冠心病患者激活蛋白-1和脂联素与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的: 探讨冠心病(CHD)患者外周血白细胞内激活蛋白-1(AP-1)和血浆脂联素浓度与CHD及冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的关系。方法: 冠状动脉造影患者142例,分为CHD组和对照组。CHD组根据临床类型分为稳定型心绞痛（SAP）和急性冠脉综合征（ACS）组;根据冠状动脉病变类型分为A,B和C型病变组;根据冠状动脉病变狭窄程度分为轻、中和重度病变组。用ELISA法测定外周血白细胞裂解液中磷酸化c-Jun吸光度（A）,反映活化AP-1数量;血浆脂联素浓度通过ELISA法测定。结果: CHD组磷酸化c-Jun明显高于对照组(1.43±0.33 vs 0.71±0.13, P<0.01),脂联素明显低于对照组［(6.1±1.8) mg/L vs (10.2±1.5) mg/L, P<0.01］;ACS组磷酸化c-Jun明显高于SAP组(1.56±0.28 vs 1.14±0.25, P<0.01) ,脂联素明显低于SAP组［(5.4±1.5) mg/L vs (7.6±1.7) mg/L, P<0.01］。随冠状动脉病变类型和病变程度的加重,磷酸化c-Jun逐渐升高,脂联素逐渐降低。脂联素浓度与冠脉Gensini评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论: 磷酸化c-Jun表达量增高和血浆脂联素浓度降低与CHD类型及冠脉病变情况显著相关。     

血清脂联素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的 :研究血清脂联素与冠状动脉 (冠脉 )病变狭窄程度的相关性以及对血管病变稳定性的预测价值。方法 :入选 10 5例男性患者 ,分为 3组 ,急性冠脉综合征 (ACS)患者 5 1例 ,稳定型心绞痛 (SAP)患者 2 9例 ,非冠心病对照组 2 5例 ,进行血清脂联素测定 ,采用Gensini积分系统评定冠脉血管病变狭窄程度。结果 :ACS组血清脂联素水平的对数值 [(0 .6 4± 0 .18)mg/L]明显低于SAP组和对照组 [(0 .81± 0 .2 1)、(0 .81± 0 .2 8)mg/L],均P <0 .0 1。而SAP组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。脂联素与冠脉病变程度Gensini积分呈负相关 (r =- 0 .38,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :脂联素与冠脉狭窄程度以及稳定性显著相关 ,有助于临床评价冠心病病变程度及其进展。     

血清脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白及脂联素水平与冠心病的相关性

目的 探讨脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白(A-FABP)、脂联素和A-FABP/脂联素比值与冠心病及冠状动脉病变程度的相关性.方法 经冠状动脉造影入选340例患者,分为冠心病组(211例)和非冠心病对照组(129例),用ELISA法测定血清AFABP及脂联素水平,冠状动脉病变程度用病变血管支数和Gensini积分表示.并从上述患者中选取年龄、性别、体质指数相匹配的冠心病及非冠心病者各10例,分离外周血单核细胞,佛波酯刺激为巨噬细胞后取培养上清,用ELISA法测定培养上清液A-FABP及脂联素浓度.结果 (1)冠心病组血清A-FABP水平[18.3(13.2,22.8)μg/L]较非冠心病组[16.4(13.5,20.4)μg/L]高,但差异未达到统计学意义(P=0.088);冠心病组血清脂联素水平低于非冠心病组[13.9(9.8,17.1)mg/L比19.7(14.5,27.6)mg/L,P＜0.05].(2)随着冠状动脉病变支数的增加,血清A-FABP水平呈升高、脂联素水平呈递减趋势;Gensini积分与血清A-FABP呈正相关(r=0.120,P=0.043),与脂联素呈负相关(r=-0.405,P=0.007).(3)冠心病组血清A-FABP/脂联素比值明显高于非冠心病组[(1.51±0.79)μg/mg比(0.89±0.30)μg/mg,P＜0.01];血清A-FABP/脂联素比值与Gensini积分的相关性更明显(r=0.531,P=0.000).(4)冠心病者单核源性巨噬细胞A-FABP/脂联素比值高于非冠心病者[(0.51±0.19)μg/mg比(0.36±0.11)μg/mg,P＜0.05].结论 高A-FABP和低脂联素水平可能是反映严重冠状动脉狭窄的新的血清标记物.A-FABP/脂联素比值较单独A-FABP或脂联素与冠状动脉病变的相关性更好.     

冠心病患者血浆脂联素、血红素加氧酶1与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性

目的 通过测定冠心病患者血浆脂联素和血红素加氧酶1水平,分析其与冠状动脉病变程度之间的相关性,探讨两者在冠心痛中的相互作用.方法 ELISA法测定冠心病组、非冠心病对照组血浆脂联素、血红素加氧酶1的水平,分别比较二者之间的相关性及其与冠状动脉病变程度(Gensini积分)的相关性.结果 冠心痛组血浆脂联素、血红素加氧酶1水平均较对照组显著降低(4.87±0.24比13.51±0.93mg/L,P<0.001:38.85±2.86比220.00±28.11μg/L,P<0.001).按冠状动脉病变支数进一步分组,冠状动脉病变支数多者血浆脂联素、血红素加氧酶1水平较冠状动脉病变支数少者亦显著降低.脂联素与血红素加氧酶1呈正相关(r=0.551,P<0.001),Gensini积分分别与血浆脂联素、血红素加氧酶1水平呈负相关(r=-0.526,P<0.001;r=-0.451,P<0.001).结论 冠心病患者血浆脂联素与血红素加氧酶1密切相关,且与冠状动脉病变程度密切相关,两者之间可能存在相互调节的作用.     

心型脂肪酸结合蛋白、肌钙蛋白I与急性冠脉综合征冠状动脉病变程度的相关分析

目的探讨心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)与近期发作急性冠脉综合征(ACS)的患者冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性及原因分析。方法ACS患者于发作12h内入院,1周内行冠脉造影者98例入选,其中急性心肌梗死(AMI)21例、不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)77例。采用双抗体夹心ELISA法定量测量待测血清H-FABP、cTnI;根据美国心脏病协会所规定的冠状动脉血管图像记分分段评价标准,对病变狭窄程度进行分度、累及血管支数计算,采用Gensini积分系统,对冠脉血管病变狭窄程度、病变部位、范围进行定量评定;用卡方检验分析血H-FABP、cTnI与狭窄程度、病变支数的相关性;采用二元回归分析方法分析血清H-FABP、cTnI与患者冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性。结果H-FABP≥8.0mg/L组与H-FABP<8.0mg/L组冠状动脉狭窄程度、累及支数及Gensini积分有明显差异(P<0.01);cTnI≥1.0mg/L组与cTnI<1.0mg/L组冠状动脉狭窄程度、累及支数及Gensini积分有明显差异(P<0.01);血清H-FABP、cTnI与患者冠状动脉病变严重程度的二元线性回归方程:Y=15.664 2.833x1 1.034x2(Y为Gensini积分,x1血中H-FABP浓度,x2为cTnI浓度);标准回归系数r为0.518和0.253(P<0.01)。结论H-FABP、cTnI与近期发作ACS的患者冠状动脉病变严重程度呈正相关,H-FABP与冠脉病变程度相关程度更高。血清H-FABP、cTnI升高是冠状动脉病变急性加重的直接结果,临床可根据血清H-FABP升高推断冠脉病变的危险度并采取积极的治疗措施。     

胱抑素C水平与冠心病的相关性研究

目的了解胱抑素C水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系。方法选择疑诊冠心病且行选择性冠状动脉造影的冠心病患者114例(冠心病组).根据临床病史和冠状动脉造影结果分为2组:急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronarysyndromes,ACS)组73例,稳定性心绞痛(stable angina pectoris,SAP)组41例;另选择非冠心病(冠状动脉造影阴性)患者38例作为对照组。采用Gensini评分系统对冠状动脉病变程度进行评分。应用免疫比浊法测定血清胱抑素C水平。分析血清胱抑素C水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度及病变支数的相互关系。结果 ACS组和SAP组血清胱抑素C水平明显高于对照组[(2.2±3.5)mg/L vs(1.6±4.1)mg/L vs(0.7±2.9)mg/L,P<0.01].且ACS组血清胱抑素C水平明显高于SAP组(P<0.05)。Gcnsini积分≥30分患者血清胱抑素C水平明显高于Gensini积分<30分患者[(2.6±2.7)mg/L vs(1.8±5.2)mg/L,P<0.01]。3支病变患者血清胱抑紊C水平和Gensini积分较单支病变和双支病变患者明显增高[(2.8±1.8)mg/L vs(1.9±3.4)mg/L vs(2.1±4.1)mg/L;(49±16)分v5(17±9)分vs(28±1 8)分,P<0.05,P<0.01];双支病变患者Gensin积分较单支病变患者明显增高(P<0.01);而单支病变与双支病变患者血清胱抑素C水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血清胱抑素C水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度Gensini积分呈正相关(r=0.673,P<0.01)。结论胱抑素C水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度及病变支数显著相关,胱抑素C水平可以作为评价冠状动脉病变严重程度的一个指标。     

急性冠脉综合征患者血清脂联素与C反应蛋白关系的研究

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清脂联素与C反应蛋白(CRP)的关系.方法 临床及冠状动脉造影明确诊断的急性冠脉综合征患者50例,稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组21例和对照组15例,分别检测其血清脂联素、CRP水平,并进行比较.结果 血清脂联素水平ACS组明显低于SAP组和对照组(P<0.01),CRP水平ACS组与SAP组和对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.01),而SAP组和对照组之间差异均无统计学意义.ACS患者血清脂联素水平随动脉粥样硬化程度的加重呈进行性下降.血清脂联素水平与冠状动脉的狭窄程度、CRP水平呈负相关.结论 ACS患者血清脂联素水平降低,其与CRP之间的相互关系可能促进了动脉粥样硬化的发展.     

血清脂联素水平与冠心病患者冠脉病变稳定性及狭窄程度的相关性分析

目的探讨血清脂联素水平与冠心病患者冠脉病变稳定性及病变程度的关系及其可能的作用机制。方法选择164例冠心病患者,分为稳定型心绞痛组和不稳定型心绞痛组,所有患者均行经皮冠脉造影,根据冠脉造影结果进行冠脉狭窄程度的Genisi记分评估,用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测。按两组患者血清脂联素的水平,观察血清脂联素水平与冠心病患者冠脉病变稳定性及狭窄程度的关系。结果稳定型心绞痛组患者血清脂联素水平高于不稳定型心绞痛组患者(7.01mg/L±2.61mg/Lvs4.89mg/L±2.26mg/L,P0.05);经过Logistic回归分析和多元逐步回归分析,血清脂联素水平对冠脉病变的不稳定型和冠脉的狭窄程度具有独立预测价值。结论脂联素对冠脉粥样硬化具有保护作用,血清脂联素水平与冠脉病变的不稳定性和冠脉的狭窄程度具有一定的相关性。     

趋化因子CCL21、CCL19与急性冠状动脉综合征的相关性研究

目的:通过研究急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清趋化因子CCL21、CC19的变化,探讨其与冠状动脉病变的相关性。方法: 选取102例ACS患者,其中急性ST段抬高的心肌梗死(STEMI)患者33例,非ST段抬高的心肌梗死（NSTEMI）37例,不稳定型心绞痛(UA)患者32例,稳定型心绞痛患者36例,非心源性胸痛并经冠状动脉造影排除冠心病的患者为对照组30例,采用酶联免疫法法测定CCL21、CCL19水平,所有ACS患者进行冠状动脉造影用目测法和Gensini评分对冠脉血管进行损害程度进行评价,来探讨CCL21、CCL19与冠状动脉狭窄范围及程度的关系。结果: ACS组CCL21及CCL19水平明显高于稳定型心绞痛组和对照组,分别为［(149.33±26.24)ng/L vs.(111.45±24．31)ng/L vs.(108.38±22.28)ng/L,P<0.01］,［(77.45±16.27)ng/L vs.(54.74±19.44) vs.(57.38±21.28)ng/L,P<0.01］。 ACS中STEMI、NSTEMI、UA组内血清CCL21、CCL19水平在组内差异无统计学意义［CCL21:(155.39±21.56)ng/L vs.(154．38±20．74)ng/L vs.(157.39±24.33)ng/L,P>0.05;CCL19:(75.34±15.34)ng/L vs.(77.25±16.21)ng/L vs.(74.23±24.19)ng/L,P>0.05］,冠状动脉狭窄程度及Gensini评分法积分在ACS组内STEMI组、NSTEMI组、UA组比较差异无统计学意义,三组内冠状动脉狭窄程度与外周血CCL21、CCL19水平无明显相关性。结论: 外周血CCL21、CCL19水平与急性冠脉综合症血管病变有关,在斑块不稳定中可能扮演着重要的角色。     

ACS患者血浆纤维蛋白原与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血浆纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen, FIB)水平与冠状动脉(冠脉)病变严重程度的关系。方法:选择2018-11-01—2019-11-01就诊于西安交通大学第一附属医院心血管内科诊断为ACS的患者1106例(病例组),以及294例冠脉造影正常的患者(对照组)。应用Gensini评分和冠脉病变支数等评估冠脉病变的严重程度,采用Von Clauss法检测血浆FIB。按照ACS患者FIB水平的三分位数,分为T1组(FIB≤2.83 g/L)、T2组(2.83 g/LFIB3.48 g/L)、T3组(FIB≥3.48 g/L);按照冠脉病变支数,分为单支病变组、双支病变组、3支病变组;按照Gensini评分的三分位数,分为轻度狭窄组、中度狭窄组、重度狭窄组;按照ACS的临床类型,分为不稳定型心绞痛组(UA组)、非ST段抬高型心肌梗死组(NSTEMI组)、ST段抬高型心肌梗死组(STEMI组)。分析各组血浆FIB水平及其特点;采用Spearman相关分析法分析血浆FIB水平与冠脉Gensini评分、冠脉病变支数的关系;进一步行多因素Logistic回归分析评估血浆FIB水平与ACS患者高Gensini评分的关系。结果:(1)病例组患者血浆FIB水平明显高于对照组[(3.28±1.02) g/L∶(2.98±0.65) g/L,P0.01];(2)Gensini评分T3组T2组T1组(均P0.05),T3组冠脉病变支数明显多于T2组、T1组[分别为(2.27±0.82)支、(2.05±0.84)支和(1.94±0.86)支,均P0.05],T3组、T2组冠脉狭窄≥75%患者比例明显高于T1组[分别为82.6%、78.7%和69.8%,均P0.05];(3)FIB水平3支病变组双支病变组单支病变组(均P0.05),重度狭窄组FIB水平中度狭窄组轻度狭窄组(均P0.05),STEMI组和NSTEMI组FIB水平高于UA组[分别为(3.47±1.56) g/L、(3.51±0.96) g/L和(3.15±0.71) g/L,P0.01];(4)Spearman相关性分析显示,ACS患者血浆FIB水平与Gensini评分(r_s=0.201,P0.001)、冠脉病变支数(r_s=0.171,P0.001)存在正相关;多因素Logistic回归分析在调整了混杂因素后显示,FIB是ACS患者高Gensini评分的危险因素之一(OR=1.38,95%CI 1.20～1.60,P0.001)。结论:ACS患者血浆FIB水平与Gensini评分、冠脉病变支数呈正相关,是评估冠脉病变严重程度的危险因素之一。     

冠状动脉侧支循环与冠心病预后的关系

目的 :研究冠状动脉侧支循环与冠心病 (CHD)预后的关系。方法 :依据选择性冠状动脉造影(SCA)结果将 98例SCA患者分为正常对照组 (非CHD组 )、CHD无侧支循环组、CHD有侧支循环组 ,分析各组患者的临床资料。结果 :CHD组与非CHD组相比 ,除糖尿病发病率 (无论有无侧支循环 )较高外 (P <0 .0 1) ,其他CHD易患因素差异均无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;有侧支循环患者与无侧支循环患者相比 ,主要CHD易患因素、不稳定型心绞痛 (UAP)的发生差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;但无侧支循环患者心功能不全、心肌梗死、室壁瘤的发生率显著增加 (P <0 .0 1) ;次全闭塞、完全闭塞主要见于有侧支循环者 ;有侧支循环患者以左前降支病变为主 ,无侧支循环患者以右冠状动脉病变为主。结论 :侧支循环存在与否与CHD患者预后密切相关     

非典型性冠状动脉痉挛患者的临床特点及近期预后

目的总结非典型性冠状动脉痉挛患者的临床特点。方法选择临床具有静息性胸痛或胸闷,且冠状动脉造影无显著狭窄的64例患者进行乙酰胆碱冠状动脉痉挛激发试验,将乙酰胆碱试验阳性即冠状动脉痉挛患者根据胸痛或胸闷发作时心电图上是否有ST段抬高分为典型变异型心绞痛组（典型组）和非典型变异型心绞痛性冠状动脉痉挛组（非典型组）,比较两组的临床症状特点（危险因素、心电图和核素心肌灌注显像负荷试验结果以及冠状动脉造影和乙酰胆碱试验的影像学）。结果共有46例（72％,46／64）患者诱发冠状动脉痉挛,其中典型组和非典型组分别为12及34例。典型组的平均年龄偏低（P〈0．05）,血脂代谢紊乱在非典型组更常见,运动心电图试验两组多为阴性,核素灌注心肌显像负荷试验两组均表现有反向再分布,冠状动脉造影典型组多为轻度局限性狭窄或节段性内膜不光滑,肌桥发生率更高,乙酰胆碱试验多诱发节段性痉挛。而非典型组为弥漫性血管细小、内膜不光滑、僵硬,血管迂曲伴远端血流缓慢,乙酰胆碱试验多诱发弥漫性血管痉挛,并可见多支血管同时痉挛。结论非典型性冠状动脉痉挛较典型变异型心绞痛更常见,且具有一定的特征性,应引起临床医生高度重视。     

急性心肌梗死患者冠状动脉循环血线粒体偶联因子-6含量变化及意义

目的:研究急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清线粒体偶联因子-6(CF6)含量在冠状动脉循环中的变化。方法:用放免方法分别测定AMI患者与对照组冠状静脉窦、冠状动脉与外周血清中CF6浓度。结果:AMI患者冠状静脉窦、冠状动脉、外周静脉血清中CF6浓度较对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),AMI患者冠状静脉窦血清CF6较冠状动脉血清CF6明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:AMI患者外周静脉、冠状动脉和冠状静脉窦血清CF6浓度明显增高,以冠状静脉窦血清CF6升高最明显。     

Severe aortic valve stenosis and coronary disease in the elderly. Epidemiology and hemodynamic features

BACKGROUND: Aortic valve replacement is an effective and safe intervention in the elderly, but to-day the prevalence of coronary artery disease in the elderly has still to be clarified. Aim of this paper is to analyze in a retrospective study the epidemiology and the hemodynamic relation of the association of severe aortic valve stenosis with coronary artery disease in patients over 75 years. METHODS: In a retrospective study of 12.000 cardiac catheterization procedures, patients with severe aortic valve stenosis were selected: the patients over 75 years (30 patients) were screened for presence/absence of coronary lesion forming two groups: correlations with anatomic and hemodynamic variables were made. RESULTS: 36.6% (11 patients) of the over-75 had significative coronary lesions; the coronary arteries involved were the anterior descendent coronary artery and the right coronary artery; no significative differences were found as to risk factors between the two groups except hypertension; the greater number of calcifications and mitral and aortic regurgitation was found in patients with coronary disease; the values of ejection fraction and cardiac index were significantly smaller in patients with coronary disease. CONCLUSIONS: In patients over 75 the severe aortic valve stenosis is frequently associated with coronary disease and the association is greater than in younger persons; some particular features confirm the elderly patients as a class at particular risk in which coronary angiography and combined bypass graft and valve replacement are of primary importance for the outcomes.     

经尺动脉途径行冠状动脉介入术的临床应用

目的:分析经尺动脉途径行冠状动脉介入术的临床应用价值和安全性。方法:回顾总结2006年6月至2007年5月51例疑似冠心病患者经桡动脉途径穿刺失败后改经尺动脉途径行冠状动脉介入术的资料。结果:47例患者经尺动脉穿刺行冠状动脉介入术获得成功,成功率92.2%,手术无冠脉开口损伤、穿刺口血肿和肌间血肿等严重并发症发生。结论:经尺动脉途径行冠状动脉介入术成功率高,无严重并发症,是一种安全、有效的冠状动脉介入检查和治疗方法。     

Elevated plasma homocysteine levels in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia

OBJECTIVE: Coronary artery ectasia is a variant of coronary atherosclerosis. Hyperhomocysteinemia has emerged as a major, independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The purposes of this study were to determine plasma hyperhomocysteine levels in patients with coronary artery ectasia, and to compare patients with coronary artery ectasia, coronary artery disease, and controls with normal coronary angiogram. METHOD: The study population included 37 patients with coronary artery ectasia and 36 patients with coronary artery disease. The control group consisted of 32 patients with angiographically proven normal coronary arteries. Plasma hyperhomocysteine levels were measured in all study patients with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in patients with both coronary artery ectasia and coronary artery disease than in the controls (14.8+/-1.1 and 15.9+/-0.8 vs. 2.5+/-0.6 micromol/l; P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). No significant differences in plasma homocysteine levels were found among CAE and CAD groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated that patients with coronary artery ectasia and coronary artery disease have increased plasma hyperhomocysteine levels compared with the controls. These findings suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia may play an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery ectasia as in coronary artery disease.     

Clinical course of patients with coronary ectasia.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical prognosis between patients with diffuse coronary ectasia and those with localized coronary ectasia. DESIGN: Patients with coronary ectasia were divided into two groups based on the Markis classification (group D: types I-III and group L: type IV), and the clinical manifestations and prognosis were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Group D patients (52.1 +/- 4 years) were significantly younger than group L patients (62.5 +/- 7 years). During the study, 4 patients in group D died suddenly. Three of the patients had type I coronary ectasia, and 1 had left main coronary ectasia. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that patients with diffuse coronary ectasia and left main coronary ectasia should be followed carefully.     

The role of nitric oxide in bradykinin-induced dilation of coronary resistance vessels in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

OBJECT: In hypercholesterolemic patients, acetylcholine- and substance P-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation of the coronary resistance vessels is impaired due to decreased nitric oxide production. However, it is not clear if bradykinin-induced coronary vasodilation is impaired in these patients. We investigated whether the endothelium-dependent dilation of coronary resistance vessels mediated by bradykinin is impaired in patients with hypercholesterolemia and, if so, whether this impairment is caused by a decreased production of nitric oxide. METHODS: We examined the coronary vascular responses to acetylcholine and bradykinin. The vascular responses to bradykinin were also assessed after N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine was infused to inhibit nitric oxide production. Drugs were infused into the left coronary ostium and coronary blood flow (CBF) and coronary vascular resistance were evaluated by quantitative angiography and Doppler flow velocity measurements. PATIENTS: Twelve hypercholesterolemic patients and 11 control patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries were studied. RESULTS: The vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and bradykinin were reduced in hypercholesterolemic patients compared with control patients (p<0.005 and p<0.04, respectively, by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)). The CBF responses to acetylcholine and bradykinin were significantly correlated (r=0.56; p<0.01). Bradykinin-induced dilation was similar in hypercholesterolemic patients and control patients after inhibition of nitric oxide. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the bradykinin-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation of coronary resistance vessels may be impaired due to depressed nitric oxide production in patients with hypercholesterolemia.     

无症状心肌缺血患者动态心电图与冠状动脉CT血管造影的对比分析

目的:比较不同程度无症状性心肌缺血(SMI)患者,冠状动脉CT血管造影(CTA)改变是否存在差异,探讨SMI患者动态心电图改变与冠状动脉CTA改变的关系。方法:利用12导联动态心电图筛选出SMI患者进行冠状动脉CTA检查,同时对无SMI但存在多重冠心病危险因素的患者进行冠状动脉CTA检查,作为对照组,对二者的结果进行对比分析。结果:随着心肌缺血负荷值的增加,冠状动脉CTA改变程度加重,无SMI患者冠状动脉CTA阳性率较SMI患者明显较低。结论:SMI患者动态心电图改变与冠状动脉CTA改变有显著的相关性。     

Coronary Artery Complications after Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction Surgery

Background: Mechanisms and clinical manifestations of coronary artery complications after right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery are not well known. Methods: Patients who had coronary artery complications after pulmonary valve replacement or the Rastelli procedure at a single tertiary centre were retrospectively analysed. Results: Coronary artery complications were identified in 20 patients who underwent right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery. The median age at diagnosis of coronary artery complication was 21 years (interquartile range: 13–25 years). Mechanisms of coronary artery complications were compression by adjacent materials in 12 patients, dynamic compression of intramural course of coronary artery in two patients, and intraoperative injury in six patients. Congenital coronary artery anomalies were identified in 50% (10/20) of patients. Four patients presented with early postoperative haemodynamic instability. Fourteen patients showed late onset symptoms or signs of coronary insufficiency, including chest pain, ventricular dysfunction, or ventricular arrhythmias. Coronary artery stenosis was incidentally found on cardiac computed tomography angiography in two asymptomatic patients. Four patients underwent surgical interventions, and one patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary stenosis. One patient with recurrent ventricular tachycardia required an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. There were two deaths in patients with intraoperative coronary injury. Conclusion: Preoperative coronary evaluation and long-term follow-up for the development of coronary artery complications are required in patients undergoing right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery to prevent ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmias, and death, especially among those with congenital coronary anomalies.