Establishing the existence of the active stomach point in the auricle utilizing radial artery tonometry

One component of Oriental medicine diagnosis utilizes the palpation of the radial pulse both for internal medicine and also to help clinicians accurately choose body acupuncture treatment points. In the mid-1980s, an attempt was made to capture diagnostic information with three pressure transducers positioned bilaterally over the radial arteries in such a fashion as to simulate classical Chinese pulse diagnosis (Yoon and Ikezono, 1986 and 1987). The results of this pilot study were subsequently difficult to replicate. In the early 1950s, Paul Nogier in Lyon, France introduced a different pulse diagnostic technique (Nogier, 1976). By touching an acupuncture needle on an active auricular acupuncture point, the radial artery wall over the styloid process changes in tone more prominently than when inactive points on the acuricle are touched. This dermal/cardiovascular reflex of pulse diagnostic technique helps, then to localize salient auricular points to treat regarding a patient's illness. Objective digitalized measurements of the Nogier radial arterial pulse wave were performed by computerized tonometry. This demonstrated that when an active stomach point in the auricle (n = 11) was detected utilizing an imperceptible electric current, the initial upstroke of the pressure wave, the pulse pressure and the peak-to-peak interval of the radial artery pulse wave all increased significantly compared to placebo point electronic detection. Thus, the existence of an active auricular point on the auricle was verified by radial artery tonometry.     

The Use of Auricular Examination for Screening Hepatic Disorders

Researches on auricular acupuncture (AA) have examined mainly its treatment effects. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy and precision of using auricular examination (AE) as a complementary diagnostic tool for screening hepatic disorders. Twenty patients suffering from liver dysfunction and 25 controls aged 18–60 years were recruited from an acute hospital. Participants were examined using three AE methods including visual inspection, electrical skin resistance measurement, and tenderness testing on the liver AA zone of both ears. Significant differences were found in visual inspection and electrical skin resistance on the AA zones between the two groups. Patients suffering from liver dysfunction tended to have at least one abnormality in skin color, appearance, presence of papules, abundance of capillary and desquamation on the ear (Relative Risk—Right ear: RR = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4, 6.2; Left: RR = 1.8, 95% CI, 1.01, 3.1). The sensitivity for visual inspection was 0.7 for both ears; specificity was 0.76 for the (R) and 0.6 for the (L) ear. The mean difference in electrical skin resistance was 4.3 MΩ (95% CI, 1.7, 6.9) for the (L) ear; 4.5 MΩ (95% CI, 1.5, 7.6) for the (R) ear. Our results suggest that malfunction of the liver appeared to be reflected by the presence of morphological changes on the liver AA zone. Visual inspection and electrical skin resistance on the liver AA zone are potentially sensitive to screen hepatic disorders.     

刺激耳穴辅助诊断的国内外研究概况

通过耳郭(或耳穴)辅助诊断病症的方法除望诊法(含染色法)、触诊法(含测温法)、压痛法(含压痕法)、电探测法外,还有多数由西医或西学中的专科医师在研究和应用的,在现有耳穴专著中尚未列入耳诊法分类的刺激耳穴辅助诊断法。本文以文献综述的方法简介了刺激耳穴配合X线造影的应用;在对胎心电子监护和胎儿生物物理象监护中的应用;及国外同行35年前开始一直在研究的心耳反射、血管自主信号和耳郭、躯体7个频率响应区诊断法,希望能对同行,特别是对耳针爱好者有所启发,并进一扩大其研究内涵。     

背俞穴埋线加耳针治疗高脂血症临床研究

目的:探讨治疗高脂血症的有效疗法.方法:将141例高脂血症患者随机分为脏腑背俞穴埋线结合耳针治疗65例(观察组)与单纯耳针治疗44例(耳针对照组)和单纯口服药物治疗32例(药物对照组)进行疗效对照观察.结果:观察组总有效率为96.9%,优于单纯耳针治疗的总有效率81.8%,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05);更优于单纯药物治疗的总有效率62.5%,差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论:背俞穴埋线结合耳针治疗高脂血症疗效较好.     

耳针疗法对糖尿病前期干预的探讨

目的：探讨耳针疗法治疗糖尿病前期的中医证治规律及作用机制。方法：通过对近10年针灸治疗糖尿病前期文献的统计,梳理其选穴规律及刺灸方法,特别是对耳针疗法进行总结,探讨耳针疗法治疗糖尿病前期的中西医学机制。结果：耳针疗法是临床常见的降糖方法,其治疗糖尿病前期疗效显著且优势独特,临床取穴以内分泌、胰、三焦、胃、脾为主,通过影响神经系统和内分泌系统达到降糖的效果。结论：耳针疗法作为针灸中常用防治糖尿病的方法,其独特的优势值得临床推广,但对糖尿病前期的治疗方案尚须完善和优化。     

A Multichannel System for Continuous Measurements of Skin Resistance and Capacitance at Acupuncture Points

Electrodermal screening (EDS) is based on three commonly held assumptions: acupuncture points (APs) have lower electrical resistance than non-APs; resistance at APs varies with health and disease; and effective acupuncture treatments are associated with normalization of resistance at APs. Although evidence confirming these assumptions is limited, EDS is frequently practiced worldwide. Researchers are also beginning to assess EDS' utility as an outcome measure in acupuncture trials. Fundamental in developing EDS as a research tool is the need for an accurate and reliable measurement. We developed an automated multichannel prototype system, the Octopus, and recorded electrical resistance and capacitance at eight skin sites in 33 healthy participants over 2 hours. The Octopus accurately measured against known resistors (within 2.5% of the mean value) and capacitors (within 10% of the mean value), and yielded repeatable readings at all eight skin sites: LR 1 (r=0.79), SP 1 (r=0.79), toe non-AP (r=0.77), LU 9 (r=0.97), PC 6 (r=0.96), wrist non-APs (r=0.97), SP 6 (r=0.96), and leg non-APs (r=0.97). Resistance at APs was significantly lower than the nearby non-APs in one out of three comparisons.     

针灸治疗周围性面瘫的研究概况

从周围性面瘫的病因及病理、辨证分型、以及毫针、电针、穴位注射、火针、艾灸、耳针治疗方法治疗面瘫做了综述。认为针灸治疗面瘫疗效较好,在选穴,及治疗时间上主张辨证取穴、尽早治疗、疗效更好,发挥了中医针灸快洁、方便的优势。存在的问题:在周围性面瘫的针灸治疗方法中进一步明确毫针、电针、耳针、艾灸、穴位注射等方法的适应症,禁忌症,整理统一标准,如:分型标准、诊断标准、治疗方案。确立临床路径是我们进一步研究的方向。     

一氧化氮介导去甲肾上腺素与经穴的皮肤低电阻特性

经脉/穴位具有皮肤低电阻特性。我们进行了3次实验,结果证明:经脉区皮肤组织的一氧化氮(NO)含量和神经一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)蛋白表达较高,外源性NO和nNOS抑制剂能够调节穴位皮肤中去甲肾上腺素(NE)的合成与释放,L-精氨酸衍生的NO复合物和NE可以调节皮肤低电阻穴位的皮肤电导。说明经穴的皮肤低电阻特性可能与NO和NE有关。     

耳穴埋针对血管性痴呆大鼠记忆障碍及β淀粉样蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨耳穴改善血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠学习记忆障碍的反应机制。方法:采用4-血管阻断(4-Vesselocclusion,4-VO)全脑缺血再灌注制备VD大鼠模型,随机分为假手术组、正常对照组、模型组、耳针组,针刺耳穴脑、肾后,做免疫组化、行为学检测、图像分析。结果:耳针能显著降低VD模型大鼠脑内顶叶皮层Aβ免疫阳性神经元的细胞数,升高其平均光密度值(P<0·05)。结论:耳针能减少或抑制Aβ的过度产生,这可能是减少了Aβ的沉积,阻止Aβ装备成有毒性的聚合体,保护神经元免受Aβ的神经毒性,从而改善VD模型大鼠学习记忆。     

食管癌耳穴特异性的临床观察

目的:初步观察食管癌患者耳廓的特异性变化.方法:按标准选取52例食管癌患者和50例健康人,通过望诊及触诊观察两组左右耳口、食道、贲门等27个耳穴的色泽、形态的变化,并使用数码相机采集耳廓皮肤颜色,配合运用CLRH -A型耳穴探测器测定这些耳穴的低电阻反应点,对所有数据采用相应的统计学方法分析.结果:观察组耳穴有多个区域出现多方面的明显变化,耳食道区出现不规则的结节或出现棕褐色或暗红色变化,肿瘤特异区Ⅱ出现点片状暗灰色或棕褐色斑等阳性反应,电阻测量显示11个耳穴出现低电阻反应点;肿瘤特异区Ⅱ与正常组相比,色差分析差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论:食管癌患者在相关耳穴会出现色泽、形态、低电阻反应等变化,耳穴具有反应食管癌的特异性.     

针刺加耳穴贴压治疗失眠疗效的系统评价

目的:评价针刺加耳穴贴压治疗失眠的疗效。方法:对针刺加耳穴贴压治疗失眠的随机对照试验(RCT)或半随机对照试验(CCT)按Cochrane协作网推荐的方法进行系统评价,并使用专用的统计分析软件RevMan4.2版进行Meta分析统计学处理。结果:8篇随机对照试验(RCT)或半随机对照试验(CCT)满足纳入标准,纳入人数范围从60人至104人,共629人,均为低质量试验。经Meta分析,纳入的8个试验结果表明了针刺加耳穴贴压治疗失眠的疗效优于对照组。结论:虽然针刺加耳穴贴压治疗失眠的疗效优于对照组,且无毒副反应,但由于纳入研究数量和质量上存在缺陷,因此开展更多高质量、内在真实性好的大规模、多中心的RCT研究非常必要。     

Bioelectrical homeostasis as a component of acupuncture mechanism.

Low frequency electrical current and super-high frequency electromagnetic field were applied to acupuncture points of stomach meridian in dogs. The stimulation effect on Bioelectrical potentials of 5 acupuncture points of stomach, spleen, liver, kidney, small intestine meridians and non-acupuncture skin zones was studied in conditions of blocked autonomic ganglia or neuro-muscular junctions of the dog. The influence of ganglioblockading and myorelaxating drugs on Bioelectrical potentials of acupuncture points was also researched. The results are discussed from the neurohumoural and bioelectrical hypotheses points of view. The conclusion that both mechanisms of acupuncture supplement each other is drawn. The principle of bioelectrical homeostasis as a component of acupuncture mechanism is proposed. Bioelectrical homeostasis along with other kinds of homeostasis forms a system of first level homeostats which is united into second level homeostat by the autonomic nervous system.     

耳穴应用中一些问题的探讨

笔者结合多年来在耳针临床及教学中的心得、体会,围绕耳针的疗效与不良反应、阳性反应与疾病的关系、取穴要点以及标准耳穴的推广应用等方面进行讨论,指出耳针的疗效具有有效率高、治愈率低、有一定复发率的特点;耳穴中阳性反应点与疾病的关系存在着"一穴多病反应"和"一病多穴反应";取穴要点是指准确选穴和合理配穴.提出标准耳穴仍未能很好地推广应用以及耳针存在不容忽视的不良反应,应引起重视.     

针刺配合放血、耳针治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床观察

目的：探讨针刺配合放血、耳针治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效和治疗机理。方法：将180例患者随机分为两组,治疗组和对照组,每组90例,治疗组采用针刺配合放血、耳针治疗,体穴取L3～L5夹脊为主;放血穴位取L3～L5棘突下、委中或阳陵泉、阿是穴;耳穴取耳尖、内分泌、肾上腺、腰椎等。对照组采用单纯针刺治疗,与治疗组中针刺疗法相同。连续治疗2个疗程进行疗效对比,并观察两组治疗前后症状积分的变化。结果：治疗组总有效率94．44％,对照组为80％,差别有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,治疗后两组临床症状积分比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：针刺配合放血、耳针对腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效优于单纯针刺疗法。     

耳针治疗围绝经期综合征的多中心随机对照研究(英文)

目的:观察并评价耳针治疗围绝经期综合征的临床疗效。方法:采用多中心的随机对照试验研究,将受试者分为耳针组和对照组。耳针组采用电针耳穴治疗;对照组采用口服更年安片治疗。均连续治疗 10 d后观察疗效。结果:绝经前期患者,耳针组总有效率为 96.8%,对照组总有效率为 56.3%。绝经后期患者,耳针组总有效率为 85.7%,对照组总有效率为 53.0%。结论:耳针及更年安片均可有效改善围绝经期综合征患者的临床症状,两种疗法均有较好的依从性和安全性,耳针疗法的临床疗效优于更年安片。     

耳针与体针治疗花粉症疗效比较

目的：对比耳针与体针治疗花粉症的疗效。方法：体针组取印堂、迎香、合谷、太阳、太冲等穴位加辨证取穴；耳针组取内鼻、外鼻、眼、肾上腺、肝、脾、肺等穴位加毫针点刺放血。结果：体针组与耳针组在临床控制率及总有效率上基本一致，取得疗效时间上体针组显著短于耳针组。结论：体针治疗花粉症比耳针起效快，且对于痰热夹瘀型花粉症患者体针效果好于耳针，而对于肺脾气虚型耳针效果明显优于体针。     

体针配合耳穴贴压治疗失眠症60例

目的：观察针刺神门配合耳穴刺激对改善失眠症的临床疗效。方法：将120例失眠患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各60例。对照组采用常规的针刺方法,治疗组在对照组基础上增加耳穴刺激的治疗措施,观察两组患者治疗后睡眠情况、治疗效果。结果：两组患者疗效比较经检验P＜0．01,差异具有显著的统计学意义,且治疗组优于对照组。结论：针刺神门为主穴配合耳穴刺激治疗失眠疗效显著。     

耳针作用的形态学基础―来自HRP神经示踪法的证据

目的 观察支配耳甲区迷走神经在延髓水平中枢的投射情况,探讨耳针作用机理.方法 健康成年SD大鼠10只,外耳道口方向分离耳甲皮肤与皮下组织,微量注射器缝内注射40 μl 浓度为30%的HRP神经示踪剂,神经示踪技术观察标记细胞在延脑水平核团分布情况.结果 除了在三叉神经脊束核外,在孤束核和迷走神经运动背核以及其他核团也发现了标记神经元或神经纤维.结论 耳甲区迷走神经分支与迷走初级中枢有神经联系,耳甲穴位针刺效应很可能是通过耳-迷走反射途径实现的.     

体针、耳针治疗青少年近视临床观察

目的 :探讨体针、耳针治疗青少年近视的临床疗效差异。方法 :将 1 0 4例青少年近视眼患者随机分为体针组 (52例 ,96只患眼 )和耳针组(52例 ,92只患眼 ) ,体针组针刺睛明、四白、风池等穴 ,耳针组针刺耳穴眼、目1 、肝等穴。结果 :体针组和耳针组治疗后视力均有提高 ,但体针组疗效优于耳针组 (P <0 0 1 )。结论 :体针治疗青少年近视的临床疗效肯定 ,且优于耳针