腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤14例

目的探讨腔内治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年10月至2006年5月腔内修复孤立性髂动脉瘤14例的临床资料。其中,右髂总动脉瘤8例,左髂总动脉瘤5例,左髂内动脉瘤破裂1例。髂动脉瘤腔内修复的标准是瘤体直径〉3．0cm。结果14例均取得技术成功。8例右髂总动脉瘤,钢圈栓塞右髂内动脉后选用分叉支架型人工血管行腔内修复术。其中1例右髂总动脉瘤累及腹主动脉下端,选用AUl支架型人工血管腔内修复加股．股动脉旁路术。5例左髂总动脉瘤栓塞同侧髂内动脉后选用直型支架型人工血管。1例左髂内动脉瘤破裂急诊行钢圈栓塞后选用直型支架覆盖左髂内动脉开口。术后即刻数字减影血管造影显示动脉瘤消失,远近端支架型人工血管与宿主动脉结合处均未见明显渗漏。1例术后出现急性左心功能不全和肺水肿,经抢救痊愈,其余13例无手术并发症。术后CTA随访10．2个月（3～19个月）,瘤体无增大,支架无移位,无内漏,旁路人工血管通畅。结论腔内修复术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤具有可行、安全、微创等特点,近期疗效较好,远期效果需进一步随访。     

孤立性髂动脉瘤的腔内治疗

目的探讨利用血管腔内技术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤的安全性、可行性、有效性和存在的问题。方法自1997年5月至2006年1月,对15例孤立性髂动脉瘤患者行血管腔内治疗。真性动脉瘤12例(80％),假性动脉瘤3例(20％);髂总动脉瘤9例(60％),髂内动脉瘤3例(20％),髂外动脉瘤3例(20％)。瘤径3．5-9．0 cm,平均(5．97±1．49)cm。髂内动脉瘤采用直接栓塞技术;髂总以及髂外动脉瘤采用支架型血管腔内修复技术或结合外科手术方法及栓塞技术进行治疗。术后观察瘤腔内血液动力学改变、髂内动脉以及下肢动脉供血的改变。结果术后仅1例保留双侧髂内动脉,其余仅保留单侧。术后2例发生内漏(13％)。无围手术期死亡,无移植物错放、移位、瘤体破裂、中转手术以及由于覆盖单侧髂内动脉而引起的肠道缺血、性功能改变等并发症发生,1例术后出现一侧臀肌酸痛症状。手术时间0．5-4．0 h,平均(1．9±1．1)h;出血量30-300 ml,平均(126．7±70．1) ml;恢复活动时间0．5-4 d,平均(2．1±1．1)d;住院时间3-12 d,平均(5．5±4．7)d。结论腔内技术治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤是一种安全、可行、有效的方法。髂内动脉的处理以及内漏防治仍是困难的问题。     

腔内治疗孤立性髂内动脉瘤21例

目的探讨孤立性髂内动脉瘤(ⅢAA)患者行腔内治疗的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2011年7月至2017年7月本科收治的21例行腔内治疗ⅢAA患者的临床资料,包括基础疾病、手术时间、手术方式、围手术期并发症等情况。结果 21例患者均手术成功,平均手术时间(76.7±13.5)min,术后均恢复良好。术后平均住院时间(5.9±1.2)d,平均随访时间(24.3±6.7)个月,随访期间无患者死亡,除2例患者出现轻微臀肌跛行外,其余患者未有不适。结论腔内治疗术对ⅢAA患者治疗效果好,且相对于开放手术而言,其创伤小、恢复快,对患者的身体条件要求较低。     

覆膜支架腔内治疗左侧孤立髂动脉瘤1例

患者男性,70岁,主因左腹部疼痛继而发现搏动性肿物9个月,于2012年3月20日入院。查体:左下腹可扪及搏动性肿物,边界触及不清,轻微压痛。双下肢无水肿,皮色皮温正常。双侧足背动脉、股动脉搏动好。计算机体层摄影血管造影术(CTA)检查(图1)时测量左髂动脉瘤近端瘤颈长度,提示瘤体     

孤立性髂动脉瘤36例的临床诊断和治疗

目的提高对孤立性髂动脉瘤（isolated iliae artery aneurysm,IIAA）的认识,总结临床诊断和治疗经验。方法回顾性分析1983年1月至2006年3月期间收治的36例IIAA的临床资料。无症状患者17例,有症状患者19例。择期手术治疗33例,急诊手术3例。治疗措施主要包括动脉瘤切除和动脉重建术。辅助手术包括输尿管松解术和输尿管切断再缝合。结果择期手术术后发生切口延期愈合1例,臀肌跛行2例,下肢运动和排尿障碍1例,均经药物保守治疗,症状减轻和消失,其余患者均康复良好出院。急诊手术3例于术后死亡。结论IIAA临床罕见,破裂出血死亡率高,早期诊断和手术治疗是降低死亡率的关键。微创血管腔内治疗术是值得推荐应用的方法。     

带髂内分支支架的腔内隔绝术治疗腹主动脉瘤伴双髂动脉瘤

目的探讨带髂内分支支架的腔内隔绝技术在腹主动脉瘤伴双髂动脉瘤治疗中的应用。方法回顾性分析2011年6月～2012年6月我院收治的10例腹主动脉瘤合并双髂动脉瘤患者的临床资料。患者均于术前行CT血管造影(CTA)检查,腹主动脉瘤均为肾下型;髂动脉瘤仅累及髂总动脉8例,累及髂内动脉开口处2例。手术先置入带髂内分支的髂动脉带膜支架,再置入腹主动脉瘤的分叉型带膜支架。结果患者均一次手术成功,无死亡。9例患者获得随访,随访时间3～6个月,患者腹部搏动性肿块均消失,均未出现臀部、骶尾部坏死,无明显性功能障碍,1例出现臀部的轻度间歇性跛行。8例术后3个月行腹主、双髂动脉彩超检查,未见明显内瘘,移植的髂内分支支架血流通畅。3例术后6个月行腹主、双髂动脉CTA检查,未见Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型内瘘,髂内分支支架内血流通畅。结论带髂内分支支架的腔内隔绝技术在腹主动脉瘤伴双髂动脉瘤的治疗中是安全、有效的;可以有效地保留一侧髂内动脉,减少或避免因髂内动脉封闭而带来的并发症。     

孤立性髂动脉瘤17例的诊断与治疗

目的 总结孤立性髂动脉瘤的诊断和治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析17例孤立性髂动脉瘤的临床资料.术前彩超检查17例,计算机断层扫描血管成像(computed tomographic angiography,CTA)检查13例,数字减影血管造影(digital subtraction angiography,DSA)检查2例.10例髂动脉瘤患者接受了人工血管间置移植开放手术,6例成功实施了直管型带膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗.1例髂内动脉瘤破裂患者行髂内动脉栓塞治疗时失败,改行人工血管间置移植手术.结果 17例患者均术前确诊,且治愈出院.开放手术组平均手术时间(3.7±1.2)h,腔内治疗组(1.4±0.7)h,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);开放手术组平均住院(16±5)d,腔内治疗组(9±4)d,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);开放手术组输血率72.7％ (8/11),腔内治疗组为16.7％ (1/6).术中输尿管损伤1例,术后出现间歇性跛行2例;腔内治疗发生异位栓塞1例,Ⅰ型内漏2例,随访3个月,内漏消失.结论 人工血管间置移植开放手术和腔内治疗均是髂动脉瘤的有效治疗方法,腔内治疗具有创伤小、手术时间短、康复快、住院时间短、风险相对较小、疗效确切等优势.     

腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术中髂动脉瘤的处理策略

目的:探讨腹主动脉瘤合并髂动脉瘤的腔内修复术(EVAR)方法。方法:回顾性分析2007年8月—2014年3月35例腹主动脉瘤合并髂动脉瘤行EVAR术患者资料,其中9例合并单侧髂内动脉瘤,1例合并双侧髂内动脉瘤,14例合并单侧髂总动脉瘤(直径18 mm),11例合并双侧髂总动脉瘤,所用腔内技术包括栓塞髂内动脉瘤后覆盖,髂内动脉瘤单纯覆盖,"喇叭口"支架,以及"三明治"技术重建一侧髂内动脉等。结果:所有腔内技术均获得成功,手术时间(125±40)min,出血量(173±65)m L。术中发现内漏8例(22.9%),其中I型内漏4例(近端2例,远端2例)均经球囊扩张后内漏消失,III型内漏1例,经扩张及部分加弹簧圈栓塞后内漏消失,II型内漏2例及IV型内漏1例,均未予处理。35例术后随访6~60个月,无动脉瘤破裂,2例术后6个月发现腹主动脉瘤体增大,造影确诊远端I型内漏,经弹簧圈栓塞后内漏消失,其余33例瘤体直径无增大。结论:对于合并髂动脉瘤的腹主动脉瘤患者,有效处理髂内动脉,然后根据髂总动脉直径选择合适的治疗方法可以达到理想的近期效果。     

孤立性髂动脉瘤的外科及腔内治疗

目的总结孤立性髂动脉瘤的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析收治的8例孤立性髂动脉瘤患者的临床资料。4例患者接受髂动脉瘤切除,人工血管重建手术;4例高龄且合并症较多的患者接受腔内支架修复术。结果所有患者治疗均获成功,1例接受腔内治疗患者术后出现腹膜后脓肿,经积极抗感染及手术引流后治愈;余7例未出现并发症。术后随访3个月至2年,所有患者存活良好,无复发。结论外科开放手术及腔内手术均可以安全有效地治疗孤立性髂动脉瘤,临床上需根据患者具体情况选择合理的治疗方式,对于高龄且合并症较多的高危患者应首选腔内手术治疗。     

孤立性髂动脉瘤腔内治疗的现状

孤立性髂动脉瘤（isolated iliac artery aneurysm，IIAA）临床上少见，包括髂总动脉瘤、髂内动脉瘤和髂外动脉瘤。多由动脉粥样硬化、真菌感染、外伤、动脉中层坏死、马凡综合征、非特异性动脉炎等引起。自然病程中直径以平均4mm／年的速度增长，破裂率为14％～70％。早期IIAA的治疗方式为开腹行动脉瘤切除和血管旁路术，并发症发生率及病死率均较高，特别是对于一些高龄、心肺功能不全等病人。近年来腔内技术在IIAA的治疗中被广泛采用，并以微创、效果明确的特点逐渐成为首选治疗方式之一。Boules等报道腔内修复术治疗IIAA，2年内血管通畅率95％,88％的病人无须行二次手术；腔内治疗术后短中期随访过程中无病人死亡，未出现严重并发症，无瘤体继续增大。     

Endovascular treatment for long segment iliac artery occlusion involving the iliac artery opening

ObjectiveThis retrospective nonrandomized study investigated the outcomes of endovascular therapy for long-segment iliac artery occlusion involving the iliac artery opening.MethodsDuring a 5-year period (from Mar 2012 to Mar 2017), 32 patients (two women and 30 men; mean age, 69.0 years; range, 51–90 years) received endovascular therapy, with or without catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT), for long-segment iliac artery occlusion (mean lesion length, 129.8 mm; range, 74.7–189.3 mm).ResultsThe technical success rate was 90.6% (29 of 32). The major complication rate was 3.5%, but no in-hospital mortality was recorded. The access site complication rate was 10.3%. The clinical symptoms of 29 patients were significantly improved. All 29 patients were followed up for 6–40 months, with an average of 16.7 ± 10.9 months. The primary patency rates were 96.6 ± 3.4% at 6 months, 86.6 ± 7.3% at 12 months, 79.4 ± 9.6% at 24 months, and 66.2 ± 14.5% at 36 months.ConclusionsDepending on the characteristics of the disease, endovascular treatment with an individualized, rational choice of approach and with fine-tuning of the operation is a safe and effective treatment for long-term iliac artery occlusion involving the opening of the iliac arteries. Customization of the treatment is also the key to a successful operation and to ensuring good postoperative efficacy.     

Coexisting hypogastric aneurysms worsen the outcomes of endovascular treatment by the iliac branch devices within the pELVIS Registry

Objective

Hypogastric aneurysms (HAs) frequently coexist with aortoiliac aneurysms (AIAs). However, the presence of an HA is a contraindication to endovascular aneurysm treatment by iliac branch devices (IBDs) because of the risk of distal sealing-related endoleaks. No robust evidence exists in the published literature, and therefore we sought to evaluate the performance of IBDs in the presence of HAs within a multicenter registry of nine vascular centers.

Five-year outcomes from a prospective,multicenter study of endovascular repair of iliac artery aneurysms using an iliac branch device

ObjectiveWe have reported the 5-year results of a pivotal prospective, multicenter study conducted in the United States of a specifically designed iliac branch endoprosthesis (IBE; W.L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ) for endovascular repair of aortoiliac aneurysms and common iliac artery aneurysms.MethodsA total of 63 patients (98.4% male; mean age, 70 years) with aortoiliac or common iliac artery aneurysms had undergone implantation of a single IBE device and a bifurcated aortoiliac stent graft. Patients with bilateral common iliac artery aneurysms (n = 22; 34.9%) had undergone either staged occlusion or surgical revascularization of the contralateral internal iliac artery before study enrollment. At 5 years, 36 of the 63 patients had completed the final study follow-up examinations, including clinical examinations (n = 35) and computed tomography (n = 32), with the results evaluated by an independent core laboratory and adverse events adjudicated by a clinical events committee.ResultsAt 5 years, freedom from all-cause mortality was 85.7% and freedom from aneurysm-related mortality was 100%. The nine deaths that had occurred (range, 132-1898 days) were adjudicated as unrelated to the aneurysm or procedure. Primary patency of the internal and external iliac artery IBE limbs was 95.1% and 100%, respectively. No patients had experienced new-onset buttock claudication on the IBE side or self-reported new-onset erectile dysfunction. The common iliac artery diameter on the IBE side was either unchanged or had decreased by ≥5 mm in 30 of the 31 patients (96.8%) with a baseline (1 month) and 5-year (range, 1641-2006 days) computed tomography scan available. Of the 31 evaluable patients, 9 (29.0%) had had an increase of ≥5 mm in the aortic diameter, 5 of whom had had a concurrent type II endoleak. No type I or type III endoleaks or device migration were identified by the core laboratory. Six patients had undergone eight secondary interventions, including five interventions for a type II endoleak. The freedom from secondary intervention was 90.5%.ConclusionsThe 5-year results of our prospective, multicenter study have confirmed the safety, efficacy, and durability of the IBE device for the treatment of aortoiliac and iliac artery aneurysms. The device effectively prevented common iliac artery aneurysm rupture, maintained the patency of the internal iliac artery, and avoided the complications associated with internal iliac artery sacrifice. Although common iliac artery aneurysm enlargement was rare, abdominal aortic enlargement was more common, suggesting that the outcomes of endovascular aneurysm repair might be different for patients with or without associated common iliac artery aneurysms.     

术中自制髂动脉分支支架治疗主髂动脉瘤的单中心经验

目的:总结术中自制髂动脉分支支架(IBD)在主髂动脉瘤腔内修复术中保留髂内动脉的经验。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2018年12月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院13例主髂动脉腔内修复术中使用自制髂动脉分支支架重建髂内动脉患者资料,其中2例重建双侧髂内动脉,11例单侧髂内动脉,术后观察盆腔缺血症状发生、髂内分支支架通畅率、有无内漏及瘤体扩张等情况。结果:应用自制IBD保留髂内动脉技术成功率为100%,术中出现2例Ⅲ型内漏,1例Ⅱ型内漏,围术期无其他并发症发生。术后平均随访9(4~12)个月,无瘤体扩张,支架内未见明显血栓形成,无瘤体相关性死亡,2例Ⅲ型内漏消失,1例Ⅱ型内漏持续存在,但瘤体无增大;IBD支架和髂内动脉通畅率为100%。1例对侧髂内栓塞患者术后出现对侧臀肌跛行,随访3个月后症状消失,无勃起、大小便功能障碍等症状出现。结论:术中自制IBD的应用是一种安全、有效的选择,近期效果理想,远期管腔通畅率还有待进一步随访。     

老年患者TASC C、D级髂股动脉闭塞的腔内治疗

目的探讨对泛大西洋协作组织(TASC)C、D级髂股动脉闭塞老年患者行腔内治疗的疗效。方法 104例老年TASC C、D级髂股动脉闭塞患者接受微创腔内介入手术,其中TASC C型73例、TASC D型31例,闭塞长度4.25~17.61cm,平均(13.46±1.24)cm。对腔内介入治疗的临床疗效、并发症、术后随访等情况进行分析。结果 94例成功开通闭塞动脉,技术成功率90.38%(94/104),其中单纯球囊扩张12例、联合支架植入92例。围手术期发生并发症8例,并发症发生率为7.69%(8/104),包括急性动脉血栓2例、穿刺处假性动脉瘤形成1例、心功能衰竭4例、对比剂肾病1例。术后7天踝肱指数由术前的0.32±0.12增至0.81±0.11(P0.01)。术后6个月、12个月各随访78例和53例患者,通畅率分别为88.46%(69/78)、81.13%(43/53)。结论对老年TASC C、D级髂股动脉闭塞患者,微创腔内介入治疗手术成功率高,并发症少,可取得满意的临床疗效。     

感染性假性股动脉瘤61例治疗分析

目的 探讨动脉瘤切除和动脉结扎治疗创伤后感染性假性股动脉瘤的作用。方法回顾性分析2001年1月至2006年12月中山大学附属第一医院收治的62例因吸毒致创伤后感染性假性股动脉瘤的治疗经过。采用腹股沟韧带上方切口,经腹膜后控制髂外动脉,并在动脉瘤远端暴露股浅动脉,切除动脉瘤,局部清创和血管结扎。结果无术后死亡,无术后大出血及截肢。平均随访32个月（3个月至4年）,2例有轻度的间歇性跛行。结论 创伤后感染性假性股动脉瘤须紧急手术治疗。动脉瘤切除、动脉结扎和彻底的局部清创治疗创伤后感染性假性股动脉瘤安全、有效,且手术操作相对简单。