支气管哮喘病人生存质量量表与哮喘控制测试量表的对比研究

[目的]探讨5分制支气管哮喘病人生存质量量表与哮喘控制测试量表（ACT）的相符情况。[方法]对确诊为支气管哮喘的44例病人经门诊治疗2个月后，同时填写5分制支气管哮喘病人生存质量量表与哮喘控制测试量表，对所得数据以5分制哮喘生存质量量表得分为依据进行分组再行统计学处理。[结果]生存质量量表得分与ACT量表得分与评价设计高度一致、完全相符，且组间比较具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。[结论]两表可作为临床护理评估和／或监测支气管哮喘病人病情控制情况的工具，尤其是ACT量表，简单明了，方便易用，对临床护理工作有极大的帮助，值得推广。     

护理干预对支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素依从性的效果研究

[目的]观察护理干预对支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性的影响.[方法]将80例支气管哮喘并吸入糖皮质激素的病人随机分为两组,对照组予常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上实施一系列护理干预,12个月后观察两组病人激素治疗依从性及哮喘控制测试(ACT)得分情况.[结果]干预组与对照组病人治疗依从性分别为70.0%与30.0%;干预组ACT得分较对照组明显升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).[结论]护理干预可提高哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗的依从性.     

支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性和病情控制的相关性研究

[目的]探讨哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性和哮喘控制间的关系,为有效预防和控制支气管哮喘提供理论依据.[方法]采用一般资料调查表、哮喘相关知识问卷、吸入糖皮质激素依从性量表、哮喘控制测试(ACT)量表,于2007年2月-2008年2月对204例支气管哮喘病人进行问卷调查,采集病史、症状,并记录肺通气功能检查结果.[结果]支气管哮喘病人哮喘相关知识得分(60.70±9.88)分;依从性总分为(14.69±3.57)分;支气管哮喘病人控制总分为(18.09±5.03)分;支气管哮喘病人依从性与控制率呈正相关(r=0.185,P＜0.01).[结论]随着支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性的提高,哮喘控制水平也相应提高,同时,其他一些因素也会影响其治疗依从性和哮喘控制水平.     

护理干预对支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素依从性的效果研究

[目的]观察护理干预对支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性的影响。[方法]将80例支气管哮喘并吸入糖皮质激素的病人随机分为两组,对照组予常规护理,干预组在常规护理基础上实施一系列护理干预,12个月后观察两组病人激素治疗依从性及哮喘控制测试(ACT)得分情况。[结果]干预组与对照组病人治疗依从性分别为70.0%与30.0%;干预组ACT得分较对照组明显升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。[结论]护理干预可提高哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗的依从性。     

支气管哮喘患者抑郁情绪、哮喘控制及生存质量的调查分析

目的：对支气管哮喘（简称支喘）患者的抑郁情绪发生情况、哮喘控制测试（ACT）得分及生存质量进行调查分析。方法：对确诊的44例支喘患者经治疗后同时填写抑郁相关心理测试（CES-D）量表、ACT量表和生存质量量表．对所得数据以CES-D得分按有无抑郁情绪排序进行统计学处理。结果：有抑郁情绪的支喘患者超过20％.有、无抑郁情绪组间生存质量及其5个构成因素中的哮喘症状、心理状况、对刺激原的反应和对自身健康的关心的比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．05），ACT得分及构成生存质量因素中的活动受限组间比较差异虽未见显著性（P〉0．05）。但其得分均值与设计相符；相关分析显示，支喘患者的抑郁情绪与生存质量及构成生存质量5因素中的心理状况和对自身健康的关心呈明显的负相关关系（P〈0．05），与ACT得分及构成生存质量其他3个因素则未见明显相关（P〉0．05）。结论：要减轻和消除支喘患者的抑郁情绪，提高其ACT得分和生存质量，一方面要有效地控制病情，另一方面要在精神心理层面采取有效的措施，例如采用健康教育辅导等，双管齐下方可奏效。     

延伸护理干预对支气管哮喘病人生活质量的影响

[目的]探讨延伸护理干预对支气管哮喘病人生活质量的影响。[方法]将53例支气管哮喘病人,采用随机数字表法分为观察组27例和对照组26例,对照组出院后不给予延伸护理干预,观察组出院后实施院外延伸护理干预,在住院常规护理的基础上,针对病人对哮喘知识、技能掌握程度及症状、体征,进行个性化的延伸护理干预,于出院前和出院后3个月采用哮喘病人生活质量量表(AQLQ5分制)评估两组病人的生存质量。[结果]出院3个月后观察组 AQLQ量表评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]延伸护理干预对控制支气管哮喘病人症状、提升生活质量有重要作用。     

临床护理路径在哮喘急性发作期的应用

[目的]探讨应用临床护理路径在支气管哮喘（BA）急性发作期患者中护理实施中的临床效果.[方法]将80例BA急性期患者随机分为治疗组40例和对照组40例,治疗组按卫生部颁发的支气管哮喘急性发作期患者临床路径表实施每日治疗和护理工作,对照组进行支气管哮喘常规治疗护理,并行哮喘控制问卷（ACT）评分,比较两组的疗效.[结果]治疗组哮喘控制问卷（ACT）评分较对照组升高（P〈0.05）,患者平均住院日、住院治疗费用、治疗效果等方面较对照组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.[结论]临床护理路径应用于支气管哮喘急性发作期患者,可有效提高护理质量、提高临床疗效、减轻患者经济负担.     

支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性和病情控制的相关性研究

[目的]探讨哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性和哮喘控制间的关系,为有效预防和控制支气管哮喘提供理论依据。[方法]采用一般资料调查表、哮喘相关知识问卷、吸入糖皮质激素依从性量表、哮喘控制测试（ACT）量表,于2007年2月—2008年2月对204例支气管哮喘病人进行问卷调查,采集病史、症状,并记录肺通气功能检查结果。[结果]支气管哮喘病人哮喘相关知识得分（60.70&#177;9.88）分;依从性总分为（14.69&#177;3.57）分;支气管哮喘病人控制总分为（18.09&#177;5.03）分;支气管哮喘病人依从性与控制率呈正相关（r=0.185,P〈0.01）。[结论]随着支气管哮喘病人吸入糖皮质激素治疗依从性的提高,哮喘控制水平也相应提高,同时,其他一些因素也会影响其治疗依从性和哮喘控制水平。     

支气管哮喘病人心理分析及干预

[目的]探讨心理社会因素对支气管哮喘病人的影响,对不良心理因素给予干预、提高其生活质量.[方法]采用生活事件量表(LES)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对85例哮喘病人及80例健康对照组进行调查.[结果]与对照组比较,哮喘病人的生活事件、躯体化、焦虑、强迫、人际关系敏感、恐惧、抑郁等因素差异均有统计学意义.[结论]对支气管哮喘病人应加强心理护理,提高病人自我管理意识和生活质量.     

30例支气管哮喘患儿缓解期的社区护理干预

[目的]探讨支气管哮喘患儿缓解期的社区护理干预.[方法]对30例支气管哮喘患儿进行缓解期社区护理干预.[结果]支气管哮喘患儿病情得到明显的控制,其中临床控制5例,显效20例,好转5例.[结论]对支气管哮喘患儿进行缓解期社区护理干预,提高患儿生活质量.     

Reliability and validity of a chinese version of the pediatric asthma symptoms scale

As a construct, asthmatic severity provides a framework to understand the different reaction in children to their condition. Assessing asthmatic severity is a challenging task for most researchers and clinicians due to a lack of valid instruments to measure the severity of asthma of children in home settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Pediatric Asthma Symptoms Scale (C-PASS) as applied to an ethnic Chinese population in Taiwan. Firstly, five pediatric nurses holding masters' degrees assessed consistency between Chinese and English versions of the Pediatric Asthma Symptoms Scale. Secondly, internal consistent reliability, split-half reliability, content validity, criterion-related validity, and construct validity were established. An 8-item C-PASS was completed by mothers of 70 children (65.7% boys) of ages 8.35 years. Both the internal consistency and Guttman split-half reliability were .87. The content validity index (CVI) was over .80. The correlation coefficient between C-PASS and concurrent measures of the rating of lost control of life by mothers was .273 (p = .022). The criterion-related validity was supported for C-PASS. Factor analysis indicated that a scale of two dimensions accounted for 67.92% of the variance. A high inter-correlation was further identified between these two dimensions. Results showed C-PASS to be a reliable and valid instrument when used on Taiwanese children with asthma. It can serve as a valuable assessment tool in clinical practice to identify asthmatic severity levels for which intervention is advised.     

Clinical asthma syndromes and important asthma mimics

Asthma is a heterogeneous disorder with multiple clinical phenotypes. Phenotypes can be grouped into clinical or physiological, trigger-defined, and inflammatory phenotypes. Treatment based on inflammatory phenotyping improves clinical measures of asthma morbidity. Further study of individual asthma phenotypes will improve understanding of their immunologic and pathologic characteristics and improve diagnosis and therapy. Because asthma is a common disorder with nonspecific presenting features, other disorders are often misdiagnosed as asthma. A high index of suspicion for alternative diagnoses must be maintained when evaluating a patient who presents with clinical features suggestive of asthma, particularly if the patient presents with atypical symptoms or fails to respond to therapy.     

Obesity and asthma

Obesity is an important public health problem. An increasing body of data supports the hypothesis that obesity is a risk factor for asthma. These data include numerous large cross-sectional and prospective studies performed in adults, adolescents, and children throughout the world. With few exceptions, these studies indicate an increased relative risk of asthma in the obese and overweight and demonstrate that obesity antedates asthma. Obesity appears to be a particularly important issue for severe asthma. Studies showing improvements in asthma in subjects who lose weight, as well as studies showing that obese mice have innate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) as well as increased responses to certain asthma triggers also suggest a causal relationship between obesity and asthma. The mechanistic basis for this relationship has not been established. It may be that obesity and asthma share some common etiology, such as a common genetic predisposition, common effects of in utero conditions, or that obesity and asthma are both the result of some other predisposing factor such as physical activity or diet. However, there are also plausible biological mechanisms whereby obesity could be expected to either cause or worsen asthma. These include co-morbidities such as gastroesophageal reflux, complications from sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), breathing at low lung volume, chronic systemic inflammation, and endocrine factors, including adipokines and reproductive hormones. Understanding the mechanistic basis for the relationship between obesity and asthma may lead to new therapeutic strategies for treatment of this susceptible population.     

Sinusitis and asthma

Knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of sinusitis is essential to the care of the patient with asthma. Interest in the association of this disease and bronchial asthma has been renewed during the past decade, although it had been recognized for years. Sinusitis is more common in subjects with asthma, especially those with the aspirin triad (aspirin intolerance, asthma, and nasal polyps). Proper treatment by medical and/or surgical means will frequently result in significant improvement of asthma.