小儿心内直视手术后多脏器功能障碍综合征的危险因素

目的 分析小儿心内直视手术后多脏器功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS)的危险因素.方法 将2001年1月至2010年12月间完成的1899例先天性心脏病(先心病)手术患儿,按术后有无MODS分为两组,进行单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 术后发生MODS 35例,发生率为1.84％,病死率为51.43％.单因素分析显示:复杂先心病、围术期发生意外、体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、呼吸机辅助时间、术后感染与术后发生MODS有关.经多因素Logistic回归分析显示:复杂先心病、围术期发生意外、体外循环时间超过180 min、术后感染为小儿心内直视手术后MODS的危险因素.结论 对于存在MODS危险因素的患儿应给予更为细致的围手术期及术后的监测与预防.     

小儿心内直视手术后急性呼吸窘迫综合征的危险因素与防治对策

目的 分析小儿心内直视手术后发生急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的危险因素及探讨其防治对策.方法 以2001年1月至2008年10月间连续1 408例施行先天性心脏病(先心病)手术患儿为研究对象,进行术后ARDS危险因素的单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 术后发生ARDS 32例,发生率为2.27%.术后ARDS患儿病死率为46.9%.单因素分析显示:紫绀型先心病、体外循环时同、主动脉阻断时间、呼吸机通气时间、每公斤体质量引流液总量、围手术期意外、术后并发症与术后ARDS有关.经多因素Logistic回归分析显示:体外循环时间超过180 min、每公斤体质量引流液总量超过18 ml、围术期发生意外、术后多器官功能衰竭为小儿心内直视手术后ARDS的危险因素.结论 对于具有ARDS高危因素的心内直视手术患儿,应采取积极的防治措施,这对防止心内直视手术后发生的ARDS具有重要的意义.     

小儿噬血细胞综合征预后相关因素分析

目的　分析小儿噬血细胞综合征的临床特征及对预后有影响的危险因素。方法　回顾性分析2 5例临床诊断为噬血细胞综合征的患儿的临床特征。比较死亡与存活组患儿的临床特点,采用Logistic回归进行多因素分析并计算OR值及OR的95 %可信限( 95 %CI)。结果　2 5例患儿存活1 7例,死亡8例,病死率3 2 %。多因素Logistic回归分析提示EB病毒感染,CD4 /CD8比例倒置,血小板降低为死亡危险因素,相对危险度分别为:5 3 61、4 72 4、3 772。结论　应重视并针对死亡的危险因素制订相应的防治措施,降低病死率     

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目的探讨小儿先天性心脏病体外循环术后发生毛细血管渗漏综合征(capillary leak syndrome,CLS)的相关影响因素,为预防和控制CLS的发生提供依据。方法收集2004-01—2005-12重庆医科大学附属儿童医院310例先天性心脏病体外循环(CPB)术后患儿的临床资料,对可能引起CLS发生的因素进行单因素分析和多元Logistic逐步回归分析,确定出与CLS发病相关的独立影响因素。结果体外循环术后CLS的发生率为16·78%,病死率为19·23%。多元Logistic回归分析显示体外循环时间、心脏畸形的种类(单纯型/复杂型)、CPB术中最低温度、年龄是CLS发生的独立影响因素。结论患儿的体外循环时间、心脏畸形的种类、术中最低温度、年龄是CLS发生的独立影响因素。     

小儿卵巢扭转坏死的危险因素及其预测价值分析

目的探讨小儿卵巢扭转坏死的危险因素及其预测价值。方法回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉儿童医院2014年5月至2023年5月术中诊断为卵巢扭转的73例患儿临床资料。按照病理结果将患儿分为坏死组(27例)及未坏死组(46例)。比较两组患儿的年龄、侧别、恶心呕吐、发热、腹痛至手术时间、血小板、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、中性粒细胞百分比、C-反应蛋白值(C-reaction protein, CRP)、白细胞计数(white blood cell, WBC)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞的比值(platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, PLR)、淋巴细胞与CRP的比值(lymphocyte to C-reaction protein, LCR)及附件肿物直径。使用单因素Logistic回归分析小儿卵巢扭转坏死的相关危险因素, 多因素Logistic回归进一步分析其独立危险因素, 绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)曲线评估...     

极低出生体质量儿肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积危险因素的临床分析

目的 回顾分析极低出生体质量儿(VLBWI)肠外营养相关性胆汁淤积(PNAC)的发病率和危险因素.方法 对2006年1月-2008年12月在南京儿童医院NICU接受肠外营养(PN)支持超过14 d的64例VLBWI的临床资料进行回顾分析,了解PNAC的发病率;并按PNAC的有无进行分组,对2组的临床资料进行分析比较,并应用Logistic回归模型分析PNAC的危险因素.结果 64例VLBWI中10例发生PNAC,发生率15.63%.PNAC组胎龄为(31.54±2.67 )周,体质量增长(12.14±8.44) g·d-1,均小于无PNAC组患儿[(33.30±2.01)周,(17.66±4.36) g·d-1](Pa=0.003).PNAC组患儿住院天数(50.30±32.15) d、PN持续时间(35.00±12.12) d、全静脉营养时间(9.44±8.52) d、氨基酸累计用量(57.62±25.25) g·kg-1、脂肪乳累计用量(55.23±30.60) g·kg-1,均高于无PNAC组.PNAC组先天性心脏病的发病率为30.00%,高于非PNAC组的5.56%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.044).2组患儿的性别、日龄、出生体质量、PN开始日龄、氨基酸和脂肪乳日用量及感染、窒息、颅内出血、机械通气、坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率比较差异均无统计学意义.Logistic回归分析示:PN持续时间(OR=0.87,95%CI 0.79~0.96,P=0.005)和合并先天性心脏病(OR=39.44,95%CI 2.18~714.24,P=0.013)是PNAC的危险因素.结论 胎龄越小,全静脉营养时间越长、PN持续时间越长,越易发生PNAC.合并先天性心脏病的患儿使用静脉营养时更易发生PNAC.尽早肠内喂养,缩短PN时间,是降低PNAC的重要措施.     

小儿先天性心脏病术后脓毒症发生的危险因素

目的：探讨小儿先天性心脏病（先心病）术后脓毒症发生的危险因素,以利于疾病早期认识和诊断,改善临床转归。方法回顾性分析我院胸外科重症监护室2012年1月至2015年4月间发生的52例先心病术后合并脓毒症患儿和1∶2配对的104例非脓毒症患儿的临床资料。对患儿年龄、性别、术前感染、延迟关胸、膈肌麻痹、二次开胸、长时间体外循环、留置多个有创导管方面进行Logistic回归分析,分析脓毒症发生的危险因素,计算OR值及其95％CI。结果先心病术后合并脓毒症患儿休克发生率高、功能受累脏器数目多,住院及ICU滞留天数长,病死率高,较非脓毒症患儿差异有统计学意义[25.32％vs.6.73％,（3.5±1.1）个vs.（1.1±0.7）个,（35.1±11.2）d vs.（11.3±3.1）d,（21.3±7.1）d vs.（7.1±2.3） d,19.23％ vs.4.81％,P＜0.05]。 Logistic回归分析显示术前合并感染、延迟关胸、二次开胸、留置多个有创导管,膈肌麻痹是小儿先天性心脏病术后脓毒症发生的危险因素, OR值（95％CI）分别为10.53（1.73,64.22）、26.66（2.69,263.83）、19.47（1.87,203.02）、4.99（1.361,8.31）、8.32（0.12,16.46）（P＜0.05）。结论小儿先心病术后脓毒症发生的危险因素有术前合并感染、延迟关胸、二次开胸、留置多个有创导管及膈肌麻痹。脓毒症患儿较非脓毒症患儿临床转归差。     

低白蛋白血症对心脏手术后患儿急性肾损伤发生的影响

目的 探讨小儿心脏病体外循环（CPB）手术后的低白蛋白血症对术后急性肾损伤（AKI）发生的影响。方法 回顾性分析2012~2016年行心脏病CPB手术患儿1 110例临床资料,按术后48 h内最低白蛋白浓度分为低白蛋白组（≤35 g/L）和正常白蛋白组（> 35 g/L）,比较两组患儿的围手术期资料和AKI发生率。对不均衡的围手术期各因素进行倾向评分匹配后再次比较AKI发生率。采用logistic回归分析术后AKI发生的围手术期危险因素。结果 术后AKI发生率为13.78%（153/1 110）,病死率为2.52%（28/1 110）,AKI患儿病死率为13.1%（20/153）,术后白蛋白≤35 g/L 的患儿占44.50%（494/1 110）。匹配前后低白蛋白组AKI发生率均比正常白蛋白组要高（P < 0.05）;匹配前后AKI患儿术后白蛋白浓度均低于非AKI患儿（P < 0.05）;Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示术后白蛋白≤35 g/L是术后AKI发生的独立危险因素之一。结论 术后48 h内白蛋白≤35 g/L是心脏CPB术后患儿AKI发生的独立危险因素,术后加强对白蛋白的检测和补充对控制术后AKI的发生有积极作用。     

重庆西南地区儿童重症腺病毒肺炎死亡的危险因素分析

目的探讨儿童重症医学科(PICU)中重症腺病毒肺炎(SAP)死亡的危险因素, 为临床合理治疗、减少不良结局发生提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2018年8月至2019年9月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院PICU住院的68例SAP患儿的临床资料, 并按病情转归分为死亡组及存活组, 收集患儿年龄、基础疾病、并发症、实验室检查结果等进行单因素分析, 并对单因素分析有意义者行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 68例患儿中男50例, 女18例, 6个月～2岁46例(67.6%);春夏季节发病55例(80.9%);热峰超过39 ℃者61例(89.7%), 发热超过2周者21例(30.9%);42例(61.8%)合并其他病原感染;均有严重程度不同的肺内和肺外并发症;死亡23例, 病死率33.8%。单因素分析显示死亡组共患先天性心脏病(13例比9例)、谷丙转氨酶>100 U/L(12例比8例)、并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)(13例比9例)、严重肺外并发症的发生率(19例比14例)均高于存活组, 差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示, 合并先天性心脏病、...     

儿童传染性单核细胞增多症并发EB病毒相关性噬血细胞综合征临床危险因素分析

目的 比较传染性单核细胞增多症(infectious mononucleosis,IM)和EB病毒相关性噬血细胞综合征(EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome,EBV-AHS)的临床特点,分析IM患儿发生EBV-AHS的临床危险因素.方法 回顾性比较我院2000年1月至2006年4月430例IM和EBV-AHS患儿临床症状、体征和实验室检查特点,采用Logistic回归分析IM患儿发生EBV-AHS的临床危险因素.结果 (1)本组IM病例中EBV-AHS发生率为3.72%(16/430),EBV-AHS组患儿热程明显长于IM组患儿,体温峰值、肝脏和脾脏肿大程度均较IM组患儿明显,但咽峡炎发生率(37.5%)显著低于IM组(91.1%),差异均有统计学意义.(2)EBV-AHS组外周血三系均低于IM组,且变异淋巴细胞升高不明显,其比例(中位数10%)显著低于IM组(中位数18%),差异亦有统计学意义.(3)EBV-ASH组肝功能损害显著重于IM组,尤其乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)(中位数为2128.5 U/L)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)(中位数为489 U/L)水平升高显著高于IM组,且常伴有高胆红素血症及低白蛋白血症.(4)多因素Logistic回归分析发现:热程＞10 d(OR=8.097)、LDH进行性升高＞1000 U/L(OR=7.998)、低白蛋白血症(OR=7.838)、中性粒细胞＜1.5×109/L(OR=7.587)和血小板＜100×109/L(OR=7.190)是本组IM患儿发生EBV-AHS的临床危险因素,本组EBV-AHS病死率高达50%.结论 绝大多数IM患儿呈良性自限性过程,约3.7%患儿进展为EBV-ASH.热程＞10 d、LDH＞1000U/L、低白蛋白血症、中性粒细胞＜1.5×109/L、血小板＜100 x 109/L是IM患儿发生EBV-AHS的临床危险因素,该病预后凶险,病死率高,多次骨髓检查有助于及时诊断.     

Behavioral outcome including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/hyperactivity disorder and minor neurological signs in perinatal high-risk newborns at 4−6 years of age with relation to risk factors

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic problems with the criteria of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Diagnostic Statistical Manual, 4th edn, have been identified. The aim of this study was to clarify whether the minor neurological signs test (MNT) the authors had previously reported was a predictor for the criteria of ADHD or hyperactivity disorder (HD) in perinatal risk children at 4-6 years of age and what kind of risk factors related to MNT. METHODS: A total of 136 children discharged from neonatal intensive care units were examined at the age of 4-6 years by a developmental neuropediatrician using both MNT and diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV ADHD/ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th edn) HD. SPSS base and professional were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: On comparison of diagnostic criteria between ADHD (11.0%) and HD (27.5%), the incidence in the same subjects showed significant difference. MNT scores showed significant correlation with criteria of ADHD (P < 0.01) and HD (P < 0.05). Diagnostic validity of MNT for predicting ADHD was demonstrated with 78% sensitivity and 79% specificity. High positive rates on MNT did not show a significant difference between the very low birthweight (VLBW) and non-low birthweight (NLBW) groups. Behavioral outcome with relation to risk factors were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Apgar 5 in the NLBW group and toxemia of pregnancy and small for gestational age (SGA) in VLBW group were highly correlated with behavioral outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Minor neurological signs test score was a significant predictor for criteria of ADHD and HD. High incidences of positive MNT were suspected in not only VLBW children but also NLBW children and Apgar 5 in NLBW children and toxemia of pregnancy and SGA in VLBW children influenced behavioral outcome.     

婴幼儿重症肺炎病情危重的预测指标

目的：探讨婴幼儿重症肺炎病情危重的早期预测指标,为临床诊治提供参考。方法：收集2009年1月至2011年12月住院的411例1~36个月的重症肺炎患儿临床资料,将与病情相关的23项指标进行logistic多因素回归分析。411例患儿分为危重组和普通组。危重组包括死亡及病程中需要抢救或气管插管机械通气的患儿,共139例;普通组为除危重组外的病例,共272例。结果：通过logistic多因素回归分析最终筛选出8个有统计学意义的病情危重预测指标,其优势比(OR)由高到低依次为低血Ca2+（11.488）,窦性心动过速（7.506）,先天性心脏病（5.977）,脑功能障碍症状（5.182）,早产（4.978）,血K+异常（2.910）,代谢性酸中毒（2.489）,营养不良（2.048）。结论：婴幼儿重症肺炎病情危重的早期预测指标有低血Ca2+、窦性心动过速、先天性心脏病等8项,具备这些危险因素的重症肺炎患儿应加强监护,尽量转至儿科重症监护室治疗。     

非典型抑制反射便秘患儿测压相关参数的Logistic 回归分析

目的便秘患儿肛门直肠测压中的抑制反射波形往往不典型,不能反映抑制反射的所有参数,本研究通过分析不典型抑制反射患儿肛门直肠测压基本参数,筛选出相互独立的可能诊断便秘相关疾病的危险因素。方法收集2012年5月至2014年3月在西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院进行肛门直肠测压,表现为不典型抑制反射的患儿共92例,分为正常组36例,先天性巨结肠组24例,巨结肠同源病组32例,采用单因素分析及非条件 Logistic 回归分析评估可能提示诊断便秘相关疾病的危险因素。结果单因素分析结果提示最大抑制反射时程与抑制反射时程比（Ti max ／Tr 0．360±0．053 vs 0.414±0．052,P ＜0．01）、压力变化（0.865±0．069 vs 0．605±0．124,P ＜0．01）是诊断 HD 的危险因素,肛管静息压（P ＝0．034）、抑制反射时程（13．29±5．63 vs 18．25±7．30,P ＜0．05）、Ti max ／Tr （0．360±0.053 vs 0．440±0．091,P ＜0．01）和压力变化（0．865±0．069 vs 0．643±0．124,P ＜0．01）是诊断 HAD 的危险因素。Logistic 回归分析结果显示肛管静息压不能作为诊断 HAD 的危险因素,其他危险因素与单因素分析结果一致。结论直肠肛门测压抑制反射参数中的 Ti max、压力变化是不典型抑制反射便秘患儿诊断 HD 和 HAD 的危险因素,而抑制反射时程延时是诊断 HAD 的独立危险因素。     

High maternal body mass index increases the risk of neonatal early onset group B streptococcal disease

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the occurrence of neonatal early onset group B streptococcal (EOGBS) disease relative to maternal body mass index (BMI). Method: A cohort of Swedish parturients with an early pregnancy BMI registered was investigated. Data were retrieved from population-based registers during 1997-2001, (n = 344 127, elective caesarean section excluded). Medical records of all infants with a diagnosis of EOGBS septicaemia (P36.0) were scrutinized for verification of the diagnosis. There were 136 cases with blood culture-positive septicaemia and 112 cases with clinical infection. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multiple logistic regression. Results: In obese parturients with BMI > 30, there was an 80% increased risk for verified neonatal EOGBS disease (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.0). When cases with clinical sepsis were included a significant risk increment was also found in overweight women with BMI 25.0-29.9 (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.0). Conclusion: Maternal obesity and overweight are risk factors associated with increased risk of neonatal EOGBS disease.     

Prognostic factors and treatment outcome in childhood Hodgkin disease

BACKGROUND: The goals of this study included: (1) Identification of factors prognostic for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS), and (2) Definition of risk groups for risk adapted therapy in children with Hodgkin disease (HD). PROCEDURE: From 1991 to 2003, 69 children with newly diagnosed, untreated biopsy-proven stage I-IV HD were treated with chemotherapy (CT) and low-dose involved field radiotherapy (LD-IFRT). The relationship of pretreatment factors to EFS and OS was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The 5-year EFS and OS for all patients were 90.77% and 96.22%, respectively with a median follow-up of 73 months (3-137 months). Male to female ratio was 3:1 and 21 children (32.3%) were less than 7 years of age. Mixed cellularity was the predominant histologic subtype (38.5%). Factors associated with inferior EFS by univariate analysis were extranodal disease, hemoglobin level <11 g/dl, number of involved lymph node regions and stage. By multivariate analysis only stage IV disease was significant. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms that excellent results are achievable with combined modality therapy in childhood HD. In order to use risk-adapted therapy in children with HD, clinical prognostic factors should be validated with large, multicentered prospective clinical studies.     

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??Congenital adrenal insufficiency ??CAI?? comprises a fairly large group of disorders characterized by low production of glucocorticoids with or without low production of mineralocorticoids. Diagnosis of CAI is often delayed due to its unspecific clinical symptoms??and missed diagnosis of CAI or inadequate treatment thereof may be fatal. Recently??new molecular genetic methods have revealed novel genes underlying CAI and have enhanced the knowledge of those disorders. They have the valid managements. Rational substitute treatment may make the patients avoid critical risk and get normal growth and normal live quality. Therefore??the pathogenetic mechanism should be further investigated. Pediatricians should master the keypoints of clinical diagnosis and treatment and try to avoid the risk due to misdiagnosis.     

Significance of splenomegaly in childhood Hodgkin disease

OBJECTIVES: Spleen involvement in childhood Hodgkin disease (HD) has not been described extensively. The authors' purpose was to study the clinicoradiologic features and prognostic significance of splenomegaly and that of splenic involvement in childhood HD. METHODS: One hundred forty-one children presenting with HD between January 1991 and February 2001 and treated with chemotherapy alone (4 COPP/4 ABVD) were included in the study. Radiotherapy was given in four patients with residual mediastinal disease. Patients were staged clinically and assessed for splenic deposits by computed tomography, ultrasonography, or both. RESULTS: Splenic involvement was seen in 22 children (15.6%). On univariate analysis, spleen deposits were significantly correlated with constitutional symptoms (P = 0.02), splenomegaly on physical examination (P < 0.001), involvement of three or more lymph node areas (P = 0.006), involvement of subdiaphragmatic lymph nodes (P = 0.01), mediastinal involvement (P = 0.001), and bulky disease (P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis retained enlarged spleen, involvement of three or more lymph node areas, and bulky disease as significant risk factors for spleen involvement. Relapse occurred significantly more in children with splenic involvement (P = 0.04) and in those with splenomegaly (P = 0.04). Presence of splenic deposits was an adverse prognostic factor for 5-year event-free survival (67.5% vs. 93.0%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Enlarged spleen, involvement of three or more lymph node areas, and bulky disease are predictable risk factors for HD splenic deposits. Splenic involvement on computed tomography scan or ultrasonography is significantly associated with relapse and contributes to a poorer outcome of HD in children treated with chemotherapy alone.     

儿童重症腺病毒肺炎的临床特征及高危因素分析

目的分析儿童重症腺病毒肺炎的临床特征、危重症及其死亡高危因素,为早期诊断及合理治疗提供临床依据。方法回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院儿童重症医学科(PICU)2019年1至10月收治的75例重症腺病毒肺炎患儿的临床资料和实验室检查资料,按照病情分析分为重症组和危重症组,采用χ²检验或Mann-Whitney秩和检验对比分析进行组间比较,危重症及其死亡的高危因素分析采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果75例重症腺病毒肺炎患儿中男52例、女23例,年龄为3月龄至8岁,重症组30例、危重症组45例。鼻咽拭子腺病毒抗原阳性率为21%(15/72),血清腺病毒IgM抗体阳性率为13%(10/75),鼻咽拭子腺病毒核酸阳性率为75%(21/28)。血浆和肺泡灌洗液的病原微生物宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)阳性率分别为92%(33/36)和96%(54/56),95%(63/66)确定为腺病毒7型。采用较大剂量利巴韦林和综合治疗措施(呼吸支持、糖皮质激素、免疫球蛋白及器官功能维护等),治愈率为77%(58/75),好转率8%(6/75),病死率为15%(11/75)。危重症组的利巴韦林治疗后发热>3 d比率明显高于重症组[51%(18/35)比8%(2/26),χ²=12.949,P<0.05]。重症病例发生危重症的高危因素包括年龄<4岁、入PICU前发热时间、入PICU后发热时间、氧合指数(P/F)<300 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、铁蛋白>1000μg/L、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)>1500 U/L、5个肺叶受累、并发胸腔积液和(或)气漏(均P<0.05)。其中,5个肺叶受累为独立高危因素(校正OR=49.641,95%CI 4.186~588.618,P=0.002)。危重症病例的死亡高危因素包括入PICU后发热时间、P/F<100 mmHg、铁蛋白>2000μg/L、白细胞介素(IL)-6>100 ng/L、LDH>1500 U/L、并发胸腔积液和(或)气漏(均P<0.05)。其中,IL-6>100 ng/L为独立高危因素(校正OR=16.094,95%CI 2.059~25.787,P=0.008)。结论腺病毒7型所致儿童重症腺病毒肺炎的病死率较高;鼻咽拭子腺病毒核酸和血浆或肺泡灌洗液mNGS检出率高,有助于早期诊断,后者可用于分型;对于4岁以下儿童,持续发热、肺部广泛病变和IL-6水平明显增高者应高度警惕危重症和不良预后;早期较大剂量利巴韦林联合综合疗法有助于改善其预后。     

Outcome after autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed or refractory childhood Hodgkin disease

OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical outcome and prognostic factors for overall survival in children with recurrent and/or primary refractory Hodgkin disease (HD) after high-dose therapy and autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). The survival outcome of this treatment was compared with conventional salvage therapy without stem cell transplantation. METHODS: Clinical records of 51 patients with relapsed or refractory HD who underwent AHSCT were reviewed. The source of the stem cells was bone marrow (n = 22) or peripheral blood (n = 29). At the time of high-dose therapy, 39 patients were in complete remission and 1 was in partial remission, while the remaining 11 had refractory disease. The records of 78 patients from the HD 1 trial who underwent conventional salvage treatment but without AHSCT for relapsed or refractory HD were also reviewed. All patients received HDT without radiation for conditioning. RESULTS: Overall survival from diagnosis of patients treated with AHSCT did not differ significantly from that of those treated with conventional salvage therapy (hazard ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 0.9-8.2; P = 0.4). There were also no statistically significant differences in survival data between the two approaches for patients whose duration of first remission was less than or greater than 1 year (P = 0.5; stratified log-rank). Of the 11 patients who received AHSCT for refractory disease, 9 remain alive and well with followups ranging from 2 to 18 years. No deaths due to treatment-related complications were seen in the AHSCT group. CONCLUSIONS: Stem cell transplantation does not offer any significant survival advantage over conventional salvage therapy in children with relapsed HD, although it may be of benefit for patients with primary refractory disease.     

微创应用肺表面活性物质治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征失败的高危因素分析

目的 探讨肺表面活性物质微创给药方式（MISA）治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）失败的高危因素及其对早产儿的影响。方法 回顾性分析2017年7月1日至2018年12月31日京津冀地区8家三级医院新生儿重症监护病房应用MISA给予牛肺表面活性物质（PS）治疗胎龄≤ 32周,且临床考虑为RDS早产儿（n=148）的基本信息、围产期情况、用药情况、合并症、临床转归等病例资料。根据MISA治疗是否失败（MISA失败定义为MISA后72 h内需要机械通气）分为MISA失败组（n=16）和MISA成功组（n=132）。应用logistic回归分析MISA失败的高危因素及其对早产儿的影响。结果 MISA失败率为10.8%（16/148）。logistic回归分析结果显示用药前RDS > Ⅱ级发生率高、用药前平均动脉压低、用药前脉压差大、首次给药剂量低、注药时间及总操作时间长是MISA失败的危险因素（分别OR=5.983、1.210、1.183、1.055、1.036、1.058,P < 0.05）。控制上述高危因素后行logistic回归分析结果显示MISA失败组BPD的发生率高（OR=8.537,P < 0.05）。结论 给药前RDS程度重、血压监测平均动脉压低、脉压差大是MISA失败的独立危险因素;首次PS给药剂量低、注药时间及总操作时间长可能增加MISA失败的风险;MISA失败可能导致早产儿BPD发生率增加。