L精氨酸对大鼠低氧性肺动脉高压的防治作用

观察Ｌ－精氨酸对大鼠常压低氧性肺动脉高压的预防和治疗作用。结果表明，Ｌ－精氨酸（２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ）可明显预防低氧所致的肺动脉高压和右心室肥厚，Ｌ－精氨酸预防组平均肺动脉压（ｍＰＡＰ）（２．６１±０．０９ｋＰａ）明显低于低氧处理组（３．５８±０．０６ｋＰａ），两组间差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；右心室／（左心室＋室间隔）重量比值（０．２６±０．０１）明显低于低氧组（０．３４±０．０１），两组间差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。大鼠形成肺动脉高压后，经静脉灌注３００ｍｇ／ｋｇ的Ｌ－精氨酸可明显降低其ｍＰＡＰ，提示Ｌ－精氨酸对低氧性肺动脉高压可能具有一定的防治作用。     

银杏苦内酯B降低低氧性肺动脉高压的研究

分别以银杏苦内酯Ｂ、低氧、低氧加ＢＮ５２０２１处理Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠，另设对照，观察特异性血小板激活因子受体拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１对低氧肺动脉高压的作用。结果显示：ＢＮ５２０２１对正常大鼠肺血流动力学无明显的影响；低氧３周后大鼠肺动脉平均压及肺血管阻力明显高于对照组，并发生右心室肥厚和肺血管重建；用ＢＮ５２０２１可明显减轻低氧所致的上述改变。     

低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺血管结构及血浆一氧化氮的变化

目的：探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在低氧性肺动脉高压形成中的作用。方法：参与实验全过程的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠共１２只（６个对子）。以右心导管法测定肺动脉压力,以分光光度法间接测定血浆ＮＯ含量,并对大鼠肺组织标本进行显微结构观测和超微结构观察。结果：低氧组大鼠肺动脉平均压明显高于对照组［（２．７５±０．３０）ｋＰａｖｓ（２．０６±０．１４）ｋＰａ,Ｐ＜０．０５］,其血浆ＮＯ间接含量明显低于对照组［（３．５±１．２）μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ｖｓ（４．８±０．４）μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１,Ｐ＜０．０５］。光镜下,低氧组大鼠肺小血管肌化程度明显增强,肺中、小肌型动脉相对中膜厚度（ＲＭＴ）和相对中膜面积（ＲＭＡ）明显增加［肺中等肌型动脉ＲＭＴ：（９．９４±０．３０）％ｖｓ（７．７０±０．４１）％;肺中等肌型动脉ＲＭＡ：（１８．８７±０．５４）％ｖｓ（１４．７６±０．７５）％;肺小肌型动脉ＲＭＴ：（１５．１５±０．２１）％ｖｓ（１０．１２±０．６０）％;肺小肌型动脉ＲＭＡ：［（２７．９９±０．８８）％ｖｓ（１９．２３±１．０５）％,Ｐ均＜０．０１］。电镜下,肺中、小肌型动脉内皮细胞增生、肥厚、肿胀,平滑肌细胞增生、肥厚,并由收缩表型向合成表型转化     

L精氨酸对大鼠低氧性肺动脉高压的防治作用

观察Ｌ－精氨酸对大鼠常压低氧性肺动脉高压的预防和治疗作用。结果表明，Ｌ－精氨酸（２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ）可明显预防低氧所致的肺动脉高压和右心室肥厚，Ｌ－精氨酸预防组平均肺动脉压（ｍＰＡＰ）（２．６１±０．０９ｋＰａ）明显低于低氧处理组（３．５８±０．０６ｋＰａ），两组间差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）；右心室／（左心室＋室间隔）重量比值（０．２６±０．０１）明显低于低氧组（０．３４±０．０１），两组间差     

慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠血清碱性成纤维细胞生长因子含量的变化

为探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）在慢性低氧性肺动脉高压肺血管重建中的作用及机理，采用慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠模型，用酶联免疫吸附法测定其血清ｂＦＧＦ含量，并用原位杂交法观察肺、心、脑、肾等器官ｂＦＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达的变化。结果显示：低氧组血清ｂＦＧＦ含量（３５．９±２３．５ｐｇ．ｍｌ－１）明显高于对照组（６．３０±０．９７ｐｇ．ｍｌ－１，Ｐ＜０．００５）；低氧组肺小动脉ｂＦＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达明显增强，而心、脑、肾ｂＦＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达无变化。提示ｂＦＧＦ参与了慢性低氧性肺动脉高压肺小动脉重建的调控。     

血小板激活因子在慢性肺动脉高压中的作用

对大鼠采用血小板激活因子（ＰＡＦ）以每日３次每次每公斤体重３μｇ作腹腔内注射处理４周，研究其在慢性肺动脉高压形成过程中的作用。结果发现：ＰＡＦ处理组大鼠与对照组相比，其肺动脉平均压升高１．１７ｋＰａ，肺血管阻力升高２４０９．３ｋＰａ·ｓ／Ｌ，心输出量降低９．１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，右心室／（左心室＋室间隔）比值升高０．１；大鼠肺小动脉管壁增厚，反映管壁增厚的两个指标，管壁厚度占外径的百分比和管壁面积占血管总面积的百分比均显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），说明ＰＡＦ可引起肺动脉压升高和肺小动脉结构重建，提示ＰＡＦ在慢性肺动脉高压发病过程中发挥重要的作用     

左旋精氨酸对吸入一氧化氮降低肺动脉高压的延长作用

目的观察一氧化氮底物左旋精氨酸（Ｌ一ａｒｇ）延长吸入一氧化氮（ＮＯ）选择性降低肺动脉高压过程中的作用。方法８只猪麻醉后制成急性缺氧性肺动脉高压模型,在 Ｓｗａｎ－Ｇａｎｚ导管和动脉导管监测下吸入 ＮＯ（１２— １５ｐｐｍ）的过程中静脉注入 Ｌ－ ａｒｇ（共 １０ｇ）,观察停用 ＮＯ后体循环和肺循环血流动力学的变化情况。结果单纯吸入 ＮＯ能选择性降低急性缺氧性肺动脉高压,肺动脉压力从 ４ ２± ０ ４ｋＰａ降至 ２． ５± ０ ．５ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝ ７．５ｍｍＨｇ, Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,肺血管阻力从 ５６±２５ｋＰａ·ｓ·Ｌ－１降至３１±１３ｋＰａ·ｓ·Ｌ－１（Ｐ＜０．０１）,但持续时间短;ＮＯ吸入加静脉注射Ｌ－ａｒｇ没有使肺动脉压进一步下降,但能显著延长吸入ＮＯ对肺动脉压的降压时间（２０倍）,对体循环血压则无影响。结论提供内源性ＮＯ的底物Ｌ－ａｒｇ能延长ＮＯ的降压作用,提示急性缺氧时ＮＯ的生成可能有相对不足。     

低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺血管结构及血浆一氧化氮的变化

目的;探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在低氧性肺动脉高压形成中的作用。方法：参与实验全过程的Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠共１２只（６个对子）。以右心导管示测定肺动脉压力,以分光光度法间接测定血浆ＮＯ含量,并对大鼠肺组织标本进行显微结构观测和超微结构观察。结果：低氧组大鼠肺动脉平均压明显高于对照组,其血浆ＮＯ间接含量明显低于对照组（３．５±１．２）μｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１ｖｓ（４．８±０．４）μｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１,Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺内血管内皮生长因子表达的变化

为了解低氧对肺内血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）基因表达的影响及ＶＥＧＦ在肺动脉高压发生中的作用，以常压低氧建立大鼠肺动脉高压模型，采用Ｅｌｉｓａ法检测大鼠肺动脉血血清ＶＥＧＦ的含量改变，以体外转录并用ＤＩＧ－ＵＴＰ标记的ＶＥＧＦｃＲＮＡ探针进行肺组织原位杂交，检测大鼠肺内ＶＥＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达的变化。结果发现：低氧３周后，大鼠形成明显的肺动脉高压；大鼠肺动脉血血清中ＶＥＧＦ含量在低氧３周组为４２０．３±７３．１ｐｇ／ｍｌ，明显高于对照组的３２２．２±５８．１ｐｇ／ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；原位杂交显示，低氧大鼠肺小动脉管壁出现明显的ＶＥＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达，说明低氧在引起肺动脉高压的同时可刺激肺小动脉管壁，使ＶＥＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达增强，导致ＶＥＧＦ的合成和分泌增加，后者可能在低氧性肺动脉高压发生过程中起一定的作用。     

BN52021对血小板活化因子引起的银屑病患者中性白细胞聚集反…

采用聚集仪测定了血小板化因子（ＰＡＦ）拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１对ＰＡＦ引起银屑病患者嗜中性白细胞（ＰＭＮ）聚集反应的影响。结果表明，ＰＡＦ对ＰＭＮ有较强的聚集作用，并呈剂量依赖关系；银屑病患者ＰＭＮ对低浓度ＰＡＦ（＜１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）聚集反应明显高于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０５），而对高浓度ＰＡＦ（＞１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）聚集反应则与正常人差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＢＮ５２０２１能明显抑制ＰＡＦ对Ｐ     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.