Management of retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features of eyes with retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification surgery and to assess the guidelines of management and the visual outcome after vitrectomy. METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive patients referred to our institute for retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification cataract surgery were evaluated retrospectively over a 7-year period. RESULTS: The clinical features of retained lens fragments included deceased visual acuity of 6/60 or worse (68%), uveitis (60%), glaucoma (48%), corneal edema (44%) and retinal detachment in 2 patients (8%). There were 24 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy; 1 patient was managed with medical therapy. After vitrectomy, 17 eyes (71%) showed visual improvement, and final visual acuity was 6/12 or better in 13 eyes (54%). The causes of poor final visual outcome of 6/60 or worse included retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema. The time interval between vitrectomy and phacoemulsification was within 4 weeks in 17 patients (71%), ranging from on the same day to 97 days. There was only a trend of better visual outcome in early vitrectomy patients (within 1 week). There was no statistical difference between the initial intraocular lens status and final visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Vitectomy with removal of retained intravitreal lens fragments is beneficial for patients with persistent uveitis and glaucoma after phacoemulsification. In the majority of patients, visual improvement was achieved after vitrectomy. However, poor visual outcome may occur secondary to retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema.     

Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation during diabetic pars plana vitrectomy

Combined cataract removal, posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy were performed in 15 diabetic patients who presented with coexisting cataract and vitreoretinal complications from proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Posterior chamber IOLs were placed anterior to the anterior lens capsule after pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy in nine eyes, whereas extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with PC IOL placement was performed before vitrectomy in six eyes. Panretinal laser endophotocoagulation was applied in 13 of the 15 eyes as an important part of the operative procedure. Because of inactive diabetic retinopathy or satisfactory preoperative panretinal photocoagulation, 2 of the 15 eyes did not receive laser endophotocoagulation. Visual acuity was improved in 12 eyes and was similar to preoperative vision in 3 eyes. After a minimum of 6 months and a maximum of 28 months of follow-up, the visual results are the following: 20/40 or better (4 eyes), 20/50 to 20/200 (5 eyes), 20/400 to 5/200 (5 eyes), and hand motions (1 eye). Although 5 of the 15 eyes required secondary vitreoretinal procedures, neovascular glaucoma and complications attributable to the IOL did not occur. A recurrent postoperative retinal detachment (RD) developed with subsequent hypotony and rubeosis iridis in 1 of the 15 eyes.     

Combined cataract surgery and vitrectomy for recurrent retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To report our experience with combined cataract surgery, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy in the management of recurrent retinal detachment (RD) and visually significant cataract. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of patients with cataract and recurrent RD who underwent combined cataract extraction, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy between January 1991 and September 1998 at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Sixteen eyes were included. All eyes had visually significant cataract and had undergone primary repair of the RD with encircling scleral buckle; eight eyes also had undergone pars plana vitrectomy during the primary repair. The technique of cataract extraction included phacoemulsification (10 eyes), extracapsular cataract extraction (5 eyes), and pars plana lensectomy (1 eye). All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy, membrane peeling, fluid-air exchange, endolaser treatment, and placement of a retinal tamponade. Perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas was used in 14 eyes, and silicone oil was placed in two eyes. RESULTS: The postoperative follow-up interval ranged from 4 to 64 months (mean, 16 months). Preoperative visual acuity ranged from 20/60 to hand motions and was better than 20/200 in 3 (19%) eyes. Postoperatively, 9 (56%) eyes improved to better than 20/200. Anatomic success was achieved after the initial reoperation in 13 (81 %) eyes. With further surgery, the overall success rate was 94%. CONCLUSIONS: Combined cataract surgery, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy in selected patients with cataract and recurrent RD was successful in improving visual acuity and achieving retinal reattachment in most of these reoperated patients.     

Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of retained intravitreal lens fragments after cataract surgery

Purpose: To assess the outcome of patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for retained lens fragments after cataract surgery. Methods: A retrospective study of all consecutive cases with pars plana vitrectomy performed for retained lens fragment was conducted. Twenty‐seven eyes of 27 patients were included in the study. Results: Twenty‐four (89.9%) eyes received phacoemulsification. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed at the same sitting, or ranged from day 1?70 after cataract surgery. The mean follow up was 31.1 months. Final visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in 15 (55.6%) patients. After excluding patients with pre‐existing eye diseases, 68.4% of patients had visual acuity 6/12 or better. Complications after pars plana vitrectomy included glaucoma (22.2%), retinal detachment (11.1%) and surgically induced necrotizing scleritis (3.7%). Conclusion: Ocular complications with poor visual outcome can occur after removal of intravitreal retained lens fragments complicating cataract surgery.     

Combined surgery, phacoemulsification, implantation of intraocular lens and pars plana vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness, technical feasibility and incidence of complications after combining pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of combined vitreoretinal and cataract surgery in 100 eyes of 96 patients were retrospectively and prospectively analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 8.4 months. All patients had clinically significant lens opacities and vitreoretinal pathology requiring pars plana vitrectomy. Indications for vitreoretinal surgery included: persistent vitreous haemorrhage (28 eyes), vitreous hemorrhage combined with tractional retinal detachment (50 eyes), tractional retinal detachment without vitreous haemorrhage caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (7 eyes), rheumatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (10 eyes) and dislocated crystalline lens in the vitreous (5 eyes). RESULTS: Postoperatively, best corrected visual acuity improved in 81 eyes (81%)- by two lines or more in 31 eyes (31%) - by less than two lines in 50 eyes (50%). In 14 eyes (14%) visual acuity was unchanged and was worse in 5 cases (5%). Postoperative complications included fibrin reaction, posterior synechias of the iris, vitreous hemorrhage, neovascular glaucoma, posterior capsule opacification, redetachment of retina. CONCLUSIONS: Our cases confirm previous study, that performing phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and vitrectomy in one operation is safe and allows visual recovery with good technical results.     

Vitrectomy for posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies: visual results and prognostic factors

PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual results and determine the prognostic factors after the removal of retained posterior segment intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) by pars plana vitrectomy. METHODS: A retrospective study of 40 consecutive cases of pars plana vitrectomy for the removal of IOFBs during the period of January 1991 to June 2000 was conducted. Association between visual outcome and various preoperative, operative, and postoperative variables was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 40 cases available for the study, the IOFBs could be removed in 36 eyes. Half the patients had removal of the IOFB within 14 days of the injury. Nineteen patients (47.5%) achieved a visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Postoperative retinal detachment occurred in 13 patients (32.5%). Poor visual outcome was found to be significantly associated with poor initial visual acuity and postoperative retinal detachment, whereas good visual outcome was significantly associated with the absence of lens injury and absence of postoperative retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: Acceptable visual results could be achieved after the removal of posterior segment IOFBs by vitrectomy, despite a delay in surgery. Postoperative retinal detachment, poor initial visual acuity, and the absence of lens injury were the factors that played a significant role in determining the visual outcome.     

改良四通路玻璃体切割在人工晶状体后脱位治疗中的应用

目的:报道改良四通路玻璃体切割术治疗1例后房型人工晶状体后脱位.方法:一位青年性白内障患者,双眼白内障术后均发生人工晶状体后脱位,其1眼应用改良四通路玻璃体切割技术将人工晶状体复位,另1眼应患者的要求而未行手术治疗.结果:术中和术后未发生任何并发症,患者术眼视力迅速回复,术后14 mo最佳矫正视力为0.5;而未行手术治疗的另1眼发生全视网膜脱离,仅残余手动视力.结论:改良四通路玻璃体切割术是治疗人工晶状体后脱位的一个好选择.     

Primary intraocular lens implantation during pars plana vitrectomy and intraretinal foreign body removal.

PURPOSE: To evaluate visual and surgical outcomes as well as complication rates after cataract extraction and primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation during pars plana vitrectomy for removal of foreign bodies embedded or impacting in the retina. METHODS: Six consecutive cases of simultaneous cataract extraction and IOL implantation combined with vitreous surgery and intraocular foreign body extraction were retrospectively analyzed. In five cases, the foreign body was intraretinal; in one case, it was preretinal with retinal impact site. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 45 months (mean 21.3 months). RESULTS: Visual acuity improved by two or more lines in five of six eyes. In five eyes, best-corrected postoperative visual acuity was better than 20/40. One eye was successfully reoperated for retinal detachment that developed 2 months postoperatively. In four eyes, the IOL was implanted into the capsular bag; in two cases, the IOL was placed in the ciliary sulcus. No postoperative complication was attributed to IOL implantation. CONCLUSION: Primary IOL implantation after combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery is a safe and attractive option, reducing the need for two separate operations in selected patients with penetrating ocular injury and retained intraocular foreign bodies. The main advantage is more rapid visual rehabilitation with a single operation, reducing costs and patient discomfort.     

Clinical outcomes of pars plana capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy in pediatric cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: The management of the posterior capsule in pediatric cataract surgery remains challenging. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role and clinical outcomes of primary pars plana capsulotomy and pars plana anterior vitrectomy during pediatric cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: Consecutive cases of pars plana capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy during pediatric cataract surgery were retrospectively reviewed. The surgical technique was the same in all patients and involved pars plana capsulotomy with anterior vitrectomy after the IOL was implanted in the capsular bag. RESULTS: Seventy-six pediatric cataract cases in 61 patients performed from 1994 through 1999 used the pars plana posterior capsulotomy technique and were included in this analysis. A posterior chamber IOL was implanted in all cases. There were no intraoperative complications associated with the surgery. Median age at the time of surgery was 21 months. All patients had at least 1 year of follow-up and mean follow-up was 29.4 months. Among patients old enough to read Snellen's letters (53 eyes), final best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 32 eyes (60%) and 20/50 to 20/200 in 21 eyes (40%). Poor final visual acuity was associated with deprivation amblyopia or optic nerve dysplasia or hypoplasia. There were no postoperative retinal complications or cases of IOL dislocation during the follow-up period. Seven eyes (9.2%) of five patients with a median age of 2.5 months developed reopacification of the visual axis at a mean of 4.1 months postoperatively. This event occurred in 6 of 28 eyes with an age of 6 months or less (21.4%), versus only 1 of 48 eyes with an age greater than 6 months (2.0%) (P =.006, Fisher exact test). The visual axis was restored by pars plana membranectomy in 6 eyes and 1 eye of one patient underwent neodymium:YAG laser membrane discission. CONCLUSIONS: Pars plana capsulotomy with pars plana anterior vitrectomy is a safe, effective method of managing the posterior capsule in pediatric cataract surgery with IOL implantation. Visual axis reopacification is associated with a very young age at the time of surgery. Continued follow-up of these patients is important to assess the long-term outcomes of this surgical approach.     

Posterior chamber lens implantation concurrent with vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Combined operation of cataract removal with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and pars plana vitrectomy were performed on 25 eyes in 22 patients with cataract concurrent with diabetic retinopathy. In 21 eyes, extracapsular cataract extraction followed by intraocular lens insertion, aiming at in-the-bag fixation, was performed, and in 4 eyes pars plana lensectomy with anterior capsule left and intraocular lens insertion between the iris and anterior capsule was carried out. Mean postoperative follow-up period was 14 months, ranging from 3 to 32 months. Visual acuity on the last examination was 0.5 or better in 2 eyes (8%), 0.1 or better in 12 eyes (48%), and worse than 0.05 in 9 eyes (36%). Major postoperative complications were fibrin reaction (20 eyes, 80%), pupillary deformation (19 eyes, 76%), pupil capture by intraocular lens (3 eyes, 12%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (1 eye, 4%), neovascular glaucoma (2 eyes, 8%), and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (13 eyes, 52%). Intraocular pressure was well controlled in neovascular glaucoma cases. At the last examination ocular fundus was invisible due to vitreous hemorrhage in two eyes.     

玻璃体手术联合人工晶体植入治疗经选择的复杂眼外伤103例

目的：观察累及眼球前后节的复杂外伤患者施行玻璃体手术联合人工晶体植入的视力效果。方法：对１０３例（１０４只眼）复杂眼外伤经一次玻璃体手术联合人工晶体植入的病例进行回顾性研究。结果：本组眼内异物３５例,眼球穿通伤３７例,无眼内异物的爆炸伤９例（１０只眼）,眼球钝挫伤２２例。除３例儿童视力不能检查外,在１００例１０１只眼中,手术前视力为无光感～指数的８８只眼（８７．１％）;手术后９４只眼（９３．１％）     

Early vitrectomy for progressive diabetic proliferations covering the macula.

The clinical course in 50 eyes was analysed after pars plana vitrectomy for progressive diabetic fibrovascular proliferations. Patients were assigned to pars plana vitrectomy if progression of proliferations occurred despite a photocoagulation treatment with a mean number of 3500 burns and additional peripheral cryoablation. All cases had visual impairment because of fibrovascular tissue covering the macula without detachment of the macula. Flat proliferations were present in all eyes without retinal elevation, vitreous detachment, or vitreous haemorrhage. The follow up intervals ranged from 13 months to 39 months (mean interval 24 months). Twelve months postoperatively, 36 eyes (72%) showed improved visual acuity, five eyes (10%) were worse, and nine eyes (18%) were unchanged. Thirty two eyes (64%) achieved a final visual acuity of 0.2 or better, and 45 eyes (90%) gained 0.05 or better. In only two eyes could reproliferation be observed. The postoperative course indicates that pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic fibrovascular proliferations covering the macula can preserve socially useful visual acuity of at least 0.05 in most cases.     

玻璃体手术治疗自发性玻璃体积血

目的观察玻璃体手术治疗非糖尿病性自发玻璃体积血的疗效及其与手术时机的关系。方法45例(46眼)非糖尿病性自发玻璃体积血行标准三通道闭合式玻璃体切除并联合眼内激光光凝等手术,并对不同时机手术的患者术后视力及并发症进行分析。结果1月以内手术者术后视力均提高。1月以上手术者14眼中术后视力提高者2眼,不变8眼,下降3眼。手术并发症主要为术中出血和医源孔及术后高眼压。术中医源孔和术后视网膜脱离均为1月以上手术者。结论玻璃体手术治疗非糖尿病性自发玻璃体浓密积血者疗效佳,并发症少。考虑玻璃体积血为视网膜裂孔所致者应及时手术。     

人工晶状体眼后发性白内障的手术

目的探讨巩膜隧道切口插管灌注经睫状体平坦部后囊切开术治疗人工晶状体眼后发性白内障的效果。方法32例(34眼)人工晶状体植入术后后发性白内障行巩膜隧道切口插管灌注经睫状体平坦部后囊切开术。平均随访18个月。结果全部术眼晶状体后囊中央均形成直径3.5~4mm的圆形透明区,后发性白内障切开术的成功率为100%;术中前房稳定,人工晶状体无损伤。术后能配合视力检查的患者最佳矫正视力均恢复至后发性白内障发生前的最佳水平;随访期间无切口渗漏、角膜水肿、瞳孔区玻璃体疝、人工晶状体损伤、视网膜脱离、高眼压或晶状体后囊膜切开区再次浑浊等并发症。结论巩膜隧道切口插管灌注经睫状体平坦部后囊切除术治疗人工晶状体植入术后的后发性白内障安全、有效。     

Long-term results of vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

In order to study long-term anatomical and functional results the authors evaluated the data from 260 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Indications for surgery were: vitreous hemorrhage, 68 eyes (26.2%); vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment, 84 eyes (32.3%); tractional retinal detachment, 82 eyes (31.5%); and combined tractional-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 26 eyes (10%). In 118 eyes vitreoretinal surgery was combined with silicone-oil tamponade.The retina was completely attached posterior to a scleral buckle in 251 eyes (96%) at the time of the last examination. After a follow-up period of at least 12 months in a group of patients with vitreous hemorrhage, visual acuity improved in 88% of the eyes. Visual acuity was better than 0.5 in 31% of eyes. In group of eyes with nonresorbing vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment visual acuity improved in 52% of eyes. Visual acuity improved in 76% of eyes with tractional retinal detachment and in 81% of eyes with combined tractional & rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. When comparing the latest postoperative visual acuity to visual acuity after three months postoperatively, visual acuity was unchanged in 88%, in 10% it became worse and in 3 cases (1%) became better. In the postoperative period, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 33 (13%) eyes, reproliferation in 12 eyes.Cataract developed in 45 of 168 phakic eyes. If postoperative visual acuity before cataract formation was good, extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed. Otherwise simple intra or extracapsular cataract extraction was performed. In 19 cases cataract operation was performed together with silicone oil extraction. Neovascular glaucoma developed postoperatively in 15 eyes (6%). Retinal detachment occurred postoperatively in 21 eyes (8%). In 15 eyes the retina was successfully reattached after additional operations.     

Management of posteriorly dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses by vitrectomy and pars plana removal

PURPOSE: To report a large series of eyes in which there was a posterior dislocation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL). During vitrectomy, the dislocated intraocular lens (IOL) was removed through an enlarged pars plana sclerotomy. An anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL) was implanted primarily or secondarily. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 59 eyes of 58 patients with posterior dislocation of a PCIOL. RESULTS: Fifty-four eyes (92%) had improved visual acuity after surgery. Sixty-six percent (39 of 59) of eyes achieved at least 20/40 vision; 25% (15 of 59) of eyes achieved a visual acuity of 20/50 to 20/200; and 8% (5 of 59) of eyes achieved less than 20/200 vision. In 32 (54%) eyes, PCIOL removal was combined with primary implantation of an ACIOL. In 27 (46%) eyes, the PCIOL was removed and the referring ophthalmologist placed a secondary ACIOL. Intraoperative complications consisted of limited suprachoroidal hemorrhage in 2 (3%) eyes. Postoperative complications consisted of retinal detachment in 5 (8%) eyes, cystoid macular edema in 13 (22%) eyes, and vitreous hemorrhage in 3 (5%) eyes. CONCLUSION: Posterior dislocation of a PCIOL may be managed safely by removal of the dislocated PCIOL through the pars plana.     

Combined phacoemulsification, vitrectomy, foreign-body extraction, and intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To assess the outcome of simultaneous phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular foreign-body extraction, and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: SSK Ankara Eye Hospital, Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. METHODS: Seventeen patients with corneal perforation, intraocular foreign body, vitreous hemorrhage, and lens opacity had simultaneous clear corneal phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular foreign-body extraction, and IOL implantation. RESULTS: Postoperative complications included massive retinal fibrosis in 2 patients, retinal detachment in 1, and cilioretinal artery occlusion in 1. At a mean follow-up of 15.2 months, best corrected visual acuity improved in the remaining 13 eyes (76%). The IOL was stable in all cases. CONCLUSION: Combined phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and vitreoretinal surgery was safe in selected cases of penetrating ocular trauma resulting from an intraocular foreign body.     

玻璃体切割手术治疗葡萄膜炎并发牵拉性视网膜脱离

目的探讨玻璃体切割手术治疗葡萄膜炎并发牵拉性视网膜脱离(TRD)的视力预后、手术时机及其围手术期治疗方法。方法回顾分析我科葡萄膜炎专科门诊确诊为全葡萄膜炎并发TRD的13例患者15只玻璃体切割手术治疗眼的临床资料。患者男性6例，女性7例。年龄19.0～70.0岁，平均年龄42.8岁。葡萄膜炎病史3～15年，平均病史7年。15只眼中，视力为眼前数指者7只眼，0.01~0.1者7只眼，0.2者1只眼。均有玻璃体混浊，间接检眼镜和B型超声检查均存在增生性玻璃体视网膜病变和TRD。13例患者均口服泼尼松，其中3例同时口服硫唑嘌呤。眼部滴用1%百力特、1%阿托品和复方托品酰胺眼液。15只眼葡萄膜炎炎症控制静止时间0.5~4.5个月，平均时间2.0个月。炎症静止后采用经睫状体平坦部的玻璃体切割、剥膜、眼内激光光凝、惰性气体（C₃F₈）或硅油填充等联合手术，其中7只眼同时行晶状体切除手术。手术前给予患者顿服糖皮质激素，手术后全身、眼部继续应用糖皮质激素治疗，3例同时口服硫唑嘌呤。手术后随诊3～146个月，平均随访时间26个月。结果手术后15只眼均无葡萄膜炎复发，眼前节无炎症反应，玻璃体炎症消失。13只眼视网膜复位良好，视力提高，占86.7％。其中，2只眼视力提高显著，分别由0.2提高至0.8，0.03提高至0.6。1只眼视力无改变，占6.7％；1只眼视力由手动下降至光感，占6.7％。随诊中，4只眼出现并发性白内障，均行白内障摘除人工晶状体植入手术。手术后视力均有明显提高。1只眼虹膜出现新生血管而发生前房积血。另外1只眼视网膜表面再次出现机化膜及局限性TRD。结论采用玻璃体切割手术治疗葡萄膜炎并发TRD可以获得较满意疗效。手术适应证及手术时机选择是保证手术成功的关键，围手术期全身及眼部合理应用糖皮质激素是保证手术成功的重要措施。（中华眼底病杂志，2007，23：108-111）     

Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis after intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To report the results of vitrectomy and intraocular lens (IOL) removal for the treatment of endophthalmitis after IOL implantation. METHODS: We reviewed 14 eyes of 14 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy because of postoperative endophthalmitis. Culture results, surgical methods, and visual outcome are presented. RESULTS: The cultures grew Enterococcus faecalis (n = 3), Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 2), Propionibacterium acnes (n = 1), and gram-negative bacillus (n = 3). The eyes infected with E. faecalis had poor visual outcome. Eleven eyes treated by the combination of pars plana vitrectomy and IOL removal did not have a recurrence. The remaining 3 eyes on which only vitrectomy was performed had a recurrence, and the additional procedures consisting of vitrectomy and IOL removal could result in eradicating endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS: A higher rate of E. faecalis was detected and these eyes had severe inflammation and poor visual outcome. Combined vitrectomy and IOL removal may be a more certain method to prevent recurrence.     

Vitrectomy in the management of intraocular foreign bodies and their complications.

Twenty-six eyes with intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) and/or their sequelae were treated by pars plana vitrectomy and associated surgery. One-step removal of the IOFB in combination with pars plana vitrectomy resulted in early visual rehabilitation and minimal complications. Of 11 eyes with IOFB treated by primary vitrectomy at the time of IOFB removal 20/50 or better visual acuity was obtained in 10 (91%). Four of these eyes had retinal injury, 3 of which were successfully repaired without subsequent complication and with retention of good visual function. In 3 eyes IOFBs were not removed owing to chronic retinal encapsulation. These eyes continue to retain good visual acuity, and ERG studies show no evidence of retinal toxicity. Of 12 eyes in which vitrectomy was performed for sequelae of IOFB only 5 (41%) showed visual improvement better than 20/50. Only in 2 of 7 eyes with tractional retinal detachment could the retina be reattached. In cases of retinal injury primary vitrectomy, cryocoagulation, and scleral buckling are suggested for prevention of late traction retinal detachment.