重硅油应用眼内短期填充15例临床分析

目的 探讨重硅油(Densiron-68)用于眼内填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的临床效果、并发症及安全性.方法 采用玻璃体切割联合重硅油眼内填充治疗视网膜脱离患者15只眼,分别为糖尿病视网膜病变、急性视网膜坏死、黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离、巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离、伴有严重PVR的复发性孔源视网膜脱离,填充时间最少为40d,最长为12个月.观察重硅油填充期间及取出后视网膜复位情况及并发症等.结果 12只眼取出重硅油后在随访期间(2～4月)观察到视网膜保持复位,复位率80%(12/15);3只眼视网膜脱离复发,其中2只眼再次手术并普通硅油填充,1只眼拒绝取出重硅油,14只眼矫正视力较术前提高,1只眼视力无改善.主要并发症有白内障、后发白内障、硅油乳化、瞳孔粘连、乳化滴粘附于人工晶状体、术后PVR、硅油充满前房、硅油进入视网膜下等.结论 重硅油眼内填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离疗效肯定,并提高患者舒适度,但并发症发生率高,只适宜短期填充,且需要密切随访.     

硅油填充66例的临床分析

目的:探讨硅油填充原因及硅油填充时间与相关并发症的关系。方法:回顾分析总结66例70只硅油填充眼的临床资料及随访记录。结果:硅油填充的主要原因为常规孔源性视网膜脱离反复多次手术操作,其次是黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离,再次为增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变。硅油平均填充时间10.5mo,硅油乳化发生率28.6%,高眼压发生率15.7%,角膜变性发生率2.9%,严重白内障的发生率46%。硅油取出后主要并发症是视网膜脱离复发。结论:在定期随访的情况下,可适当延长硅油在眼内的存留时间。取硅油时,保持玻璃体腔持续灌注,并根据视网膜情况行视网膜激光、眼内气体充填或再次行硅油填充等处理,可以减少硅油取出术后并发症的发生。     

急性视网膜坏死综合征硅油填充术后硅油取出时机选择

目的观察急性视网膜坏死综合征(ARN)行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术后硅油充填期间及硅油取出术后并发症,进而探讨硅油取出的适宜时机。方法对连续就诊的伴有视网膜脱离的48例(48只眼)ARN患者实施玻璃体切除视网膜复位联合硅油填充术,对于确认视网膜已经复位,没有活动性的增生病变及视网膜裂孔,并在视网膜变性区域补充激光光凝的所有患者经不同时长的硅油填充期后实施硅油取出术,回顾分析其硅油填充期间及硅油取出术后并发症如视网膜脱离、并发性白内障、继发性青光眼、角膜变性等的发生情况。结果硅油填充术后视力总体上较术前有明显提高;硅油填充时间为3~15个月,平均5.8个月。取出硅油之后,总体视力无明显改变;8例于取硅油术后随访期内发生视网膜再脱离;1例角膜变性的病例,在硅油取出之后无明显改变;5例并发性白内障取油时实施超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术;6例发生脉络膜脱离经药物治疗后痊愈;24例在硅油取出之后晶状体混浊程度较硅油取出术前无明显改变;3例无晶状体眼患者取油术后裸眼视力下降,但最佳矫正视力同硅油取出术前。结论硅油填充及硅油取出术的并发症主要为视网膜再脱离、脉络膜脱离、并发性白内障、继发性青光眼、硅油乳化、角膜变性、低眼压等。对于ARN而言,硅油填充时限4~6月时取油术后视网膜再脱离的发生率较低,取油较为适宜。     

玻璃体切除硅油填充治疗重度外源性眼内炎

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合硅油填充治疗外源性重度眼内炎的效果及硅油填充的重要性。方法回顾性分析玻璃体切除联合硅油填充治疗外源性重度眼内炎的16例（16眼）临床资料。结果感染性眼内炎均得到控制。术后视力提高11例，无提高3例，最终因视网膜脱离致眼球萎缩2例。结论玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术是治疗外源性眼内炎的有效方法，术后并发症主要是增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）和视网膜脱离。     

玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术治疗急性化脓性眼内炎

目的观察玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术治疗无视网膜脱离的严重急性化脓性眼内炎的疗效。方法回顾性分析15例行玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术的不伴有视网膜脱离的严重急性化脓性眼内炎的病例资料，观察术后的视功能、感染控制及再次手术情况。结果随访3～18月，15眼感染全部控制，1眼在硅油取出后发生视网膜脱离，其余14眼视网膜保持在位无需再次手术。与术前相比，13眼视力提高，1眼视力不变，1眼眼球萎缩。结论玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术能有效稳定视网膜功能，控制炎症，减少再次手术创伤。     

三切口眼内硅油取出术的临床分析

目的 观察眼内硅油取出的有效方法,探讨三切口硅油取出手术效果.方法 对48例（48只眼）施行三切口眼内硅油取出、剥膜、惰性气体填充术等手术方法.结果 48只眼有23只眼伴有视网膜增生改变（47.9%）,术后视网膜保持复位46只眼（95.8%）,2只眼部分复位 2只眼继发青光眼眼压正常.术后视力：0.02者以上26只眼,其中0.1以上者10只眼.结论 三切口眼内硅油取出术安全,可防止硅油取出后视网膜脱离等并发症的发生.     

重硅油玻璃体腔充填治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的临床研究

目的 评价重硅油作为眼内填充剂治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的有效性和安全性.方法 采用标准的玻璃体切割联合重硅油Oxane HD充填术治疗复杂性视网膜脱离患者13例13只眼,术中根据病情联合白内障摘除、巩膜环扎、增殖膜剥除、视网膜切开、重水压平视网膜行眼内激光光凝等.观察重硅油充填期及取出后术眼的最佳矫正视力、视网膜解剖复位情况、手术后并发症等.结果 重硅油充填期平均为93d,取出后平均随访170d.13只眼中有12只眼最佳矫正视力提高,1只眼视力无改善.有10只眼在眼内充填重硅油至取出后保持稳定的视网膜复位至随访结束.术后主要并发症包括轻至中度的眼压升高、眼前段炎症反应、晶状体混浊、增殖膜形成和硅油乳化等.结论 重硅油Oxane HD作为眼内填充物可以有效安全地治疗复杂性视网膜脱离,尤其是伴下方或后极部裂孔的视网膜脱离.     

硅油填充术在不伴有视网膜脱离外伤性感染性眼内炎的临床应用

目的：观察玻璃体切除联合眼内注药或硅油填充术对眼球穿通伤后合并感染性眼内炎不伴视网膜脱离的疗效。 方法：应用经睫状体平坦部玻璃体切除术，以联合眼内注药或硅油填充术分组治疗30只眼球穿通伤并发感染性眼内炎不伴有视网膜脱离患者，术后予以静脉、结膜下及眼药水途径给予抗感染抗炎治疗。 结果：玻璃体切除术后追踪随访3～12个月，2组30只眼细菌性感染全部控制，术后视力较术前视力有显著性提高，联合眼内注药组19只眼，其中4只眼（21．1％）发生视网膜脱离：联合硅油填充组11只眼，其中术后1只眼（9％）发生视网膜脱离。两组术后并发症发生率均无明显差异（P〉0．05）。 结论：玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术能有效控制炎症，稳定视网膜功能，对一些视网膜情况不佳或炎症难以控制的患者可以考虑术中应用硅油。     

玻璃体切割联合眼内硅油填充术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离临床疗效观察

目的 评价玻璃体切割联合眼内硅油填充术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的手术效果.方法 对17例行玻璃体切割联合眼内硅油填充术的脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离患者进行回顾性分析.分析术前与术后最佳矫正视力、眼压,术后最终视网膜复位率,复发性视网膜脱离发生率等情况.结果患者玻璃体切割联合眼内硅油填充术初次手术复位率为47.0％,复发性视网膜脱离发生率为53.0％,最终视网膜复位率为82.4％.患者术前平均LogMAR视力2.54,术后平均视力1.90,手术前后视力有明显提高.患者术前平均眼压8.41 mm Hg,术后平均眼压13.88 mm Hg,手术前后有明显改善.除白内障及一过性眼压升高外无其他并发症.结论 玻璃体切割联合眼内硅油填充术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离是安全有效的手术方法.     

硅油充填眼视网膜脱离原因分析及手术治疗

目的：探讨玻璃体切割联合硅油填充术后复发性视网膜脱离的原因及治疗方法，以便提高手术成功率。方法：回顾性分析我院3年来收治的31只硅油填充眼发生复发性视网膜脱离的原因，31只硅油填充眼进行二次手术，对不同情况分别采取硅油下剥膜、巩膜外垫压、视网膜前膜剥离、视网膜切开、眼内激光光凝等手术，再次眼内填充惰性气体3只眼。硅油21只眼，观察治疗效果。结果：31只硅油填充眼二次手术，视网膜解剖复位28眼，复位率为90％，部分复位3眼；术后视力提高者13眼41．9％，不变16眼。占51．6％，下降3眼，占9．7％。视网膜复位后硅油取出21眼，视网膜复位16眼，未复位5眼。结论：硅油填充眼的复发性视网膜脱离多以下方为主。术后增殖膜形成牵拉是造成硅油填充期间发生复发性视网膜脱离的主要原因。视网膜前膜剥离。视网膜切开，眼内激光光凝，再次眼内填充手术是治疗硅油填充眼复发性视网膜脱离的有效方法。     

25G玻璃体切割术后空气与硅油填充治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效比较

目的:比较25G玻璃体切割术(PPV)联合空气或硅油填充治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)的疗效。方法:前瞻性随机对照研究。收集2018-01/12经我院确诊的RRD患者146例146眼,根据25G PPV术后眼内填充物分为空气组(60例60眼)和硅油组(86例86眼)。术后随访6~12mo,分析两组患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压、视网膜解剖复位率及并发症情况。结果:术后1mo,空气组患者BCVA为0.45±0.5,硅油组为0.78±0.65,两组患者BCVA均较术前明显改善,且空气组患者BCVA明显优于硅油组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo,空气组患者视网膜解剖复位率(93.3%)低于硅油组(97.7%),但无差异;术后6mo,两组患者视网膜解剖复位率均为100.0%。本研究纳入患者术中主要并发症是医源性裂孔(6.8%),术后主要并发症是高眼压,术后早期(7d内)硅油眼高眼压比例明显高于空气组(P<0.001),但随访期间两组患者均未出现感染性眼内炎、脉络膜出血等严重并发症。结论:对于简单新鲜的RRD患者,25G PPV术后空气和硅油填充视网膜解剖复位率无差别,术后早期空气填充眼视力优于硅油填充眼,术后高眼压发生率更低。     

23G玻璃体切除术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离

目的观察23G玻璃体切除手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的临床效果。方法对23例（23眼）孔源性视网膜脱离应用23G玻璃体切除手术联合全氟丙烷（C3F8）或硅油填充,下方视网膜裂孔者联合巩膜外加压,合并白内障者同时对白内障行超声乳化吸出术。随访3～10个月,观察术后视网膜复位、视力等情况。结果23眼手术顺利完成。术后3个月时视网膜复位21眼（91．30％）,2眼（8．70％）视网膜脱离复发,再次玻璃体手术填充硅油视网膜复位。未发生其他并发症。术后3个月时视力：（1）黄斑区未脱离眼：术前最佳矫正视力0．1～0．5,LogMAR视力：1．0～0．3,平均0．42±0．29。术后最佳矫正视力0．2—0．5,LogMAR视力：0．7～0．3,平均0．38±0．19,t=1．83,P〉0．05,与术前比较差异无统计学意义。（2）黄斑区脱离眼：术前最佳矫正视力0．08～0．2,LogMAR视力：1．1～0．7,平均0．81±0．13。术后最佳矫正视力0．15—0．5,LogMAR视力：0．8～0．3,平均0．47-e0．26,t=5．78,P〈0．05,与术前比较差异有统计学意义。结论23G玻璃体切除手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离效果良好,并发症少。     

Long-term results of vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

In order to study long-term anatomical and functional results the authors evaluated the data from 260 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Indications for surgery were: vitreous hemorrhage, 68 eyes (26.2%); vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment, 84 eyes (32.3%); tractional retinal detachment, 82 eyes (31.5%); and combined tractional-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 26 eyes (10%). In 118 eyes vitreoretinal surgery was combined with silicone-oil tamponade.The retina was completely attached posterior to a scleral buckle in 251 eyes (96%) at the time of the last examination. After a follow-up period of at least 12 months in a group of patients with vitreous hemorrhage, visual acuity improved in 88% of the eyes. Visual acuity was better than 0.5 in 31% of eyes. In group of eyes with nonresorbing vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment visual acuity improved in 52% of eyes. Visual acuity improved in 76% of eyes with tractional retinal detachment and in 81% of eyes with combined tractional & rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. When comparing the latest postoperative visual acuity to visual acuity after three months postoperatively, visual acuity was unchanged in 88%, in 10% it became worse and in 3 cases (1%) became better. In the postoperative period, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 33 (13%) eyes, reproliferation in 12 eyes.Cataract developed in 45 of 168 phakic eyes. If postoperative visual acuity before cataract formation was good, extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed. Otherwise simple intra or extracapsular cataract extraction was performed. In 19 cases cataract operation was performed together with silicone oil extraction. Neovascular glaucoma developed postoperatively in 15 eyes (6%). Retinal detachment occurred postoperatively in 21 eyes (8%). In 15 eyes the retina was successfully reattached after additional operations.     

Evaluation of silicone oil removal from eyes treated with retinotomy

PURPOSE: Long-term silicone oil tamponade may resulting late complications. The aim of our study is to find out the results of silicone oil removal in eyes treated with retinotomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 1991 and December 1999 37 patients (37 eyes) were given silicone oil removal after retinotomy. The indications for vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade and retinotomy were: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (78.4%) and trauma (21.6%). Completion retinal attachment within at least 3 months without reproliferations indicated for silicone oil removal. RESULTS: With a minimum of 6 months process follow-up the retina was attached in 36 cases (97.3%). 29 (78.4%) eyes achieving final visual acuity 1/50 or better. Visual acuity remained unchanged in 64.9% cases. Minimal visual acuity 5/50 was achieved in 47.1% of eyes with retinotomy size smaller than 180 ae and in 40% of eyes with retinotomy size 180ae-360ae. Visual acuity at least 1/50 was achieved in 72.2% of eyes where silicone oil tamponade remained shorter than 6 months and in 84.2% when longer than 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone oil removal leads to the stabilisation of visual acuity in majority of eyes. Final visual acuity does not correlate with either the retinotomy size or with the duration of silicone oil tamponade. Risk of retinal redetachment after silicone oil removal in eyes treated with retinotomy may result in similar symptom as in eyes treated without retinotomy.     

改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术治疗硅油填充术后视网膜脱离

目的：探讨改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术治疗硅油填充状态下视网膜脱离的效果。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2021-01/2023-02于我院治疗的硅油填充状态下视网膜脱离的患者14例14眼,采用改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术进行治疗。硅油取出方法采用自制的23 G抽吸器,即将一次性输血器的针管取出,靠近乳头端剪至2.5-3.0 mm,另一端连接已去除推注手柄的10 mL注射器,注射器另一端连接玻璃体切割器的负压系统,进行硅油取出; 巩膜扣带术中外加压块采用外加压复合体; 术后未重新注入硅油。随访6 mo,观察术后视网膜复位、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压和并发症等情况。

结果：术后6 mo,视网膜完全复位13眼,视网膜复位率达93%,BCVA(LogMAR)较术前改善(0.95±0.18 vs 1.15±0.21,P=0.002)。术后1 d出现一过性高眼压6眼,药物控制后恢复正常。术中未见视网膜出血、嵌顿、医源性裂孔等并发症,术后未出现眼内炎、脉络膜脱离等并发症。

结论：改良硅油取出联合巩膜扣带术可以有效治疗硅油填充状态下视网膜脱离,促使视网膜再复位。     

IOL-Master测量硅油填充眼屈光结果分析

目的评价IOL—Master测量硅油填充眼屈光度数的准确性并分析不同因素与术后屈光误差的关系。方法29例（29眼）硅油填充眼行硅油取出联合人工晶状体（IOL）植入术,术前用IOL—Master进行IOL测量。根据不同病因、硅油放置时间、眼轴、术后并发症等因素进行分类,研究术后视力恢复情况及测量误差产生的原因。结果术后视力较术前均有不同程度的提高,屈光度数的平均预测误差为0．329±0．846（-1．5～-2．0D）,眼轴长度（P〉0．05）、病因[裂孔源性（t=0．478,P=0．637）、黄斑裂孔（t=0．135,P=0．895）]、是否近视（t=0．435,P=0．667）与术后产生的屈光误差均无相关性,硅油存留时间〈1年者术后矫正视力恢复好。结论硅油填充眼患者采用硅油取出联合IOL植入术对视力有一定提高,IOL—Master测量硅油填充眼IOL度数是相对准确、安全、方便的方式。     

巩膜外局部加压术与巩膜环扎手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效比较

目的比较巩膜外局部加压术与巩膜环扎手术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法将30眼孔源性视网膜脱离病人随机分A,B两组,A组16眼,采用巩膜外局部加压术;B组14眼采用巩膜环扎手术,术后随访半年至一年,观其视网膜复位和视功能的恢复程度。结果 A组13眼视网膜复位顺利,一次手术成功率为81.25%;术后视力提高13眼,不变2眼,下降1眼,出现并发症8眼。B组11眼视网膜一次手术复位,一次手术成功率为78.57%;术后视力提高9眼,不变2眼,下降3眼,出现并发症9眼。两组一次手术成功率、术后视力提高情况、并发症发生率比较.差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论巩膜外局部加压术手术治疗RRD是经济,操作简单,并发症较少的理想的手术方法。     

Long-term outcomes of heavy silicone oil tamponade for complicated retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To assess the long-term success rates and complications of heavy silicone oil tamponade (Oxane HD) in the management of complicated retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS: Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with complicated retinal detachment and PVR were included in this study. Vitreoretinal surgery with heavy silicone oil (Oxane HD) tamponade was performed in all patients. Heavy silicone oil was injected by perfluorocarbon liquid-air-silicone oil exchange, and was removed after 3 months. The main outcomes of the surgery including the success and complication rates were evaluated during the mean follow-up period of 11.4+/-0.88 months. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for statistical analysis of visual acuity changes. The outcomes of our study were compared with those of the previous studies. RESULTS: All eyes had complicated retinal detachment with PVR Grade C3 or worse. Retinal detachment was rhegmatogenous in 6 eyes, secondary to previous detachment surgery in 11 eyes, secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 3 eyes, and secondary to perforating eye injury in 1 eye. The overall anatomic success rate was 80.9% at the end of the follow-up period. The overall visual success rate was 42.8%, with no statistically significant difference from baseline (p>0.05). Postoperative complications included severe reproliferation (4 eyes), intraocular pressure rise (3 eyes), anterior dislocation of silicone oil (2 eyes), posterior subcapsular cataract formation (4 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage (1 eye), rubeosis iridis (3 eyes), optic atrophy (1 eye), and ocular pain and photophobia (21 eyes). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, vitreoretinal surgery with temporary heavy silicone oil tamponade appears to increase the anatomic success rates with minimal complication rate in cases with complicated retinal detachment and PVR.