内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦囊肿

目的：探讨经鼻内窥镜切除鼻窦囊肿的手术方法。方法：２０例鼻窦囊肿经功能性鼻内窥镜手术治愈,其中单侧上颌窦囊肿１０例,双侧上颌窦囊肿２例;筛窦囊肿３例;额窦和蝶窦囊肿各２例。鼻窦多发囊肿１例（额、筛窦复合囊肿＋上颌窦囊肿）。结果：１８例随访８￣４０个月无复发。结论：该手术损伤小,不留面部瘢痕,适用于多数鼻窦鼻病例。     

鼻窦粘液囊肿袋状化手术的疗效观察

目的：应用鼻内窥镜对蝶、额、筛窦粘液囊肿的病人施行袋状化手术,分别随访３～５ 年,观察治疗结果。方法：对１５ 例病人,男９ 例,女６ 例,年龄２８～７２ 岁,平均４４．７３ 岁,其中蝶窦囊肿５例（并筛窦囊肿１ 例,并上颌窦囊肿１ 例,蝶额筛窦囊肿１ 例）,筛窦囊肿１１ 例（并上颌窦囊肿３例）,额筛窦囊肿３ 例,应用鼻内窥镜施行袋状化手术治疗,术后分别随访３～５ 年。结果：凸眼、鼻塞、头痛等症状消失,囊肿无复发。结论：应用鼻内窥镜施行鼻窦囊肿袋状化手术,简捷、经济、手术确实、副损伤小、面部无瘢痕,并可保留鼻窦粘膜的功能,是处理鼻窦粘液囊肿的首选方法     

内窥镜下蝶,额,筛窦囊肿开盖术

介绍８例副鼻窦囊肿的病人，男４例，女４例，年龄２８－７２岁，平均５４．３岁其中额筛窦囊肿５例，蝶窦囊肿３例，１例伴上颌窦囊肿，既往经鼻外进路行筛窦囊肿摘除术１例，临床表现主要是凸眼，头痛和鼻塞，１例蝶窦囊肿临床无症状，经ＣＴ扫描和ＭＲＩ检查明确诊断，局麻下应用鼻内窥镜行囊肿开盖术，简捷，经济，手术确定，副损伤小，面部无瘢痕，并可保留鼻窦粘膜的功能，故鼻窦囊肿应为内窥镜手术治疗的首选适应证。     

鼻内窥镜下行92例鼻窦炎手术的临床分析

目的:讨论鼻内窥镜在鼻窦炎手术中的手术技巧和手术效果。方法:回顾分析我院2008年9月至2010年10月间连续92例鼻内窥镜手术,其中65例上颌窦病变,接受了上颌窦开放引流术;27例合并筛窦炎,接受上颌窦和筛窦开放引流术;术后随访了7月至36个月。结果:92例患者中,鼻腔鼻窦引流通畅的69例(75%),改善121例(22.5%),无效2例(2.5%)。结论:鼻内窥镜下治疗鼻窦炎是治疗鼻窦疾病的有效方法;对于鼻窦疾病患者,采用鼻窦开放引流术能够很好的解决窦口引流问题,有助于鼻窦功能恢复正常。     

经鼻内镜手术治疗鼻窦黏液囊肿26例体会

鼻窦黏液囊肿的传统手术多采用鼻外径路、上颌窦根治术径路,且尽可能完整切除囊壁。随着鼻内镜手术的广泛开展,现多采用鼻内镜手术治疗。本文介绍26例鼻窦黏液囊肿的鼻内镜手术治疗体会。1资料与方法1.1临床资料1998-2006年我院收治的鼻窦黏液囊肿患者26例,男15例、女11例;年龄23~66岁,平均38.7岁;双侧1例、单侧25例;上颌窦囊肿3例、筛窦囊肿10例、额及筛窦囊肿7例、蝶窦囊肿5例、蝶及筛窦囊肿1例。均经鼻窦CT检查及囊肿穿刺抽液证实。临床表现为凸眼及复视12例、内眦或额部肿块10例、头痛18例、鼻塞13例、流脓涕16例、视力下降7例。1.2方…     

鼻内窥镜下微波辅助治疗上颌窦息肉及囊肿

目的:探讨鼻内镜下利用微波热凝治疗上颌窦息肉及囊肿的疗效。方法:对67例上颌窦息肉及囊肿患者行鼻内镜下微波辅助鼻窦手术,在30°7、0°鼻内窥镜引导下,利用微波辐射器可随意弯曲的特点,将微波探头经扩大的上颌窦口伸入窦内热凝窦内息肉和囊肿,彻底清除病变。需扩大上颌窦口者同时用微波行中鼻道上颌窦造口术。结果:术后随访6~12个月(平均9个月),治愈58例,好转8例,无效1例。总有效率98.5%,治愈率86.6%。结论:此法可彻底清除上颌窦内病灶,降低术后复发率,弥补了经鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术在处理上颌窦病变时的局限性。     

经鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术106例

目的：探讨影响鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术疗效的因素及并发症的预防。方法：对行鼻内窥镜手术106例（158例）鼻腔、鼻窦疾病的临床资料进行总结。结果：106例病例全部随访6－24个月，其中慢性鼻窦炎治愈72例（73．5％），好转24例（24．5％），无效2例（2．0％）。4例上颌窦囊肿和2例蝶窦囊肿，2例筛窦内翻性乳头状瘤，随访一年以上，均无复发。结论：鼻内窥镜手术的适应证要选择好，术前需作鼻窦冠状CT扫描；术者应有熟练的鼻部解剖基础，并熟练掌握鼻内筛窦切除的技巧；中鼻甲是鼻内窥镜术中最重要的定位标志；术中随访换药对提高治愈率防止复发很重要。     

鼻及鼻窦囊肿：附104例报告

我院自1958～1986年底共收治的鼻及鼻窦囊肿104例分类为1、鼻窦囊肿68例。含上颌窦粘膜囊肿、额筛窦粘液囊肿、筛窦粘液囊肿,上颌窦粘液囊肿、额窦粘液囊肿及上颌窦筛窦粘液囊肿。2、     

鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术156例分析

为了评价鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术的疗效，对１５６例鼻窦炎，鼻息肉患者行为窥镜鼻窦手术，其中男１０３例，女５３例，年龄１５￣６５岁，计功能性鼻内窦镜手术６５例，全筛窦开放术３９例，全蝶筛窦开放术４５例，上颌窦囊肿摘除术７例，术后随访３￣１２月，观察手术疗效。     

功能性鼻窦内窥镜手术43例体会

<正> 近年来,随着鼻显微手术的发展,功能性鼻窦内窥镜手术为鼻窦炎及鼻息肉治疗提供了一个有效手段。笔者自1997年1月至1998年3月,采用鼻窦内窥镜行功能性鼻窦手术43例,术后对42例进行了随访,疗效满意。现报告如下。 1 临床与方法 1.1 临床资料:43例(72侧)中,男19例,女24例;年龄13～65岁。双侧29例,单侧14例。上颌窦炎11例,上颌窦炎伴鼻息肉8例,筛窦炎伴鼻息肉14铡,上颌窦囊肿8例,中鼻甲息肉样变2例。 1.2 手术方法:术前常规副鼻窦冠状位CT检查确定诊断,了解钩突有无变异及其与上颌窦口的关系,对窦腔病变范围及筛窦发育情况有初步认识,再根据术中鼻窦内窥镜下探查情况,采取不同术式。 1.2.1 功能性筛窦手术:用直径4mm,30度及70度视角镜,各种角度的咬钳,在内窥镜下先切除钩突,扩大中鼻道,咬除筛泡,再向后上咬除前筛窦窦壁炎症及息肉;继而开放后筛窦,切除炎性病变的筛窦及息肉。 1.2.2 上颌窦内窥镜手术:在内窥镜下先切除钩突,对中鼻甲息肉样变病例,切除中鼻甲外侧面息肉样     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.