CT findings of omental torsion and infarction: case report and review of the literature

A 37-year-old woman presented with progressive diffuse abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse streaking of the greater omentum with a mass of fat density located anteriorly just below the umbilicus, showing a whirling pattern of concentric streaks. Surgery and pathology revealed torsion and infarction of the greater omentum. Because of its rarity and nonspecific clinical features, the diagnosis is seldom made preoperatively. We describe a patient with characteristic CT findings of omental torsion. Preoperative diagnosis is important since conservative management has been suggested.     

Pituicytoma: case report and literature review

Pituicytoma is a rare primary tumour of the neurohypophysis or infundibulum, which masquerades as a pituitary adenoma. We present a pituicytoma case in a 45-year-old female presenting as a focal lesion of the neurohypophysis. This case report reviews the clinical, neuroimaging and histopathological features of this rare tumour in order to understand it better.     

蜡泪样骨病1例报告及文献回顾

患者 女,35岁,左手背肿胀,活动后疼痛6个月.患者一般情况良好,否认家族遗传病史,实验室检查血常规,C反应蛋白及血沉均(一).影像学表现:左肱骨、左侧尺桡骨及左手X线平片见左侧肩胛骨体部及喙突及左侧肱骨全段偏桡侧、桡骨、舟骨、大多角骨及小多角骨、第1掌指骨及第2掌骨骨皮质不均匀性增厚硬化,骨质密度明显增高,髓腔变窄,部分消失,骨干明显增粗,外形呈波浪状改变,病变与正常骨结构分界清晰,周围软组织未见明显肿胀(图1～3).MSCT显示左侧肱骨骨干增粗,偏外侧骨皮质明显增厚硬化,病变累及骨皮质内外,骨髓腔变窄,部分消失,病灶与正常骨质分界清晰,左侧肩胛骨喙突骨质密度均匀增高硬化(图4,5).影像学诊断:蜡泪样骨病.     

Epidural lipomatosis: case report and literature review

We report a case of symptomatic epidural lipomatosis in a 36-year-old man following a heart lung transplant and 3.5 years of steroid medication. A review of the pertinent literature emphasises the importance of including this diagnosis in the differential diagnosis of patients receiving steroid medication or markedly obese patients with back pain or symptoms suggesting spinal cord or cauda equina compression.     

Emphysematous gastritis: case report and literature review

Emphysematous gastritis is a rare form of gastritis that results from infection of the stomach wall by gas-forming organisms. Diagnosis of this commonly fatal condition rests on radiological demonstration of gas within the stomach wall. This can be observed on plain radiographs or CT scans of the abdomen. Only by prompt diagnosis and treatment can mortality be avoided. A new case of empysematous gastritis, diagnosed on CT scan by the demonstration of both intramural and portal venous gas, is presented and the literature is reviewed.     

霉菌性脊柱炎1例并文献复习

目的探讨霉菌性脊柱炎的临床表现、影像特征和病理特点,提高对霉菌性脊柱炎的认识和鉴别诊断能力。方法回顾性分析1例经手术病理证实的霉菌性脊柱炎病人的影像及病理资料并行文献复习。结果 CT检查显示胸4～胸7椎体广泛骨质硬化伴有周围软组织肿块,病变内部可见散在小片状骨质破坏区,邻近椎间隙无明显变窄;MRI显示胸4～胸8椎体可见斑片状异常信号影,T_1WI上呈低信号,T_2WI上呈稍高信号,抑脂序列呈高信号,邻近椎间盘未见明显异常,增强检查病变椎体、椎旁及硬膜外肿块呈明显强化。术后病理诊断为霉菌感染,血清曲霉菌半乳甘露聚糖检测为阳性。结论霉菌性脊柱炎罕见,其临床和影像表现无特异性,确诊需依赖于病理组织学检查。     

Unipapillary kidney: A case report and literature review

The congenital variant of the unipapillary kidney is associated with an abnormal contralateral kidney and frequently with anomalies of other systems as well. An additional case is presented and a review of the literature is discussed.     

心脏血管瘤1例并文献复习

目的 探讨心脏血管瘤的临床表现、影像特征和病理特点,以提高对心脏血管瘤的认识和鉴别诊断能力。 方法 回顾性分析1例经手术病理证实的心脏血管瘤病人的影像及病理资料并行文献复习。 结果 超声心动图上可见胸腔内主动脉根部右后方、腹主动脉膈肌水平左前方一实性为主的中等回声团,内部可见低、无回声区,周边可见强回声的钙化,血流未见异常。CT显示心脏肿物位于左室下壁,密度欠均匀,内部及边缘可见明显钙化;增强后病变轻度强化。MRI显示左室下壁基底段肿物明显向腔外突出,信号不均匀,增强后呈不均匀轻度强化。选择性冠状动脉造影可见肿瘤供血动脉来源于右冠状动脉。PET/CT显示病灶呈糖代谢缺失。正电子发射计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）显示病灶呈糖代谢缺失。 结论 心脏血管瘤可发生于心脏肌层,如发现心脏肌层肿物存在冠状动脉供血及明显蛋壳样钙化时,即使不具有典型强化表现,也需考虑血管瘤的诊断。     

SAPHO综合征1例报道及文献综述

SAPHO综合征是累及骨、关节及皮肤的一系列病变的总称.骨关节病变没有特异性,易与其他疾病发生混淆.为加深对SAPHO综合征的认识.更好地做出早期正确诊断,本文报道了一例SAPHO综合征,并对其临床及影像学表现做了综述.     

肾类癌1例报告并文献复习

患者 男,53岁.因“右侧腰背部胀痛10余天”入院.右侧腰腹部可扪及8 cm×10 cm大小包块,质硬,不活动,无压痛.彩超示:右肾上极稍强实质性包块8.3 cm×8.2cm,边界清楚,形态规则;考虑右肾实质性包块.CT显示:右肾中上份见大小约为92 mm×85 mm×82 mm稍低密度影,边界欠清;其密度不均,CT值约38 HU;内见钙化影(图1).增强后各期呈轻度不均匀强化,CT值约49 HU;强化程度均低于肾实质(图2～4).CT诊断:右肾中上份肿瘤性病变.手术见右肾上极一大小约9 cm×8 cm×7 cm肿块,质硬,活动度小,表面血管曲张.行右肾根治性切除术.病理:右肾切面见一球形肿物,直径8 cm,累及肾脏中上极及肾门,肾窦结构不清(图5).     

Ureteral intussusception: a case report and literature review

We present the case of a 64-year-old man with intussusception of the right ureter as a complication of an underlying transitional cell carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case report that illustrates ureteral intussusception by both multidetector computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Although ureteral intussusceptions are thought to be associated with benign masses, our comprehensive review of the literature demonstrates that almost half of the cases are associated with underlying malignancy.     

Perisplenic pseudolesion: a case report and literature review

Distinguishing a normal variant from true pathology is a frequent task of the imager. In the assessment of the trauma patient, rapid determination of the presence or absence of intraabdominal injury is of paramount importance. We present the sonographic findings of an anatomic variant detected in a patient following blunt abdominal trauma. Trauma sonogram revealed an elongated left lobe of the liver mimicking a subcapsular splenic hematoma. This case illustrates the importance of recognizing this potential pitfall in the setting of abdominal trauma. An equivocal trauma sonogram can lead to critical delays in treatment of associated injuries and unnecessary additional imaging or even surgery.     

Bifid mandibular canal: literature review and case report

OBJECTIVES: The objective is to call attention to and to review the literature of the anatomical variation: bifid mandibular canal. METHODS: A review of the literature is summarized. Additionally, the clinical and radiographic findings of a patient who presented a unilateral bifid mandibular canal are recorded. RESULTS: Bifid mandibular canals can be detected on a panoramic radiograph. More precise information about the course of the canal can be revealed on cross sectional CT images perpendicular to the alveolar ridge. CONCLUSIONS: Bifid mandibular canals are often unrecognized. The detection of these anatomical variations is important because of its clinical implications. Special attention has to be paid in surgical procedures involving the lower jaw.     

Xanthoma disseminatum: a case report and literature review

This case report describes the neuro-opthalmologic and respiratory manifestations of xanthoma disseminatum, a rare histiocytosis syndrome characterized by disseminated lesions in a young male adult. Multimodality management of this disease, including the role of local radiotherapy, is discussed accompanied by a review of the literature.     

睾丸扭转误诊分析并文献复习

目的提高临床医师睾丸扭转的诊治水平,减少误诊。方法报道2例因延迟就诊的睾丸扭转患者的诊治资料,结合文献对其病因、临床表现、超声诊断及误诊原因进行复习与分析。结果对2例患者均行手术探查,1例睾丸坏死者行睾丸切除,1例行复位及同侧睾丸固定术,术后睾丸萎缩失去功能。结论发病后及时就诊、准确诊断和及时正确的治疗是避免睾丸丢失的关键,彩色多普勒超声为睾丸扭转的首选检查方法,及时的手术探查可以提高睾丸的挽救率。     

Supratentorial hemangioblastoma: A rare case report and literature review

Hemangioblastomas are rare and benign tumors of the central nervous system. They account for 1.5%-2.5% of all intracranial tumors and have an incidence of 3.2%. The resemblance of hemangioblastomas to other tumors renders preoperative diagnosis and management challenging. Herein, we report a case of a supratentorial hemangioblastoma accompanied by extensive reactive gliosis and diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, we review the relevant literature.     

Renal vein leiomyosarcoma: A case report and literature review

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the renal vein occurring in a 48-year-old woman is reported, and the literature is reviewed. Ultrasonography (US) revealed a rounded uniform echogenic mass in the renal hilus. Computed tomography (CT) showed a well-demarcated, uniform, soft tissue density mass. Both US and CT were useful to detect the renal mass in the present case, and may be useful for staging of renal vein leiomyosarcoma. However, these imaging procedures did not reveal diagnostic features of leiomyosarcoma.     

Metachronous multifocal osteosarcoma: a case report and literature review

Metachronous multifocal osteosarcoma (MFOS) is a rare form of osteosarcoma manifested by one or more new tumors developing after the initial treatment of primary osteosarcoma. The pathogenesis of metachronous MFOS is still obscure whether it represents multiple true primaries or metastatic disease. However, there is a clinical significance that metachronous MFOS is a potentially curable disease [Resnick D, Kyriacos M, Greenway GD. Tumors and tumor-like lesions of bone: imaging and pathology of specific lesions. In: Resnick D, editor. Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1995: p. 3697-9.]. To our knowledge, there have been only a few reports about metachronous MFOS. We report a case of MFOS in a 14-year-old boy with review of the literature.