非小细胞肺癌中KAI1基因表达及其与P53的相关性研究

背景与目的近年研究表明,KAI1表达下调与多种肿瘤的转移有关,但其与非小细胞肺癌的关系研究较少,且导致其下调的机制尚未明确。本研究从mRNA和蛋白水平探讨KAI1基因在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达与患者临床病理特征的关系及其与突变型P53蛋白表达的关系。方法采用RTPCR和Westernblot法,检测48例肺癌患者手术切除的新鲜癌组织标本中KAI1mRNA、KAI1/CD82及突变型P53蛋白的表达,20例肺部良性疾病组织和正常肺组织作为对照。结果肺癌组和对照组中KAI1mRNA的阳性率分别为52%和90%(P<0.01),KAI1/CD82蛋白的阳性率分别为48%和85%(P<0.01),突变型P53蛋白阳性率分别为65%和5%(P<0.01)。KAI1mRNA、KAI1/CD82和突变型P53蛋白阳性率与肺癌患者临床分期、细胞分化程度和淋巴结转移有密切关系(P<0.05或P<0.01)。肺癌组织中KAI1mRNA与KAI1/CD82表达呈密切相关性(P<0.01),KAI1/CD82与突变型P53蛋白的表达亦呈显著相关性(P<0.05),KAI1mRNA与突变型P53表达无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论KAI1基因的低表达可能与非小细胞肺癌的发生、发展和转移有关;其下调的机制可能主要发生在转录水平并与p53基因有关,二者可能作为评估肺癌患者转移潜能的指标。     

KAI1基因表达与大肠癌发生、发展的关系

 目的 探讨KAI1基因的表达与大肠癌(CRC)发生、发展的关系. 方法 采用RT-PCR法及免疫组织化学(EnvisionTM法)检测40例大肠癌组织、8例癌旁黏膜和8例正常黏膜的KAI1 mRNA和蛋白表达. 结果 正常黏膜KAI1 mRNA水平显著低于癌组织(P<0.05),癌旁黏膜略高于正常黏膜,但无显著差异;在大肠癌原发灶中,KAI1蛋白表达阳性25例(62.5%),弱阳性9例(22.5%),阴性6例(15%).KAI1 mRNA及蛋白水平在低分化、伴淋巴结转移肿瘤中表达显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.01;P<0.05,P<0.05). 结论 KAI1的异常表达可能参与了大肠癌的发生、发展,并对肿瘤的分化、淋巴结转移的判断有一定指导意义。     

KAI1及Caveolin-1在胃癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨正常胃黏膜、不典型增生胃黏膜及胃癌组织中KAI1及Caveolin-1蛋白的表达。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测22例正常胃黏膜、65例不典型增生胃黏膜及74例胃癌组织中KAI1蛋白、Caveolin-1蛋白的表达状况。结果正常胃黏膜、不典型增生胃黏膜及胃癌组织中,KAI1和Caveolin-1阳性率呈递减趋势,且组间差异有显著性（χ2=24.022,P〈0.05;χ2=44.315,P〈0.05）。经χ2和Fisher精确概率法检验,KAI1蛋白的表达在不同浸润深度、有无淋巴结转移组、有无脉管侵犯组内表达率的差异有显著性（P〈0.05）,在年龄及性别组内表达率的差异性无显著性（P〉0.05）。Caveolin-1蛋白阳性表达率与有无淋巴结转移、浸润深度有关（P〈0.05）,而与有无脉管转移、年龄及性别（P〉0.05）无关。Spearman等级相关分析显示,KAI1蛋白与Caveolin-1蛋白表达呈正相关（rs=0.827,P〈0.05）。结论 KAI1、Caveolin-1在胃癌组织中表达的下调甚至缺失可能是胃癌发生、发展以及浸润转移的重要原因之一。     

Alternatively spliced variants of the cell adhesion molecule CD44 and tumour progression in colorectal cancer.

Increased expression of alternatively spliced variants of the CD44 family of cell adhesion molecules has been associated with tumour metastasis. In the present study, expression of alternatively spliced variants of CD44 and their cellular distribution have been investigated in human colonic tumours and in the corresponding normal mucosa, in addition to benign adenomatous polyps. The expression of CD44 alternatively spliced variants has been correlated with tumour progression according to Dukes'' histological stage. CD44 variant expression was determined by immunohistochemisty using monoclonal antibodies directed against specific CD44 variant domains together with RT-PCR analysis of CD44 variant mRNA expression in the same tissue specimens. We demonstrate that as well as being expressed in colonic tumour cells, the full range of CD44 variants, CD44v2-v10, are widely expressed in normal colonic crypt epithelium, predominantly in the crypt base. CD44v6, the epitope which is most commonly associated with tumour progression and metastasis, was not only expressed by many benign colonic tumours, but was expressed as frequently in normal basal crypt epithelium as in malignant colonic tumour cells, and surprisingly, was even absent from some metastatic colorectal tumours. Expression of none of the CD44 variant epitopes was found to be positively correlated with tumour progression or with colorectal tumour metastasis to the liver, results which are inconsistent with a role for CD44 variants as indicators of colonic cancer progression.     

KAI1 metastasis suppressor protein is down-regulated during the progression of human endometrial cancer.

PURPOSE: KAI1 is a metastasis suppressor gene located on human chromosome 11p11.2. It is a member of the structurally distinct family of cell surface glycoprotein, transmembrane 4 protein superfamily. KAI1 was initially isolated as a gene that suppressed metastasis of rat prostate tumor cells. Decreased KAI1 expression has been observed recently in various human cancers, including pancreatic, lung, hepatic, colorectal, breast, ovarian, esophageal, and cervical cancers. Frequent down-regulation of the KAI1 protein was also observed in endometrial cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to determine whether this gene is altered in human endometrial carcinoma. In addition, its prognostic significance in this tumor was also evaluated. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tumor specimens from 18 cases with various degrees of endometrial hyperplasia, 97 primary endometrial carcinomas with various stages, and 28 metastatic lesions of this cancer were examined in this study. Using the method of immunohistochemistry, we characterized the KAI1 protein expression in the 143 endometrial tumors. Expression of KAI1 at RNA level was also examined in 35 of the 143 samples using a real-time quantitative PCR method. The data from immunohistochemical analysis were correlated with various clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: High levels of KAI1 protein expression were detected in almost all of the specimens with endometrial hyperplasia (17 of 18). In contrast, loss of KAI1 expression occurred in an increasing frequency (27.8-71.4%) from early stages of primary endometrial carcinomas to metastatic tumors (P < 0.001). In addition, more poorly differentiated tumors demonstrated significantly lower KAI1 expression as compared with the well-differentiated tumors (P < 0.001). It was also found that patients with KAI1-negative tumors had a lower survival rate than those with KAI1-decreased or positive tumors (P = 0.0042 and 0.0286, respectively). However, in multivariate analysis, the prognostic significance of KAI1 expression was inferior to tumor stage. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that KAI1 expression is down-regulated in advanced endometrial cancer. Clinically it may be a useful indicator of the tumor progression and may provide prognostic information on the outcome of this disease.     

MEK1在结直肠癌中表达及临床意义的研究

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between expression of MEK1 protein in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and liver as well as lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer patients.Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of MEK1 protein in primary cancer, normal colonic mucosa, lymph nodes and liver metastatic foci from 86 colorectal cancer patients.Life table analysis was employed to evaluate the association between MEK1 expression and patients' survival.Results: The positive rate of MEK1 expression in the primary cancer, normal colonic mucosa, metastatic lymph nodes and liver metastatic foci was 52.3%, 32.6%, 71.4% and 78.3%, respectively.The positive rate of MEK1 expression in the primary cancer, metastatic lymph nodes and liver metastatic foci was significantly higher than that in the normal colonic mucosa (P < 0.01).Furthermore, the positive rate of MEK1 expression in stage III and IV colorectal cancer patients was dramatically higher than that in stage I and II colorectal cancer patients (P < 0.01).The positive rate of MEK1 expression in patients with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than patients with well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01).The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 41.3% in MEK1 positive patients and 73.1% in MEK1 negative patients.The survival rate of MEK1 positive patients was significantly lower than that of MEK1 negative patients (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The increased expression of MEK1 was associated with lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.Therefore, detection of MEK1 expression may have important significance in the evaluation of patients' prognosis.     

Clinical implications of mRNA expression of KAI1 in ovarian cancer with or without metastasis

Background. KAI1 is a potential metastasis suppressor gene for prostate cancer. Decreased expression of KAI1 mRNA has been shown to be associated with the formation of metastasis and the progression of prostate, lung, breast, pancreatic, and bladder cancer. It has also been reported, however, that KAI1 expression is unchanged in metastatic and nonmetastatic esophageal and gastric cancer. We performed the present study to investigate the function of KAI1 in the progression and/or metastasis of ovarian cancer. Methods. We investigated the mRNA expression levels of the KAI1 gene, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in 29 ovarian tumors (1 adenoma, 2 low- malignant potential tumors, 9 adenocarcinomas without metastasis, and 17 adenocarcinomas with metastasis), seven ovarian cancer cell lines, and two normal ovaries. Using a thermal cycler, we found that the KAI1 gene was amplified in parallel with an internal control gene, β-Actin. The relative expression ratio (KAI1/β-Actin) as measured by densitometry was used to evaluate gene expression. Immunohistochemical localization of the KAI1 protein in ovarian cancer tissues was confirmed by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Results. The mRNA expression levels of KAI1 were consistent in normal ovary, ovarian tumor samples, and ovarian cancer cell lines. No statistically significant difference in the KAI1 mRNA expression level was found in ovarian cancer samples with or without metastasis. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the KAI1 protein was expressed in the cell membranes of ovarian cancer cells. Conclusions. Our results suggest that reductions in KAI1 mRNA expression are not involved in either the progression or metastasis of ovarian carcinomas. Received: April 22, 1999 / Accepted: July 26, 1999     

KAI1/CD82 expression as a prognosic factor in sporadic colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: Since its identification as a suppressor gene for prostate cancer metastasis, down-regulation of KAI1/CD82 in a variety of malignancies has been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, we examined KAI1/CD82 expression in surgical specimens obtained from 70 patients with advanced colorectal cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological factors, to clarify their prognostic significance. RESULTS: KAI1/CD82 expression was positive in 55% of the 70 colorectal cancers. There were statistically significant correlations between KAI1/CD82 expression and Dukes' stage, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation and liver metastasis. The significant correlation between KAI1/CD82 expression and outcome among patients with Dukes' C cancer (p=0.024) is particularly noteworthy. On multivariate analysis, KAI1/CD82 expression and Dukes' stage were identified as significant and independent prognostic factors (p=0.006 and 0.045, respectively). CONCLUSION: KAI1/CD82 expression closely correlates with clinicopathological factors for colorectal cancers. KAI1/CD82 expression appears to be a useful prognostic marker.     

lncRNASNHG10靶向调控miR-532-3p促进结直肠癌SW620细胞的侵袭和迁移

目的： 探讨lncRNA SNHG10在结直肠癌组织和细胞中的表达情况及其对结直肠癌细胞侵袭和迁移的影响与可能的机制。 方法： 收集2018年1月至2019年12月在河南省人民医院行根治性结直肠癌切除术的78例患者的癌组织及对应癌旁组织标本,采用qPCR法检测结直肠癌组织、结直肠癌细胞（SW480、SW620、HT-29和LoVo）及人正常结直肠黏膜细胞FHC中lncRNA SNHG10和miR-532-3p的表达水平,并分析其与结直肠癌患者临床病理特征的关系及在组织中表达的相关性。采用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证lncRNA SNHG10和miR-532-3p间的靶向关系。向SW620细胞中转染si-SNHG10或miR-532-3p mimic或共转染si-SNHG10+miR-532-3p inhibitor,采用Transwell实验检测其侵袭和迁移能力的改变,采用WB法检测E-cadherin,N-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达水平变化。 结果： SNHG10 在结直肠癌组织和细胞中呈高表达（P<0.05 或 P<0.01）,其表达水平与TNM分期和远处转移有关（均P<0.05）;miR-532-3p在结直肠癌组织和细胞中呈低表达,其表达水平与TNM分期、淋巴结转移和远处转移有关（P<0.05或P<0.01）,SNHG10和miR-532-3p在结直肠癌组织中的表达呈负相关（r=-0.225, P=0.048）。双荧光素酶报告基因实验证实SNHG10靶向调节miR-532-3p的表达。下调 SNHG10 或上调 miR-532-3p 的表达后,SW620 细胞的侵袭和迁移能力显著降低（P<0.01）,E-cadherin蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）、N-cadherin和vimentin蛋白表达水平降低（均P<0.05）。抑制miR-532-3p表达后,敲低lncRNA SNHG10表达对结直肠癌细胞侵袭和迁移的抑制作用被逆转（均P<0.05）。 结论： lncRNA SNHG10在结直肠癌中高表达并与TNM分期和远处转移相关,lncRNASNHG10靶向调控miR-532-3p表达并通过EMT途径影响结直肠癌细胞的侵袭和转移。     

乳腺癌中KAI1蛋白表达与临床病理特征的相关性

目的:研究KAI1蛋白在人乳腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理特征的相关性。方法:应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测107例乳腺癌及30例癌旁乳腺组织中的KAI1蛋白表达情况。结果:乳腺癌组中KAI1蛋白高表达率显著低于正常乳腺组织(P<0.05)。正常组织及非侵袭性乳腺癌中,KAI1蛋白呈高表达;反之,在浸润性乳腺癌中KAI1表达减少。伴有腋窝淋巴结转移的61例乳腺癌中,KAI1蛋白高表达率为21.3%(13/61),无腋窝淋巴结转移组46例中,KAI1蛋白高表达率为39.0%(18/46),两者差异有显著性(P<0.05)。同时发现KAI1蛋白表达与肿瘤大小、年龄无相关性。结论:在乳腺癌进展过程中,KAI1蛋白表达降低在乳腺癌浸润和转移过程中起着重要的作用,检测KAI1蛋白表达可能成为监测人乳腺癌进展及临床上判断其预后的重要参考指标。     

KAI1 protein is down-regulated during the progression of human breast cancer.

The KAI1 gene was identified as a metastasis suppressor gene for human prostate cancer. Recently, we showed that KAI1 mRNA levels were higher in an immortal, normal-like breast epithelial cell line and nonmetastatic breast cancer cell lines but lower substantially in highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines. In this study, we examined KAI1 protein expression in breast cancer cell lines by Western blot and immunohistochemical study. KAI1 protein levels paralleled KAI1 mRNA levels and were inversely correlated with the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we examined KAI1 protein expression immunohistochemically in specimens from 81 patients with breast cancer and then correlated the findings with the clinical and histopathological parameters of the patients. High levels of KAI1 protein expression were found in normal breast tissues and noninvasive breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ). In contrast, KAI1 expression was reduced in most of the infiltrating breast tumors. We found that, in general, more malignant tumors demonstrated significantly lower KAI1 expression (P = 0.004). Additionally, among 29 specimens demonstrating multiple stages of malignancy within a single specimen, 23 demonstrated significant differences in KAI1 expression between benign breast tissue, ductal carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma. The higher the incidence for malignancy within a given specimen, the lower the KAI1 expression (P < 0.001). These data suggest that in advanced breast cancer, KAI1 expression is down-regulated. Therefore, KAI1 may be a potentially useful indicator of human breast cancer progression.     

Effect of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 on the metastatic behavior of human colorectal cancer.

PURPOSE: The expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 has been associated with tumor dissemination and poor prognosis in a limited number of tumor entities. However, no data are currently available on the impact of chemokine receptor expression on disease progression and prognosis in human colorectal cancer.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The expression of CXCR4 and CCR7 was evaluated in 96 patients with histologically confirmed colorectal cancers and in four colorectal cancer cell lines by immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, cell migration assays were done with SW480, SW620, and LS174T cancer cells to confirm the effect of the CXCR4 ligand stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha on migration.RESULTS: Human colorectal cancer specimens and cell lines displayed a CXCR4 and CCR7 expression with variable intensities. Interestingly, strong expression of CXCR4, but not of CCR7, was significantly associated with higher Union International Contre Cancer stages 3/4 (P = 0.0017), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.00375), and distant metastasis (P = 0.00003) and further correlated with a reduced 3-year survival rate (P = 0.1). Strong CXCR4 and CCR7 expression positively correlated with the location of the primary tumor in the rectum (P < 0.01). Furthermore, activation of CXCR4-expressing cancer cells by stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha resulted in a significant increase of cell migration (P < 0.014).CONCLUSION: Strong expression of CXCR4 by colorectal cancer cells is significantly associated with lymphatic and distant dissemination in patients with colorectal cancer as well as with cancer cell migration in vitro.     

环氧合酶2和胆囊收缩素B受体mRNA在结肠癌组织中的表达及意义

背景和目的研究表明环氧合酶2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)和胆囊收缩素鄄B(cholecystokinin-B,CCK-B)受体在多种消化道肿瘤中表达增高,对肿瘤的发生、发展起重要作用。本研究拟通过检测COX-2和CCK-B受体的mRNA在结肠癌和对应癌旁非癌组织中的表达水平,探讨其在结肠癌发生、发展中的意义。方法采用半定量RT鄄PCR法,检测35例结肠癌及相对应的癌旁非癌组织COX-2和CCK-B受体的表达水平。结果35例结肠癌组织COX-2的表达水平(1.3±0.3)明显高于癌旁正常组织(0.5±0.1)(P<0.05),并且其表达水平与淋巴结转移呈正相关,但与其它病理参数(年龄、性别、组织分化程度、浸润深度和临床分期)无相关性(P>0.05);结肠癌组织CCK-B受体的表达水平(0.7±0.1)也显著高于癌旁非癌组(0.2±0.1)(P<0.05)。结论COX-2和CCK-B受体在结肠癌组织中的表达水平较癌旁组织明显增高。     

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ在大肠肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的 在蛋白及mRNA水平确定过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（peroxiome proliferator activated receptor γ, PPARγ）在大肠肿瘤中的表达。方法 结肠镜下活检标本,分为正常大肠粘膜组、大肠腺瘤组及大肠癌组,免疫组化及RT PCR方法检测各组PPARγ的表达。结果 正常大肠粘膜中表达PPARγ蛋白的细胞主要是接近肠腔,分化良好的腺上皮细胞;而在大肠腺瘤中,PPARγ阳性的细胞呈弥漫分布。PPARγ蛋白及mRNA在大肠癌中的表达显著增加,明显高于大肠腺瘤和正常大肠粘膜(P<0.05)。PPARγ蛋白及mRNA在正常大肠粘膜及腺瘤中的表达无差异（P>0.05）。PPARγ mRNA在重度异型增生腺瘤中的表达高于正常大肠粘膜(P<0.05),接近于在大肠癌中的表达（P>0.05）。结论 大肠腺瘤最先发生PPARγ表达部位的变化,PPARγ在重度异型增生的大肠腺瘤及大肠癌中的表达水平较高,表明PPARγ可能在早期即参与大肠癌的发生发展。