拉米夫定片人体生物等效性研究

目的 评价拉米夫定片在健康人体的相对生物利用度及生物等效性.方法 受试者随机、自身双交叉、单剂量口服受试制剂或参比制剂100mg,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定血药浓度,药代动力学参数采用DAS软件处理获得.结果 两种制荆峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(1160.954±282.657)ng/mL和(1090.206±311.840)ng/mL,达峰时间(Tmax)分别为(0.908±0.356)h和(0.789±0.240)h,半衰期(t1/2)分别为(3.642±1.125)h和(3.360±1.183)h.o～t药时曲线下面积(AUC0-t)分别为(3781.871±684.773)ng/(mL·h)和(3534.502±798.057)ng/(mL·h),0～∞药时曲线下面积(AUC0.05).结论 印度Zeneses Biosciences公司与葛兰素史克制药(苏州)有限公司生产的拉米夫定片均具有生物等效性.     

普伐他汀钠片人体生物等效性研究

目的 研究普伐他汀钠片的人体相对生物利用度和生物等效性.方法 采用2阶段随机交叉设计,20例男性健康受试者分别单次口服两种普伐他汀钠片20 mg,以高效液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)法测定普伐他汀及其代谢物R-416的血药浓度.以普伐他汀及其代谢物R-416浓度之和计算药动学参数.结果 受试制剂与参比制剂的血药峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(129.9±54.4)ng/mL和(139.5±61.1)ng/mL,达峰时间(Tmax)分别为(1.1+0.5)h和(0.9±0.3)h,药时曲线下面积(AUC)0-1分别为(303.6±90.4)h-ng/mL和(306.5±114.0)h·ng/mL,AUC0→inf分别为(336.8±99.8)h·ng/mL和(334.1±118.8)h·ng/mL.受试制剂的平均相对生物利用度以AUC0→t计算为(99.0±25-2)%,以AUC0→inf计算为(100.8±24.6)%.结论主要药动学参数AUC-→t、AUC0→inf及Cmax的统计学分析结果 表明,两种制剂具有生物等效性.     

头孢克洛胶囊人体药代动力学和生物等效性评价

目的考察国产头孢克洛胶囊与参比制剂在健康人体内的生物等效性。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定血浆中头孢克洛的质量浓度,通过对20名男性健康受试者单次交叉口服750 mg头孢克洛的受试制剂和参比制剂,计算其药物动力学参数及相对生物利用度。结果受试制剂和参比制剂的0～t药时曲线下面积(AUC0-t)分别为(29.460±5.731)和(30.106±5.349)μg/(mL.h),0～∞药时曲线下面积(AUC0～∞)分别为(30.327±6.128)和(30.909±5.497)μg/(mL.h),峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(20.901±4.070)和(21.067±3.422)μg/mL,达峰时间(tmax)分别为(0.900±0.462)和(0.800±0.208)h,半衰期(t1/2)分别为(0.660±0.082)和(0.666±0.070)h,受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(98.0±9.6)%。结论受试制剂头孢克洛胶囊与参比制剂生物等效。     

盐酸丙哌维林散在健康人体内的生物等效性研究

目的 评价盐酸丙哌维林在健康人体内的相对生物利用度及生物等效性.方法 受试者随机、自身双交叉、单剂量口服受试制荆和参比制剂20 mg,采用液相-质谱(LC-MS)法测定血浆中药物浓度,药代动力学参数通过DAS软件处理获得.结果 两种制剂的峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(63.47±25.46)ng/mL和(61.51±22.31)ng/mL,达峰时间(Tmax)分别为(1.7±0.7)h和(1.7±0.7)h,半衰期(t1/2)分别为(12.68±4.11)h和(12.35±3.09)h,0-tn药时曲线下面积AUC0-tn为(827.62±370.02)ng/(mL·h)和(804.76±380.73)ng/(mL·h),0-∞药时曲线下面积AUC0-∞分别为(881.77±412.22)和(848.63±409.22)ng/(mL·h);受试制剂的相时生物利用度为(111.22±37.21)%.结论 石家庄市华新制药厂研制的盐酸丙哌维林散与其生产的盐酸丙哌维林片具有生物等效性.     

那格列奈分散片的人体生物等效性研究

目的 研究两种那格列奈片剂的人体相对生物利用度,评价其生物等效性.方法 选择20名健康男性志愿者,按照两制剂两周期的随机交叉试验设计,分别单剂量口服参比制剂(普通片)和受试制剂(分散片),剂量均为120mg,采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法测定其血浆中那格列奈的质量浓度,用DAS1.0软件计算各药物代谢动力学参数并进行生物等效性统计分析.结果 受试制剂和参比制剂的主要药物代谢动力学参数,峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(9.1±1.7)μg/mL和(7.7±2.1)mg/L,达峰时间(tmax)分剐为(0.7±0.3)h和(1.9±1.1)h,0～10 h药时曲线下面积(AUC0-10)分别为(19.7±4.0)mg/(L·h)和(20.8±3.0)mg/(L·h),0～∞药时曲线下面积(AUC0-∞)分别为(20.0±4.1)μg/(mL·h)和(21.3±3.3)mg/(L·h),半衰期(t1/2)分别为(1.7±0.2)h和(1.6±0.2)h.两制剂的Cmaxtmax,AUC0-10均存在显著性差异.双单侧t检验结果表明,受试制剂Cmax的90%置信区间落在参比制剂的75%～133%范围内,AUC的90%置信区间均落在参比制剂的80%～125%范围内,相对生物利用度为(94.9±14.4)%.结论 两制剂具有生物等效性.     

国产替米沙坦分散片与进口替米沙坦片在健康志愿者中的生物等效性研究

目的在24名男性健康受试者中比较国产替米沙坦分散片与原研进口替米沙坦片的生物等效性。方法筛选24名健康男性志愿者,采用随机交叉试验设计,应用高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定血浆中替米沙坦的浓度,根据测定结果计算主要药动学参数,并以进口替米沙坦片为参比制剂,评估替米沙坦分散片的生物等效性。结果经DAS2.1.1数据统计软件计算药动学参数,受试制剂A的t1/2:(27.94±9.94)h、Cmax:(757.9±238.3)ng/mL、Tmax:(1.18±0.49)h、AUC0-t:(4423±2645)ng/(h·mL)、AUC0-∞:(4804±3146)ng/(h·mL);受试制剂B的t1/2:(25.58±8.56)h、Cmax:(763.4±283.3)ng/mL、Tmax:(1.22±0.52)h、AUC0-t:(4195±1988)ng/(h·mL)、AUC0-∞:(4437±2122)ng/(h·mL);参比制剂的t1/2:(28.98±11.66)h、Cmax:(755.6±268.2)ng/mL、Tmax:(1.15±0.51)h、AUC0-t:(4327±2039)ng/(h·mL)、AUC0-∞:(4622±2201)ng/(h·mL)。以AUC0-t计算,与参比制剂相比受试制剂A、受试制剂B中替米沙坦的相对生物利用度分别为(99.2±26.8)%、(98.3±26.4)%。结论国产替米沙坦分散片与原研进口替米沙坦片具有生物等效性。     

罗红霉素无味颗粒剂人体生物等效性研究

目的测定罗红霉素无味颗粒剂生物等效性。方法采用随机双周期、双交叉实验设计,18名健康志愿者分别单剂空腹口服罗红霉素受试和参比颗粒剂300mg,于不同时间采集血样,以高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定血浆中药物浓度,并进行生物等效性评价。结果受试和参比颗粒剂的达峰时间分别为2.00±0.34(h)和2.00±0.00(h),达峰时血中药物浓度分别为14.87±2.14(μg·mL-1)和15.18±2.90(μg·mL-1),两种制剂的消除相半衰期分别为12.57±1.30(h)和12.03±1.87(h),药时曲线下面积(AUC0→48)分别为140.26±26.47μg/(mL·h)和146.11±29.93μg/(mL·h),(AUC0→∞)分别为152.74±27.66μg/(mL·h)和157.11±33.51μg/(mL·h)。将主要药动学参数经方差分析、双单侧t检验、90%置信区间分析表明结果差异无统计学意义。结论罗红霉素受试颗粒剂与参比颗粒剂具生物等效性。     

健康志愿者口服氨氯地平片的药代动力学和生物等效性研究

目的:研究氨氯地平进口片和国产片在健康志愿者体内的药代动力学及相对生物利用度.方法:单次口服10mg氨氯地平片,用高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度,3p97程序处理数据.结果:两种制剂降压平稳,72 h内均有降压作用.受试制剂和参比制剂的主要药代动力学参数,峰时间(Tmax)分别为(5.22±1.70),(5.89±1.28)h;峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(6.98±1.30),(6.95±1.15)ng/mL;消除半衰期[T1/2(he)]分别为(38.02±7.30),(41.03±11.62)h;药时曲线下面积(AUC0-72)分别为(244.96±55.80),(243.68±46.87)ng·h/mL;氨氯地平国产片的相对生物利用度平均为(100.7±12.5)%.结论:两种制剂生物等效.     

非那雄胺片的药物动力学和人体相对生物利用度

20名健康男性志愿者交叉口服非那雄胺的受试制剂与参比制剂,采用LC-MS法测定血浆中的非那雄胺.单剂量口服受试或参比制剂10 mg后,Cmax分别为(94.15±18.71)和(99.13±20.10)ng/ml;tmax分别为(2.2±0.7)和(2.4±0.9)h;t1/2分别为(43±0.7)和(4.2±1.1)h;AUC0～24h分别为(614.57±129.11)和(627.65±145.40)ng·h·ml-1;AUC0～∞分别为(631.94±136.97)和(646.20±150.63)ng·h·ml-1;受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(100.2±18.4)%.经方差分析和双单侧t检验,两种片剂具有生物等效性.     

两种枸橼酸坦度螺酮制剂的人体生物等效性

目的研究枸橼酸坦度螺酮胶囊和片剂在健康志愿受试者中的药动学和人体生物等效性。方法 20例男性受试者交叉单剂量(10 mg)口服受试制剂枸橼酸坦度螺酮胶囊和参比制剂枸橼酸坦度螺酮片,用高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度。主要药动学参数峰浓度(Cmax)、平均血药浓度-时间曲线下面积(AUC0-12、AUC0-∞)对数转换后经方差分析,双向单侧t检验和[1-2α]%置信区间评价两制剂的生物等效性。结果受试制剂和参比制剂主要药动学参数:达峰时间(tmax)分别为(0.81±0.16)与(0.87±0.10)h,Cmax分别为(1.66±0.32)与(1.71±0.29)μg·mL-1,AUC0-12分别为(14.56±3.95)与(14.82±3.66)μg·mL-1.h,AUC0-∞分别为(15.05±3.90)与(15.31±3.61)μg·mL-1.h,半衰期(t1/2)分别为(1.24±0.21)与(1.29±0.17)h。与参比制剂相比,受试制剂相对生物利用度为(102.6±5.8)%。结论两种枸橼酸坦度螺酮制剂具有生物等效性。     

非那雄胺2种片剂的药动学和相对生物利用度比较

目的 :比较非那雄胺 2种片剂在健康受试者体内的药动学和相对生物利用度。方法 :2 0名男性健康受试者随机交叉口服非那雄胺受试片与参比片 ,剂量均为 5mg ,采用液相色谱 质谱联用技术测定血浆中非那雄胺浓度。结果 :非那雄胺受试片和参比片的主要药动学参数Cmax为 (5 0±s 11)和 (5 3± 12 ) μg·L- 1,Tmax为 (2 .4± 0 .8)和 (2 .3± 0 .8)h ,T1/2 为 (6 .2± 0 .9)和 (6 .4± 0 .7)h ,AUC0 2 4 为 (317± 91)和 (30 7± 86 ) μg·h·L- 1。非那雄胺受试片对参比片的相对生物利用度为 (10 4± 14 ) %。结论 :双单侧t检验显示 2种片剂生物等效     

加替沙星分散片生物等效性研究

目的研究加替沙星分散片在健康志愿者体内的药物动力学特征及相对生物利用度。方法采用双交叉试验设计自身对照试验法,将20名健康志愿者随机分成2组,单次空服加替沙星分散片（受试制剂）或加替沙星片（参比制剂）400mg,采用高效液相色谱法测定其血药浓度。结果试验制剂和参比制剂的达峰时间（Tmax）分别为（1.813±0.949）h和（1.413±0.718）h,峰浓度（Cmax）分别为（3958.814±598.317）ng/mL和（4098.321±838.365）ng/mL,0-t药时曲线下面积（AUC0-t）分别为（42330.694±5478.929）ng·h/mL和（42927.761±5237.192）ng·h/mL。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为（98.9±8.9）%。结论受试制剂加替沙星分散片与参比制剂生物等效。     

吲达帕胺控释片在Beagle犬体内的药动学和相对生物利用度

目的:研究健康Beagle犬口服吲达帕胺控释片的药动学和相对生物利用度。方法:采用两制剂、双周期交叉试验设计,用HPLC-MS法测定6只健康Beagle犬单次口服1.5 mg受试制剂(吲达帕胺控释片)和参比制剂(市售吲达帕胺缓释片)后血浆中吲达帕胺浓度,并绘制血药浓度-时间曲线;用统计分析软件计算药动学参数,进而计算相对生物利用度。结果:受试犬服用受试制剂和参比制剂后药时曲线相似,血浆中吲达帕胺的t1/2分别为(11.71±1.69)和(11.87±1.72)h;Cmax分别为(87.17±22.03)和(87.64±24.24)μg.L-1;Tmax分别为(6.67±0.52)和(6.83±0.75)h;AUC0~48 h分别为(1 200.31±577.16)和(1 162.53±463.85)μg.h.L-1;AUC0~∞分别为(1 276.73±619.22)和(1 250.20±507.63)μg.h.L-1。以AUC0~48 h计算,受试制剂的相对生物利用度F为(101.0±17.7)%。结论:吲达帕胺控释片具有与市售缓释片相似的缓释效果,主要药动学参数无显著差异,两个制剂生物利用度接近。     

非那雄胺2种片剂的人体生物等效性研究

目的 :研究 2种非那雄胺片的药动学和相对生物利用度 ,评价其生物等效性。方法 :采用随机交叉试验设计 ,2 2名健康男性志愿受试者单剂量口服 4 0mg受试品和参比品 ,以RP -HPLC法测定血药浓度。结果 :受试品和参比品的药动学参数分别AUC0 2 4 为 (15 97±s 6 10 ) μg·h·L- 1和 (15 6 9± 6 2 9)μg·h·L- 1,AUC0 ∞ 为 (16 80± 6 0 7) μg·h·L- 1和(16 75± 6 2 8) μg·h·L- 1,Tmax 为 (2 .4± 0 .3)h和(2 .3± 0 .3)h ,Cmax为 (2 80± 112 ) μg·L- 1和 (2 84±110 ) μg·L- 1,T1/ 2 分别为 (2 .9± 0 .8)h和 (3.3±1.0 )h。以进口分装非那雄胺 (商品名保列治 )片为参比制剂 ,非那雄胺片生物利用度F0 2 4 为 (10 3±18) % ,F0 ∞ 为 (10 1± 16 ) %。结论 :方差分析及双单侧t检验表明 ,2种制剂具有生物等效性。     

Bioequivalence study of finasteride. Determination in human plasma by high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry

Two different finasteride (CAS 98319-26-7) tablet formulations were evaluated for their relative bioavailability (Flaxin tablets 5 mg, as the test formulation vs reference formulation, tablets 5 mg) in 23 healthy male volunteers who received a single 5 mg oral dose of each preparation. The study was open, randomized with a two-period crossover design and a 7-day washout period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 48-h interval. The finasteride concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The analytical method developed has a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.50 ng/ml in plasma. For the quality control the measured concentration was 2.05 +/- 0.14 ng/ml (mean +/- SD, n = 30) with a precision of 6.9% and an accuracy of 2.55% at a concentration of the starting solution of 2.00 ng/ml, while with 20.00 ng/ml starting solution the measured concentrations were 20 +/- 0.80 ng/ml (n = 30) with a precision of 3.81% and an accuracy of 0.09%. From the plasma finasteride concentration vs time curves the following pharmacokinetics parameters were obtained: AUC0-48, AUC0-infinity, Cmax, Cmax/AUC0-48, Ke, elimination half-life and tmax. Geometric mean test/reference formulations individual percent ratio was 95.71 for AUC0-48 h and 88.70% for Cmax. The 90% confidence interval for the geometric mean of the individual ratio test/reference formulations was 95.70-120.20% for AUC0-48 h, 94.60-121.30 for AUC0-infinity and 88.70-108% for Cmax. Since for both Cmax or AUC the 90% Cl values are within the interval proposed by the Food and Drug Administration, the test formulation is bioequivalent to the reference formulation for both the rate and extent of absorption after single dose administration.     

泮托拉唑钠肠溶片在中国男性健康志愿者体内的药动学和相对生物利用度研究

目的:研究泮托拉唑钠肠溶试验片与参比片的药代动力学与相对生物利用度。方法:20名男性健康志愿者单剂量口服泮托拉唑钠试验和参比制剂各40mg;采用反相高效液相色谱法测定其血药浓度。用DAS软件计算药代动力学参数,考察其生物等效性。结果:泮托拉唑钠肠溶片在人体的药动学行为符合二房室开放模型,试验片与参比片的主要药代动力学参数:Tmax分别为(3.18±0.54)和(3.30±0.47)h;Cmax分别为(2.98±0.83)和(2.91±0.87)mg·L-1;T12分别为(1.86±0.41)和(1.72±0.48)h;AUC0-t分别为(9.51±3.71)和(9.77±4.55)mg·h·L-1;相对生物利用度为(102.3±19.6)%。结论:泮托拉唑钠肠溶片两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

In-vivo Evaluation in Man of a Hydrophilic Matrix Containing Propylthiouracil

To reduce the number of administrations of propylthiouracil required to treat hyperthyroidism, the bioavailability and sustained-release characteristics of 300 mg propylthiouracil formulated in hydrophilic matrix tablets were evaluated after single oral administration in healthy male volunteers. A conventional tablet was chosen as the reference formulation. For tablets formulated from three different types of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, K15M, K4M and K100LV, propylthiouracil dissolution in-vitro was 40%, 51% and 100%, respectively, in 8 h. The three matrix formulations showed sustained plasma concentration-time profiles. The relative bioavailability was 50, 51 and 87%, respectively, for K4M, K15M and K.100LV hydroxypropylmethylcellulose matrix tablets. When reverse triiodothyronine concentrations were plotted against the corresponding propylthiouracil concentrations, an antihysteresis loop was observed with the conventional tablets and the K100LV matrix tablet. A linear concentration-response curve was obtained for both the K4M and K15M formulations. The results showed that the K100LV matrix tablet gave a sustained plasma concentration-time profile and a bioavailability and extrathyroidal effect similar to that of a conventional tablet.     

非那雄胺颗粒在健康人体的生物等效性研究

目的：研究2种非那雄胺制剂在健康人体的生物等效性。方法：采用双周期自身交叉随机试验设计,22名健康男性志愿者单剂量口服非那雄胺颗粒（试验制剂）或非那雄胺片（参比制剂）5mg,分别于给药前及给药后0．25,0．5,1,1．5,2,3,4,6,8,12,24,36,48h采集血样,血浆样品采用高效液相色谱-质谱-质谱测定,计算两者的药物动力学参数,进行生物等效性评价。结果：非那雄胺血药浓度在1～100μg·L^-1范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9981）,最低定量浓度为1μg·L^-1,日内及日间RSD〈15％;服用试验制剂或参比制剂后血浆中非那雄胺的Cmax分别为（39．36±6．18）和（43．86±11．95）μg·L^-1;tmax分别为（2．02±0．70）和（1．82±0．85）h;t1/2分别为（7．35±3．80）和（6．67±2．75）h;AUC0-∞。分别为（398．92±170．92）和（389．41±160．55）μg·h·L^-1;AUC0-d分别（367．84±137．08）和（367．65±155．40）μg·h·L^-1;试验制剂非那雄胺的相对生物利用度R0-t、R0-∞分别为（105．17±29．84）％和（106．35±29．48）％。结论：试验制剂和参比制剂具有生物等效性。     

Bioequivalence study of two formulations of simvastatin tablets in healthy Thai volunteers

The bioequivalence of two formulations of 10 mg tablets of simvastatin (CAS 79902-63-9), Vascor as test and a commercially available preparation as reference, in 18 healthy Thai male volunteers was assessed. In a randomized, single dose, two-period, crossover study design with a 1-week wash-out period, each subject received 4 tablets of 10-mg simvastatin tablets. Plasma samples were collected over a 24-h period after administration. Subsequently, plasma concentrations of simvastatin and its hydroxy acid metabolite were analyzed by using LC/ MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by using non-compartmental analysis. The results showed that 90% confidence intervals of the peak concentration (Cmax) and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of simvastatin and its hydroxy acid metabolite of reference and test were within 80 %-125%. Consequently the bioequivalence of these two preparations can be concluded.     

An improved HPLC method for determination of nifuratel in human plasma and its application to pharmacokinetics studies.

A rapid, simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established for the quantification of nifuratel in human plasma and applied to a study of its pharmacokinetics. A test and a reference formulation were investigated and compared, and the study group consisted of 24 healthy male volunteers. The analytical technique was based on a single extraction of the drug from the plasma with chloroform, using ornidazole as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic system consisted of a 5-microm 4.6 mmX250 mm C18 analytical column and the mobile phase consisted of methanol and purified water (45:55, v/v). Nifuratel and ornidazole concentrations were detected by ultraviolet (UV) absorbance at a wavelength of 254 nm. The lower limit of detection and quantification was 0.5 ng ml(-1), and the calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of 0.5-160 ng ml(-1) nifuratel in the plasma. The results showed that the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), time to maximum observed plasma concentration (Tmax), maximum concentration reached in the concentration profile (Cmax), and elimination half-life (t1/2) between the test tablets and the reference tablets demonstrated no significant difference (P>0.05). The relative bioavailability amounted to 103.13% +/-8.73%.