当归对胆管结扎肝硬化犬血浆TXA2／PGI2水平的影响

肝硬化病人及动物伴有显著ＴＸＡ２／ＰＧＩ２代谢异常，当归可有效地降低肝硬化大鼠和犬的门脉压，亦可影响多种种属动物和人花生四烯酸的代谢。因而有可能通过影响肝硬化动物ＴＸＡ２／ＰＧＩ２的代谢而改善和调节门脉血液动力学。为此，我们观察了当归对胆管结扎肝硬化犬腹腔内脏血浆ＴＸＢ２、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α及其比值的影响。结果表明，静滴当归注射液后，动物下腔静脉、肝静脉和门静脉内ＴＸＢ２水平分别增加８０．１     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血液TXB_2和6－酮－PGF1_α的变化

本文用放射免疫分析，检测了６３例血栓闭塞性脉管炎（ＴＡＯ）病人ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量及其比值的变化，并对其中３１例进行了治疗前后的对比。ＴＡＯ病人ＴＸＢ２含量增高，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量下降，两者的比值上升。上述变化随病情的加重而明显。治疗前后比较的结果显示，随症状好转ＴＸＢ２值下降、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α值上升、两者比值下降。血浆ＴＸＢ２含量的增加及ＴＸＢ２／ＰＧＦ１α值的增高是ＴＡＯ重要的病理现象；血浆ＰＧＦ１α含量的增加可能在对抗四肢末梢血管缺血中起到有益的保护作用；分析本病的变化时，对于ＴＸＢ２／ＰＧＦ１α值的分析比单纯对ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α值的分析更有理论和实际的意义。     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血液TXB2和6—酮—PGF1α的变化

本文用放射免疫分析，检测了６３例血栓闭塞性脉管炎（ＴＡＯ）病人ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量及其比值的变化。并对其中３１例进行治疗前后的对比。ＴＡＯ现人ＴＸＢ２含量增高，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量下降，两者的比值上升。上述变化随病情的加重而明显。治疗前后比较的结果显示，随症状好转ＴＸＢ２值下降、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α值上升、两者比值下降。血乐ＴＸＢ２含量的增加及ＴＸＢ２／ＰＧＦ１α值的     

"肝郁"大鼠血浆TXA2、 PGI2水平与肝微循环变化及逍遥散作用

目的 探讨“肝郁”大鼠模型血浆ＴＸＡ２、ＰＧＩ２水平与肝微循环变化，揭示“肝郁致瘀”的机理。方法 用捆绑式限制大鼠活动制作肝郁大鼠模型，血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α、ＴＸＢ２测定采用放射免疫分析法，肝微区、胃微区ＢＣＰＡ测定用ＬＤＦ－Ⅱ型激光微循环血流计。结果 造模大鼠一般于造模第３～４ｄ出现“肝郁”现象：肝郁大鼠血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α明显降低（Ｐ〉０．０１）；ＴＸＢ２明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１     

急性坏死性胰腺炎猴血浆TXB2,6—keto—PGF1α的变化及生长抑素对 …

本实验用急性坏死性胰腺炎（ＡＮＰ）猴模型,观察到在ＡＮＰ过程中ＴＸＢ２、６ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α发生明显的变化,其中ＴＸＢ２在发病早期（２ｈ）即明显增加达３．５倍,而６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α在发病早期仅销增高,ＴＸＢ２／６ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α升高达到高峰,增高约４．４倍,这时ＴＸＢ２／６ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α明显降低。在生长抑素治疗组中,ＡＮＰ猴生存时间延长,自下而上率提高,腹腔内炎症减轻,ＴＸＢ２、６ｋｅ     

常压缺氧大鼠血浆和肺组织TXB2和6—keto—PGF1α的动态变化

本文观察常压缺氧２４ｈ及１，２，４ｗ后大鼠血小板数及聚集率和血浆及肺ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α的动态变化。结果表明（１）缺氧大鼠血小板数呈先增加、后恢复、再下降，血小板聚集率呈先减少、后增加再减少的动态变化。（２）血浆ＴＸＢ２和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α均明显升高。（３）肺组织６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α升高早于ＴＸＢ２，提示ＰＧＩ２参于早期缺氧肺血管张力调节。（４）缺氧大鼠２周时肺动脉高压达到     

流行性出血热各期磷脂酶A2,血栓素B2与6—酮前列腺素F1α…

用微量酸滴定法和放免分析法分别对４３例流行性出血热患者各期血清中磷脂酶Ａ２（ＰＬＡ２）活性和血浆中血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）和６－酮前列腺素Ｆ１α－（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α）水平进行了动态检测。结果显示：本病各期ＰＬＡ２和ＴＸＢ２明显升高，而６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α明显下降；上述变化程度与病情高度平行，本病危重型和病的极期变化最明显，并与血小板数量下降和肾功损害相关。初步探讨了ＰＬＡ与ＴＸＢ２－６－     

反复自然流产患者血浆前列环素和血栓素水平及其与抗心磷脂抗体的关系

用ＲＩＡ法检测了４６例不明原因的反复自然流产（ＲＳＡ）患者血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ和ＴＸＢ２水平，并对其与抗心磷脂抗体（ＡＣＡ）的关系进行了研究。结果表明，ＲＳＡ患者有一定程度的血栓素升高和前列环素的降低，其中尤以ＡＣＡ阳性者更为明显，Ｔ／Ｋ比值较对照组显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。体外实验尚未发现ＡＣＡ对血小板释放ＴＸＡ２有明显的促进作用，对其原因也进行了分析。本文还就ＡＣＡ阳性患者血浆ＴＸＢ２升高和６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ降低的机理及临床意义作了探讨。     

急性胰腺炎病人血浆血栓素及前列环素水平变化的临床研究

应用放免技术对２９例急性胰腺炎病人血浆ＴＸＢ２６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ水平进行动态检测。结果表明，ＡＰ尤其是ＡＮＰ血浆ＴＸＢ２明显增高和Ｔ／Ｋ比值增大；经治疗后，随着病情的恢复，各值渐趋于正常。     

白细胞介素—8对大鼠失血性休克血浆6—keto—PGF1α和TXB2含量的影响

目的和方法：本文观察重组人内皮细胞衍生的白细胞介素－８（ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８）对大鼠晚期失血性休克血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α和ＴＸＢ２含量的影响，并与平均动脉血压（ＭＡＢＰ）的变化作相关性分析。结果：晚期失血性休克血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量明显降低（１０６７４±１２２６ｖｓ１５６８２±１１４２）ｎｇ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜００１，ＴＸＢ２含量明显升高（３１８３６±２６．５４ｖｓ１７４９１±２１５８）ｎｇ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜００１；给予ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８（２５０μｇ／ｋｇ）后，血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α含量明显升高（３６８４７±１５６８ｖｓ１０３７６±１３１８）ｎｇ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜００１，其血浆水平与ＭＡＢＰ变化呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．７４６，Ｐ＜００１）；ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８对血浆ＴＸＢ２含量却无明显影响。结论：ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８抗晚期失血性休克作用与其促进血管内皮细胞产生和释放ＰＧＩ２有关     

An apparent KIR2DS2-negative KIR2DL2-positive genotype discloses the novel allele KIR2DS2*00104

KIR2DS2*00104 lacks a distinctive synonymous substitution of KIR2DS2 in nucleotide 418 that affects KIR genotyping.     

CaO-MgO-P_2O_5-SiO_2-CaF_2系统自硬性玻璃的研究

为研究钙离子、镁离子在体内环境中对自硬性玻璃结晶行为的影响,为自硬性生物活性玻璃的临床应用提供依据,本文设计了CaO-P2O5-SiO2-CaF2(Ca-glass)和CaO-MgO-P2O5-SiO2-CaF2(CaMg-glass)系统玻璃并使用模拟体液(simulated body flu id,SBF)进行了研究。首先采用磷酸氢二氨[(NH4)2HPO4]/[NH4H2PO4]硬化液与Ca-glass、CaMg-glass制成硬化体,然后使用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、失重、力学分析等方法,研究硬化体在SBF中的结晶性、降解性和力学性能。实验结果表明,玻璃粉末与磷酸铵缓冲溶液反应形成了磷酸铵钙[(NH4)2.Ca(HPO4)2.H2O]硬化体。硬化体经过SBF浸泡,Ca-glass系统硬化体中部分磷酸铵钙转化成羟基磷灰石,而CaMg-glass系统硬化体仍然为磷酸铵钙。Ca-glass与CaMg-glass硬化体在SBF中浸泡28天分别降解19.4%和31.3%,抗压强度分别为93.14MPa和64.52MPa。镁离子的歧化作用是导致Ca-glass、CaMg-glass硬化体结晶性能、降解性能以及力学性能差别的主要原因。     

K2O-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-F系统可切削生物微晶玻璃

目的 可切削微晶玻璃的制备温度高达1500 ℃以上,此特性严重制约其产业化发展.本文设计制备了K2O-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-F系统低温云母生物微晶玻璃,并探讨制备工艺对材料结构和性能的影响.方法 采用1300 ℃熔化工艺与600～750 ℃晶化热处理工艺制备微晶玻璃,通过X射线衍射分析方法研究微晶玻璃的晶相组成,利用扫描电子显微镜观察微晶玻璃的形貌,并通过显微硬度分析、高速砂轮切削实验考察微晶玻璃的可切削性能.结果 分别经过600 ℃、650 ℃、700 ℃、750 ℃晶化热处理2 h、4 h、8 h后,玻璃中均形成了主晶相为氟金云母的微晶玻璃,微晶玻璃的显微硬度为3～8 GPa.且随着晶化温度的升高,微晶玻璃层状结构逐渐明晰,但硬度不断下降,其可切削性持续提高.结论 低温下熔化K2O-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO系统玻璃工艺降低了可切削微晶玻璃的制备温度和成本,利于产业化生产和推广应用.     

KIR2DL2/S2 and KIR2DS5 in alcoholic cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation

IntroductionThe molecular mechanisms underlying alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are not completely understood. Hepatic fibrosis involves the interplay of diverse cells and factors, including hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer, NK cells, and T-lymphocyte subsets. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are membrane receptors involved in mediation between NK and activated HSCs, regulating NK cell function through their interaction with HLA-I molecules. The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic association between KIR genes and the susceptibility to or protection from alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) in a cohort of male AC patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) with and without concomitant viral infections.Material and methodsKIR genotyping was performed in nuclear DNA extracted from 281 AC patients and compared with 319 male controls.ResultsSignificant differences between total AC patients and healthy controls were only found in the case of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS5. KIR2DL2 was significantly underrepresented in non-viral AC patients (52.6% vs. 63.3%; p = 0.015), while patients heterozygous for KIR2DL2 were also underrepresented in the non-viral AC group compared with controls (p = 0.034). KIR2DS5 was overrepresented in this group compared with healthy controls (p = 0.002). All these observations were only evident in AC patients older than 54 years old.ConclusionsOur data suggest a contrary effect of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS5 in AC patients older than 54 years, in whom the presence of KIR2DL2 appears to be protective against AC, whereas the presence of KIR2DS5 seems to promote the fibrotic process, particularly in patients with no associated viral infection.     

ExspiratorischepO2-undpCO2-Kurven bei Atmung von N2-, He- und Ar−O2-Gemischen

Zusammenfassung Zur Untersuchung der intrapulmonalen Gasmischung wurden an zehn Versuchspersonen die exspiratorischenpO₂- undpCO₂-Kurven fortlaufend und simultan massenspektrometrisch in Abhängigkeit vom Atemvolumen bei Atmung von Stickstoff-Sauerstoff-, Helium-Sauerstoff- und Argon-Sauerstoff-Gemischen registriert.Im Mischluftanteil wurden für den Abfall despO₂ von 75% auf 25% der Endamplitude im Mittel bei N₂–O₂-Atmung 81,6 ml, bei He–O₂-Atmung 66,1 ml und bei Ar–O₂-Atmung 71,9 ml benötigt. Die entsprechenden Zahlen für den Anstieg despCO₂ sind bei Atmung von N₂–O₂ 84,9 ml, von He–O₂ 68,5 ml und von Ar–O₂ 80.6 ml.DerpO₂ des Alveolarluftanteils sank während der letzten 300 ml Exspirationsvolumen bei Atmung des N₂–O₂-Gemisches im Mittel um 4,7 Torr, bei He–O₂ um 3,4 Torr und bei Ar–O₂ um 6,8 Torr. DerpCO₂ stieg gleichzeitig im Mittel bei Atmung des N₂–O₂-Gemisches um 2,8 Torr, bei He–O₂ um 2,1 Torr und bei Ar–O₂ um 3,7 Torr.Die Ursachen dieser Differenzen werden für den Mischluftanteil auf unterschiedliche Diffusions- und Strömungsbedingungen in den zentralen Lungenabschnitten zurückgeführt. Demgegenüber lassen sich die unterschiedlichen Partialdruckänderungen im Alveolarplateau durch Diffusion in den peripheren Lungenabschnitten und durch die Form der O₂ und CO₂-Bindungskurven erklären.Mit finanzieller Unterstützung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft für Kohle und Stahl durchgeführte Forschungsarbeit.     

2-Perbromomethyl-2-oxazoline: a novel trifunctional initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline

Polymerization of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline was carried out using a trifunctional initiator, 2-perbromomethyl-2-oxazoline. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the resulting polymer was very close to the feed mole ratio of the monomer to initiator. The number-average molecular weight M?_n increased linearly with conversion, indicating the living nature of the propagating chain end. ¹H NMR and end-group analyses results are consistent with the proposal that the polymer possesses a star-shaped structure.     

Cross-Protection in Mice After Immunization with H2N2, H3N2, and Heq2Neq2 Influenza Virus Strains

Mice were vaccinated with the influenza viruses A/Japan/57 (H2N2), A/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2), and A/Equi/Miami/63 (Heq2Neq2) and the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase recombinants derived from these viruses. After infection with the parent viruses, protection was compared with serological findings. It was found that influenza vaccine protects not only against infection with a strain identical or closely related to the vaccine strain, but against heterologous strains as well. Vaccination with Hong Kong/68 and its neuraminidase recombinant resulted in a heterologous neuraminidase inhibition titer against Japan/57 and in a protection against infection with Japan/57. By contrast, after vaccination with Japan/57 and its neuraminidase recombinant, no relevant heterologous neuraminidase inhibition titer against Hong Kong/68 was observed, whereas a protection against infection with Hong Kong/68 did exist. A cross-protection between Hong Kong/68 and Miami/63, but no relationship in the hemagglutination or neuraminidase inhibition tests, was established in the preinfection sera. A one-way antigenic relationship between these viruses was confirmed by the rise of hemagglutinin or neuraminidase antibodies against Hong Kong/68 in the postinfection sera. No cross-protection or serological relationship existed between Miami/63 and Japan/57. Besides the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, a third factor, the “mouse-protecting antigen,” was considered to contribute to the protection obtained. According to the protection observed, the mouse-protecting antigen of Hong Kong/68 virus is related to that of Japan/57 as well as Miami/63 virus. The mouse-protecting antigens of both Japan/57 and Miami/63 are related to that of Hong Kong/68.     

Polypropylene Made with In‐Situ Supported Me2Si(Ind)2ZrCl2 and Me2Si(2‐Me‐Ind)2ZrCl2 Catalysts: Properties Comparison

Summary: Propylene homopolymerizations were carried out using Me₂Si(Ind)₂ZrCl₂ and Me₂Si(2‐Me‐Ind)₂ZrCl₂, MAO‐modified silica, and common alkylaluminum cocatalysts. Supported catalysts were prepared by the in‐situ immobilization technique. The effect of the type and concentration of alkylaluminum on propylene polymerization was evaluated using TEA (triethylaluminum), IPRA (isoprenylaluminum), and TIBA (triisobutylaluminum) as cocatalysts. The polymers were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The effect of the type and concentration of alkylaluminum on the melting temperature and the molar mass of the polypropylene was the same for both catalysts. The polymers made with in‐situ supported catalyst had lower melting points and, in almost all polymerization conditions, higher molar masses than those produced by homogeneous polymerization. Polypropylene samples made with Me₂Si(2‐Me‐Ind)₂ZrCl₂ had higher melting temperatures and molar masses than those made with Me₂Si(Ind)₂ZrCl₂. SEM micrographs showed that the polymers obtained with in‐situ supported systems had a well‐defined morphology, confirming that the polymerization indeed took place onto the silica support.

SEM micrographs of polypropylene particles obtained with Me₂Si(2‐Me‐Ind)₂ZrCl₂ in the presence of IPRA.     

H2O2 enhances Ca2+ release from osteoblast internal stores

The physiological activity of osteoblasts is known to be closely related to increased intracellular Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i) in osteoblasts. The cellular regulation of [Ca2+]i in osteoblasts is mediated by Ca2+ movements associated with Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores, and transmembrane Ca2+ influx via Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, and Ca2+ ATPase. Reactive oxygen species, such as H2O2, play an important role in the regulation of cellular functions, and act as signaling molecules or toxins in cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of H2O2 on cellular Ca2+ regulation in osteoblasts by measuring intracellular Ca2+ activities using cellular calcium imaging techniques. Osteoblasts were isolated from the femurs and tibias of neonatal rats, and cultured for 7 days. The cultured osteoblasts were loaded with a Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dye, Fura-2, and fluorescence images were monitored using a cooled CCD camera, and subsequently analyzed using image analyzing software. The results obtained are as follows: (1) The osteoblasts with lower basal Ca2+ activities yielded a transient Ca2+ increase, a Ca2+ spike, while osteoblasts with higher basal Ca2+ activities showed a continuous increase in [Ca2+]i leading to cell death. (2) Ca2+ spikes, generated after removing Na+ from superfusing solutions, were blocked by H2O2 and this was followed by a sustained increase in Ca2+ activity. (3) ATP- induced Ca2+ spikes were inhibited by pretreating with H2O2 and this was followed by a continuous increase of [Ca2+]i. When cells were pretreated with the exogenous nitric oxide (NO) donor S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicilance (SNAP, 50 microM), treatments of ATP (1 mM) induced a Ca2+ spike-like increase, but [Ca2+]i did not return to the basal level. (4) The expression of inositol- 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) was enhanced by H2O2. Our results suggest that H2O2 modulates intracellular Ca2+ activity in osteoblasts by increasing Ca2+ release from the intracellular Ca2+ stores.