巨大肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤1例报告并文献复习

肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤属临床罕见肿瘤,通常为良性非分泌型肿瘤,但也可伴激素异常分泌,部分具有恶变倾向,常于体检时偶然发现,治疗主要以手术切除为主[1]。我院2010年1月诊治1例巨大肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤,现结合相关文献对该肿瘤的组织学特点、     

肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床病理特征和腹腔镜手术

目的探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床病理特征及微创治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2017年2月肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤4例的临床资料,并进行相关文献复习。女2例,男2例,年龄15～59岁,平均42岁。2例女性表现为男性化,均有多次自然流产史。2例腰背部疼痛。术前CT均提示肾上腺肿瘤,4例均行后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术。结果均手术顺利,术后病理测量肿瘤直径3.0～9.0 cm,(5.10±2.76)cm。病理均提示肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤:肿瘤组织嗜酸性明显,大部分区域肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,未见明确核分裂象。均未见出血、坏死、包膜或血管受侵犯。术后随访9～60个月,平均44个月,未见复发。结论肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤体积多较大,绝大多数临床表现多样复杂,极易与其他肾上腺肿瘤混淆,病理方能确诊,微创手术治疗预后较好。     

甲状腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤15例诊治分析

目的进一步探讨甲状腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗。方法分析2001-2007年上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院外科诊治15例甲状腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床资料、手术方式和苏木精伊红染色（HE）切片结果。结果14 例经病理证实为嗜酸细胞腺瘤,1例为一侧嗜酸细胞腺瘤合并对侧嗜酸细胞腺癌。术中冰冻切片仅有6例明确诊断,其余均依赖术后石蜡切片确诊。行患侧全切或近全切除3例 ,患侧次全切除12例。随访1～7年,中位随访时间38个月,无复发及死亡。结论甲状腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤有潜在恶性可能,手术是治疗嗜酸细胞肿瘤的有效手段。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤27例诊疗分析

目的:探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床特点,提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊疗水平。方法:回顾性分析2004年6月~2014年12月在长海医院就诊的27例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料,包括临床症状、辅助检查、治疗方法、病理检查结果及预后情况等。结果:本组27例患者占同期肾肿瘤患者0.99%,因体检发现20例,其余表现为腰部不适4例,间歇性肉眼血尿2例,发热1例。术前影像学检查包括B超、CT、MRI,无一例明确考虑为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。行保留肾单位手术17例,肾癌根治术10例。术后经病理检查确诊为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。25例患者获得随访,其中23例预后良好,2例非肿瘤原因死亡。2例失访。结论:肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种少见的肾脏良性肿瘤,术前影像学检查对于明确嗜酸细胞腺瘤诊断并不可靠,穿刺活检的临床应用存有争议,确诊仍有赖于病理检查;治疗上建议行保留肾单位手术。该病预后良好,但仍需积极检测。     

肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床及病理特点。方法:回顾性分析1例肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料:男,54岁,体检时B超发现左肾上腺区肿物,CT检查发现6.0cm×5.3cm肾上腺区肿物。肾素、醛固酮、儿茶酚胺实验值均正常。行肾上腺肿物切除术。结果:术中发现肿物体积较大,包膜完整光滑,与周围组织无粘连,肿物表面血管较为丰富,术中触碰肿物,血压无波动,遂完整切除肿物。术后病理检查显示肿瘤细胞嗜酸性,内部充满颗粒,诊断为肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤。随访6个月无复发。结论:肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种具有潜在恶性的良性肿瘤,可手术切除,但术后需密切随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤伴潜在恶性1例报告并文献复习

目的：探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊断、治疗和预后,提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊疗水平。方法：对本院1例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床特点、治疗方法、病理特征以及治疗预后进行分析,并结合文献探讨其鉴别诊断及治疗预后。结果：影像学诊断为肾脏肿物,术后病理学检查为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤,灶性侵犯肾实质,伴潜在恶性。对其实施根治性肾切除术并术后免疫治疗。结论：肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种罕见的肾脏良性肿瘤,极少数潜在恶性或恶变,男女均可发病,术前诊断较困难易误诊为肾癌。治疗首选保留肾单位手术,对有潜在恶性和恶性的以肾癌治疗指南来进行,并且密切随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊疗分析(附8例报告)

目的:探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床、影像学及病理特点,提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析8例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料。临床表现为左腰痛1例,腰酸及镜下血尿1例,余6例由体检发现。8例均行超声和CT检查,1例行MRI及IVP检查。5例术前诊断为肾癌,2例术前怀疑肾癌,但良性病变不除外,1例诊断为肾盂癌。5例行肾部分切除术,2例行根治性肾切除术,1例行腹腔镜肾、输尿管及部分膀胱切除术。结果:术后病理检查均诊断为肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤。肉眼观察肿瘤边界清楚;光镜下见肿瘤无明显异型性和核分裂相;电镜下胞浆内见大量线粒体。术后随访2个月～7年,所有病例均未出现复发和转移。结论:肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种较少见的肾脏良性肿瘤,多无明显临床症状;影像学检查有阳性发现,但在区分良恶性上不可靠;确诊有赖于病理检查。治疗上首选保留肾单位手术,术中冷冻病理切片可对手术提供重要信息,其预后良好,但应密切随访。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤诊治分析(附26例报告)

目的 提高肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊治水平.方法 回顾性分析1997年至2010年26例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料.20例行肾切除,6例行肾部分切除.结果 26例中,25例诊断考虑肾癌,4例发现有浸润,21例肿瘤直径小于4 cm.随访1～156个月,均无转移与复发.结论 部分肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤会有浸润,但不影响其良性性质.临床上...     

黏液样肾上腺皮质腺瘤一例报告及文献复习

目的 探讨黏液样肾上腺皮质腺瘤的临床病理特点及治疗方法.方法 分析1例黏液样肾上腺皮质腺瘤患者的临床资料,总结其临床表现、影像学特点、病理学结果及治疗方法,结合文献复习讨论.患者,女,43岁.主诉反复发作头痛、乏力10年,伴高血压、低血钾症.B超提示左肾上腺4.1 crux 3.4 cm低回声实性占位,CT提示肾上腺内2.5 cm×3.8 cm×4.0 cm肿物,CT值24HU,增强后瘤体外周CT值41 HU,中心未见明显强化.结果 患者行腹腔镜下手术,完整切除肿瘤及同侧肾上腺.病理报告:肿物灰粉灰红色相间,质地较硬.肿物剖面呈灰粉灰黄相间的胶冻样物,可见散在出血点.镜下肿瘤细胞大小一致,细胞境界清楚,核膜及核仁无明显异型性,未见核分裂象.肿瘤细胞内可见黏液样物质,部分区域可见细胞周围黏液样基质.免疫组织化学及特殊染色结果:波形纤维蛋白(+)、黑色素蛋白一A(+),阿尔辛蓝/对氨基水杨酸染色(+).病理诊断:黏液样肾上腺皮质腺瘤.术后患者血压及血钾等各项生化指标恢复正常,随访6个月未见肿瘤复发.结论 黏液样肾上腺皮质腺瘤是少见的肾上腺皮质肿瘤,确诊需依靠病理学检查,手术切除肿瘤及同侧肾上腺为首选治疗.     

肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞肿瘤7例临床分析

目的 探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床和病理学特点.方法 回顾性分析7例肾上腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床资料.结果 7例患者中,1例表现为女性男性化,2例表现为皮质醇增多症,4例无特异表现,肿瘤大小1.5 cm×1.5 cm×2 cm～8 cm× 8cm×9 cm,包膜完整,与周围没有粘连.切面为灰黄色,光镜下胞质内含丰富的嗜酸颗粒,细胞无明显异型性和核分裂相.3例免疫组化NSE（＋）、VIM（＋）.7例均诊断为良性肿瘤,手术切除后未见肿瘤复发和转移.结论 肾上腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤有其自身的特点,大多是没有功能的,发现时一般肿瘤体积比较大,应该根据肿瘤的病理学特征进行良恶性鉴别,术后需要随访.     

Adrenal adenoma with bilateral testicular Leydig cell tumor: a case report

A case of left adrenal adenoma with bilateral testicular Leydig cell tumor in a 38-year-old man is reported. He had received bilateral orchiectomy for testicular Leydig cell tumor at the age of 37. After operation computed tomography revealed left adrenal mass and aldosterone-secreting adrenal tumor was suspected. Left adrenalectomy was performed and histopathological diagnosis was adrenocortical adenoma. Serum ACTH, aldosterone and plasma renin activity were still high after operation. The adrenal cortex and gonads are of common embryologic origin and the histologic pattern may overlap. Examination of the adrenal gland is necessary for the patient with a testicular Leydig cell tumor.     

肾上腺皮质腺瘤性征异常症的诊治探讨(附5例报告)

目的:探讨肾上腺皮质腺瘤性征异常症的诊断及治疗。方法:回顾性分析1998年1月～2003年12月5例分泌性激素的肾上腺腺瘤的临床资料。根据临床特点及影像学检查,诊断为肾上腺肿瘤,4例开放手术,1例后腹腔镜手术。结果:性征异常消失,术后病理检查证实为腺瘤。随访1～5年无复发。结论:根据临床表现并结合MRI、CT等影像学检查,可做出临床诊断,手术是惟一有效的治疗方法。肾上腺皮质肿瘤的良恶性仅根据肿瘤的病理组织象,也非绝对可靠,只有非肾上腺组织或器官发生同一类皮质癌转移时才是确诊癌的标准。     

Nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenoma: a report of two cases

Two cases of nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenoma are herein reported. The adrenal tumor was found incidentally by computed tomography in both patients. Preoperative evaluation revealed that both patients had neither abnormal values in a variety of adrenal function studies nor any recognizable clinical signs associated with adrenal tumor. Following a definitive diagnosis of nonfunctioning adrenal tumors, surgical extirpation was performed in both cases. Histopathological finding was adrenocortical adenoma. Nonfunctioning adrenocortical tumor will be found more frequently with the increasing use of computed tomography in ordinary clinical practice. The management of nonfunctioning adrenocortical tumor is briefly discussed.     

Feminizing adrenocortical tumor]

Feminizing adrenocortical tumor is rare. Three patients with feminizing adrenocortical tumor (2 males and 1 female) were treated surgically. The age of the patients was 11, 21 and 32 years old respectively. The removed tumors weighing 70 g, 250g and 31g respectively and they all were adrenocortical adenoma. The chief symptoms of the patients were gynecomastia, orchiatrophy and sexual inadequacy. The results of follow-up for 1-11 years showed no recurrence in all 3 patients. We consider that the tumor should be resected as soon as the diagnosis was established and long-term follow-up should be made after operation.     

女性肾上腺性征异常症61例临床分析

目的探讨女性肾上腺性征异常症的诊断与治疗特点。方法1995年1月至2004年1月收治女性肾上腺性征异常症患者61例，其中先天性肾上腺增生（CAH）54例，男性化肾上腺肿瘤7例。54例CAH患者中。21羟化酶缺乏（21-OHD）43例（79．6％），均补充氢化可的松20～25mg／d；118羟化酶缺乏（11β-OHD）3例（5．6％），服用地塞米松1．0～1．5mg／d；17羟化酶缺乏（17-OHD）8例（14．8％），服用地塞米松。青春期后补充雌激素。27例CAH患者行外阴成形术。7例男性化肾上腺肿瘤患者均手术切除肿瘤。结果27例坚持服药并到达青春期的CAH患者中，月经正常20例，生育5例，1例外阴成形术后出现阴道狭窄，其余术后良好。男性化肾上腺肿瘤术后病理为肾上腺皮质腺瘤6例，皮质癌1例；随访8～109个月，男性化体征改善，1例皮质癌和2例腺瘤患者分别于术后9、16、28个月复发死亡，余4例未见复发。结论女性CAH患者坚持补充激素，必要时行外阴成形术。效果满意。男性化肾上腺肿瘤应手术治疗，腺瘤效果好，皮质癌预后差。     

A case of non-functional adrenocortical adenoma showing enlargement in size during follow-up period

A case of non-functional adrenocortical adenoma is reported. The patient was a 62-year-old woman with the chief complaint of right hypochondoralgia. The small right adrenal tumor was found incidentally by ultrasonography on examination for cholecystolithiasis. Since there was no evidence of malignancy from biochemical data, observation of the tumor was performed for 3 months. However, the lesion was gradually increased in size. Therefore, right adrenalectomy was performed. Histological findings revealed benign adrenocortical adenoma. In the Japanese literature this case seems to be the 36th case of non-functional adrenocortical adenoma.     

Laparoscopic Bilateral Partial Adrenalectomy for Adrenocortical Adenomas Causing Cushing's Syndrome: Report of a Case

Laparoscopic total adrenalectomy has become a standard technique for small adrenal tumors; however, bilateral adrenalectomy results in postoperative adrenal insufficiency, necessitating lifelong steroid replacement. To preserve adrenocortical function in a 41-year-old woman with bilateral adrenocortical adenoma (BAA) causing Cushing's syndrome, we performed laparoscopic bilateral partial adrenalectomy. We based our preoperative diagnosis of bilateral adrenocortical tumors causing Cushing's syndrome on the results of endocrinological investigations and imaging findings. Thus, we performed lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic bilateral partial adrenalectomy, preserving the adrenal glands, which were normal. Pathological examination of both tumors confirmed the diagnosis of adrenocortical adenoma. The patient had no postoperative complications, and her adrenocortical function was normal without steroid replacement at her 10-month follow-up. This report shows that Cushing's syndrome resulting from bilateral adenomas can be effectively treated by laparoscopic bilateral partial adrenalectomy as a minimally invasive, adrenocortical-preserving operation.     

肾上腺功能性色素性皮质腺瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的：探讨肾上腺功能性色素性皮质腺瘤的临床及病理学特征。方法：回顾性分析1例肾上腺功能性色素性皮质腺瘤患者的诊治情况,并复习有关文献探讨其临床特征。结果：肾上腺功能性色素性皮质腺瘤临床上十分罕见,无特异性表现,影像学检查提示有肾上腺腺瘤病变,病理检查可见肿瘤细胞胞质内有特异性脂褐质存在。结论：肾上腺功能性色素性皮质腺瘤的诊断主要依靠病理检查,治疗以手术为主。