50 Hz磁场对大龄大鼠大脑皮层金属元素含量的影响

目的:探讨50Hz长期磁场暴露对大龄大鼠大脑皮层中几种重要金属含量的影响.材料与方法:通过等离子体原子发射光谱法,测定大龄大鼠大脑皮层中钙、铁、铜、镁、锌、锰等金属元素含量.结果:发现0.1 mT组大龄大鼠连续暴露8个月(2 h/d)后,大鼠大脑皮层组织中钙、铁、铜的含量明显增加,分别比对照组多32.26%、17.5%、和8.33%,镁、锌、锰的含量分别下降4.04%、16.28%、和5.26%,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:提示长期磁场暴露可增加大脑皮层组织中钙、铁、铜的含量和降低镁、锌、锰的含量,可能与抑制大鼠的学习记忆能力有关.     

大连地区母血及脐血中21种微量元素浓度测定分析

目的调查铁、锌、铜等11种必需微量元素及铅、砷、镉等10种有毒微量元素在正常产妇静脉血及新生儿脐血间的分布规律及其相关性,为孕期合理保健提供科学依据。方法随机对150名健康住院分娩的产妇分别抽取外周静脉血和新生儿脐静脉血,微波消解法制备供试品,电感耦合等离子体-质谱（ICP-MS）法进行全血21种微量元素水平的测定。结果大连地区孕妇全血中微量元素铁、钴、硒、铬、钼、砷、镉、铊和钒的浓度在正常成人参考值范围,锌、钙、铜、铅、银和钡的浓度明显低于参考值,而镁、锰和镍的浓度则高于该范围。与母血中各种微量元素浓度相比,脐血中的锌、钴、铜、锰、镍、铅、砷和镉的浓度均显著性降低（P〈0.01）,而铁的浓度则显著高于母血（P〈0.01）。直线相关分析结果表明,母血与脐血之间钙、镁、钴、铅、砷、铍、银、钡和钍的浓度呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）。结论微量元素在孕妇体内的浓度有别于正常成人的水平,新生儿体内微量元素的浓度与母亲体内微量元素的水平高低密切相关,孕期对上述多种重要的必需微量元素和有毒微量元素的水平进行监测和及时采取科学、有效的应对措施是优生的重要内容。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法与原子吸收光谱法在测定微量元素中的比较分析

目的 采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和原子吸收光谱法(AAS),分别检测临床患者全血样本中6种微量元素(钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、铅),并从方法 学、检测结果 两个方面进行分析和比较,便于医学实验室能够根据自身实际需求选择合适的检测方法.方法 分别建立了ICP-MS和AAS检测全血中6种微量元素的前处理方法及仪器...     

儿童幽门螺杆菌感染与体内钙、铁、锌、镁、铜含量的关系

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori,HP）感染对儿童全血中钙、铁、锌、镁、铜含量的影响。方法应用酶联免疫法对有上消化道症状的患儿进行血清HP抗体测定及火焰原子吸收光谱法检测全血中钙、铁、锌、镁、铜含量,以χ2分析HP感染者与非感染者全血中钙、铁、锌、镁、铜含量的差异。结果HP感染患儿全血锌、全血铁含量明显低于非感染者。差异有显著意义。结论幽门螺杆菌可引起儿童血锌、铁含量降低,及时给予治疗,纠正锌、铁的不足,保证儿童锌、铁营养对儿童生长发育具有重要意义。     

广西三江县侗族青少年头发中9种元素的含量

目的　确定广西三江县侗族青少年头发中 9种人体必需元素含量的正常值。方法　用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪 ,检测了来自三江县的 993名 7～ 16岁中小学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜和镁 9种人体必需元素的含量 ,并用SPSS统计软件进行统计分析。结果　广西三江县侗族中小学生头发中 ,镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜和镁 9种人体必需元素的含量没有性别差异 ;硒、铬、铁、锌、钙和铜与年龄呈负相关 ;制订了镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁 9种元素的头发含量的正常值范围。结论　广西三江县中学生头发中硒、铬、铁、锌、钙和铜含量有明显年龄差异 ,而镍、钴和镁却没有年龄差异。     

广西马山县壮族中小学生头发中9种元素的含量

目的确定广西马山壮族中小学生头发中9种人体必需元素含量的正常值。方法用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪,检测了来自马山县的1093名7～16岁中小学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁9种人体必需元素的含量,并用SPSS统计软件做了统计分析。结果广西马山壮族中小学生头发中,①镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁9种人体必需元素的含量没有性别差异;②铁与年龄呈负相关,但镍、硒、钴、铬、锌、钙、铜、镁的含量年龄没有相关关系;③制订了镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁9种元素的头发含量的的正常值范围。结论广西马山县中学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁含量没有明显的性别差异;发铁的含量随年龄增大而减少。     

电感耦合等离子质谱法测定碳酸镧中14种非稀土元素的含量

目的:建立高纯度碳酸镧(La2(CO3)3)中镁、铝、钙、钒、铁、钴、镍、铜、砷、硒、钼、镉、汞、铅14种非稀土元素含量测定方法。方法:样品加适量浓硝酸溶解后,用2%硝酸溶液稀释后经电感耦合等离子体质谱仪检测,通过在线内标的方式消除基体效应和漂移。结果:14种元素的方法检测限0.0064~0.5313μg·kg-1,加样回收率在82.9%~111.3%,RSD小于7%。结论:电感耦合等离子体质谱(Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)法测定碳酸镧中非稀土元素准确、灵敏度高,可以为碳酸镧质量控制提供技术保障。     

广西中小学生头发元素含量的地域性差异研究

目的　探讨广西中小学生头发中的人体必需元素含量及其地域性差异。方法　用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪 ,检测了来自融水、三江和马山县的 3 0 5 0名 7～ 16岁中小学生头发中铜、镁、镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙 9种人体必需元素的含量 ,并用SPSS统计软件做了统计分析。结果　中小学生头发中除铜以外的 8种元素含量有明显的地域性差异 :①融水的镁、镍、钴、铬、铁、钙含量高于三江的 ,硒、锌含量低于三江的 ;②融水的镁、钴、铁、锌、钙含量高于马山 ,镍、铬含量低于马山的 ;③三江的硒、钴、锌含量高于马山 ,镍、铬含量低于马山。其中融水的钴、铁、钙、镁含量最高 ;三江的硒、锌含量最高 ;马山的镍、铬含量最高。结论　广西融水、三江和马山县中学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、镁含量有明显的地域性差异     

产妇脐带血、静脉血微量元素的含量分析

目的了解产妇脐带血、静脉血中的铜、锌、钙、镁、铁、铅、镉的含量情况以及两者之间的相关性.方法BH5100火焰原子吸收分光光度仪、BH2100钨舟(电热)原子化分光光度仪,用肝素抗凝的脐血、静脉血1ml取40μl加入专用稀释液进行检测.结果134例脐带血静脉血微量元素的含量分析呈偏态分布,直线相关分析:锌呈负相关(r=-0.091 P=0.296)无相关性.铁无显著性相关(r=0.078 P=0.371),铜(r=0.394 P=0.000),钙(r=0.301 P=0.000),镁(r=0.727 P=0.000),铅(r=0.455P=0.000),镉(r=0.458 P=0.000)均有相关性.结论134例脐带血中铜、锌、钙、铅、镉的含量低于静脉血,镁和铁的含量而高于静脉血,均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).     

50 Hz弱磁场暴露对青年大鼠大脑皮层组织的重要金属元素含量的影响

目的探讨不同强度的50Hz磁场短期暴露对青年大鼠大脑皮层中几种重要金属含量的影响。方法通过等离子体原子发射光谱法,测定大脑皮层中钙、铁、镁等金属含量。结果发现短期弱磁场暴露(强度分别为1.2mT、1.6mT,2h/d,10d)可显著地增加大鼠大脑皮层组织中钙、铁、镁等金属元素含量;1.6mT强度可明显地增加铜与锰离子的含量;1.2mT强度磁场暴露可增加锌离子含量,但1.6mT强度却使锌的含量显著下降。结论短期弱强度磁场暴露可改变大脑皮层组织中钙、铁、锌、镁、铜、锰等重要金属元素的含量,此作用可能与其影响大鼠的学习记忆能力有关。     

Towards bio monitoring of toxic (lead) and essential elements in whole blood from 1- to 72-month old children: a cross-sectional study

Objectives

Minerals such as zinc, copper, selenium, calcium, and magnesium are essential for normal human development and functioning of the body. They have been found to play important roles in immuno-physiologic functions. The study is to evaluate the distribution and correlation of nonessential (lead) and essential elements in whole blood from 1- to 72-month old children.

Methods

The cross-sectional study was performed in 1551 children. Six element concentrations, including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) in the blood were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Distributions and correlations of trace elements in different age groups were analyzed and compared. A Pearson correlation controlled for age and gender was used to assess the relationship of non essential (lead) and essential elements.

Results

Levels of copper and magnesium were 18.09 ± 4.42 µmol/L and 1.42 ± 0.12 mmol/L, respectively. 6.04% of all children showed copper levels below the normal threshold, the levels of Magnesium were stable in different age groups. Though the overall mean blood zinc and iron concentrations (61.19 ± 11.30 µmol/L and 8.24 ± 0.59 mmol/L, respectively) gradually increased with age and the overall deficiency levels (24.1% and 36.0%, respectively) decreased with age, zinc and iron deficiencies were still very stable. Controlling for gender and age, significant positive correlations were found when comparing copper to zinc, calcium, magnesium, and iron ((r = 0.333, 0.241, 0.417, 0.314 ,p < 0.01); zinc to magnesium and iron (r = 0.440, 0.497p < 0.01); and magnesium to Calcium and iron (r = 0.349, 0.645, p < 0.01). The overall mean blood lead levels (41.16 ± 16.10) were relatively unstable among different age groups. The prevalence of lead intoxication in all children was 1.3% .Calcium levels decreased gradually with age, with an overall concentration of 1.78 ± 0.13 mmol/L.

Conclusion

Significant negative correlations were also noted between Pb and Zn, Fe (r = −0.179, −0.124.p < 0.01) .The importance of calcium deficiency and supplementation is well realized, but the severity of iron and zinc deficiency is not well recorded. The degree of lead intoxication in all the children studied was low; The established reference intervals for Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg provide an important guidance for the reasonable supplementation of essential elements during different age groups.     

黄石地区学龄前儿童血铅与微量元素调查

目的了解黄石市学龄前儿童血铅水平及与微量元素状况。方法用石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪检测1645名学龄前儿童进行血铅和血钙、铁、锌、镁、铜5种微量元素。结果 1645名学龄前儿童血铅中毒率为29.3%,学龄前血铅中毒儿童的钙、铁、锌均低于学龄前正常儿童的值,且具有显著性意义。结论黄石市学龄前儿童血铅中毒和钙、铁、锌缺乏有相当高的比率,镁和铜缺乏比率较低。     

日照地区23例苯丙酮尿症患儿微量元素检测结果分析

目的全面了解日照市苯丙酮尿症（PKU）患儿给以低苯丙氨酸（Phe）饮食后,其末梢血铁、锌、钙、镁及铜的含量,探讨其缺乏的综合防治措施。方法对我市2003年6月-2010年6月筛查出的23例PKU患儿,取末梢血对铁、锌、钙、镁及铜进行检测。结果患病儿的末梢血中钙、锌的含量低于正常儿童（〈0.05）,而铁、镁、铜的含量无统计学意义（﹥0.05）结论患儿应全面搭配营养膳食,努力达到膳食结构的多样化,以保证患儿正常的生长发育。     

邯郸及周边地区孕妇妊娠各期五种微量元素分布特征

目的探讨本地区孕妇妊娠各期全血铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、钙（Ca）、镁（Mg）、铁（Fe）5种微量元素的含量水平及其变化规律,为妊娠期微量元素的摄入与补充提供依据。方法按孕周将557例孕妇分为早、中、晚孕3个组,138例健康未孕育龄妇女为对照组;采用火焰原子吸收光谱法分别测定孕妇组和对照组妇女全血5种微量元素浓度水平,对数据统计处理并进行对照研究。结果早、中、晚孕三组cu元素和Ca元素浓度水平显著高于对照组,差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,Cu元素和Ca元素浓度水平在早、中、晚孕三组间比较差别无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;早孕组Zn、Mg、Fe三种元素浓度水平高于对照组,差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;中孕组zn和Mg元素浓度水平低于对照组,差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,中孕组Fe元素浓度水平与对照组比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;晚孕组Zn、Mg、Fe三种元素浓度水平低于对照组。差别有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Zn、Mg、Fe三种元素在早、中、晚孕三组间比较,浓度水平随孕周的增加而降低,差别有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论孕妇是微量元素缺乏的高危人群,要加强孕期及围产期微量元素的均衡摄入。通过其微量元素测定结果给予必要的补充,以保证母体和胎儿双方的需求。     

Progesterone, selected heavy metals and micronutrients in pregnant Nigerian women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion

Background

Environmental and endocrine factors have been implicated in the aetiology of recurrent abortion, with poorly understood roles. Luteal phase insufficiency marked with insufficient progesterone secretion has been reported.

Objective

To define the involvement of progesterone, trace metals, and Vitamin E in pregnant women with history of recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Methods

Convenience sampling method was used to recruit 69 pregnant women aged 21–41 years with gestational age of 0–20 weeks in this case-control study. Thirty five (cases) and thirty four (controls) had previous and no history of recurrent spontaneous abortion respectively. Demographic characteristics and 10mls of blood samples were obtained from each subject. Serum obtained was used for the determination of progesterone, zinc, copper, selenium, iron, magnesium, manganese, chromium, lead, cadmium, and serum vitamin E by standard methods.

Results

Results showed statistically significant decreases (p<0.05) in the serum zinc, copper, and vitamin E and a significant elevation (p<0.05) in the serum selenium, lead, and cadmium in cases compared with controls. Insignificant decrease (p=0.07) was observed in the serum progesterone when cases were compared with controls.

Conclusion

Results suggest that elevated serum heavy metals (cadmium and lead) and reduction of essential micronutrients (zinc, copper and vitamin E) may contribute to recurrent spontaneous abortion.     

Influence of metals and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs on the activity of human red cell ALA dehydratase "in vitro" (author's transl)]

The effect of metals and drugs on the activity of human erythrocyte ALA dehydratase has been studied in vitro. The most inhibitory metals are with decreasing effect silver, copper, gold and selenium. Zinc, cadmium, mercury are inhibitory at high concentrations and activator at low concentrations. Arsenic, calcium, magnesium, manganese, potassium, cobalt have no effect. Within the drugs studied the non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, keptoprofen, indometacin, phenylbutazone, sodium salicylate and niflumic acid) are the only group which inhibits the enzyme ALA dehydratase. This inhibition is suppressed by zinc. The non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can inhibit the activity of enzymes which need zinc for optimal activity.     

学习障碍儿童微量元素测定及营养素摄入的分析

目的旨在对儿童学习障碍(LD)的可能发病机制以及促进学习障碍儿童学习成绩提高的膳食指导提供一定的线索,探讨了微量元素与营养素对儿童学习障碍的影响。方法测定LD组与对照组儿童各50名血清Zn、Cu、Fe、Pb含量,并对两组儿童膳食进调查分析。结果LD组儿童血清Zn、Cu、Fe显著低于对照组(P<0.01),而血清Pb显著高于对照组(P<0.01);摄入营养素Zn、Cu、Fe、V itB1、DHA、AA、EPA显著低于对照组(P<0.01),两组儿童维生素C、蛋白质以及钙摄入的差异无统计学意义。结论儿童学习障碍的发生可能与饮食结构失调有关,应重视LD儿童饮食结构的调整,增加富含Zn、Cu、Fe、V itB1、DHA、AA、EPA食物的摄入。     

Reduced concentrations of selenium in mild Crohn''s disease.

The concentrations of selenium, zinc, and copper were determined in whole blood, plasma, and leucocytes in 20 patients with relatively mild Crohn's disease, nine of whom were being treated with steroids, and compared with those of a control group. There was a significant decrease in the concentration of selenium in the leucocytes as well as in whole blood and plasma in the patients. Steroids seemed to affect only the concentrations of zinc and copper in plasma. The concentrations of copper and zinc in whole blood, plasma, and leucocytes in patients not taking steroids were not significantly different from those of the control group. The observations suggest that those patients with an apparently satisfactory whole body concentration of copper and zinc may still be at risk of a decrease in the body content of selenium.