地高辛维持量疗法76例临床分析

临床资料分析一,一般资料;76例均系内科住院病人。男28例、女48例;年龄12～80岁。病因;风湿性心脏病(简称风心病)30例,慢性肺原性心脏病(简称肺心病)16例,其中2例伴风心病,1例伴冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病),高血压及冠心病16例,原发性充血性心肌病8例,产后心肌病4例,病毒性心肌炎2     

心内科老年患者院内心源性猝死临床病因分析

目的探讨心内科老年患者发生院内心源性猝死的临床原因,便于指导临床干预。方法回顾性分析我院2006年8月~2013年9月心内科住院老年患者48例,分析患者发生心源性猝死的临床病因及时间过程。结果 48例心内科老年患者出现院内心源性猝死的临床病因主要有冠心病17例(35.42%)、扩张型心肌病7例(14.58%)、高血压性心脏病6例(12.50%)及风湿性心脏病5例(10.42%)。患者心源性猝死主要发生于病情恶化6h以内,约45例(93.75%)。结论冠心病、扩张型心肌病、高血压性心脏病以及风湿性心脏病患者容易出现院内心源性猝死,患者往往在病情恶化后6h内死亡,需要密切关注该类住院患者的病情进展,并进行有效监护和及时抢救。     

158例老年人心力衰竭的分析

心力衰竭是老年人的重要致死原因之一,我们对近年来收治的158例老年人心衰的临床资料进行分析,现报告如下。1 临床资料 本组158例心衰中男性94例,女性64例,年龄60～87岁(平均64.8岁)。临床诊断冠心病62例,高血压性心脏病31例,肺心病40例,风心病18例,扩张型心肌病5例,甲亢性心脏病2例。     

46例心脏病患者心功恢复期猝死原因分析

兹将我院1972年1月至1982年6月住院心脏病的心功恢复期患者46例发生心脏猝死的原因分析如下. 临床资料一般资料:在46例心脏恢复期心脏猝死患者中,男性28例,女性18例;年龄18岁～76岁;风湿性心脏病24例,冠心病14例(包括急性心肌梗塞4例),扩张型心肌病3例,慢性克山病3例,梅毒性心脏病1例,肺心病1例. 病例选择:凡住院心脏病患者,符合下列情况者为心功恢复期:心力衰竭基本纠正;以快速房颤或阵发性室上性心动过速为主者,心律转为窦性或心率降至80次     

245例住院死亡的心脏病患者死因分析

本文总结了我院内科近10年来(1970年1月～1979年9月)因心脏病而死亡的245例住院患者的临床资料,对死亡原因及对如何减少心脏骤停的发生进行讨论。临床资料(一)性别与病因在245例中风湿性心脏病(简称风心病)62例,男:女为1:1.38,冠状动脉硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)39例,男:女为2:1,慢性肺原性心脏病(简称肺心病)129例,男:女为1.26:1,其他心脏病15例(慢性克山病7例,心肌病4例,梅毒性心脏病2例,     

完全性左束支传导阻滞的临床特点分析

目的依据动态心电图、心脏彩超、冠脉造影术、胸片或肺CT,分析完全性左束支传导阻滞(CLBBB)的临床特点。方法回顾分析56例CLBBB住院患者的临床资料,比较合并冠心病与不合并冠心病患者的临床特点;对比老年组与非老年组CLBBB的临床特点。结果患者中,合并冠心病、高血压性心脏病、扩张性心肌病的比例依次为48.2%、46.4%和26.8%。CLBBB合并冠心病以老年男性患者多见(63.0%),糖尿病、高脂血症和高血压性心脏病出现率较高,依次为63.0%、61.5%和57.7%。老年组CLBBB合并冠心病、高血压病、电轴明显左偏概率高。结论 CLBBB中前三位病因是冠心病、高血压性心脏病、扩张性心肌病,年龄≥65岁、高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症的患者容易合并冠心病,老年患者合并CLBBB的愈合较差。     

老年心脏性猝死30例临床分析

本文对30例老年心脏性猝死(下称心性猝死)进行分析,以探讨其病因、诱因、先兆症状和预防措施等。一、临床资料 (一)一般资料:1986年6月至1991年6月,我院内科有46例猝死,其中心性猝死36例。60岁以上老年心性猝死30例,其中男性20例,女性10例。 (二)诊断标准本组病例均合乎下述诊断标准,即健康人或病情稳定的病人,因心脏原因在症状发作后6小时内死亡为心性猝死。对伴有心衰、休克未能纠正及属于终末期病人,发生心脏骤停者未予列入。 (三)病因:冠心病10例,冠心急性心肌梗塞(AMI)13例,高血压心脏病2例,老年退行性心脏瓣     

观察老年心血管患者的临床特征及防治特点

目的观察老年心血管患者的临床特点,提出防治策略。方法制订相关表格,对我院2007年6月至2012年6月诊治的257例老年心血管患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果 257例患者中,男性有176例,占总例数的68.5%,女性有81例,占总例数的31.5%,男女比例为2.2∶1,说明男性心血管疾病发病率显著高于女性,且病程长。257例患者中,冠心病54例(21.0%),高血压87例(31.5%),冠心病合并高血压92例(35.8%),风心病20例(7.8%),肺心病4例(1.6%)。合并症中,糖尿病86例(33.5%),高血脂72例(31.5%),脑梗死43例(16.7%),颈动脉斑块16例(6.2%)。184例患者有吸烟史,占71.6%。结论依据临床资料分析老年心血管疾病患者的病因及特点,针对性的进行防治可有效降低心血管疾病的发病率。     

80例老年性心衰治疗体会

老年心脏病心衰表现常不典型 ,一旦明确诊断时 ,部分病人已历经数小时至数日 ,且心衰分级多在 级以上 ,加之多数患者常伴有其它老年性疾病 ,治疗上有一定难度。现将我院1995～ 2 0 0 0年 80例老年心衰患者临床治疗体会报告如下。1　一般资料本组男性 5 7例 ,女性 2 3例 ;其中 6 0～ 6 9岁 6 2例 ,70～79岁 16例 ,80岁以上 2例。肺心病 12例 ,冠心病 30例 ,风心病 6例 ,高心病 2 1例 ,肺心病合并冠心病 4例 ,心肌病 3例 ,甲亢性心脏病 3例 ,贫血性心脏病 1例。诱发因素 :呼吸道感染 6 2例次 ,心律失常 8例次 ,急性心梗 3例次 ,情感变化 3例…     

浅谈心脑血管疾病的预防策略与措施

<正>心脑血管疾病(CVD):包括高血压、脑卒中、冠心病、风湿性心脏病先天性心脏病、特发性心脏病、心肌病以及肺心病等,简称心血管疾病。其中对人民健康危害最为严重的是高血压、脑卒中、冠心病。     

Role of the liver in the disposition of intravenous nitroglycerin in the rat

Previous studies have indicated that the liver is the main site of nitroglycerin (NTG) elimination when the drug is systematically infused. To examine this hypothesis, we measured the apparent systemic clearance (Cls) of nitroglycerin in anesthesized rats receiving a constant intravenous infusion at a dose of 100 micrograms per kg per min. Animals were divided into shunt and sham groups; the former had undergone a portal vein ligation 10 days prior to the study, while the latter was subjected to a sham operation. On the study day, half of the animals of each group also received probenecid at 200 mg/kg, i.v., a drug previously reported to inhibit organic nitrate ester reductase (ONER) activity in rat liver. Arterial NTG samples were obtained at 41, 43 and 45 min of infusion in all four experimental groups; Cls was 439 +/- 32 ml per kg per min (mean +/- S.E.) in sham, 460 +/- 44 in sham and probenecid, 477 +/- 39 in shunt, and 461 +/- 34 in shunt and probenecid animals. During NTG infusion, hepatic blood flow (measured with a constant infusion of indocyanine green) was decreased markedly in shunted rats as was liver/body weight, indicating hepatic atrophy. The specific activity of hepatic ONER was similar in all four groups. In spite of marked differences in hepatic blood flow and hepatic mass, the Cls was similar in all four groups. The liver does not appear to be a major site for the elimination of systemic nitroglycerin as hitherto assumed.     

半导体激光治疗老年人压疮疗效观察

目的探讨半导体激光局部照射治疗老年人压疮疗效.方法:收集2012年1月-2015年6月48例压疮患者,分为半导体组和常规组各24例.常规组采用常规治疗,半导体组采用半导体激光加常规治疗,10 d为1个疗程,不超过3个疗程.疗程结束后比较两组疗效.结果:半导体组压疮愈显率为83.33％,创面愈合时间为(12.75±5.51)d,常规组分别为54.17％和(19.63±8.65)d,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组均未见不良反应.结论:半导体激光加常规治疗压疮效果肯定,无明显不良反应,且操作简便.     

Nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly

The effect of nifedipine monotherapy, retard tablets, 20 mg bid, was evaluated in 23 hypertensive patients, mean age, 79 +/- 2 years. Twenty-one patients completed an eight-week study. Blood pressure (BP) decreased to 160/90 mm Hg in 15 patients; in four additional patients diastolic BP dropped by 15% to 28%. In a subset of five patients with isolated systolic hypertension, a significant reduction in systolic BP was noted. Side effects were relatively mild and only two patients discontinued the study. The results suggest that nifedipine monotherapy offers an alternative, logic, therapeutic approach to hypertension in the elderly.     

HACCP在学校集体食堂卫生管理中的应用研究

目的 通过HACCP在学校集体食堂管理中的应用,提高食品卫生水平,保障学生的身体健康。方法 HACCP原则。结果 食品卫生达到较高水平,极大地减少了食物中毒的发生。结论 提示HACCP原则可在学校集体食堂的卫生管理中发挥有效作用。     

The role of the gut flora in the reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat

Sulphinpyrazone underwent both reduction to a sulphide and oxidation to a sulphone after parenteral administration to normal Wistar rats. Oral administration was associated with a bioavailability of about 75% and with a 3-fold greater formation of the sulphide. However, no sulphide was detected in the plasma after oral administration of sulphinpyrazone to germ-free (BD/X) rats or normal rats treated with oral antibiotics. In vitro studies showed that the major site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone was the contents of the hind gut with little activity detected in the liver or other tissues. The sulphide was oxidised in vivo to sulphinpyrazone and small amounts of sulphone, while the latter underwent only slight reduction to sulphinpyrazone, but did not give detectable levels of the sulphide. These data suggest that the gut microflora are the main site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat in vivo.     

Pharmacological analysis of the participation of the catecholaminergic system in the development of the abstinence syndrome in rats

The behavioural activity of rats in "the open field" was studied. It was revealed that rats alcoholized for 8 months do not practically differ in their behavioural indicators from the intact ones. After the discontinuation of alcohol marked disturbances appear in their behaviour, that are arrested by apomorphine (0,1 mg/kg). In intact animals dopamine (50 mkg into the brain ventricles) induces behavioural disorders similar to those in rats during abstinence. Noradrenaline does not induce similar disorders. A conclusion is made on the dopaminergic nature of disorders in the behaviour of rats in the state of alcohol abstinence.     

Problems in the evaluation of hypnosis in the treatment of alcoholism

Although hypnotherapy has been applied to alcoholism for over a century and is accepted by the AMA as a medically valid technique, the effectiveness of hypnosis in treating alcoholics remains controversial. Systematic evaluation has been hampered by the unique role of hypnosis as a cultural artifact, by problems in defining and verifying hypnotic intervention, by individual and situational variation in hypnotizability, and by difficulty in separating hypnosis from the therapies to which it is applied. Clinicians using hypnosis are likely to continue to base their claims for its effectiveness on intuition, especially since no study has demonstrated that hypnotherapy is contraindicated for patients requesting its use.