影响居家癌痛患者延续治疗的因素分析

疼痛是晚期癌症患者最常见、也是最难以忍受的症状之一,随着世界卫生组织（WHO）“免除疼痛是患者的基本权利”的口号提出,医务人员已经越来越关注疼痛给患者造成的痛苦。随着医院癌痛治疗的规范化,患者在住院治疗期间疼痛都能得到有效缓解,但返家后患者因不易得到医学专业人士的指导,使得疼痛治疗疗效明显减低。本文就出院患者后续延伸疼痛治疗,提出了延伸性干预治疗理念,强调止痛治疗出院后也需重视,通过探讨出院后影响疼痛治疗的相关因素和对策,为居家癌痛治疗疗效及生活质量提高提供依据,提高患者生活质量。     

Cost-Effectiveness of Providing the Depression Care for People With Cancer Program to Patients With Prostate Cancer in the United States

ObjectivesThe Depression Care for People with Cancer program (DCPC) is a cost-effective depression care model for UK patients with cancer. However, DCPC’s cost-effectiveness in the United States is unknown, particularly for patients with prostate cancer in the United States. This study evaluates the health and economic impact of providing DCPC to patients with prostate cancer.MethodsDCPC was compared with usual care in a mathematical model that simulates depression and its outcomes in a hypothetical cohort of US patients with prostate cancer. DCPC was modeled as a sequential combination of universal depression screening, post-screening evaluations, and first-line combination therapy. Primary outcomes were lifetime direct costs of depression care, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Secondary outcomes included life expectancy, number of depression-free months and lifetime depressive episodes, duration of depressive episodes, cumulative incidence of depression, lifetime depression diagnoses/misdiagnoses, and the cumulative incidence of maintenance therapy for depression. Sensitivity analyses were used to examine uncertainty.ResultsIn the base case, DCPC dominated usual care by offering 0.11 more QALYs for $2500 less per patient (from averted misdiagnoses). DCPC also offered 5 extra depression-free months, shorter depressive episodes, and a lower chance of maintenance therapy. DCPC’s trade-offs were a higher cumulative incidence of depression and more lifetime depressive episodes. Life expectancy was identical under usual care and DCPC. Sensitivity analyses indicate that DCPC was almost always preferable to usual care.ConclusionCompared with usual care, DCPC may offer more value to US patients with prostate cancer. DCPC should be considered for inclusion in prostate cancer survivorship care guidelines.     

Cost-Effectiveness Modeling of Surgery Plus Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Versus Primary Endocrine Therapy Alone in UK Women Aged 70 and Over With Early Breast Cancer

ObjectivesApproximately 20% of UK women aged 70+ with early breast cancer receive primary endocrine therapy (PET) instead of surgery. PET reduces surgical morbidity but with some survival decrement. To complement and utilize a treatment dependent prognostic model, we investigated the cost-effectiveness of surgery plus adjuvant therapies versus PET for women with varying health and fitness, identifying subgroups for which each treatment is cost-effective.MethodsSurvival outcomes from a statistical model, and published data on recurrence, were combined with data from a large, multicenter, prospective cohort study of over 3400 UK women aged 70+ with early breast cancer and median 52-month follow-up, to populate a probabilistic economic model. This model evaluated the cost-effectiveness of surgery plus adjuvant therapies relative to PET for 24 illustrative subgroups: Age {70, 80, 90} × Nodal status {FALSE (F), TRUE (T)} × Comorbidity score {0, 1, 2, 3+}.ResultsFor a 70-year-old with no lymph node involvement and no comorbidities (70, F, 0), surgery plus adjuvant therapies was cheaper and more effective than PET. For other subgroups, surgery plus adjuvant therapies was more effective but more expensive. Surgery plus adjuvant therapies was not cost-effective for 4 of the 24 subgroups: (90, F, 2), (90, F, 3), (90, T, 2), (90, T, 3).ConclusionFrom a UK perspective, surgery plus adjuvant therapies is clinically effective and cost-effective for most women aged 70+ with early breast cancer. Cost-effectiveness reduces with age and comorbidities, and for women over 90 with multiple comorbidities, there is little cost benefit and a negative impact on quality of life.     

Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact of Future Developments With Whole-Genome Sequencing for Patients With Lung Cancer

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness, budget impact (BI), and impact of uncertainty of future developments concerning whole-genome sequencing (WGS) as a clinical diagnostic test compared with standard of care (SoC) in patients with locally advanced and metastatic non–small cell lung cancer.MethodsA total of 3 likely scenarios to take place within 5 years (according to experts) were simulated using a previously developed, peer reviewed, and published decision model. The scenarios concerned “WGS results used for treatment selection” (scenario 1), “WGS-based biomarker for immunotherapy” (scenario 2), and “off-label drug approval for WGS results” (scenario 3). Two diagnostic strategies of the original model, “SoC” and “WGS as a diagnostic test” (base model), were used to compare our scenarios with. Outcomes were reported for the base model, all scenarios separately, combined (combined unweighted), and weighted by likelihood (combined weighted). Cost-effectiveness, BI, and value of information analyses were performed for WGS compared with SoC.ResultsTotal costs and quality-adjusted life-years for SoC in metastatic non–small cell lung cancer were €149 698 and 1.235. Incremental outcomes of WGS were €1529/0.002(base model), ?€222/0.020(scenario 1), ?€2576/0.023(scenario 2), €388/0.024(scenario 3), ?€5041/0.060(combined unweighted), and ?€1715/0.029(combined weighted). The annual BI for adopting WGS for this population in The Netherlands ranged between €682 million (combined unweighted) and €714 million (base model). The consequences of uncertainty amounted to €3.4 million for all scenarios (combined weighted) and to €699 000 for the diagnostic yield of WGS alone (combined weighted).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that it is likely for WGS to become cost-effective within the near future if it identifies more patients with actionable targets and show the impact of uncertainty regarding its diagnostic yield. Modeling future scenarios can be useful to consider early adoption of WGS while timely anticipating on unforeseen developments before final conclusions are reached.     

钴治疗机旋转照射治疗中段食管癌的技术研究

本文对钴治疗机旋转照射治疗中段食管癌的技术进行了研究分析，结果表明旋转照射不仅技术上可行，而且较固定照射具有剂量分布均匀、治疗效果好的特点。     

A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Sensor-Augmented Insulin Pump Therapy and Automated Insulin Suspension versus Standard Pump Therapy for Hypoglycemic Unaware Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

ObjectiveTo assess the cost-effectiveness of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy with “Low Glucose Suspend” (LGS) functionality versus standard pump therapy with self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 1 diabetes who have impaired awareness of hypoglycemia.MethodsA clinical trial–based economic evaluation was performed in which the net costs and effectiveness of the two treatment modalities were calculated and expressed as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). The clinical outcome of interest for the evaluation was the rate of severe hypoglycemia in each arm of the LGS study. Quality-of-life utility scores were calculated using the three-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire. Resource use costs were estimated using public sources.ResultsAfter 6 months, the use of sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy with LGS significantly reduced the incidence of severe hypoglycemia compared with standard pump therapy (incident rate difference 1.85 [0.17–3.53]; P = 0.037). Based on a primary randomized study, the ICER per severe hypoglycemic event avoided was $18,257 for all patients and $14,944 for those aged 12 years and older. Including all major medical resource costs (e.g., hospital admissions), the ICERs were $17,602 and $14,289, respectively. Over the 6-month period, the cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained was $40,803 for patients aged 12 years and older.ConclusionsBased on the Australian experience evaluating new interventions across a broad range of therapeutic areas, sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy with LGS may be considered a cost-effective alternative to standard pump therapy with self-monitoring of blood glucose in hypoglycemia unaware patients with type 1 diabetes.     

Comparison of Alternative Methods to Assess the Cost-Effectiveness of Tumor-Agnostic Therapies: A Triangulation Approach Using Larotrectinib as a Case Study

ObjectivesThe study objective was to investigate the economic value of tumor-agnostic therapies when only single-arm effectiveness data are available at launch by applying multiple methodologies to establish comparative effectiveness.MethodsIn the absence of direct comparative data, 3 methods were used to estimate the counterfactual: (1) a historical control based on a systematic literature review for each tumor site from the larotrectinib trials, (2) an intracohort comparison using the previous line of therapy time to progression from larotrectinib trials, and (3) a nonresponder control that applied outcomes for larotrectinib nonresponders. Cost-effectiveness was modeled using the partitioned survival approach. Stochastic parameter uncertainty was assessed in a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA). A triangulated estimate of the mean cost-effectiveness result was generated combining all 3 counterfactual estimates.ResultsIncremental cost-effectiveness ratios were similar across the 3 methodologies in the deterministic analysis ranging from £83 868 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] £65 698-£107 668) to £104 922 per quality-adjusted life-year (95% UI £80 132-£139 658). PSA results for each method substantially overlapped when plotted on the cost-effectiveness plane. Weighting PSA results for each method equally in the triangulation method produced an incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of £95 587 per quality-adjusted life-year gained (95% UI £70 449-£137 431).ConclusionsIn the absence of direct comparative data, different methods of estimating a counterfactual are possible, each with strengths and limitations. Triangulating results across the methods provides a composite view of the total uncertainty and a more consistent estimation of the cost-effectiveness of the tumor-agnostic intervention compared with choosing a single method.     

头颈肿瘤放射治疗后口干症的临床分析

目的：探讨放射治疗头颈肿瘤后产生口干症的影响因素。方法：对2005年8月～2006年1月收治的头颈肿瘤82例，在放疗期间每周末询问患者的口干情况，根据结果分析口干症的严重程度及影响。结果：当患者所接受放射剂量逐增时，口干症的发生率有非常显著的差异（x^2=26．24，P〈0．001）；年龄低于40岁组口干症的发生率与40岁以上组比较无明显差异（x^2=0.026，P〉0．05）。结论：头颈肿瘤放射治疗后可以发生口干症，与患者所受放射总剂量有关：而当患者接受高剂量照射时，患者年龄对口干症的发生率影响不大。放疗期间应尽可能降低或延迟口干症的发生．保证放疗质量。     

Cost-Effectiveness of Ivacaftor Therapy for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis Patients With the G551D Gating Mutation

ObjectivesCystic fibrosis (CF) is a rare genetic disease with no cure. Until recently, treatment has targeted symptoms of the disease and not the disease-causing genetic defect. Ivacaftor is included in a new class of breakthrough drugs targeting the genetic defects of CF. We sought to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of ivacaftor from a US payer perspective.MethodsWe developed an individual-level microsimulation model that followed a cohort of heterogeneous US CF patients over a lifetime. The primary outcome of interest was quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). We also compared unadjusted life years, count of acute pulmonary exacerbations, and count of lung transplants over a lifetime between patients treated with ivacaftor plus best supportive care and patients treated with best supportive care alone. We conducted one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses to test the impact of various model inputs and uncertainties.ResultsWe found a substantial increase in QALYs, life years, and treatment costs over a lifetime for patients treated with ivacaftor plus best supportive care versus best supportive care alone. Discounted results for ivacaftor were 22.92 QALYs and $8 797 840 in total lifetime costs compared to 16.12 QALYs and $2 336 366 lifetime costs for best supportive care alone. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were $950 217 per QALY. Results from the probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated a 0% chance that ivacaftor was cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $500 000 per QALY.ConclusionsTreatment with ivacaftor plus best supportive care versus best supportive care alone is not cost-effective at or near commonly accepted WTP thresholds.     

Soy Isoflavones in Conjunction With Radiation Therapy in Patients With Prostate Cancer

Soy isoflavones sensitize prostate cancer cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting cell survival pathways activated by radiation. At the same time, soy isoflavones have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which may help prevent the side effects of radiation. Therefore, we hypothesized that soy isoflavones could be useful when given in conjunction with curative radiation therapy in patients with localized prostate cancer. In addition to enhancing the efficacy of radiation therapy, soy isoflavones could prevent the adverse effects of radiation. We conducted a pilot study to investigate the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on acute and subacute toxicity (≤6 mo) of external beam radiation therapy in patients with localized prostate cancer. Forty-two patients with prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive 200 mg soy isoflavone (Group 1) or placebo (Group 2) daily for 6 mo beginning with the first day of radiation therapy, which was administered in 1.8 to 2.5 Gy fractions for a total of 73.8 to 77.5 Gy. Adverse effects of radiation therapy on bladder, bowel, and sexual function were assessed by a self-administered quality of life questionnaire at 3 and 6 mo. Only 26 and 27 patients returned completed questionnaires at 3 and 6 mo, respectively. At each time point, urinary, bowel, and sexual adverse symptoms induced by radiation therapy were decreased in the soy isoflavone group compared to placebo group. At 3 mo, soy-treated patients had less urinary incontinence, less urgency, and better erectile function as compared to the placebo group. At 6 mo, the symptoms in soy-treated patients were further improved as compared to the placebo group. These patients had less dripping/leakage of urine (7.7% in Group 1 vs. 28.4% in Group 2), less rectal cramping/diarrhea (7.7% vs. 21.4%), and less pain with bowel movements (0% vs. 14.8%) than placebo-treated patients. There was also a higher overall ability to have erections (77% vs. 57.1%). The results suggest that soy isoflavones taken in conjunction with radiation therapy could reduce the urinary, intestinal, and sexual adverse effects in patients with prostate cancer.     

食管癌放射治疗加光动力疗法长期生存分析

目的　评价放射治疗合并光动力疗法对中晚期食管癌的临床长期疗效。方法　 1991年 10月至 1992年 12月 ,60例中晚期食管鳞癌被随机分为两组。对照组 :3 0例 ,常规体外放射治疗DT60 -66Gy/6-7周 ;综合组 3 0例 ,体外放射治疗同对照组 ,当DT40Gy/4周时加用光动力疗法 (PDT)。血卟啉衍生物 (HpD)按 5mg/Kg的剂量静脉滴注 ,48h、72h后在胃镜直视下对食管病变部位分段各行一次光照。波长为 63 0nm的红光 ,输出功率 40 0～ 5 0 0mW /cm2 ,每段光照时间 15min。结果　全部病人随访满 10年 ,60例中失访 3例 ,随访率 95 0 %。对照组和综合组 5年生存率分别为 16 7%、2 9 9%,10年生存率分别为 10 0 %、16 7%差异有显著意义(P <0 0 5 )。结论　放射治疗加光动力疗法优于单纯放射治疗 ,可明显提高中晚期食管癌的长期生存率     

乳腺癌相关治疗导致妇科并发症的研究进展

女性乳腺癌患者的相关治疗包括三苯氧胺(TAM)辅助内分泌治疗、术后化疗、去势治疗及激素替代治疗(HRT)等,可导致个体生殖器官,尤其是子宫内膜发生多种病理改变,临床应予以重视.TAM辅助化疗可能引起年轻女性乳腺癌患者卵巢储备功能下降,甚至闭经,应及时发现并采取相关干预措施.本研究聚焦女性乳腺癌患者相关术后治疗所致的妇科并发症及其临床监测、干预,包括其避孕、生育及哺乳等相关问题的研究进展.     

Cost-Effectiveness of RAS Genetic Testing Strategies in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

BackgroundMonoclonal antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have proved beneficial for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), particularly when combined with predictive biomarkers of response. International guidelines recommend anti-EGFR therapy only for RAS (NRAS, KRAS) wild-type tumors because tumors with RAS mutations are unlikely to benefit.ObjectivesWe aimed to review the cost-effectiveness of RAS testing in mCRC patients before anti-EGFR therapy and to assess how well economic evaluations adhere to guidelines.MethodsA systematic review of full economic evaluations comparing RAS testing with no testing was performed for articles published in English between 2000 and 2018. Study quality was assessed using the Quality of Health Economic Studies scale, and the British Medical Journal and the Philips checklists.ResultsSix economic evaluations (2 cost-effectiveness analyses, 2 cost-utility analyses, and 2 combined cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses) were included. All studies were of good quality and adopted the perspective of the healthcare system/payer; accordingly, only direct medical costs were considered. Four studies presented testing strategies with a favorable incremental cost-effectiveness ratio under the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (£20 000-£30 000/QALY) and the US ($50 000-$100 000/QALY) thresholds.ConclusionsTesting mCRC patients for RAS status and administering EGFR inhibitors only to patients with RAS wild-type tumors is a more cost-effective strategy than treating all patients without testing. The treatment of mCRC is becoming more personalized, which is essential to avoid inappropriate therapy and unnecessarily high healthcare costs. Future economic assessments should take into account other parameters that reflect the real world (eg, NRAS mutation analysis, toxicity of biological agents, genetic test sensitivity and specificity).     

Cost-Effectiveness of Tumor Genomic Profiling to Guide First-Line Targeted Therapy Selection in Patients With Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma

ObjectivesA cost-effectiveness analysis comparing comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of 10 oncogenes, targeted gene panel testing (TGPT) of 4 oncogenes, and no tumor profiling over the lifetime for patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ perspective was conducted.MethodsA decision analytic model used 10 000 hypothetical Medicare beneficiaries with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma to simulate outcomes associated with CGP (ALK, BRAF, EGFR, ERBB2, MET, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, RET, ROS1), TGPT (ALK, BRAF, EGFR, ROS1), and no tumor profiling (no genes tested). First-line targeted cancer-directed therapies were assigned if actionable gene variants were detected; otherwise, nontargeted cancer-directed therapies were assigned. Model inputs were derived from randomized trials (progression-free survival, adverse events), the Veterans Health Administration and Medicare (drug costs), published studies (nondrug cancer-related management costs, health state utilities), and published databases (actionable variant prevalences). Costs (2019 US$) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were discounted at 3% per year. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses used 1000 Monte Carlo simulations.ResultsNo tumor profiling was the least costly/person ($122 613 vs $184 063 for TGPT and $188 425 for CGP) and yielded the least QALYs/person (0.53 vs 0.73 for TGPT and 0.74 for CGP). The costs per QALY gained and corresponding 95% confidence interval were $310 735 ($278 323-$347 952) for TGPT vs no tumor profiling and $445 545 ($322 297-$572 084) for CGP vs TGPT. All probabilistic sensitivity analysis simulations for both comparisons surpassed the willingness-to-pay threshold ($150 000 per QALY gained).ConclusionCompared with no tumor profiling in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, tumor profiling (TGPT, CGP) improves quality-adjusted survival but is not cost-effective.     

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Pharmacist-Led Medication Therapy Management Program: Hypertension Management

ObjectivesUncontrolled hypertension is a common cause of cardiovascular disease, which is the deadliest and costliest chronic disease in the United States. Pharmacists are an accessible community healthcare resource and are equipped with clinical skills to improve the management of hypertension through medication therapy management (MTM). Nevertheless, current reimbursement models do not incentivize pharmacists to provide clinical services. We aim to investigate the cost-effectiveness of a pharmacist-led comprehensive MTM clinic compared with no clinic for 10-year primary prevention of stroke and cardiovascular disease events in patients with hypertension.MethodsWe built a semi-Markov model to evaluate the clinical and economic consequences of an MTM clinic compared with no MTM clinic, from the payer perspective. The model was populated with data from a recently published controlled observational study investigating the effectiveness of an MTM clinic. Methodology was guided using recommendations from the Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine, including appropriate sensitivity analyses.ResultsCompared with no MTM clinic, the MTM clinic was cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $38 798 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The incremental net monetary benefit was $993 294 considering a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 per QALY. Health-benefit benchmarks at $100 000 per QALY and $150 000 per QALY translate to a 95% and 170% increase from current reimbursement rates for MTM services.ConclusionsOur model shows current reimbursement rates for pharmacist-led MTM services may undervalue the benefit realized by US payers. New reimbursement models are needed to allow pharmacists to offer cost-effective clinical services.     

姜夏散脐疗联合耳穴埋籽对卵巢癌化疗患者恶心呕吐的效果

目的 探讨姜夏散脐疗联合耳穴埋籽对卵巢癌化疗患者胃肠道反应的防治作用.方法 2019年6月—2020年12月将150例患者随机分为对照组、脐疗组和联合组,每组各50例,对照组进行常规的止吐护理,脐疗组在对照组的基础上于化疗前1 h进行姜夏散脐疗,联合组在脐疗组的基础上于化疗当天给予耳穴贴压.比较三组患者的急性和延迟性化...     

The Cost-Effectiveness of Remdesivir for Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

ObjectivesThis study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of remdesivir, the first novel therapeutic to receive Emergency Use Authorization for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and identify key drivers of value to guide future pricing and reimbursement efforts.MethodsA Markov model evaluated the cost-effectiveness of remdesivir in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from a US healthcare sector perspective. A lifetime time horizon captured potential long-term costs and outcomes. Model outcomes included discounted total costs, life-years, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Remdesivir was modeled as an addition to standard of care and compared with standard of care alone, including dexamethasone for patients requiring respiratory support. COVID-19 hospitalizations were assumed to be reimbursed through a single payment based on the respiratory support received alongside a remdesivir carveout payment in the base case. Sensitivity and scenario analyses identified key drivers.ResultsAt a unit price of $520 per vial and assuming no survival benefit with remdesivir, the incremental cost-effectiveness was $298 200/QALY for patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 and $1 847 000/QALY for patients with mild COVID-19. Although current data do not support a survival benefit, if one was assumed, the cost-effectiveness estimate was $50 100/QALY for the moderate to severe population and $103 400/QALY for the mild population. Another key driver included the hospitalization payment structure (per diem vs bundled payment).ConclusionsWith the current evidence available, remdesivir’s price is too high to align with its expected health gains for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Results from this study provide a rationale for iterative health technology assessment.     

Incorporating Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Occupational Therapy: A Comparative Study with Patients with Low Back Pain

This paper reports on the implementation of a psychoeducational program utilizing cognitive-behavioral principles. The efficacy of this psychoeducational treatment program in modifying dysfunctional attitudes in patients with chronic low back pain was examined using a two-group pretest posttest design with a follow-up at 3 months. Thirty patients (average age = 44,37, SD = 13.71) participated in the study, with 15 in the psychoeducational treatment group and 15 in the placebo control group. These two conditions were added on to an existing eclectic inpatient pain management program. After assessment on the IPAM (The Integrated Psychosocial Assessment Model), scores were reduced to multivariate composite scores on the factors of illness behavior, depressed and negative cognitions, and acute pain strategies. Results of a group × time repeated measures analysis of variance for the three pain factors revealed a significant main effect for group(F(23,1) = 5.00, p > .04), tempered by a significant interaction between group and time on the depressed and negative pain factor(F(23,1) = 4.77, p > .04). Patients in the treatment group improved significantly over time and significantly more than the placebo control group patients at posttreatment. Results provide support for the program in increasing patients' feelings of control over their pain and the use of positive coping strategies, while reducing perceived helplessness, depression, disability, and pain intensity.     

工娱疗康复护理在恢复期精神分裂症患者中的应用

目的 研究工娱疗康复护理对精神分裂症患者在恢复期自我管理能力的影响。方法 选取2019年1—6月厦门市仙岳医院符合标准的100例住院患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各50例,对照组给予常规护理,试验组在对照组的基础上增加工娱疗康复护理。在工娱疗护理前及护理后6个月,采用护士用住院患者观察量表（nurses’ observation scale for inpatient evaluation,NOSIE）和精神分裂症患者自我管理量表（schizophrenia self-management instrument scale,SSMIS）进行评定分析。结果 试验组的社会能力、社会兴趣、个人整洁、总积极因素、病情总估计、自我效能和总分的评分高于同期对照组水平,激惹、精神病性表现、迟缓、抑郁、总消极因素评分明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 工娱疗康复护理能够提高精神分裂症患者在恢复期的自我管理能力和社会适应能力,缓解患者的精神疾病症状。     

神经电生理在持续植物状态患者脊髓电刺激疗法中的应用

目的研究与观察神经电生理在持续植物状态患者脊髓电刺激疗法中的应用效果。方法选取2016年7月-2019年2月的39例采用脊髓电刺激疗法治疗的持续植物状态患者为研究对象,将其根据Cant分级分为Ⅰ级组12例、Ⅱ级组14例及Ⅲ级组13例。比较三组的临床疗效、治疗前后的脑血流指标,并采用Spearman等级相关分析处理Cant分级与临床疗效的关系。结果Ⅰ级组的临床疗效优于Ⅲ级组,Ⅱ级组优于Ⅲ级组,Ⅰ级的脑血流改善幅度大于Ⅱ级组及Ⅲ级组,Ⅱ级组则大于Ⅲ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Spearman等级相关分析显示,Cant分级与临床疗效呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论神经电生理在持续植物状态患者脊髓电刺激疗法中的应用效果较好,对于本类治疗患者的指导与参考意义较高。