(3S,4S)-3-苄氧羰基氨基-4-羟甲基-2-氧代氮杂环丁烷-1-磺酸四丁基铵氨甲酰化的新方法

目的研究氨甲酰化(3S,4S)-3-苄氧羰基氨基-4-羟甲基-2-氧代氮杂环丁烷-1-磺酸四丁基铵(1)的新方法。方法以化合物1为原料,二氯甲烷为溶剂,经氯磺酰异氰酸酯酰化、亚硫酸钠水溶液脱氯磺酰基,再经阳离子交换树脂得目标化合物(3)。结果所得化合物经1HNMR、IR、旋光和元素分析确证。结论所选方法用于化合物1氨甲酰化较理想。     

(3S)-3-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯的合成

L-门冬氨酸在氯化亚砜作用下选择性甲酯化生成L-门冬氨酸-4-甲酯盐酸盐,经二碳酸二叔丁酯保护氨基、与氯甲酸乙酯成混酐后经硼氢化钠还原得到(3S)-3-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)-4-羟基丁酸甲酯,最后经NaClO/TEMPO氧化得到西他列汀重要手性中间体(3S)-3-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯,总收率约41%。     

7β-叔丁氧羰基氨基-3-氯甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸二苯甲酯的合成

7-ACA经水解、氨基保护得到的7β-叔丁氧羰基氨基-3-羟甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸,与二苯基重氮甲烷反应保护羧基得7β-叔丁氧羰基氨基-3-羟甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸二苯甲酯,最后经氯代制得硫酸头孢噻利等的中间体7β-叔丁氧羰基氨基-3-氯甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸二苯甲酯,总收率约29%(以7-ACA计).     

(E)-4-溴-3-甲基-2-丁烯酸的合成工艺改进

以3-甲基-2-丁烯酸为起始原料,经硅酯化和溴代后,再将(Z)-4-溴-3-甲基-2-丁烯酸硅酯转化成相应内酯,从而经蒸馏分离出其反式异构体(E)-4-溴-3-甲基-2-丁烯酸硅酯,水解后即生成(E)-4-溴-3-甲基-2-丁烯酸,总收率为29%.     

科研技术简讯

S039 从L-α-氨基-β-羟基酸合成(S)-3-氨基-1-磺酸氮杂环丁酮-2 Floyd D M等[J.O.C.47(26):5160～5167,1982] 新型单环类β-内酰胺抗生素-单环磺酸类(Monobactams)(1),可从丝氨酸类合成。已进入临床的阿苏胺(Azthreonam,即SQ26776)(2)的主环(3),可从L-苏氨酸合成。在用叔丁氧羰基保护氨基之后,即与O-甲羟胺及水溶性碳二亚胺一锅煮得O-甲基羟肟酸酯,羟基经甲磺酰化,在碳酸钾作用下,环合成β-内酰胺(4)。再用钠氨去除氮上的甲氧基,经N磺化及去除3位氨基保护基后,即得(3)。总收率可达45％,较前此的文献高,且方法上也有较大的改进。     

3-(S)-(1-氨甲酰基-1,1-二苯甲基)吡咯烷的合成

反式-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸经脱羧、N-Boc保护和氯代反应制得N-Boc-3-(S)-氯吡咯烷,在叔丁醇钾作用下与二苯乙腈缩合得N-Boc-3-(S)-(1-氰基-1,1-二苯甲基)毗咯烷,再经水解、脱保护、经L-(+)-酒石酸处理后碱化制得氢溴酸达非那新中间体3-(S)-(1-氨甲酰基-1,1-二苯基甲基)吡咯烷,总收率约14%.     

4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯的合成

2-甲基-2-羟基丙腈(2)经三甲基硅基(TMS)保护后,经Blaise反应并脱三甲基硅烷基保护,在亚硝酸钠和乙酸作用下肟化和Pd/C催化还原得到2-氨基-4-羟基-4-甲基-3-氧代戊酸乙酯三氟乙酸盐,再与丁酰亚氨酸甲酯盐酸盐环合得到奥美沙坦酯关键中间体4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯,总收率约40%。     

2-(2-苄氧羰基氨基噻唑-4-基)-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧羰基)-2-戊烯酸的合成

对头孢布烯的关键中间体2-(2-苄氧羰基氨基噻唑-4-基)-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧羰基)-2-戊烯酸(1)的合成工艺进行了研究。选用国内易得的(2-氨基噻唑-4-基)乙酸甲酯(2)作为起始原料,经过氨基保护、M ichae l加成-消除和选择性酯化三步反应制得目标化合物1,反应总收率63.0%。该工艺操作简单,生产成本低,适合工业化生产。     

4-氟-3-甲基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯的合成

3-甲基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(2)经氧化、硝化和还原反应制得4-氨基-3-甲基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(5),然后经改进的Balz-Schiemann反应制得4-氟-3-甲基吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯(1),以2计总收率约18%。     

叔丁基[2-溴-4-(溴甲基)-6-硝基苯基]氨基甲酸酯的合成

以4-甲基-2-硝基苯胺为起始原料,经过两次溴代反应和氨基保护合成了未见文献报道的化合物叔丁基[2-溴-4-(溴甲基)-6-硝基苯基]氨基甲酸酯,总收率60.64%,其结构经LC/MS和1H NMR确证。     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of a 4-fluoromethyl monobactam analog

The synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of (+/-)(cis)-3-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]- 4-fluoromethyl-2-oxo-1-azetidinesulfonic acid, potassium salt are presented.     

N-azamonobactams. 1. The synthesis of some 3-substituted N-azamonobactam derivatives

Ring closure of the N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-L-serine 2-(diphenylmethylene)hydrazide (10a) and the corresponding L-threonine derivative (10b) gave good yields of the beta-lactams 11a and 11b. Catalytic hydrogenation afforded the corresponding N-amino beta-lactams 12a and 12b. These compounds were then further transformed into 3-(S)-[[(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-(Z)-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino-2-oxo-1- azetidinyl]sulfamic acid analogs 18, 23, and 30a and 30b. None of these compounds exhibited any interesting biological activity.     

多靶点叶酸拮抗剂—培美曲唑的合成

目的改进多靶点叶酸拮抗剂-培美曲唑的合成工艺。方法以4-溴苯甲酸乙酯和3-丁炔-1-醇为起始原料,经钯（0）催化偶联、氧化、溴代,再同2,4-二氨基吡啶环合,得到4-[2-（2-氨基-4,7-二氢-4-氧代-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-5-基）乙基]苯甲酸甲酯（4）。4经皂化、酸化,同L-谷氨酸二乙酯部分缩合,得到N-[4-[2-（2-氨基-4,7-二氢-4-氧代-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-5-基）乙基]苯甲酰基]-L-谷氨酸二甲酯（2）。2和对甲苯磺酸成盐,再经皂化、酸化,得到培美曲唑（pemetrexed,1）。培美曲唑经中和,冷冻干燥,得到临床应用的培美曲唑二钠盐。结果与结论改进了培美曲唑的合成工艺,产物经^1H-NMR、MS确证结构,总收率为39.2%（文献收率36.8%）。     

5-Amino-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (PD 124,816). Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new class of quinolone antibacterials

A series of 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3- quinolinecarboxylic acids with piperazinyl or pyrrolidinyl side-chains appended at C7 were prepared to test the effect of the 5-amino group on the biological and physicochemical properties of these quinolones. The target compounds were synthesized from 2-nitro-3,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoic acid and were tested against a variety of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase, using standard microtitration techniques. The results are compared to reference quinolones such as ciprofloxacin. The 5-amino derivatives were significantly more potent (2-16 times) than their non-amino analogues. Alkylation or acylation of the 5-amino group reduced potency dramatically. The 5-amino group was neither basic nor nucleophilic. 5-Amino-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-cyclopropyl- 6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (PD 124,816) was selected as the best compound in this study.     

加替沙星主要相关杂质的分离和鉴定

目的加替沙星原料药中相关杂质的分离及结构鉴定。方法用液相色谱/质谱联用技术分离并鉴定加替沙星原料中的主要相关杂质,并合成了两个化合物:1-环丙基-6-氟-8-甲氧基-7-(1-哌嗪基)-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸(简称DMP)和1-环丙基-6-氟-8-羟基-7-(3-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸(简称DMO)。比较合成的化合物与原料中相关杂质的液相色谱、紫外吸收光谱及质谱。结果相关杂质的分子量比加替沙星少14,即一个亚甲基,合成的DMP的液相色谱、紫外吸收光谱及质谱分析结果与原料药中相关杂质一致。结论确证了该相关杂质的结构为1-环丙基-6-氟-8-甲氧基-7-(1-哌嗪基)-1,4-二氢-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸。     

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of benzylidene analogues as a new class of potential antioxidant agents

Seventeen analogues of benzylidene were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. The structure of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR) studies. The antioxidant activity of the titled compounds was evaluated. Compounds: 4h--N'-[2-amino-3-(morpholinomethyl)benzylidene]isonicotinohydrazide, 4p 7-(4-(2-amino-3-[(2-isonicotinoylhydrazono)methyl]benzyl}piperazin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquino- line-3-carboxylic acid and 4q 7-(4-{2-amino-3-[(2 isonicotinoylhydrazono)methyl]benzyl} piperazin-1-yl)-1-ethyl-6,8-difluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid were the most active compounds with significant hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity.     

Study on metabolism of pyridonecarboxylic acid. I. Isolation and identification of metabolites of (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1- (2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262) in urine

Metabolism of (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dihydro-4- oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262) was studied. Metabolites were isolated from urine of mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and monkey following oral administration of T-3262, and identified using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Two metabolites, other than unchanged (+-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (T-3262 base), in which 3-aminopyrrolidinyl ring of T-3262 was metabolized, were identified as: (+-)-7-(3-acetyl-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro- 1,4- dihydro-4-oxo-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (T-3262A) in all animals: (+-)-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,4- dihydro- 4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (T-3262B) in monkey. The glucuronide of T-3262 was detected in mouse, dog and monkey, the glucuronides of T-3262A and T-3262B were detected in monkey. M-I, unidentified metabolite, was detected only in mouse.     

1H定量核磁共振波谱法测定盐酸莫西沙星及其杂质7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸的含量

目的:建立采用1 H定量核磁共振波谱(1H quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance,1H qNMR)法测定盐酸莫西沙星及其杂质7-氨基莫西沙星喹啉羧酸对照品含量的方法.方法:采用核磁共振波谱法,使用Bruker Ascend 600超导核磁共振谱仪,以氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d...     

Studies on antianaphylactic agents. 7. Synthesis of antiallergic 5-oxo-5H-[1]benzopyrano[2,3-b]pyridines

5-Oxo-5H-[1]benzopyrano[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acids 23 and their tetrazole analogues 24 were synthesized from 4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-carbonitriles 3 or 2-amino-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehydes 4. When administered intravenously, they exhibited antiallergic activity in a reaginic PCA test in rats. In the carboxylic acid series, the activity was influenced by the substituents at the 2-position and increased substantially in the following order: Me, OMe less than NH2 less than OH, H less than NHOMe. On the other hand, in the tetrazole series, 2-unsubstituted derivatives showed the highest activity. Regardless of the kinds of substituents at positions 2 and 3, compounds bearing an alkyl group, especially an isopropyl group at the 7-position, were superior in activity to the corresponding unsubstituted compounds. Among these alkyl derivatives, 3-carboxylic acid derivatives, i.e., 23c (7-ethyl), 23g (2-amino-7-isopropyl), 23r [2-(methoxyamino)-7-isopropyl], and a 3-tetrazole derivative 24c (7-isopropyl), were 41-184 times as potent as disodium cromoglycate. They also exhibited remarkable activity when administered orally; clinical studies on 23g (AA-673) are in progress.     

Structural determinants of AMPA agonist activity in analogues of 2-amino-3-(3-carboxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid: synthesis and pharmacology

We have previously shown that the 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (AMPA) receptor agonist, 2-amino-3-(3-carboxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (ACPA, 2), binds to AMPA receptors in a manner different from that of AMPA (1) itself and that 2, in contrast to 1, also binds to kainic acid receptor sites. To elucidate the structural requirements for selective activation of the site/conformation of AMPA receptors recognized by 2, a number of isosteric analogues of 2 have now been synthesized and pharmacologically characterized. The compound 2-amino-3-(5-carboxy-3-methoxy-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (3a) (IC(50) = 0.11 microM; EC(50) = 1.2 microM), which is a regioisostere of 2 with a methoxy group substituted for the methyl group, was approximately equipotent with 2 (IC(50) = 0.020 microM; EC(50) = 1.0 microM) as an inhibitor of [(3)H]AMPA binding and as an AMPA agonist, respectively, whereas the corresponding 3-ethoxy analogue 3b (IC(50) = 1.0 microM; EC(50) = 4.8 microM) was slightly weaker. The analogues 3c-e, containing C3 alkoxy groups, were an order of magnitude weaker than 3b, whereas the additional steric bulk of the alkoxy groups of 3f-i or the presence of an acidic hydroxyl group at the 3-position of the isoxazole ring of 3j prevented interaction with AMPA receptor sites. The 2-amino-3-(2-alkyl-5-carboxy-3-oxo-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acids 4a,b, i, which are regioisosteric analogues of 3a,b,i, showed negligible interaction with AMPA recognition sites. Similarly, replacement of the carboxyl group of 3b by isosteric tetrazolyl or 1,2,4-triazolyl groups to give 5 and 6, respectively, or conversion of 3b into analogue 7, in which the diaminosquaric acid group has been bioisosterically substituted for the alpha-aminocarboxylic acid unit, provided compounds completely devoid of effect at AMPA receptors. In contrast to the parent compound ACPA (2) (IC(50) = 6.3 microM), none of the analogues described showed detectable inhibitory effect on [(3)H]kainic acid receptor binding.