Velocity encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess left atrial appendage emptying

Background

The presence of impaired left atrial appendage (LAA) function identifies patients who are prone to thrombus formation in the LAA and therefore being at high risk for subsequent cardioembolic stroke. LAA function is typically assessed by measurements of LAA emptying velocities using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in clinical routine. This study aimed at evaluating the feasibility of assessing LAA emptying by velocity encoded (VENC) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods

This study included 30 patients with sinus rhythm (n = 18) or atrial fibrillation (n = 12). VENC-CMR velocity measurements were performed perpendicular to the orifice of the LAA. Peak velocities were measured of passive diastolic LAA emptying (e-wave) in all patients. Peak velocities of active, late-diastolic LAA emptying (a-wave) were assessed in patients with sinus rhythm. Correlation and agreement was analyzed between VENC-CMR and TEE measurements of e- and a-wave peak velocities.

Results

A significant correlation and good agreement was found between VENC-CMR and TEE measurements of maximal e-wave velocities (r = 0.61, P < 0.001; mean difference 0 ± 10 cm/s). The a-wave was detectable by VENC-CMR in all patients with sinus rhythm. Correlation was also significant for measurements of peak a-wave velocities between VENC-CMR and TEE (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation of LAA emptying velocities with clinical characteristics and only a modest negative correlation of passive LAA emptying with LA function.

Conclusions

The assessment of active and passive LAA emptying by VENC-CMR is feasible. Further evaluation is required of potential future clinical applications such as risk stratification for cardioembolic stroke.     

Left atrial structure and functional quantitation using cardiovascular magnetic resonance and multimodality tissue tracking: validation and reproducibility assessment

Background

Left atrium (LA) strain, volume and function are important markers of cardiovascular disease and myocardial impairment. We aimed to assess the accuracy of LA biplane volume and function measured by Multimodality Tissue Tracking (MTT). Also we assessed the inter-study reproducibility for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived LA volume and function parameters.

Methods

Thirty subjects (mean age: 71.3 ± 8.7, 87 % male) including twenty subjects with cardiovascular events and ten healthy subjects, with CMR were evaluated in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). LA volumes were computed by the modified biplane method from 2- and 4-chamber projections and the Simpson’s method from short-axis slices using both methods - manual and semi-automated delineation using MTT. LA total, active and passive ejection fractions were calculated. Pearson’s correlation and Bland-Altman analysis were used to compare the measurements. In a second sample of 25 subjects (age: 65.7 ± 7.1, 72 % males) inter study, intra and inter reader reliability analysis was performed. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was evaluated.

Results

Left atrial MTT structural and functional parameters were not different from manual delineation, yet image analysis was only half as time consuming on average with MTT. Maximal volume MTT was not different between the Simpson’s and Biplane methods, functional parameters, however were different. MTT allowed us to measure multiple LA parameters with good-excellent (ICC; 0.88– 0.98, p < 0.001) intra-and inter reader reproducibility and fair-good (ICC; 0.44–0.82, p < 0.05–0.001) inter study reproducibility.

Conclusions

MTT derived LA biplane volume and function is accurate and reproducible and is suited for use in longitudinal studies.     

Left ventricular global function index assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance for the prediction of cardiovascular events in ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Background

The left ventricular performance index (LVGFI) as a comprehensive marker of cardiac performance integrates LV structure with global function within one index. In a prospective cohort study of healthy individuals the LVGFI demonstrated a superior prognostic value as compared to LV ejection fraction (LVEF). In patients after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), however, the role of the LVGFI is unknown. Aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the LVGFI and infarct characteristics as well as prognosis in a large multicenter STEMI population.

Methods

In total 795 STEMI patients reperfused by primary angioplasty (<12 h after symptom onset) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at 8 centers. CMR was completed within one week after infarction using a standardized protocol including LV dimensions, mass and function for calculation of the LVGFI. The primary clinical endpoint of the study was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Results

The median LVGFI was 31.2 % (interquartile range 25.7 to 36.6). Patients with LVGFI < median had significantly larger infarcts, less myocardial salvage, a larger extent of microvascular obstruction, higher incidence of intramyocardial hemorrhage and more pronounced LV dysfunction (p < 0.001 for all). MACE and mortality rates were significantly higher in the LVGFI < median group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). The LVGFI had an incremental prognostic value in addition to LVEF for prediction of all-cause mortality.

Conclusions

The LVGFI strongly correlates with markers of severe myocardial and microvascular damage in patients with STEMI, offering prognostic information beyond traditional cardiac risk factors including the LVEF.

Trials registration

ClinicalTrials.gov: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT00712101","term_id":"NCT00712101"}}NCT00712101     

基于机器学习的三维超声心动图全自动测量左心室容积与功能的可行性研究

目的以心脏磁共振（CMR）为金标准,探讨基于机器学习的三维超声心动图（ML-3DE）全自动测量左心室容积和射血分数的准确性及影响因素分析。 方法连续前瞻性地纳入2021年1月至2月于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院行CMR的患者58例,在CMR检查后的24 h内采集三维超声心动图图像,采用ML-3DE全自动测量左心室容积与功能参数,包括左心室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左心室舒张末期容积指数（LVEDVi）、左心室收缩末期容积（LVESV）、左心室收缩末期容积指数（LVESVi）、每搏输出量（SV）及左心室射血分数（LVEF）。对ML-3DE的测值与CMR的测值进行相关性和一致性分析,单因素分析及逐步多元线性回归分析探讨左心室结构与功能的异常特征（非对称性左心室肥厚、LVEF减低、左心室扩大、节段性室壁运动异常）对ML-3DE与CMR测值差异（ΔLVEDV、ΔLVESV）的影响。 结果53例（91%）患者完成了ML-3DE对左心室容积与功能的定量分析。ML-3DE测量的左心室各参数指标组内相关系数（ICC）值均＞0.85。左心室各参数测值的ML-3DE与CMR测量值均具有中等以上相关性（LVEDV、LVEDVi、LVESV、LVESVi的相关性系数r=0.94、0.91、0.95、0.93;而LVEF、SV的相关性系数r=0.65、0.61;P均＜0.01）。Bland-Altman法表明2种方法测值一致性较高（90%数据位于Bland-Altman95%一致性区间内）,但ML-3DE测量的左心室容积参数（LVEDV和LVESV）呈不同程度的低估,与CMR测值比较,差异有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。逐步多元线性回归分析发现,LVEF减低、左心室扩大、非对称性左心室肥厚是ML-3DE与CMR测量LVEDV差异的独立影响因素;非对称性左心室肥厚、节段性室壁运动异常是ML-3DE与CMR测量LVESV差异的独立影响因素。 结论ML-3DE实现了左心室容积与功能参数的全自动定量分析,与CMR金标准具有较好的相关性和一致性;LVEF减低、左心室扩大、非对称性左心室肥厚、节段性室壁运动异常是ML-3DE与CMR左心室容积测量差异的独立影响因素。     

Elusive left ventricular thrombus: Diagnostic role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-A case report and review of the literature

Identification of left ventricular mural thrombus (LVT) may be challenging depending on the imaging modality used. We present a case of LVT which was incidentally identified on cine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). A sixty-four years old female presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion with troponin elevation. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a dilated left ventricle (LV) and ejection fraction (EF 30%) with thinning and akinesis of inferior/inferolateral wall was noted with basal and mid inferior wall aneurysm, and thrombus was not identified. CMR done to ascertain viability of myocardium revealed a mural thrombus within basal inferior aneurysm. This was not visualized on transthoracic echocardiography with and without use of contrast. She underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement, resection and plication of posterior left ventricular aneurysm with removal of mural thrombus, and was started on anticoagulation with warfarin post-operatively for the apical thrombi. Cardiac magnetic resonance is a well suited imaging modality in detecting LVT due to its high resolution images and is more reproducible than TTE. In our patient, conventional TTE despite administration of echo-contrast agents failed to diagnose the presence of LVT in the basal inferior aneurysm as well as the apical thrombi. Delayed-enhancement CMR provides the greatest sensitivity for detection of left ventricular thrombus, superior to standard transthoracic and contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography.     

Comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance characteristics and clinical consequences in children and adolescents with isolated left ventricular non-compaction with and without late gadolinium enhancement

Background

Although cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is showing increasingly diagnostic potential in left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), relatively little research relevant to CMR is conducted in children with LVNC. This study was performed to characterize and compare CMR features and clinical outcomes in children with LVNC with and without late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).

Methods

A cohort of 40 consecutive children (age, 13.7 ± 3.3 years; 29 boys and 11 girls) with isolated LVNC underwent a baseline CMR scan with subsequent clinical follow-up. Short-axis cine images were used to calculate left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), myocardial mass, ratio of non-compacted-to-compacted myocardial thickness (NC/C ratio), and number of non-compacted segments. The LGE images were analyzed to assess visually presence and patterns of LGE. The primary end point was a composite of cardiac death and heart transplantation.

Results

The LGE was present in 10 (25 %) children, and 46 (27 %) segments were involved, including 23 non-compacted segments and 23 normal segments. Compared with LGE- cohort, LGE+ cohort had significantly lower LVEF (23.8 ± 10.7 % vs. 42.9 ± 16.7 %, p < 0.001) and greater LVEDV (169.2 ± 65.1 vs. 118.2 ± 48.9 mL/m², p = 0.010), LVESV (131.3 ± 55.5 vs. 73.3 ± 46.7 mL/m², p = 0.002), and sphericity indices (0.75 ± 0.19 vs. 0.60 ± 0.20, p = 0.045). There were no differences in terms of number and distribution of non-compacted segments, NC/C ratio, and myocardial mass index between LGE+ and LGE- cohort. In the LGE+ cohort, adverse events occurred in 6 patients compared to 2 events in the LGE- cohort. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference in outcome between LGE+ and LGE- cohort for cardiac death and heart transplantation (p = 0.011).

Conclusions

The LGE was present in up to one-fourth of children with LVNC, and the LGE+ children exhibited a more maladaptive LV remodeling and a higher incidence of cardiovascular death and heart transplantation.     

An integrated approach to determine left atrial volume, mass and function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by two-dimensional echocardiography

Methods

The study included 25 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients (15 non-obstructive and 10 obstructive) and 25 controls for assessment of left atrial (LA) volume, mass and function by two-dimensional echocardiography. Measurement included mean LA diameter (LAD), LA mass = {(mean LAD + anterior LA wall + posterior LA wall)³ ? mean LAD³} × 0.8 + 0.6, LA volume = [(8/3 π L · A1 · A2), where L is LA length, A1 and A2 are LA area in 4-chambers and 2-chambers, respectively] including maximum (V _max), minimum (V _min), and pre-atrial contraction (V _pre-A), total atrial stroke volume (TA-SV), TA emptying fraction (TA-EF), active atrial SV (AA-SV), AA-EF, passive atrial SV (PA-SV), PA-EF, atrial expansion index (AEI), and LA kinetic energy (LA-KE) = ½ × AA-SV × P × V².

Results

LAD, LA mass, V _max, V _min, and V _pre-A were significantly higher in HCM than controls. TA-SV and TA-EF were comparable in both HCM subgroups and controls. AA-SV and LA-KE were significantly higher in both HCM subgroups than controls. LA-KE was significantly higher in obstructive HCM than non-obstructive (P < 0.001). PA-EF and AEI were significantly lower in obstructive HCM than controls (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

HCM is associated with increased LA size and augmented LA pump function especially obstructive type. LA conduit and reservoir functions are impaired in obstructive HCM.     

A disproportionate contribution of papillary muscles and trabeculations to total left ventricular mass makes choice of cardiovascular magnetic resonance analysis technique critical in Fabry disease

Background

Sphingolipid deposition in Fabry disease causes left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, of which the accurate assessment is essential. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been proposed as the gold standard. However, there is debate in the literature as to whether papillary muscles and trabeculations (P&T) should be included in LV mass (LVM).

Methods/results

We examined the accuracy of 2 CMR methods of assessing LVM and LV volumes, including (M_incP&T) or excluding (M_exP&T) P&T, in a cohort of Fabry disease subjects (n = 20) compared to a matched control group (n = 20). Significant differences between the two measurement methods were observed for LV end-diastolic volume, LV end-systolic volume, LVM, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) in both groups. These differences were significantly greater in the Fabry group compared to controls, except for LVEF. P&T contributed to a greater percentage of LVM in Fabry subjects than controls (20 ± 1% vs 13 ± 2%, p = 0.01). In the control group, both volume-derived methods (M_incP&T or M_exP&T) provided accurate SV measurements compared with the internal reference of velocity-encoded aortic flow. In the Fabry group, inclusion of P&T (M_incP&T) resulted in good concordance with phase contrast flow imaging (difference between flow and volume techniques: 1 ± 3 ml, p = 0.7).

Conclusion

The volumetric contribution of P&T in Fabry disease is markedly increased relative to healthy controls. Failure to account for this results in significant underestimation of LVM and results in misclassification of a proportion of subjects.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

A novel and practical cardiovascular magnetic resonance method to quantify mitral annular excursion and recoil applied to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Background

We have developed a novel and practical cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) technique to evaluate left ventricular (LV) mitral annular motion by tracking the atrioventricular junction (AVJ). To test AVJ motion analysis as a metric for LV function, we compared AVJ motion variables between patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a group with recognized systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and healthy volunteers.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 24 HCM patients with normal ejection fractions (EF) and 14 healthy volunteers. Using the 4-chamber view cine images, we tracked the longitudinal motion of the lateral and septal AVJ at 25 time points during the cardiac cycle. Based on AVJ displacement versus time, we calculated maximum AVJ displacement (MD) and velocity in early diastole (MVED), velocity in diastasis (VDS) and the composite index VDS/MVED.

Results

Patients with HCM showed significantly slower median lateral and septal AVJ recoil velocities during early diastole, but faster velocities in diastasis. We observed a 16-fold difference in VDS/MVED at the lateral AVJ [median 0.141, interquartile range (IQR) 0.073, 0.166 versus 0.009 IQR -0.006, 0.037, P < 0.001]. Patients with HCM also demonstrated significantly less mitral annular excursion at both the septal and lateral AVJ. Performed offline, AVJ motion analysis took approximately 10 minutes per subject.

Conclusions

Atrioventricular junction motion analysis provides a practical and novel CMR method to assess mitral annular motion. In this proof of concept study we found highly statistically significant differences in mitral annular excursion and recoil between HCM patients and healthy volunteers.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.     

左心房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的初步研究

目的 探讨左房追踪技术评价高血压患者左心房功能变化的临床应用价值.方法 31例高血压患者及31例正常人,获取心尖动态两腔观及四腔观图像.应用左房追踪技术获取左房最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、收缩前容积(LAVpre)、收缩期左房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS),舒张早期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左房排空速率峰值(dv/dtA);计算左房被动排空容积(LAVp)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)、左房主动排空容积(LAVa)、左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)、左房总排空容积(LAVt)、左房总排空分数(LAVtEF).所有左房容积指标均经体表面积校正得到左房容积指数(LAVI).结果 高血压患者与正常对照组比较,LAVImax、LAVImin、LAVlpre、LAVpEF、LAVIa、LAVIt、dv/dtS、dv/dtA差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.001);LAVp、LAVaEF、LAVtEF、dv/dtE两组间差异无统计学意义.LAVlmax与LAVIp、LAVIa、LAVIt呈正相关(r=0.588～0.812,P均<0.001);LAVtEF与LAVaEF呈显著正相关(r=0.833,P<0.001),而与LAVpEF相关性较弱(r=0.420,P<0.01);LAVImax与LAVlpre(r=0.908,P<0.001)、LAVlpre与LAVIa(r=0.683,P<0.001)、dv/dtE与LAVIp(r=0.690,P<0.001)、dv/dtA与LAVIa(r=0.600,P<0.001)均呈正相关.结论 高血压患者左房存储器功能及泵功能增加,管道功能减低;左房追踪技术有望成为评价左房功能的新方法.