Teaching nursing administration through health education

This article analyzes a teaching experience in the course of Nursing Administration at a Federal University, with fourth-year students majoring in Nursing. Based on the conception by which unit and care managements are associated, since nurses who manage funds should typically aim at the assistance process and cannot lose sight of the assistance quality, students built a health education proposal to be developed with adolescents at a public school by integrating basic health unit, school, and university. Through this work, students were able to associate theory and practice by carrying out an exercise comprehending planning, decision-making, leadership, teamwork, evaluation, and control.     

Is there adequate feeding assistance for the hospitalised elderly who are unable to feed themselves?

Objective:  To observe patients at meal times in order to determine the type and amount of feeding assistance required by hospitalised elderly patients and the adequacy of assistance nursing staff provide to patients.
Methods:  The study was an observational study. Patients admitted to the ward were observed over a one-week period encompassing all meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks) served on a 14-day menu cycle.
Subjects:  A total of 46 hospitalised elderly patients with mean age 86.5 ± 4.8 years admitted to the ward.
Setting:  The study was undertaken in a general teaching hospital geriatric ward in Sydney.
Results:  A high percentage of patients required some assistance with feeding at meals (70%, n = 32). The partially dependent patients had their needs basically fulfilled by ward staff. However, of the nine totally dependent patients, three were observed lacking any assistance (33%). The amount of assistance time from nursing staff was found shorter than that from non-nursing staff, 123 and 137 minutes, respectively. Nursing assistants were the main providers of assisted eating in the ward. However, little attention and time were given to that task by registered nurses.
Discussion:  Provision of assisted eating by nursing staff presents many problems. More than 40% of hospital food was wasted and patients' recommended intakes for preserving health were not met. Hospital feeding policies and staff arrangements therefore need reviewing.
Conclusions:  Although assisting patients who are unable to feed themselves is a time-consuming process, it is a vital and necessary part of nursing care.     

Nursing work at clinical laboratories

The paper aims to show the features of the roles played by the nursing team in the sample collection service of a clinical laboratory by identifying the activities carried out by different agents and their insertion in the organizational structure. The theoretical reference framework is based on studies about the work process and human resources in health and nursing. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire, which was applied to a sample of 45 institutions. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results show that 77.8% of the laboratories under analysis have nursing auxiliaries, 13% practical nurses and 33.3% nurses. Work division is observed: nurses are mainly in charge of managerial tasks, whereas nursing auxiliaries and nursing technicians are responsible for performing technical assistance activities, with no distinction between the latter's roles. There are other health professionals carrying out the same activities, and nursing is subordinated to other activity areas in 24 (53.3%) laboratories. This study highlights the lack of specificity of nursing actions and their lack of autonomy in the study environment.     

Fluid management: a nursing intervention for the patient with fluid volume excess

The objective of this research is to identify which nursing activities contained in the fluid management intervention proposed by the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) are realized and considered important by nurses, to attend patients who received fluid volume excess as a nursing diagnosis, as proposed by the North American Nursing Diagnoses Association (NANDA). Data were collected in three hospitals. The sample included 77 nurses, who chose the best alternative on a Likert scale, to indicate the realization of which of those actives they considered important and which activities are realized in their daily care practice. It was concluded that most of the nursing activities were always considered important and were always performed by the nurses. These activities were classified as independent and dependent.     

Improving food services for elderly,long‐stay patients in Australian hospitals: Adding food fortification,assistance with packaging and feeding assistance

Aim: The study aims to highlight barriers and feasible opportunities to enhance nutrition support of elderly, long‐stay patients in Australian hospitals. Methods: A total of 218 dietitians, nurse unit managers and food service managers from medical and rehabilitation wards of 184 hospitals completed a web‐based survey about current practices, perceived barriers and priority opportunities to enhance nutrition support in their context. Results: Cook‐fresh food was the most commonly reported food‐service system (50%). Eighty‐eight percent still used paper menus and one‐ or two‐week cycles were the most common menu cycle lengths. Lack of choice due to special diet, boredom arising from the length of stay, a lack of feeding assistance, limited variety and inadequate flexibility of food service were the key barriers identified. Food fortification, assistance with packaging, additional feeding assistance by nurses, non‐nursing feeding assistance and further nutrition assessment were key priorities for improvement. Conclusion: A ‘toolbox’ of strategies is needed as no one intervention will improve nutrition support of all patients. Further practice‐based outcomes and cost‐benefit studies are needed to enhance support and advocacy for feasible food service interventions in the future.     

School Health Nursing Services Progress Review: Report of 1996 National Meeting

ABSTRACT: This is a report of the outcomes of an invitational meeting convened in 1996 by the Division of Adolescent and School Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (DASH/CDC) and the National Center for School Health Nursing, American Nurses Association. Participants reviewed progress made on seven critical needs identified in 1994 at the School Health Nursing Services: Exploring National Issues conference. Priority actions were updated, consensus was reached for specific strategies to move towards achievement of goals and organizations and agencies were suggested to assume leadership. Participants and current membership of the National Nursing Coalition for School Health are listed as well as examples of related activities occurring in the interim. Collaborative partnerships are encouraged to assist school nurses in meeting the school-related health needs of all students.     

上海市“互联网+护理服务”试点中存在的问题及对策

分析了上海市"互联网+护理服务"试点工作中存在的问题,如群众需要与实际提供之间存在认知的不完全一致,相关管理制度和服务规范需要进一步细化规范,护士安全保护与患者隐私保护之间的平衡,突发医学护理活动事件护士的伦理决策,护士的人文关怀精神培养和树立等问题,并提出相应的建议,以促进"互联网+护理服务"的发展。     

Systematization of nursing assistance to patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure

This is a clinical case study developed during the practical activities of the discipline Surgical Clinical Nursing I, of course of Graduation in Nursing of a public university of Bahia State, that aimed to report the application of the Systematization of Nursing Assistance in the assistance to a client whit Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Renal Insufficiency. With the development of the study, especially after the positive improvement of the client, face to assistance planned and implemented and considering the reflections that emerged, it was possible to evidence the need for interface between Systematization of Nursing Assistance, the nursing staff and client in the care process, at the excellence and uniqueness of nursing care.     

Collective responsibility of nurses in their involvement in their professional organizations

This study has as its objective the discussion of the nursing professionals' responsibility regarding their participation in professional associations, such as the Brazilian Association of Nursing (ABEn), the Regional Board of Nursing and the Nursing Union. The investigation was carried out with nurses from a private and a public educational institution and also from a private institution of assistance. As a result, it was verified that the participation of nurses in the organizations mentioned above is still scarce, but there is already some awareness of the need for integrating them.     

Nursing diagnosis: as a part of the nursing care process

This paper introduces some current criteria on Webster's (1974) Nursing Diagnosis (Dx) and that of Waechter-Blake which describe what the process of identifying the particular problems and needs of the patient are and assess the resources for helping decision-making. The differences between Medical Dx and Nursing Dx as different and at the same time similar elements that overlap and supplement each other are established. The usefulness of nursing diagnosis is pointed out since it identifies the needs and problems, achieves a shortened connection of information, as a future basis for research. The paper shows the process by which the nursing diagnosis is made, lists the nurse's skill when making the Nursing Dx and finally describes the difficulties in formulating the Nursing Dx.     

Early education and inclusion in Poland

The purpose of this article is to present a Polish point of view of integration work with children needing assistance. Since the 70th year of the twentieth century, the Polish kindergarten was starting to realize a new educational and care duty. The changing of duty was a consequence of psychological and pedagogical research study which encircled six-year-old children, and children with special needs, before starting in the first class of elementary school. With 30 years of retrospective views, we could not evaluate this process as effectively, because these activities do not solve the problem of coping with school evaluative standards by children. Kindergarten remains the first, not obligatory link of education for children needing assistance. This article also presents a new method of work with pre-school-age children in Polish kindergartens, based on polysensual child activities.     

Involvement of Informal and Formal Service Providers: Meeting the Home Care Needs of Older Adults with Severe Functional Impairments

ABSTRACT

This study examines informal and formal service providers' involvement in each activity of daily living (ADL) of older adults with severe functional impairments and the older adults' unmet needs for ADL assistance. In addition, this study examines the relationship between the involvement of informal and formal service providers and unmet needs for ADL assistance. Using the data from the 1999 National Long-Term Care Survey, the study included 275 older adults, who experienced ADL impairments and received assistance. This study found that nearly a quarter of the older adults reported unmet needs for ADL assistance. This study also found that the involvement of informal and formal service providers was not significantly related to unmet needs. However, the factors, including the older adult's functional status, levels of assistance received, and Medicaid enrollment, were significantly related to unmet needs included. Practice implications from these study findings for home care service providers are discussed.     

A sexual health model for nursing intervention

This article describes and illustrates a conceptual model for nurses who wish to assist clients in attaining or maintaining sexual health. The Sexual Health Model for Nursing Intervention provides form and direction for nurses at all levels when they address client concerns or problems related to sexual health. Interactions between the nurse and the client are the foundation of all the components in this model. The four steps of the nursing process encompass all the other processes and approaches contained within the model. The communication, therapeutic, and teaching processes define the role and skills of the nurse. The adaptation of the PLISSIT model, contained within the processes, is a hierarchy of interventions that guide the nurse's activities. The use of the model can assist nurses in making an important contribution to client sexual health.     

Early education and inclusion in Poland

The purpose of this article is to present a Polish point of view of integration work with children needing assistance. Since the 70th year of the twentieth century, the Polish kindergarten was starting to realize a new educational and care duty. The changing of duty was a consequence of psychological and pedagogical research study which encircled six‐year‐old children, and children with special needs, before starting in the first class of elementary school. With 30 years of retrospective views, we could not evaluate this process as effectively, because these activities do not solve the problem of coping with school evaluative standards by children. Kindergarten remains the first, not obligatory link of education for children needing assistance. This article also presents a new method of work with pre‐school‐age children in Polish kindergartens, based on polysensual child activities.     

Electronic access to food and cash benefits

The authors' purpose was to examine access to Family Independence Program and Food benefits in relation to customer service and an automated helpline. In addition, participants identified impediments and limitations to the receipt of services. Two hundred forty-four surveys were mailed to recipients of over-the-counter electronic benefit transfer cards; 58 were returned. The findings indicate that when customers (age 21-92) received assistance navigating the electronic benefits transfer system from local office staff, they were able to obtain benefits successfully. Negative credit/debit card history and touchtone phones were related to difficulty using the system. The results suggest that the local office and the contracted service provider (automatic helpline) need to provide assistance that promotes greater autonomy for the customer to make successful transitions to benefits that are delivered electronically.     

Nurses' concepts on their work in the clinical model of health care

The aim of this study was to know the nurses' conception about the emphasis of the activities that they develop in the work process, in the clinic model assistance. This study is a qualitative research, with dialetic approach. To form the sample one nurse was chosen in each of the 17 units of a university hospital in Porto Alegre/RS. The data were collected through semi-structured interview. To analyze the data the material was classified in relevant structures, from which nine categories were established. The results showed that, although there is a prevalence of management activities of the care concerning the assistance activities, the nurses considered that these dimensions are indissociable in their work. It was concluded that the relation between assisting and managing are not excluding and that the management is one of the dimensions of nursing care.     

护理人员在医院临床药学服务中的行为特征研究

目的 探究护理人员在医院临床药学服务中的行为特征.方法 分层抽取全国240例在职护理人员,通过问卷调查方式分析其临床药学认知、用药相关行为特征及倾向.结果 护理人员对临床药学服务有点了解的人群占51.67％,显著高于了解和不了解的人群（P＜0.05）;护理人员主要从自己和国内其他医院了解临床药学服务（86.08％）,显著高于其他途径（P＜0.05）.护理人员了解药物信息主要通过药物使用说明书（81.67％）,明显高于其他渠道（P＜0.05）.所有护理人员均认为药师提供药物知识很有必要;希望药师参与临床用药指导占94.17％;认为药师或护理人员需要专业化培训的占87.5％.结论 护理人员对临床药学服务有一定的了解,但仍需进一步提高药师专业水平,加强药师与护理人员的配合,促进临床药学服务工作的深入开展.