Genetic variants in the NOD2/CARD15 gene are associated with early mortality in sepsis patients

Objective Genetic variants in the NOD2/CARD15 gene resulting in a diminished capacity to activate NF-κB in response to bacterial cell wall products have been associated with Crohn's disease (CD). Recently, we found an association between the variant Leu1007fsinsC of the NOD2/CARD15 gene (SNP13) and a significantly increased rate of transplant related mortality (TRM) due to intestinal and pulmonary complications in stem cell transplantation (SCT). To assess a possible contribution of variants in the NOD2/CARD15 gene to sepsis related mortality (SRM) we investigated 132 prospectively characterised, consecutive patients with sepsis. Design and patients The three most common NOD2/CARD15 variants (Arg702Trp, Gly908Arg, and Leu1007fsinsC) were determined in 132 prospectively characterised patients with sepsis attended to three intensive care units at the University of Regensburg by Taqman PCR. NOD2/CARD15 genotype and major patients' characteristics were correlated with SRM. Results Patient groups with and without NOD2/CARD15 variants did not differ in their clinical characteristics such as median age, gender, reason for admission or APACHE score; however, SRM (day 30) was increased in patients with NOD2/CARD15 coding variants (42 vs. 31%) and was highest (57%) in 8 patients carrying the Leu1007fsinsC variant (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated the Leu1007fsinsC genetic variant as an independent risk factor for SRM. Conclusion Our findings indicate a major role of NOD2/CARD15 coding variants for SRM. This may be indicative for a role of impaired barrier function and bacterial translocation in the pathophysiology of early sepsis related death. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Host susceptibility to tuberculosis: CARD15 polymorphisms in a South African population

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain 2 protein (NOD2) has recently been recognised as a non-redundant recognition mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15 gene (CARD15), which encodes the NOD2 protein, is a susceptibility gene for Crohn's disease (CD), a granulomatous, chronic inflammatory disorder. CARD15 was therefore investigated as a candidate gene in TB. We genotyped the R702W, G908R and 1007fs variants, previously associated with CD, in TB cases and controls from the admixed South African Coloured population. No statistically significant differences between cases and controls were observed for these variants. We determined that the CD-associated mutations occur at very low frequencies in this population. Our results indicate that CARD15 is not a major susceptibility gene for TB in the South African Coloureds.     

Rapid detection of common CARD15 variants in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Three mutations (R702W, G908R, and 1007fs) within the CARD15 gene have been identified as independent risk factors for the development of Crohn's disease (CD). Virtually all studies investigating the occurrence of these mutations in patients with CD have used separate PCR-based methods to screen patient DNA, here we describe a novel multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) assay that allows the simultaneous detection of R702W, G908R, and 1007fs, and a fourth CARD15 variant, P268S, at a fraction of the cost of the pre-existing genotyping assays. METHODS: Allele-specific primer sets were designed for each CARD15 variant, optimized separately for annealing temperature and MgCl2 and then multiplexed. The mutant- and wild-type-specific primers were split across two tubes so that each multiplex reaction was internally controlled for amplification failure. An additional primer pair specific to beta2-microglobulin was included as an independent control for DNA quality. The specificity of each primer set was tested using positive controls that had been validated by sequencing, and the robustness of the final ARMS assay was assessed by genotyping 111 Caucasian patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). RESULTS: The specificity of each primer set was confirmed using a sequence validated positive control for each of the four CARD15 variants. Of the 111 DNA samples screened with our ARMS assay, a clear CARD15 genotype was obtained for 109 patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Given the potential predictive value of R702W, G980R, and 1007fs, a robust genotyping method for these variants would be of considerable value both in diagnostic and research settings. Our ARMS assay only takes 3-4 hours to perform once DNA has been extracted and requires only 1U of Taq DNA polymerase, making it a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective alternative to current CARD15 genotyping methods.     

Analysis of the three common mutations in the CARD15 gene (R702W, G908R and 1007fs) in South African colored patients with inflammatory bowel disease

The caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15 gene (CARD15) was recently identified as an important susceptibility gene for Crohn's disease (CD). The purpose of this study was to assess the likelihood that the three most common CARD15 mutations, R702W, G908R and 1007fs, contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) susceptibility in the South African colored population. The study cohort included 76 IBD patients, 41 with CD and 35 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 100 population-matched controls. Mutations R702W, G908R and 1007fs were present at relatively low frequencies (<20%) in our study population. No statistically significant differences were furthermore, observed for these mutations between UC and CD patients or when compared with normal control individuals. Two additional mutations were identified, one novel (A661P) and one previously described (A725G), with the latter being identified in 4 of 35 (11%) UC patients. Statistically significant differences were obtained between UC and control individuals when comparing both allele (p<0.004, chi2 with Yates' correction=8.01) and genotype frequencies (p<0.004, chi2 with Yates' correction=8.14) for the A725G mutation, suggesting a possible role for this variant in disease expression.     

Prognostic implications of novel beta cardiac myosin heavy chain gene mutations that cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Three novel beta cardiac myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene missense mutations, Phe513Cys, Gly716Arg, and Arg719Trp, which cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) are described. One mutation in exon 15 (Phe513Cys) does not alter the charge of the encoded amino acid, and affected family members have a near normal life expectancy. The Gly716Arg mutation (exon 19; charge change of +1) causes FHC in three family members, one of whom underwent transplantation for heart failure. The Arg719Trp mutation (exon 19; charge change of -1) was found in four unrelated FHC families with a high incidence of premature death and an average life expectancy in affected individuals of 38 yr. A comparable high frequency of disease-related deaths in four families with the Arg719Trp mutation suggests that this specific gene defect directly accounts for the observed malignant phenotype. Further, the significantly different life expectancies associated with the Arg719Trp vs. Phe513Cys mutation (P < 0.001) support the hypothesis that mutations which alter the charge of the encoded amino acid affect survival more significantly than those that produce a conservative amino acid change.     

Seven novel mutations in the factor XIII A-subunit gene causing hereditary factor XIII deficiency in 10 unrelated families.

BACKGROUND: Hereditary factor (F)XIII deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder mostly due to mutations in FXIII A subunit. OBJECTIVES: We studied the molecular basis of FXIII deficiency in patients from 10 unrelated families originating from Israel, India and Tunisia. METHODS: Exons 2-15 of genomic DNA consisting of coding regions and intron/exon boundaries were amplified and sequenced. Structural analysis of the mutations was undertaken by computer modeling. RESULTS: Seven novel mutations were identified in the FXIIIA gene. The propositus from the Ethiopian-Jewish family was found to be a compound heterozygote for two novel mutations: a 10-bp deletion in exon 12 at nucleotides 1652-1661 (followed by 22 altered amino acids and termination codon) and Ala318Val mutation. The propositus of the Tunisian family was homozygous for C insertion after nucleotide 863 within a stretch of six cytosines of exon 7. This insertion results in generation of eight altered amino acids followed by a termination codon downstream. The propositus from Indian-Jewish origin was found to be homozygous for G to T substitution at IVS 11 [+1] resulting in skipping of exons 10 and 11. In addition to the Ala318Val mutation, three of the novel mutations identified are missense mutations: Arg260Leu, Thr398Asn and Gly210Arg each occurring in a homozygous state in an Israeli-Arab and two Indian families, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Structure-function correlation analysis by computer modeling of the new missense mutations predicted that Gly210Arg will cause protein misfolding, Ala318Val and Thr398Asn will interfere with the catalytic process or protein stability, and Arg260Leu will impair dimerization.     

Detection of muramyl dipeptide-sensing pathway defects in monocytes of patients with Crohn's disease using phospho-specific whole blood flow cytometry

Abstract

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Crohn's disease (CD) patients with the common 1007fs mutation of the caspase recruitment domain-containing 15/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing 2 (CARD15/NOD2) gene show impaired nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation in response to muramyl dipeptide (MDP), as determined by Western blotting. We applied phospho-specific flow cytometry to examine NF-κB and p38 activation in whole blood monocytes of 16 CD patients with or without the 1007fs and previously described rare mutations of the CARD15 gene, and healthy reference subjects. Aliquots of whole blood were supplemented with MDP (0–1000 ng/mL), incubated for 10–40 min and processed for flow cytometry. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as a positive control agonist. We found that NF-κB and p38 phosphorylation induced by MDP was not detectable in monocytes of patients homozygous for the CARD15 1007fs mutation, while those induced by LPS were normal. We also determined MDP-induced NF-κB phosphorylation levels in nuclear extracts of mononuclear cells separated from blood using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and observed that the levels decreased in a 1007fs mutation-dose dependent manner. We conclude that phospho-specific whole blood flow cytometry provides a means to study phosphorylation of NF-κB and p38 in clinical samples and can be applied to screening of CD patients homozygous for the CARD15 1007fs mutation.     

LPL基因突变与高甘油三酯血症相关性研究进展

高甘油三酯血症是导致动脉硬化和冠心病的主要危险因素之一。近年来研究发现除了环境饮食因素外,遗传因素在高甘油三酯血症、动脉硬化和冠心病的发生过程中起重要作用。脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)作为脂质代谢的关键酶,主要催化乳糜微粒和极低密度脂蛋白中的甘油三酯水解,释放游离脂肪酸供机体利用。大量研究表明高甘油三酯血症、糖尿病和冠心病患者都存在LPL基因突变。在高甘油三酯血症患者中LPL常见的基因突变主要是Asp9Asn、Asn291Ser、Trp86Arg、Gly188Glu、Pro207Leu、Asp250Asn、Asn318Ser和Ser474X等。实验研究表明LPL发生基因突变后影响其蛋白的质量和降低脂蛋白酶活性,造成高甘油三酯血症,并由此引起动脉硬化、冠心病及胰腺炎风险增加。本文综述了LPL基因的结构、功能、酶学特性以及LPL基因突变及其在高甘油三酯血症和冠心病发病中的研究进展。     

Molecular analysis of Cypriot patients with Glutaric aciduria type I: Identification of two novel mutations

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify the mutations in the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase gene (GCDH) in ten Cypriot patients with Glutaric aciduria type I (GAI).Design and methodsMolecular analysis of the GCDH gene was performed by direct sequencing of the patients' genomic DNA. In silico tools were applied to predict the effect of the novel variants on the structure and function of the protein.ResultsAll disease alleles were characterized (mutation detection rate 100%). Five missense mutations were identified: c.192G > T (p.Glu64Asp) and c.803G > T (p.Gly268Val), which are novel, and three previously described mutations, c.1123T > C (p.Cys375Arg), c.1204C > T (p.Arg402Trp) and c.1286C > T (p.Thr429Met).ConclusionsTwo novel mutations, p.Glu64Asp and p.Gly268Val, account for the majority of disease alleles (76.5%) in Cypriot patients with Glutaric aciduria type I. A founder effect for the p.Glu64Asp and the p.Gly268Val can be suggested based on the place of origin of the carriers of these mutations. Identification of the causative mutations of GAI in Cypriot patients will facilitate carrier detection as well as post- and pre-natal diagnosis.     

两个遗传性凝血因子Ⅺ(FⅪ)缺陷症家系FⅪ基因突变分析

目的　检测两个中国汉族人遗传性凝血因子Ⅺ缺陷症家系中FⅪ基因的突变。方法　检测先证者及家系成员血浆FⅪ∶C及FⅪ∶Ag ,并以其外周血单个核细胞中提取的基因组DNA为模板 ,PCR扩增FⅪ基因的所有外显子及其侧翼内含子序列 ,用DNA测序仪检测FⅪ的基因突变。结果　在两个家系中共发现三种基因突变 ,Trp2 2 8stop、Glu32 3Lys和Leu172Pro ,均为杂合型 ,且Leu172Pro为两个家系所共有。结论　三种FⅪ基因突变Trp2 2 8stop、Glu32 3Lys和Leu172Pro是导致中国人遗传性FⅪ缺陷的分子发病机制之一 ,突变Leu172Pro为国际首次发现。     

The genetic polymorphisms of beta3-adrenergic receptor (AR) Trp64Arg and beta2-AR Gln27Glu are associated with obesity in Chinese male hypertensive patients.

BACKGROUND: Genetic polymorphisms of beta3-adrenergic receptor (AR) Trp64Arg and beta2-AR Gln27Glu may result in significant change in the functions of these receptors. The aims of the present study were to investigate the association between Trp64Arg, Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms and the susceptibility to obesity and hypertension in a Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 437 Chinese subjects including 149 obese hypertensive patients, 139 non-obese essential hypertensive patients, and 149 non-obese normotensive healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and allele-specific (AS)-PCR assays were used to identify Trp64Arg, Arg16Gly, and Gln27Glu genotypes. RESULTS: The allele frequencies of 64Arg and 27Glu in the obese hypertensive group were 0.178 and 0.128, respectively. Both were significantly higher than in the non-obese hypertensive and the control groups (p<0.05). Further analysis showed that this association existed only in male hypertensive patients. CONCLUSIONS: These data reveal that frequencies of beta3-AR 64Arg and beta2-AR 27Glu were significantly higher in our obese hypertensive patients than in the non-obese hypertensive population and healthy controls. beta3-AR Trp64Arg and beta2-AR Gln27Glu genetic polymorphisms are associated with obesity in Chinese male hypertensive patients.     

Compound heterozygosity of Leu252Val and Leu252Arg causing lipoprotein lipase deficiency in a chinese patient with hypertriglyceridemia

BACKGROUND: We investigated lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene mutations in a Chinese male with severe hypertriglyceridemia and recurrent pancreatitis. METHODS: We screened for LPL sequence mutation in the LPL gene in this patient, his relatives and 160 unrelated hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. We determined the postheparin plasma LPL activity of subjects carrying a LPL mutation and studied the in vitro expression of mutant LPL in COS-1 cells. RESULTS: The proband was found to be a compound heterozygote for a novel Leu252Val and a reported Leu252Arg mutation in the LPL gene. He had low plasma levels of postheparin LPL activity and mass. The two mutations segregated independently in his family. In vitro expression analysis showed that Leu252Arg abolished both the catalytic function and secretion of LPL, while Leu252Val abolished the catalytic function but only reduced secretion by about half. We have also detected heterozygous Leu252Val and Leu252Arg mutations each in one hypertriglyceridaemic individual. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that the leucine 252 is critical for the catalytic activity and secretion of LPL. Why the substitution by valine instead of arginine resulted only in a partial suppression of LPL secretion, remains to be investigated. Leu252Val and Leu252Arg are the likely cause of hypertriglyceridemia in these subjects because of their deleterious effects on LPL activity or secretion. Leu252Val/Leu252Arg is the first compound heterozygous mutation known to occur in the same codon of the LPL gene. So far they are found only in Chinese.     

一个遗传性凝血因子ⅩⅢ缺陷症家系新的基因异常

目的对1例遗传性凝血因子Ⅻ（FⅫ）缺陷症家系进行基因分析，探讨其发病的分子机制。方法用尿素溶解法和Berichrom kit检测患者及其家系成员血浆FⅫ的活性．用火箭电泳和酶联免疫吸附试验测定FⅫ抗原含量。PCR法扩增FⅫA基因的所有外显子和侧翼序列．DNA测序分析基因异常，用直接测序法和限制性内切酶（SfaNⅠ、NspⅠ）分析80名正常人相应序列的PCR产物以排除基因多态性。应用生物信息学软件对所鉴定的突变进行分子模建，探讨其致病的分子机制。结果患者纤维蛋白凝块在5mol／L尿素中30min内完全溶解，加入正常人血浆后则24h不溶解，患者血浆FⅫ活性为0，FⅫA抗原含量〈2％，FⅫB抗原含量在正常范围。家系成员中其父母和外祖母血浆FⅫ活性和FⅫA抗原约为正常人一半。在患者FⅫA基因外显子15中发现两处杂合异常，分别位于177246位碱基（C→T，导：致Arg703→Trp）和177286位碱摹（A→G，导致His716→Arg），直接测序和酶切分析两种方法均排除了基因多态性。患者的母亲与外祖母为Arg703→Trp杂合子，患者的父亲为His716→Arg杂合子．分子模建分析表明，Arg703和His716两个位点突变后均可导致barrel2与core结构域之间距离和结合能力的政变，使蛋白质发生错误折叠，稳定性降低。His716→Arg还可能影响酶的催化活性基因的空间结构形成。结论FⅫA基因外显子15上Arg703→Trp、His716→Arg复合杂合突变影响了蛋白质的正确折叠和稳定性，造成患者FⅫ抗原和活性的缺失。此复合杂合错义突变是一种未报道过的新的突变类型。     

四引物扩增受阻突变体系快速检测Wilson病基因Arg778 Leu突变

目的 建立一种不需要限制性片段长度多态性或直接测序的新方法检测肝豆状核变性（WD）病人突变热点ATP7B基因的Arg778Leu突变基因型。方法 用四引物扩增受阻突变体系聚合酶链反应（tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-PCR,tetra-primer ARMS—PCR）检测47例WD患者和30例正常对照的ATP7B基因Arg778Leu突变,并用测序进行验证。结果 47例WD患者中检出Arg778Leu纯合突变4例,杂合突变14例,总检出率38．3％（18／47）;30例正常对照未发现突变;DNA测序结果与四引物ARMS—PCR结果完全一致。结论 ATP7B基因Arg778Leu突变是中国人WD突变热点;四引物ARMS—PCR法检测Arg778Leu突变有快速、简便、准确的优点,可以区分等位基因是否纯合,适于大样本的人群筛查。此法也可用于检测其他点突变。     

Genotype Arg/Arg, but not Trp/Arg, of the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor is associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity in a large Japanese sample

OBJECTIVE: Despite a large number of studies, no association of the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor gene with obesity and type 2 diabetes has yet to be clearly elucidated. We examined the associations in a large population-based sample. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 1,685 subjects (935 women and 750 men, aged 58.7 +/- 12.4 years) from a cohort population (n = 3,706) of the Funagata Diabetes Study were divided into three groups according to genotypes: Trp/Trp (n = 1,155), Trp/Arg (n = 486), and Arg/Arg (n = 44). Glucose tolerance was diagnosed according to the 1985 World Health Organization criteria. Subjects who had a BMI > or =30 kg/m(2) were considered obese. Associations with the traits related to obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were also examined. The chi(2) test and analysis of variance were used for the association studies and to assess the differences in the traits' values, respectively. RESULTS: More subjects with genotype Arg/Arg were obese and had diabetes (13.6% for each) than those with genotype Trp/Trp (3.29%, P < 0.001; and 4.16%, P = 0.007, respectively) or genotype Trp/Arg (2.06%, P < 0.001; and 5.97%, P = 0.051, respectively). No significant differences in the frequencies of occurrence of these conditions were observed between genotypes Trp/Arg and Trp/Trp. Traits related to obesity, such as percent body fat (28.82 +/- 7.95 vs. 25.93 +/- 7.21, P = 0.038) and BMI (25.07 +/- 3.84 vs. 23.63 +/- 3.18, P = 0.018), were higher in the genotype Arg/Arg than in the genotype Trp/Trp groups. CONCLUSIONS: Genotype Arg/Arg, but not Trp/Arg, of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor was associated with both obesity and type 2 diabetes in a large Japanese sample.     

The Trp64Arg mutation of the beta3 adrenergic receptor gene has no effect on obesity phenotypes in the Québec Family Study and Swedish Obese Subjects cohorts.

The beta adrenergic system plays a key role in regulating energy balance through the stimulation of both thermogenesis and lipid mobilization in brown and white adipose tissues in human and various animal models. Recent studies have suggested that a missense Trp64Arg mutation in the beta3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) gene was involved in obesity and insulin resistance. We have investigated the effect of this mutation on obesity-related phenotypes in two cohorts: the Québec Family Study (QFS) and the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS). In QFS, no association was found between this mutation and body mass index (BMI), body fat including abdominal visceral fat, resting metabolic rate, various diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors, and changes in body weight and body fat over a 12-yr period. With the exception of RMR (P = 0.04), no evidence of linkage was detected between the mutation and phenotypes of QFS based on sib-pair data. In SOS, the frequency of the Trp64Arg allele was not significantly different between nonobese and obese female subjects and no association was found between the mutation and body weight gain over time. These findings do not support the view that there is an association between the Trp64Arg mutation in the ADRB3 gene and obesity.     

Validation of Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography as a Rapid Detection Method for the Identification of Human INK4A Gene Mutations

The incidence of melanoma is increasing rapidly in western countries. Genetic predisposition in familial and in some sporadic melanomas has been associated with the presence of INK4A gene mutations. To better define the risk for developing sporadic melanoma based on genetic and environmental interactions, large groups of cases need to be studied. Mutational analysis of genes lacking hot spots for sequence variations is time consuming and expensive. In this study we present the application of denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for screening of mutations. Exons 1α, 2, and 3 were amplified from 129 samples and 13 known mutants, yielding 347 products that were examined at different temperatures. Forty-two of these amplicons showed a distinct non-wild-type profile on the chromatogram. Independent sequencing analysis confirmed 16 different nucleotide variations in Leu³²Pro; Ile49Thr; 88 del G; Gln50Arg; Arg24Pro; Met53Ile; Met53Thr; Arg58stop; Pro81Leu; Asp84Ala; Arg80stop; Gly101Trp; Val106Val; Ala148Thr; and in positions (−2) in intron 1 (C → T); and in the 3′ UTR, nucleotide 500 (C → G). No false negatives or false positives were obtained by DHPLC in samples with mutations or polymorphisms. We conclude that the DHPLC is a fast, sensitive, cost-efficient, and reliable method for the scanning of INK4A somatic or germline mutations and polymorphisms of large number of samples.     

Point mutations in the steroid-binding domain of the androgen receptor gene of five Japanese patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome.

We analyzed the androgen receptor (AR) gene in five Japanese patients diagnosed with androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS). All AR genes from the five patients had single-nucleotide substitutions, which introduced a premature termination codon in three patients (Gln640, Arg752, and Gln640 and Trp751), and a single amino acid substitution in two patients (Arg831 to Gln, and Leu812 to Phe). All the mutations occurred in the steroid-binding domain, comprising exons D through G. The three patients with the premature termination codon(s) and the one patient with Arg831Gln were clinically diagnosed as having complete AIS, while the patient with Leu812Phe had a partial form of AIS. Pubic skin fibroblasts from four of the five patients did not show detectable androgen binding. These data on mutations that have not been reported previously, provide valuable information for the further characterization of structural and functional relationships in the steroid-binding domain of the AR protein.     

环氧化酶2基因Gly587Arg多态与原发性肝癌发病风险的相关性

目的 探讨中国汉族人群环氧化酶2 （COX-2）基因Gly587Arg多态与原发性肝癌发病风险的关系.方法 选取原发性肝癌患者270例及健康对照者540名,提取外周血淋巴细胞DNA,利用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性方法进行基因分型,以多变量Logistic回归分析比值比（OR）及其95％ CI.结果 在肝癌组及对照组只发现587Gly/Gly和Gly/Arg两种基因型,未发现587Arg/Arg基因型.肝癌组587Gly/Gly和Gly/Arg的基因型频率分别为91.5％ （247/270）、8.5％ （23/270）,对照组分别为96.5％（521/540）、3.5％ （19/540）,多变量Logistic回归分析显示,587Gly/Arg基因型携带者原发性肝癌发病风险是587Gly/Gly基因型携带者的2.56倍,其95％ CI为1.37 ～4.79（P =0.003）.结论 中国汉族人群中COX-2基因Gly587Arg多态与原发性肝癌的发病风险相关.