抗病毒治疗对艾滋病感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的影响

目的：探讨抗病毒治疗对艾滋病感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的影响。方法选择2014年1月至2015年6月期间中山市疾病预防控制中心确诊的92例艾滋病患者,均接受高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)治疗,记录治疗前及治疗3个月、6个月时患者血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的变化,分析影响CD4+T淋巴细胞计数增加量的相关因素。结果 HAART治疗3个月后,患者血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数出现上升者占88.04%;治疗6个月后,所有患者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数均有不同程度的上升,CD4+T淋巴细胞计数增加量在年龄<40岁、治疗前CD4+T淋巴细胞计数≥200、BMI≥23及无药物漏服的患者中明显高于年龄≥40岁、治疗前CD4+T淋巴细胞计数<200、BMI<23及有药物漏服者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高效抗逆转录病毒疗法可显著增加艾滋病患者外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞计数,其疗效与年龄、治疗时机、BMI及用药依从性有关。     

河北省接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗的男男性行为者CD4~+T淋巴细胞变化情况分析

目的分析河北省2004-2016年接受艾滋病抗病毒治疗的男男性行为者CD4~+T淋巴细胞动态变化情况,为评估男男性行为者艾滋病治疗效果和治疗现状提供依据。方法将现住址为河北省、年龄≥15岁、符合并接受免费高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(highly active anti-retroviral therapy,HAART)的男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)纳入本研究,收集随访和检测记录,采用方差分析、趋势χ~2检验等统计学方法对资料进行分析。结果截至2016年5月31日,河北省共有3 091名15岁以上MSM接受HAART。平均初始治疗年龄为(35.82±12.19)岁,初始治疗年龄集中在21～30岁组(36.8%)和31～40岁组(25.0%)。平均基线CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数为(240.10±178.21)个/mm~3。随治疗时间的延长,MSM的CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数总体不断增加。计数增加量最多的在治疗3个月以内。CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数在350个/mm~3以上者呈线性增加趋势。结论河北省目前针对MSM所采用的免费HAART策略具有较好的治疗效果,能提高病人的免疫能力。需关注治疗前期,特别是治疗的前3个月,加大治疗早期的监测和检测力度,针对治疗效果及时调整用药,以期取得更好的治疗效果。     

CD4~+T淋巴细胞基线值对艾滋病患者HAART后免疫重建效果的影响

目的通过观察不同CD4~+T淋巴细胞基线值的艾滋病患者高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)期间CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数的变化,探讨CD4~+T淋巴细胞基线值对HAART免疫重建效果的影响。方法将进行HAART的188例艾滋病患者,按CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数基线值分为甲组(<100·μL-1,102例)及乙组(≥100·μL-1,86例),采用一般线性模型(重复测量)对两组的CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数在HAART启动后36个月内总体变化进行统计学分析。结果乙组CD4~+T淋巴细胞计数回升水平高于甲组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 CD4~+T淋巴细胞基线值的高低可直接影响HAART后免疫重建效果。     

布拖县102例艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗效果分析

目的：了解当地艾滋病（AIDS）患者高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）效果,分析影响治疗效果的因素,提高抗病毒治疗质量。方法定期随访监测 HAART患者CD4 T淋巴细胞,观察抗病毒治疗效果。结果在24个月随访监测期中,102例抗病毒治疗患者CD4 T淋巴细胞计数逐步增加,前3个月增加较明显（P＜0．01）,吸毒患者和性传患者 CD4 T淋巴细胞计数组内比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）,11例病死患者CD4 T淋巴细胞基线均数小于200个/μL,治疗3个月后CD4 T淋巴细胞计数较基线差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论该群 AIDS患者 HAART的免疫学疗效不理想。     

艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗前后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的变化探讨

目的探讨艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗前后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的变化。方法选取我中心2011年1月至2016年1月诊断为艾滋病的180例患者作为调查对象,均给予抗病毒治疗,检测治疗前和治疗1年后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数情况。结果治疗前患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数为(192.6±117.9)个/μL,治疗1年后患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数为(359.8±145.2)个/μL,有较大的差异性(P0.05),有统计学意义。患者年龄在21-40和≥41岁的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数之间有差异性(P0.05),药物是否漏服的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数之间存在差异统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用抗病毒治疗艾滋病后,可以增加患者CD4+T淋巴细胞计数,对HIV的复制具有显著的控制作用,促进患者免疫功能的重建,控制患者的病情发展。     

127例HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗1年CD4~+T淋巴细胞结果

目的分析HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗前后CD4~+T淋巴细胞数的变化情况,为全省的抗病毒治疗提供科学依据。方法对青海省2013—2015年间接受抗病毒治疗的127名HIV/AIDS患者治疗前、治疗后3个月、6个月、9个月及12个月CD4~+T淋巴细胞数进行检测和统计学分析。结果 127例HIV/AIDS患者的平均开始治疗年龄为(37.6±10.8)岁,治疗前CD4~+T淋巴细胞数平均水平为(321.2±108.4)个/μL;患者治疗3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月时与进入治疗时点相比,其CD4~+T淋巴细胞数平均增加了52.2个/μL、75.8个/μL、75.3个/μL和76.5个/μL,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);经抗病毒治疗1年后,CD4~+T淋巴细胞数500个/μL的患者从0例增至37例,占患者总数的29.1%;CD4~+T淋巴细胞数分为≤200个/μL、201~350个/μL和350个/μL三组患者,经抗病毒治疗1年后,CD4~+T淋巴细胞数平均分别增加了80.7个/μL、84.7个/μL和65.8个/μL,不同组患者HAART治疗1年后CD4~+T淋巴细胞数均值变化差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论青海省目前的HAART治疗效果明显,同时提高HIV/AIDS患者的依从性,并尽早开展抗病毒治疗,有利于提高患者的生命质量,延缓疾病进程,降低病死率。     

艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗前后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的变化探讨

目的 探讨艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗前后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的变化.方法 选择2014年5月—2015年6月我市110例进行抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者作为研究对象,全部患者均接受抗病毒治疗;分别于患者治疗前和治疗12个月后检测CD4+T淋巴细胞计数.结果 110例患者治疗后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数明显上升,与治疗前对比具有显著性差异(P<0.01);不同性别文化水平以及婚姻状况患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数变化水平对比无统计学差异(P>0.05);而年龄40岁以下和40岁以上的患者、 漏服药物与未漏服药物患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数变化水平比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论 给予艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗,能够显著提高患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞计数,有效控制HIV复制,加快免疫功能重建,延缓病情发展,临床疗效较好.     

机会性感染病原体对新发艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗过程中T淋巴细胞亚群分布影响的队列研究

目的 探讨机会性感染病原体对新发艾滋病患者高效抗逆转录病毒治疗过程中外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分布的影响.方法 收集2019年1月1日至2020年6月30日昆明市第三人民医院感染一科收治的初次确诊且未经抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者220例,经临床诊断,220例中艾滋病合并结核分枝杆菌33例,艾滋病合并丙型肝炎病毒30例,艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌31例,其余病例中艾滋病合并1种病原体45例,艾滋病合并2种病原体30例,艾滋病合并3种及以上病原体51例,治疗方案为富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯片+拉米夫定+依非韦伦(TDF+3TC+EFV),分别于治疗前、治疗3、6、12个月采集患者抗凝血样本,采用流式细胞术检测患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,对比分析各组患者抗病毒治疗过程中外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分布情况.结果 艾滋病合并结核分枝杆菌(AIDS/TB)、艾滋病合并丙型肝炎病毒(AIDS/HCV)、艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌(AIDS/TM)3组患者在治疗3个月后CD3+、CD8+和CD4+T淋巴细胞计数都明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),除了AIDS/TM组治疗6个月后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数再次明显升高,其余2组3项指标随后治疗过程中无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1a后3组患者的CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数无明显差异,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而AIDS/HCV组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数要高于其它2个组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).艾滋病合并1种病原体(AIDS/1)组抗病毒治疗3个月后CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),整个治疗过程中CD4+T淋巴细胞计数无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);艾滋病合并2种病原体(AIDS/2)组治疗6个月后CD3+及治疗3个月后CD8+T淋巴细胞计数明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);艾滋病合并3种及以上病原体(AIDS/≥3)组治疗6个月后,CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数才明显升高;AIDS/2和AIDS/≥3组在治疗3、6个月后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗1年后3组患者的CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数无明显差异,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而AIDS/1组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数要高于其它2个组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).6组患者1a的治疗过程中CD4+/CD8+比值都<1.结论 规范的高效抗逆转录病毒治疗后,艾滋病患者外周血CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数都能恢复到同等水平与机会性感染病原体的种类和数量无关,而艾滋病患者治疗前T淋巴细胞亚群分布水平的高低和机会性感染病原体的种类及数量会影响治疗过程中CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的恢复速度和水平.高效抗逆转录病毒治疗前3个月是评估治疗效果好坏的关键期,而CD4/CD8不是一个理想的治疗效果评估指标.     

机会性感染病原体对新发艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗过程中T淋巴细胞亚群分布影响的队列研究

目的 探讨机会性感染病原体对新发艾滋病患者高效抗逆转录病毒治疗过程中外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分布的影响.方法 收集2019年1月1日至2020年6月30日昆明市第三人民医院感染一科收治的初次确诊且未经抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者220例,经临床诊断,220例中艾滋病合并结核分枝杆菌33例,艾滋病合并丙型肝炎病毒30例,艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌31例,其余病例中艾滋病合并1种病原体45例,艾滋病合并2种病原体30例,艾滋病合并3种及以上病原体51例,治疗方案为富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯片+拉米夫定+依非韦伦(TDF+3TC+EFV),分别于治疗前、治疗3、6、12个月采集患者抗凝血样本,采用流式细胞术检测患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群,对比分析各组患者抗病毒治疗过程中外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分布情况.结果 艾滋病合并结核分枝杆菌(AIDS/TB)、艾滋病合并丙型肝炎病毒(AIDS/HCV)、艾滋病合并马尔尼菲篮状菌(AIDS/TM)3组患者在治疗3个月后CD3+、CD8+和CD4+T淋巴细胞计数都明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),除了AIDS/TM组治疗6个月后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数再次明显升高,其余2组3项指标随后治疗过程中无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1a后3组患者的CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数无明显差异,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而AIDS/HCV组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数要高于其它2个组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).艾滋病合并1种病原体(AIDS/1)组抗病毒治疗3个月后CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),整个治疗过程中CD4+T淋巴细胞计数无明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);艾滋病合并2种病原体(AIDS/2)组治疗6个月后CD3+及治疗3个月后CD8+T淋巴细胞计数明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);艾滋病合并3种及以上病原体(AIDS/≥3)组治疗6个月后,CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数才明显升高;AIDS/2和AIDS/≥3组在治疗3、6个月后CD4+T淋巴细胞计数明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗1年后3组患者的CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数无明显差异,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而AIDS/1组CD4+T淋巴细胞计数要高于其它2个组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).6组患者1a的治疗过程中CD4+/CD8+比值都<1.结论 规范的高效抗逆转录病毒治疗后,艾滋病患者外周血CD3+和CD8+T淋巴细胞计数都能恢复到同等水平与机会性感染病原体的种类和数量无关,而艾滋病患者治疗前T淋巴细胞亚群分布水平的高低和机会性感染病原体的种类及数量会影响治疗过程中CD4+T淋巴细胞计数的恢复速度和水平.高效抗逆转录病毒治疗前3个月是评估治疗效果好坏的关键期,而CD4/CD8不是一个理想的治疗效果评估指标.     

HAART 治疗对 AIDS 患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的：研究采用高效抗逆转录病毒（HAART）治疗对艾滋病（AIDS）患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群的影响。方法选择2013年9月—2014年12月来我院治疗的 AIDS 患者108例,所有患者均采用 HAART 治疗,根据治疗后24个月 CD4+T 淋巴细胞计数水平较治疗前增加水平将其分成 A 组、B 组、C 组,每组各36例。A 组低于100/mm3,B 组100~200/mm3,C 组超过200/mm3,观察3组外周血淋巴细胞亚群变化。结果3组患者CD4+T 淋巴细胞在治疗前、治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月相比,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论采用 HAART 治疗AIDS 能有效改善患者的外周血淋巴细胞亚群计数水平,提高治疗效果,值得推广应用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.