人参养荣汤对小鼠免疫功能的调节

目的 :研究中药制剂人参养荣汤在机体免疫应答过程中的正向调节作用。方法 :通过检测小鼠CTL细胞杀伤活性、T淋巴细胞亚群、IgG水平来观察人参养荣汤对环磷酰胺免疫抑制效应调节作用。结果 :人参养荣汤具有提高免疫功能低下小鼠CTL细胞毒活性 ;上调免疫功能低下小鼠CD4 和CD8 T细胞数量 ;对免疫功能低下小鼠的IgG产生具有一定的正向调节作用。结论 :中药制剂人参养荣汤是一种正向免疫调节剂。     

强脊康对小鼠T细胞亚群的免疫调节作用研究

目的:研究中药复方强脊康对小鼠CD4 、CD8 T细胞亚群的影响,为其临床治疗强直性脊柱炎提供实验依据.方法:制备小鼠免疫超常和免疫抑制模型,随机分组,灌胃给药中药强脊康.采用McAb间接免疫荧光法,检测小鼠胸腺CD4 、CD8 T细胞亚群及CD4 /CD8 比值.结果:强脊康能够显著降低免疫超常模型小鼠胸腺CD4 、CD8 T细胞亚群及CD4 /CD8 比值,明显升高免疫抑制模型小鼠胸腺CD4 、CD8 T细胞亚群及CD4 /CD8 比值.结论:中药强脊康对机体亢进和抑制的细胞免疫功能起到双向调节作用.     

负载肿瘤抗原的树突状细胞疫苗诱导CTL的抗肿瘤效应

目的:探讨负载肿瘤抗原的树突状细胞(DC)疫苗诱导的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)的体外杀瘤作用及对荷瘤小鼠的治疗作用.方法:体外培养的小鼠骨髓树突状细胞用小鼠结肠腺癌细胞株CT26细胞抗原冲击致敏制备负载肿瘤抗原的DC疫苗;负载肿瘤抗原的DC疫苗激活同源T淋巴细胞产生细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL),采用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH) 4 h释放法检测CTL在体外对CT26细胞的杀伤活性;建立CT26荷瘤小鼠模型,应用CTL治疗荷瘤小鼠,观察肿瘤大小和小鼠存活期.结果:负载CT26肿瘤抗原的DC疫苗能够诱导T细胞增殖分化为肿瘤特异CTL,该CTL对CT26细胞有高效而强烈的杀伤作用,杀伤率为(83.95±11.25)%,而对B16细胞、3LL Lewis 细胞无明显杀伤作用,杀伤率分别为(12.75±5.36)%和(11.38±4.57)%.应用CTL治疗荷瘤小鼠能显著抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,延长荷瘤小鼠存活期.结论:负载肿瘤抗原的DC疫苗能够诱导高效而特异的CTL杀瘤活性并能治疗荷瘤小鼠.提示负载肿瘤抗原的DC疫苗诱导的CTL可能在肿瘤的免疫治疗中发挥重要作用.     

中药相关成分对T细胞亚群的调节作用

T细胞及其亚群对机体免疫功能有十分重要的影响。中药可以通过调节T细胞亚群的数量，活性及各亚群细胞之间的比例来调节T细胞的免疫功能。许多中药成分对TH，TS，CTL等T细胞亚群有调节作用。     

脾脏CD4+T、CD19+B淋巴细胞凋亡在狼疮性BXSB小鼠发病机制中的意义

目的对♀、♂狼疮性BXSB小鼠外周血T、B淋巴细胞分布及脾脏T、B淋巴细胞凋亡进行比较探讨脾脏CD4 T、CD19 B淋巴细胞凋亡在狼疮性BXSB小鼠发病机制中的意义。方法运用流式细胞术、免疫双荧光染色法检测外周血CD4 T、CD8 T、CD19 B细胞分布及脾脏CD4 T、CD19 B细胞凋亡;直接免疫荧光法观察♀、♂狼疮性BXSB小鼠肾脏免疫组化。结果与♀BXSB小鼠比较,♂BXSB小鼠外周血CD4 T、CD8 T细胞分布明显降低(P<0.01),外周血CD19 B细胞分布及脾脏CD4 T、CD19 B凋亡率明显升高(P<0.01);♂BXSB小鼠绝大多数肾小球毛细血管襻上可见大量IgG呈片状沉积,而♀BXSB小鼠肾脏几乎无IgG沉积。结论♂BXSB小鼠发病较♀BXSB小鼠重,细胞凋亡在BXSB小鼠发病机制中具有重要意义。     

免疫口服液对小鼠NK细胞活性的影响

目的　研究免疫口服液对正常和免疫抑制小鼠NK细胞活性的影响。方法　用不同剂量免疫口服液给正常小鼠和环磷酰胺免疫抑制小鼠灌胃 ,于第 11d分别检测小鼠NK细胞的活性。结果　免疫口服液对正常小鼠NK细胞活性无明显影响 (P均 >0 .0 5 ) ,对免疫抑制小鼠NK细胞活性有显著增强作用 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1)。结论　免疫口服液对免疫抑制小鼠NK细胞活性有正调节作用。     

T细胞免疫与肿瘤关系研究进展

在抗肿瘤免疫中,肿瘤特异性T细胞应答,特别是CD8+T细胞(cytotoxic T cell,CTL)对肿瘤细胞的杀伤是至关重要的免疫保护机制,肿瘤特异性CD4+T细胞分泌的IFN-γ(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)以及肿瘤抗原特异性IgG(immunoglobulin G,IgG)抗体也具有重要的清除肿瘤的功能。常见的恶性肿瘤如宫颈癌、鼻咽癌等恶性肿瘤均存在免疫     

荷瘤小鼠骨髓来源树突状细胞诱导的抗肿瘤作用

目的:探讨能否从荷瘤小鼠骨髓细胞诱导出功能正常、具有抗肿瘤作用的树突状细胞(DC),与正常小鼠骨髓来源的DC比较有无差异。方法:于体外用mGM-CSF和mIL-4分别从正常小鼠和CT26结肠腺瘤小鼠的骨髓细胞诱导DC,并用CT26肿瘤细胞抗原冲击致敏。用相差显微镜观察DC的形态学变化;流式细胞术检测CT26肿瘤细胞抗原致敏前后DC表面分子变化;3H-TdR掺入法检测肿瘤抗原致敏DC刺激T细胞增殖的能力;乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)4 h释放法检测肿瘤抗原致敏DC诱导同基因T细胞增殖、分化为细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)的杀伤活性。结果:荷瘤小鼠骨髓来源DC与正常小鼠骨髓来源DC的Ia-Kd、H-2Kd、CD80、CD86I、CAM-1表达水平和它们刺激T细胞增殖的能力以及所诱导产生的CTL杀伤活性均无显著性差异。结论:荷瘤小鼠骨髓来源的DC与正常小鼠骨髓来源的DC具有相似的功能和抗肿瘤作用,提示可以从荷瘤机体的DC前体诱导出具有抗肿瘤作用的DC用于肿瘤的免疫治疗。     

脂类分子内佐剂Th/CTL多表位肽体内诱导HLA-A2转基因鼠HBV特异性CTL应答的研究

目的 探索如何在体内启动对外源性合成肽抗原的HLA Ⅰ类分子限制性CD8 T细胞应答.方法 应用分子设计方法设计、合成基于免疫优势性HBcAg CTL表位、PreS2 B细胞表位和破伤风类毒素通用T表位的多肽,并在氨基端导入脂类分子内佐剂,分别与以完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)和不完全弗氏佐剂(IFA)乳化的多肽抗原相比较,在HLA-A2转基因小鼠体内对其诱导T细胞Th1型极化、CD8 CTL扩增及CD8 CTL介导的HBV特异性细胞毒活性的功能进行研究.结果 含脂质分子内佐剂的Th/CTL多表位肽可在HLA-A2转基因小鼠体内诱导强而有效的Th1型极化和CD8 CTL扩增及HBV特异性CD8 CTL介导的细胞毒活性,其免疫原性显著高于CFA和IFA乳化的多肽(P＜0.05);而后二者其免疫原性未见显著差异.结论 Th/CTL多表位肽设计并引入脂质分子内佐剂是在体内有效诱导抗原特异性CTL应答并降低抗原制剂毒副作用的有效途径.     

强脊康对小鼠免疫功能影响的实验研究

目的研究中药复方强脊康对小鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫功能的影响,为其临床治疗强直性脊柱炎提供实验依据。方法制备小鼠免疫超常和免疫抑制模型,灌胃给药中药强脊康。采用绵羊红细胞的定量溶血测定法（QHS法）、溶血素的分光光度法和McAb间接免疫荧光法,分别检测小鼠脾脏细胞分泌抗体能力、血清溶血素水平和胸腺CD4＋、CD8＋T细胞亚群。结果强脊康能够抑制免疫超常模型小鼠脾脏抗体形成细胞产生和分泌抗体能力,降低血清溶血素水平;能够显著降低免疫超常模型小鼠胸腺CD4＋、CD8＋T细胞亚群及CD4＋/CD8＋比值,明显升高免疫抑制模型小鼠胸腺CD4＋、CD8＋T细胞亚群及CD4＋/CD8＋比值。结论中药强脊康能抑制免疫亢进小鼠的体液免疫功能;对免疫亢进和抑制小鼠的细胞免疫功能起到双向调节作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.