氧化槐定碱对小鼠中枢神经系统的影响

目的 探讨氧化槐定碱对中枢神经系统的影响。方法 采用行为药理学方法观察并测定氧化槐定碱对阈剂量和阈下剂量戊巴比妥催眠作用的影响,对小鼠外观活动和自身活动的影响及对戊四氮惊厥的影响。结果 腹腔内注射氧化槐定碱250,500,1000mg/kg,小鼠自发活动抑制率分别为42．6％,57．2％和76．3％,戊巴比妥钠入睡时间分别缩短38．4％,49．0％和39．7％,而睡眠时间分别延长172％,138％和389％,并能明显加强阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠的催眠作用。氧化槐定碱500,1000mg/kg不能对抗戊四氮引的惊厥。结论 氧化槐定碱具有镇静、催眠等中枢抑制作用。     

氧化苦参碱对小鼠的中枢抑制作用

目的：探讨氧化苦参碱对中枢神经系统的影响。方法：采用行为药理学方法观察并测定氧化苦参碱对阈剂量和阈下剂量戊巴比妥纳催眠作用的影响,对小鼠外观活动和自发活动的影响及对戊四氮和最大电惊厥的影响。结果：ｉｐ氧化苦参碱５０、１００、２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ小鼠自发活动抑制率分别为５４．３％、４３．０％、７１．０％,戊巴比妥钠入睡时间分别缩短３２．９％、３２．９％、４３．８％,而睡眠时间分别延长２０９．８％、４２１     

槐定碱对小鼠中枢神经系统的影响

目的观察槐定碱对小鼠中枢神经系统的影响。方法采用行为学方法观察槐定碱对正常小鼠自主活动及对阈剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠入睡潜伏期和睡眠持续时间的影响;观察槐定碱与阈下剂量戊四氮、烟碱、士的宁、印防己毒素、异烟肼致惊厥的协同作用。结果小鼠ip给予槐定碱10、20mg/kg,小鼠自主活动抑制率分别为66.9%、76.6%,延长小鼠ip戊巴比妥钠40mg/kg的入睡潜伏期,缩短入睡时间(P<0.01)。每只小鼠icv给予槐定碱2.5μg,能协同士的宁、印防己毒素、异烟肼致惊厥作用,但对戊四氮、烟碱致惊厥无协同作用。小鼠ip槐定碱20mg/kg,对其被动运动未见明显影响。结论槐定碱对中枢神经系统具有明显的兴奋作用。     

龙骨酸枣仁对小鼠镇静催眠作用的对比研究

目的:比较观察龙骨和酸枣仁水煎剂对实验小鼠自发活动、睡眠、惊厥的影响.方法:分别给小鼠连续灌胃1周龙骨、酸枣仁水煎剂25g/kg、50g/kg,通过测定药物对动物活动箱中小鼠自发活动次数,观察阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠时间,阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠入睡率的影响,以及对硝酸士的宁惊厥作用的影响,来比较龙骨和酸枣仁的作用效果.结果:与空白对照组比较,龙骨、酸枣仁水煎剂大小剂量组均可明显减少自发活动次数;延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠所致睡眠时间,增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠的入睡率;对抗硝酸士的宁惊厥发作的作用.结论:龙骨、酸枣仁水煎剂对小鼠均有镇静催眠作用,且同浓度时大剂量的镇静催眠作用强于小剂量,相同剂量时酸枣仁的作用强于龙骨.     

石仙桃的镇静、催眠和抗惊厥作用

目的 研究石仙桃的镇静和催眠作用。方法 观察石仙桃提取液对小鼠自发活动，戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间，阈下催眼剂量戊巴比妥钠的作用及对小鼠电惊厥的影响。结果 石仙桃提液明显减少小鼠的自发活动，延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠催眠时间，增强阈下催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠的作用并有一定的抗惊厥作用且呈剂理依耐性。结论 石仙桃提取液具有镇静，催眠和抗惊厥作用。     

石仙桃对中枢神经系统抑制作用

目的：研究石仙桃的镇静和催眠作用。方法：观察石仙桃提取液对小鼠自发活动、戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间、阈下催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠的影响及其对小鼠电惊厥的影响。结果：石仙桃提取液明显减少小鼠的自发活动,延长小鼠戊巴比妥钠催眠时间,增强阈下催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠的作用并有一定的抗惊厥作用且呈剂量依耐性。结论：石仙桃提取液具有镇静、催眠和抗惊厥作用。     

槐定碱的中枢兴奋作用及其对Glu、GABA表达的调节

目的探讨槐定碱的中枢药理作用及相关的作用机制。方法采用行为药理学方法观察槐定碱对正常小鼠一般行为、自主活动以及对戊巴比妥钠催眠作用的影响;对阈下剂量戊四氮、烟碱、士的宁、印防已毒素、异烟肼致惊厥的协同作用。采用单极引导法记录大鼠额叶皮层、海马的脑电图,并采用FFT技术定量分析槐定碱对脑电变化的影响。采用免疫组织化学技术（SABC法）,观察槐定碱对大鼠额叶皮层、海马谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸免疫阳性神经细胞表达的影响。结果腹腔注射槐定碱5、10、20mg/kg,小鼠出现出汗、对峙、竖胡须、震颤等兴奋症状。10、20mg/kg能明显延长戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡潜伏期（P〈0.01）。侧脑室注射槐定碱,0.1、0.2、0.4mg/只,大鼠额叶皮层、海马均出现痫样放电,痫样放电持续时间和频率均表现出明显的剂量依赖关系。与阈下剂量士的宁、印防己毒素、异烟肼有明显的致惊厥协同作用（P〈0.01）,但与戊四氮、烟碱无明显的协同作用（P〉0.05）。侧脑室注射槐定碱0.2mg/只,明显增加大鼠大脑皮层、海马谷氨酸免疫阳性细胞数（P〈0.01）,γ-氨基丁酸阳性细胞数数目有所下降（P〈0.01）。结论槐定碱对中枢神经系统具有明显的兴奋作用,其作用机制可能与谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸表达失衡有关。     

眠而康口服液镇静催眠作用的实验研究

目的　研究眠而康口服液 ( MEKOL)对小鼠的镇静催眠作用 ,并与眠安宁口服液 ( MANOL)和地西泮 (安定 )作比较。方法　动物随机均分为 4组 :生理盐水组 (空白对照 ) ,MEKOL 2个剂量组 ( 11.1、2 2 .2 g· kg- 1 ) ,MANOL 组 ( 4 .0 ml·kg- 1 )。灌胃给药后 ,测定各组药物对阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠的入睡率 ;催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠的睡眠时间和催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠再入睡数及时间 ;测定 MEKOL 2 2 .2、4 4.4 g· kg- 1、安定 2 m g·kg- 1小鼠自主活动次数。统计分析 :t检验法和确切概率检验法。结果　与生理盐水组比较 ,MEKOL能明显增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠的入睡率 ( P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1) ,延长催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠的睡眠时间 ( P <0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1) ,使催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠小鼠全部再入睡 ,且入睡时间长于MANOL,并能明显减少小鼠自主活动次数 ( P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 0 1)。结论　 MEKOL 对小鼠具有明显的镇静催眠作用 ,且作用强于MANOL,但稍弱于安定     

酸枣仁总生物碱镇静催眠作用的实验研究

目的：考察酸枣仁总生物碱对小鼠的镇静催眠作用。方法：采用镇静催眠观察对小鼠自主活动，协同戊巴比妥钠对小鼠睡眠作用的影响。结果：酸枣仁总生物碱(25～100mg／kg)灌胃可减少小鼠自发活动，显著延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间，增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠睡眠动物数。结论：提示生物碱为酸枣仁中枢抑制作用的有效部位。     

天麻止眩颗粒的镇静催眠作用

目的 研究天麻止眩颗粒的镇静、催眠作用.方法 采用天麻止眩颗粒对小鼠自发活动的影响、对戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠潜伏期和时间的影响及对网下催眠剂量戊巴比妥钠作用的影响,研究受试药的镇静催眠作用.结果 天麻止眩颗粒可明显减少小鼠自发活动次数,缩短小鼠入睡潜伏期,延长小鼠睡眠时间,增加戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠剂量引起的小鼠入睡率.结论 天麻止眩颗粒具有明显的镇静、催眠作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.