地高辛素标记HBV—DNA探针的临床应用

应用地高辛素标记HBV－DNA探针进行斑点杂交，检测130例慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBV－DNA结果表明，HBsAg、HBeAg、抗HBc同时阳性者，HBV－DNA检出率为96％；HBsAg、抗He同时阳性者HBV－DNA检出率为505；HBsAg、抗HBc同时阳性者HBV－DNA检出率为60％；在6例抗HBs、抗HBC同时阳性血清中，发现1例为HBV－DNA阳性，认为，随着HBV－DNA检测方法学的改进，敏感性的提高，对原有HBV血清免疫学标志应有新的认识。     

HBV感染常见血清学模式分析

目的 探讨乙型肝炎感染常见血清学模式出现的概率及与肝脏疾病的关系.方法 采用酶联免疫一步法对4 516例肝脏疾病患者进行检查.结果 HBV感染标志物检出率为73.2%,5项血清学指标中抗-HBc的检出率最高,模式以HBsAg、HBeAb和抗-HBc 3项同时阳性(小三阳)为多见,占51.4%;HBsAg和抗-HBc同时阳性次之,占31.7%;HBsAg、HBeAg和HBcAb三者同时阳性(大三阳)占21.5%.在小三阳中又以肝癌的检出率为最高(占45.7%),急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝脓肿的检出率分别为26.3%、23.8%、22.9%和13.4%.此外HBsAg和抗-HBc同时阳性在肝癌患者中多见(占18.6%),在肝硬化中也较多见(占10.6%),大三阳以急性肝炎为最多见(占16.2%);约25.1%的患者5项血清学指标均为阴性.结论 乙型肝炎感染常见血清学模式中抗-HBc的检出率最高,模式以HBsAg、HBeAb和抗-HBc 3项同时阳性(小三阳)为多见,HBsAg和抗-HBc同时阳性次之,HBsAg、HBeAg和HBcAb三者同时阳性(大三阳)再次之,这3种模式与肝癌、慢性肝炎、肝硬化、急性肝炎有一定关系.     

550例HBV感染的血清学标志的临床意义

为了了解HBV感染的血清学标志的临床意义,我们检测了不同类型的乙型肝炎550例(男性356例,女性194例)。HBsAg和抗—HBs分别用RPHA法和PHA法;HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc用ELISA法。HBsAg阳性率为99.1％,抗—HBc82.7％,HBeAg49.2％,抗—HBe16.1％,抗—HBs3.8％。550例中127例检测了DNAP,阳性率为46.4％。HBeAg检出率随着HBsAg滴度的增高而增加。65例HBeAg阳性血清有41例(63％)DNAP阳性。我们的研究结果提示,各型乙肝检测血清学标志对于鉴别诊断有重要意义。     

316例HBV感染者血清标志物与HBV-DNA关系分析

目的了解乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者不同血清标志组合与乙肝病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)的关系。方法对316例HBV感染者血清同时进行ELISA方法测定血清学标志物和PCR法检测HBV-DNA。结果HBsAg(+)HBeAg(+)抗-HBc(+)组,HBV-DNA阳性率为98.59%。HBsAg(+)抗-HBe(+)抗-HBc(+)组阳性率为36.84%,HBsAg(+)抗-HBc(+)组阳性率为29.66%,而在HBsAg(-)组中阳性率为5.88%(2/34)。结论必须把血清标志物与HBV-DNA结合分析,才能更准确地判断肝脏中HBV-DNA复制及有无传染性。     

肝硬化病人HBV血清学标记检测的临床意义

本文报告160例临床确诊的肝硬化病人采用ELISA法检测多项HBV血清学标记,结果抗-HBc、HBsAg阳性率分别为75％及71.9％,检测结果中特别有意义的是有较高的抗-HBe阳性率(50％),表明病人多感染时间已较长。抗-HBcIgM、PHSAR、HBeAg阳性率分别为25％、21.1％及16％,提示尚有相当一部分病人仍存在有病毒复制和传染性。将肝硬化病人和同期的急、慢肝病人相比较更表明我国肝硬化病人的发生主要和慢性HBV感染有关,并有进一步发展为肝细胞癌的可能。     

106例原发性肝癌患者血清HBV感染状况与AFP结果分析

目的 分析原发性肝癌(PHC)患者乙肝病毒感染状况与血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)结果的关系.方法 应用化学发光法测定106例PHC患者乙肝病毒标志物(HBVM)及AFP水平.结果 106例PHC患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染模式分析中,HBV感染95例,其中感染模式HBsAg、抗HBe、抗HBc 3项阳性(小三阳)为54例,HBsAg、HBeAg、抗HBc 3项阳性(大三阳)25例,单纯HBsAg阳性8例.106例PHC患者中,HBVM阳性者AFP升高比例明显高于HBVM阴性者(P<0.01).结论 HBV是原发性肝癌发生的重要病因,在PHC患者中AFP升高与HBV感染有关.     

不同临床类型乙型肝炎患者HBV血清标志物与HBV DNA含量关系的研究

目的探讨不同临床类型乙型肝炎患者HBV血清标志物及HBV DNA含量关系,为乙肝防治提供依据。方法 306例乙肝患者中,慢性肝炎104例、肝硬化126例、肝癌76例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清HBV标志物(HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc),用荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)检测HBV DNA,分析两者的关系。结果 306例患者小三阳(HBsAg阳性、抗-HBe阳性、抗-HBc阳性)检出率为47.06%(144/306),大三阳(HBsAg阳性、HBeAg阳性、抗-HBc阳性)检出率为20.26%(62/306);慢性肝炎组大三阳检出率、HBV DNA含量均高于肝硬化组、肝癌组(P均0.01);慢性肝炎组小三阳检出率均低于肝硬化组、肝癌组(P均0.01)。62例大三阳组患者HBV DNA含量高于144例小三阳组患者(P0.05)。结论慢性肝炎患者HBV血清标志物以大三阳表现为主,肝硬化、肝癌患者以小三阳表现为主,慢性肝炎患者HBV DNA含量高于肝硬化、肝癌患者,HBV血清标志物及HBV DNA联合检测对乙型肝炎患者的临床诊断及治疗具有重要意义。     

抗—HBc（临）列入供血者HBV感染筛检项目的探讨

目的：为了更有效地消除输血后乙型肝炎（PT—HB）,探讨增加HBV感染筛检项目。方法：将200例HBsAg阴性供血者进行抗一HBs、HBeAg、抗—HBe,抗—HBc及HBV—DNA检测,其中抗—HBc分抗—HBc（流）和抗—HBc（临）两种检测方法、结果：6例（3％）为抗—HBc（临）阳性。其中1例为HBsAg出现前带现象,HBeAg和HBV—DNA均阳性。结论：抗—HBc（临）作为HBV感染的筛检项目是必要的,可行的。     

94名大学生HBV感染标记的调查

本文调查了94名大学生HBV感染标记.各项标记的阳性率分别为HBsAg13.83%,抗—HBs18.09% 、HBeAg8.51%,抗—HBc5.32%,抗—HBe全部阴性.有一项以上标记阳性者总计32人,阳性率34.04%.文中对HBsAg和抗—HBs同时阳性及HBeAg单项阳性问题进行了讨论.     

新疆肝病患者HDV、HBV感染的免疫组化研究

作者以直接酶标法及过氧化物酶-抗过氧化物酶法(PAP法)对145例新疆各类肝病患者的肝组织进行HDV、HBV感染的免疫组化研究,各类标本中,HBsAg及HBcAg的合计检出率为39.3％,HDAg在HBV血清学标记阳性患者肝组织中的检出率为3.5％。胞浆型HBcAg表达多见于肝组织病变明显区域,HDAg在肝炎后肝硬化组的检出率明显高于HBV感染非肝硬化组(P<0.025),提示肝炎后肝硬化与HDV感染有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.