The reverse dorsal metacarpal flap from the first web

Summary Experience with the distally pedicled first dorsal metacarpal flap is presented. The anatomical basis of the flap is discussed, and four examples are presented from a group of ten cases. In this series, all flaps were successful. The possibility of using a second web reverse dorsal metacarpal flap and venous reverse flap of the dorsal part of the hand is also discussed.     

The reverse dorsal metacarpal flap: experience with 153 cases

The authors have performed reverse dorsal metacarpal flaps in 153 cases to cover skin defects over fingers or stumps during the past 15 years. Its indications included acute and chronic skin defects over the second to fifth fingers or stumps. The coverage of the flap ranged from the base of the fingers to the distal interphalangeal joint. One hundred forty-three cases survived uneventfully, and 8 cases presented venous congestion postoperatively, which led to epidermal necrosis. The reverse dorsal metacarpal flap is a reliable and excellent method to cover skin defects over the fingers.     

Composite (tenocutaneous) dorsal metacarpal flap with reverse flow

The composite dorsal metacarpal flap with reverse flow can be very useful in providing cover of complex defects of the dorsal side of the metacarpal phalangeal area. Two cases are presented in which a loss of skin and tendons was successfully covered with such a flap. Stable cover and good function is achieved with minimal donor site morbidity. Received: 7 December 1997 / Accepted: 2 February 1998     

跨区供血的手部微型岛状皮瓣的设计和应用

目的：探索修复手指中节和末节皮肤缺损的新方法。方法：16例新鲜肢体血管灌注氧化铅－明胶混合液,通过X线片显示手背及指背皮肤内的血管结构和血管之间吻合类型。在此基础上设计并应用了两种不同的跨区供血的手部微型岛状皮瓣,1999年以来共应用14例（以指动脉侧支为蒂的掌背逆行岛状皮瓣8例和以指动脉背侧支为蒂的邻指背侧逆行岛状皮瓣6例）。结果：对指背及掌背皮肤进行解剖,结果表明指动脉背侧皮支与掌背动脉的指背支相互吻合形成皮下血管吻合支,是上述两种皮瓣的解剖基础。临床应用14例,皮瓣全部成活,皮瓣色泽、厚度与质地与手部受区皮肤接近。结论：跨区供血的手部微型岛状皮瓣扩大了指背和掌逆行岛状皮瓣的旋转弧度,为修复手指中节和末节皮肤缺损提供了一种新方法。     

掌背动脉逆行筋膜瓣治疗指伸肌腱严重粘连26例

目的报道用带掌背动脉的逆行筋膜瓣治疗指伸肌腱严重粘连的方法及临床疗效。方法用掌背动脉筋膜瓣逆行转位覆盖裸露的骨质与硬韧的瘢痕,为防止肌腱松解术后再次粘连提供良好的软组织床。结果本组用带掌背动脉的逆行筋膜瓣治疗指伸肌腱严重粘连26例28指,术后对26例病人行2～6个月的随访,无1例指伸肌腱再次发生粘连。结论用带掌背动脉的逆行筋膜瓣治疗指伸肌腱严重粘连,临床效果良好。     

The second dorsal metacarpal artery neurovascular island flap

The clinical applications of the second dorsal metacarpal artery island flap are illustrated by selective case reports from a series of 12 consecutive cases carried out in this Unit. In five cases the flap was transferred as a neurovascular island flap for sensory resurfacing of the thumb. There were no failures and no donor site complications. The anatomy and clinical dissection of the flap are described.     

双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤的方法.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月,对28例28指末节脱套伤患者,应用双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣修复,其中示指10指,中指13指,环指5指,缺损平面均在远侧指问关节以远,脱套末节长度0.8～2.2 cm.急诊手术24指,末节皮肤坏死二期手术4指.结果 28例28指皮瓣.除3例皮瓣远端部分张力性水泡形成表皮坏死结痴经换药愈合外,余全部成活.25例经4～27个月随访,外形、感觉和功能恢复满意,静态两点辨距觉达6.0～9.0 mm,平均7.6 mm.结论 双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤,手术简便、安全,疗程短,效果满意.     

双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤的方法.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月,对28例28指末节脱套伤患者,应用双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣修复,其中示指10指,中指13指,环指5指,缺损平面均在远侧指问关节以远,脱套末节长度0.8～2.2 cm.急诊手术24指,末节皮肤坏死二期手术4指.结果 28例28指皮瓣.除3例皮瓣远端部分张力性水泡形成表皮坏死结痴经换药愈合外,余全部成活.25例经4～27个月随访,外形、感觉和功能恢复满意,静态两点辨距觉达6.0～9.0 mm,平均7.6 mm.结论 双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤,手术简便、安全,疗程短,效果满意.     

双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤

目的 探讨双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤的方法.方法 2005年1月至2008年3月,对28例28指末节脱套伤患者,应用双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣修复,其中示指10指,中指13指,环指5指,缺损平面均在远侧指问关节以远,脱套末节长度0.8～2.2 cm.急诊手术24指,末节皮肤坏死二期手术4指.结果 28例28指皮瓣.除3例皮瓣远端部分张力性水泡形成表皮坏死结痴经换药愈合外,余全部成活.25例经4～27个月随访,外形、感觉和功能恢复满意,静态两点辨距觉达6.0～9.0 mm,平均7.6 mm.结论 双蒂掌背动脉逆行皮瓣治疗手指末节脱套伤,手术简便、安全,疗程短,效果满意.     

The second dorsal metacarpal artery neurovascular island flap

Eleven patients have had second dorsal metacarpal sensate island flaps used to cover local skin defects in the hand. The arterial supply is reliable but if the flap is extended beyond the proximal interphalangeal joint, distal flap necrosis or donor site difficulties may occur. Possible applications for this flap are demonstrated and some untried variations to increase its range are suggested. Its main use appears to be in the release of first web contractures and for resurfacing radio-palmar and thumb defects.     

The first dorsal metacarpal artery neurovascular island flap

A first dorsal metacarpal artery island flap from the index finger was used in 20 cases for reconstruction of defects in the hand. In six cases it was used as a neurovascular flap for sensory resurfacing of the thumb and in five cases for release of a contracted first web. One flap underwent necrosis and there was a complication in one donor site.     

Coverage of dorsal-ulnar hand wounds with a reverse second dorsal metacarpal artery flap

This article introduces the use of a modified reverse dorsal hand flap harvested from the radial portion of the dorsal hand and wrist and the distal portion of the dorsal forearm for reconstruction of a large defect involving the third to fifth metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints and the proximal phalanges. From May 2005 to August 2008, a modified reverse dorsal hand flap was transferred in 12 hands in 12 patients (9 male and 3 female). The mean age at flap transfer was 34.2 years (range: 23 to 50 years) old. All flaps survived. At final follow-up (mean, 28 months; range: 25 to 32 months), the mean active range of motion arcs of the third, fourth, and fifth MCP joints were 85 degrees (range: 65 to 97 degrees), 84 degrees (range: 60 to 90 degrees), and 83 degrees (range: 58 to 94 degrees), respectively. Our technique is useful and reliable for coverage of a large defect involving the third to fifth MCP joints and the proximal phalanges.     

Retrospective study of reverse dorsal metacarpal flap and compound flap： a review of 122 cases

SincethereversedorsalmetacarpalflapisreportedbyLUetalinChina,QuabaetalandMaruyamainBritainin1990,14thisflapanditscompoundflaphavebeenappliedtorepairsofttissuedefectson fingersuniversallyduetoitstextureandcolormatched withnormalfingers.Inordertogainbetterapplianceofthiskindo flap,weanalyzedrespectivelytheoperativeindications andtherangeofrepairingbasedonfollow upof122casesfor112years.METHODS ClinicaldataFrom1990to2003,weappliedthereversedorsa metacarpalflapanditscompoundflapin122cases,whic…     

桡动脉腕背分支为蒂的手背逆行岛状筋膜皮瓣的临床应用

目的探讨手背部桡动脉腕背分支为蒂的三种逆行岛状筋膜皮瓣的手术方法及临床应用。方法桡动脉在腕背鼻烟窝穿出,与尺动脉掌深弓吻合之前,发出腕背皮支、第1掌背动脉、拇指背侧支以三支动脉为蒂,形成逆行鼻烟窝皮瓣、第1掌背动脉皮瓣、拇指背侧动脉皮瓣,修复虎口挛缩和指、示指、腕掌、腕背侧皮肤缺损。结果切取桡动脉腕背皮支逆行岛状皮瓣13例,修复拇指、虎口、指、腕掌、腕背组织损伤及缺损。术后随访皮瓣外形及手功能恢复效果满意。结论桡动脉腕背分支行岛状筋膜皮瓣血运好,质地柔软,切取方便,不牺牲主要动脉,是修复手部皮肤缺损的一种简单安全、损伤小的方法。     

Extended reverse dorsal metacarpal artery flap: clinical experience and donor site morbidity.

Extended reverse dorsal metacarpal artery (RDMA) flaps use the skin from the dorsum of the hand to cover defects of the long fingers up to the distal phalanx. The authors present a series of 12 patients who underwent closure of defects of the long fingers with these flaps. As relevant literature is scarce, special emphasis was put on donor site morbidity. Active and passive total range of motion (TRM) and pinch grip strength of the finger neighbouring the reconstructed one were evaluated and compared to the corresponding finger of the contralateral hand. The donor site was furthermore evaluated for cosmetic appearance and pain. There was no statistically significant difference for active and passive TRM. The difference for pinch grip reached statistical significance (p=0.04). Subjective evaluation of pain and cosmetic appearance by the patients revealed a mean pain value of 1.25 on a visual analogue scale (0=no pain, 10=maximal imaginable pain) and a mean estimation of cosmetic appearance of 8 (visual analogue scale, 0=worst cosmetic result, 10=best cosmetic result). In conclusion, compared to other flaps, the extended RDMA flap is a fast, secure and single-stage procedure for defect coverage on the long fingers with low donor site morbidity.     

Direct and reverse dorsal metacarpal flaps.

We reviewed the anatomy of vascular systems used for both direct and reverse dorsal metacarpal flaps. The three-dimensional arrangement of the dorsal arterial network of the hand was examined. The collateral and terminal branches of this dorsal arterial network are described as a potential source of blood supply for composite flaps. Three types of dorsal-palmar anastomotic network were identified at the first and second metacarpal spaces, in the web space area. They could provide blood supply to reverse metacarpal flaps. Results of a series of 12 cases of reverse metacarpal flaps are given.     

Distally based dorsal metacarpal artery island flap

Summary The use of a distally based third dorsal metacarpal artery island flap to resurface three-fourths of the proximal phalanx of the ring finger is reported.     

掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

目的 报道第2、3、4掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复2～5指近中节软组织缺损的效果.方法从1993年4月至1998年7月,应用掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损7例10指.软组织缺损平均为 2.5cm xl.5cm.其中1例因合并指骨缺损行带掌骨复合组织移植.结果经半年～6年的随访,皮瓣全部成活,供区植皮全部生长愈合,手指外形良好.结论此皮瓣质地好,血供恒定,适宜于修复手指近中节软组织缺损.     

掌背动脉逆行皮瓣及复合组织瓣的临床回顾性研究

目的 探讨用掌背动脉皮瓣及复合组织瓣修复手指组织缺损的临床效果。方法 对122例病例用掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣及复合组织瓣的临床应用做一回顾性分析。对手术病例就其手术适应证、组织供血特点、静脉回流方式、复合组织移植的种类及远期疗效进行总结和分析。结果 122例皮瓣及复合组织瓣术后均成活，受区手指外形及功能均满意；手背供区外形及功能正常。结论 掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣及复合组织瓣是修复手指软组织和功能重建的较为理想的手术方法，具有临床推广应用价值。