音乐疗法对乳腺癌根治术后患者疼痛的影响

目的通过使用音乐疗法对乳腺癌根治术后患者疼痛进行干预,探讨音乐疗法对疼痛的影响。方法将120例择期行根治术的女性乳腺癌患者随机分为干预组和对照组,采用简式麦氏疼痛问卷(Short-Form of Mcgill Pain Questionnaire,SF-MPQ)作为评估工具。干预组患者于术后第1天疼痛评分后在常规护理基础上开始接受音乐疗法(聆听法),每日2次(晨起和晚睡前),每次30min,持续至第3次住院化疗。对照组患者只接受常规护理。术后第1天分别对两组患者进行SF-MPQ前测;于出院前1天、第2次和第3次住院化疗时分别进行SF-MPQ疼痛评分。采用重复测量方差分析比较两组间疼痛评分结果。结果不同测量时间及组间疼痛评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),并且二者间有交互作用(P0.01)。结论音乐疗法能够降低乳腺癌根治术后患者对疼痛的敏感性,缓解其疼痛,长期干预具有较满意的效果。     

音乐疗法改善女性恶性肿瘤患者焦虑及抑郁心理的效果

目的探讨音乐疗法改善乳腺癌及宫颈癌患者焦虑及抑郁心理的作用。方法将240例乳腺癌及宫颈癌患者采用随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各120例,干预组患者于术后第1天起在常规护理基础上接受音乐疗法(聆听法),每日2次(晨起和晚睡前),每次30min,持续至术后3个月;对照组接受常规护理。比较两组患者术前1d和术后30、60及90d状态-特质焦虑问卷(state-trait anxiety inventory,STAI)及抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)的评分。结果两组患者术后30、60及90d焦虑、抑郁评分随时间变化均呈下降趋势,并且干预组的焦虑、抑郁评分均低于对照组。经线性固定模型重复测量方差分析比较,不同测量时间及两组患者间的焦虑、抑郁评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),并且两者间存在交互作用(P<0.01)。结论音乐疗法能够改善乳腺癌及宫颈癌患者焦虑及抑郁的负性心理状态,具有较好的组间效应及时间效应,长期干预效果满意。     

“院内—院外”延续护理模式对乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者健康行为及情绪的影响

目的探讨"院内—院外"的延续护理模式对乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者健康行为及情感状况的影响。方法选择本院肿瘤内科于2012年3月至2014年2月收治的40例乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者,设为对照组;选择本院肿瘤内科于2014年3月至2016年2月收治的40例乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者,设为研究组,对照组患者采用传统住院常规护理及出院指导,研究组患者采用"院内—院外"的延续护理模式。比较两组患者干预前及干预后第2个月末健康促进生活方式评定量表(health promotion lifestyle rating scale,HPLS-Ⅱ)、焦虑自评量表(self rating anxiety scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self rating depression scale,SDS)测评情况。结果两组患者干预前健康行为总分及各维度评分与焦虑、抑郁评分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);两组患者干预后健康行为总分及各维度评分与焦虑、抑郁评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05),研究组患者健康行为总分及各维度评分明显高于对照组,焦虑、抑郁评分明显低于对照组。结论 "院内—院外"延续护理模式应用于乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者,有利于帮助患者调整自我情绪,且能改善其健康行为。     

音乐疗法联合有氧运动对乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者睡眠质量的影响

目的:调查音乐疗法联合有氧运动对乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者睡眠质量的影响。方法:将100例乳腺癌根治术后化疗的女性患者随机分为干预组(n=51)和对照组(n=49)。对照组患者实施常规护理,干预组患者在此基础上实施音乐疗法联合有氧运动的综合护理。用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)分别测量两组患者术后10天,第一周期化疗、第三周期化疗和第六周期化疗结束时的睡眠质量,比较两组患者的睡眠质量总分及各因子有无差异。结果:干预组患者PSQI总分及各因子在第一周期化疗、第三周期化疗和第六周期化疗结束时的评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:音乐疗法联合有氧运动能持续改善患者的睡眠质量。     

舒适护理对乳腺癌化疗患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨舒适护理对乳腺癌化疗患者生活质量的影响.方法 采用方便抽样法选取乳腺癌改良根治术后住院化疗患者80例作为研究对象,将其随机分为干预组与对照组各40例.对照组采用常规护理,干预组在此基础上给予化疗全程的舒适护理.采用欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织癌症患者生活质量问卷调查表(QLQ-C30)、医院焦虑和抑郁量表(HADS)和自编护理工作满意度调查表定期对2组患者进行评定.结果 干预前2组患者的生活质量比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),干预后差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).干预组的抑郁和焦虑的发生率明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),对护理工作的满意度明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 舒适护理能够提高护理服务质量,减少焦虑、抑郁状态的发生,提高乳腺癌化疗患者的生活质量.     

放松疗法结合耳穴贴压对缓解乳腺癌患者化疗期间焦虑的影响

目的探讨放松疗法结合耳穴贴压对缓解乳腺癌术后患者化疗期间焦虑的效果。方法采用方便抽样的方法,将符合入选条件的乳腺癌术后患者按入院顺序分为联合治疗组48例、耳穴贴压组47例和对照组47例。对照组按照乳腺癌化疗期护理常规进行护理,耳穴贴压组在常规护理的同时取心、神门、交感和皮质下穴进行耳穴压豆,早晚各1次;联合治疗组在常规护理和耳穴贴压的基础上进行放松训练,早晚各1次。结果联合治疗组和耳穴贴压组的状态焦虑和特质焦虑评分均低于对照组(P0.05),且联合干预组患者状态焦虑和特质焦虑得分的下降趋势优于耳穴贴压组(P0.05)。结论放松疗法联合耳穴贴压能减轻患者化疗期的焦虑程度,在对乳腺癌术后化疗患者的心理行为干预中具有可操作性。     

音乐疗法对导管引导下泡沫硬化剂治疗大隐静脉曲张手术患者焦虑情绪的影响

目的探讨音乐疗法对导管引导下泡沫硬化剂治疗大隐静脉曲张手术患者焦虑情绪的影响。方法将符合条件的老年患者按照简单随机方法分成实验组30例,对照组30例,对照组使用常规护理,实验组在常规护理基础上加用音乐疗法,比较2组之间在术前、术后1周以及出院前1天焦虑评分的差异。结果实验组患者状态特质焦虑评分在术前1日、术后1周和出院前1天均低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论音乐疗法能够改善导管引导下泡沫硬化剂治疗大隐静脉曲张手术患者焦虑症状,均有较好的疗效。     

广场舞对乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨广场舞对乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者生活质量的影响。方法将2014年2~10月在本院住院行乳腺癌根治术后49例化疗患者设为对照组,将2014年11月~2015年8月在本院住院行乳腺癌根治术后51例化疗患者设为干预组。干预组患者在常规护理的基础上实施广场舞干预,每个化疗周期参与3~5次,每次30~90 min,持续到第6个化疗周期结束;对照组患者除不实施广场舞干预外,其他治疗与护理均与干预组相同。干预前后采用乳腺癌患者生活质量测定量表(functiond assessment of cancer therapy-breast,FACT-B)对两组患者进行测评。结果干预前两组患者FACT-B总分及各领域得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后两组患者FACT-B总分及各领域得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论广场舞作为运动疗法、团体疗法和音乐疗法相结合的新型娱乐方式,可提高乳腺癌根治术后化疗患者的生活质量,在今后的社区护理中具有一定的推广应用价值。     

心理干预对乳腺癌改良根治术患者心理状态的影响及护理体会

目的 探讨心理干预对乳腺癌改良根治术患者心理状态的影响及护理体会.方法 将实施乳腺癌改良根治术的102例患者随机分为对照组(常规护理)和观察组(心理干预)各51例,观察比较2组护理前后焦虑评分(SAS)、抑郁评分(SDS)、住院时间、并发症发生率以及护理满意度.结果 与对照组相比,观察组护理后SAS评分和SDS评分均显著降低(P＜0.05),住院时间显著缩短(P＜0.05),并发症发生率显著降低(P＜0.05);观察组患者对护理服务的满意度显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 心理干预能够明显改善乳腺癌改良根治术患者的心理状态,使其平稳度过围术期,值得临床推广.     

认知行为干预在脊柱侧弯矫形术患者心理护理中的应用

目的 探讨认知行为干预对改善脊柱侧弯矫形术患者焦虑心理的作用.方法 将50例脊柱侧弯患者随机分为对照组和观察组各25例,对照组给予常规护理,观察组除常规护理外,同时给予认知行为干预.采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)对2组患者术前1 d和术后第2天的心理状态进行评估,评价其焦虑程度.结果 2组患者术后第2天状态焦虑评分高于术前1 d,特质焦虑评分无显著改变,观察组术前1 d及术后第2天两类焦虑评分均显著低于对照组.结论 对脊柱侧弯矫形术患者进行认知行为干预能够减轻围手术期焦虑,有利于患者康复.     

Strategies for decreasing patient anxiety in the perioperative setting

Perioperative patient anxiety is a pervasive problem that can have far-reaching effects. Among these effects are increased postoperative pain, increased risk for infection, and longer healing times. Many factors affect perioperative patient anxiety, including the need for surgery, perceived loss of control, fear of postoperative pain, and alteration of body image. This systematic review of current literature was undertaken to identify evidence-based interventions for decreasing patient anxiety in perioperative practice. According to the current research literature, perioperative education and music therapy can be used to successfully reduce surgical patients' anxiety.     

中学生的焦虑状况及与自尊和应付方式的关系研究

目的探讨中学生焦虑的状况及与自尊和应付方式之间的关系。方法采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、自尊量表(SES)及应付方式问卷,对396名中学生进行测查,所得数据运用SPSS 10.0软件包进行统计处理。结果中学生状态焦虑和特质焦虑分高于全国常模,有显著性差异。中学生状态焦虑、特质焦虑分与自尊呈显著负相关。中学生焦虑水平与自责、幻想、逃避和合理化应付因子呈显著正相关,与问题解决、求助应付因子呈显著负相关。自尊对状态焦虑和特质焦虑有较强预测作用;解决问题、自责对状态焦虑和特质焦虑有很强预测作用,求助对特质焦虑有预测作用。高焦虑的中学生自尊水平低,倾向使用消极的应付方式。结论中学生的焦虑水平较高,自尊和应付方式是影响中学生焦虑的重要的内部心理因素。     

女性甲状腺手术病人术前焦虑及应对方式调查

[目的]了解女性甲状腺手术病人术前的焦虑及应对方式.[方法]随机抽取71例拟行甲状腺手术的女性病人,采用状态特质焦虑问卷(STAI)和医学应对方式问卷(MCMQ)对其进行调查.[结果]病人处于不同程度的焦虑状态."回避"与"屈服"两种应对方式均与特质焦虑呈正相关.[结论]病人术前处于一定程度的心理应激状态,具有特质焦虑的病人倾向于采取消极的应对方式.     

住院患者焦虑情绪的识别和干预

系统阐述住院患者常见焦虑的临床特点和识别要点，重点介绍人院焦虑、手术焦虑、分离性焦虑、广泛性焦虑、惊恐发作的临床特点和干预对策，以帮助护士认识焦虑反应与焦虑性神经症的区别，掌握住院患者焦虑情绪的识别要点和焦虑的干预技巧，为患者提供科学、有效的心理护理。     

Understanding Separation Anxiety Disorder

BACKGROUND. When children are acutely ill and life is threatened, separation anxiety can develop in parents and children. Separation anxiety has been studied through two traditions—as a normative phenomenon and as a disorder.
SOURCE. A comprehensive review of the literature.
OBJECTIVE. To analyze and evaluate the literature to derive clinical and research implications.
CONCLUSIONS. Support was found for the development of interventions beyond the developmental stage of early childhood. The need for a family approach was evident.     

Cognition and agoraphobia: Bias in the interpretation of threat

Foa and Kozak (1985, 1986) have proposed that agoraphobics are characterized by a fear structure in which information about physiological arousal is associated in memory with information about danger. Accordingly, agoraphobics should be more likely than normals to interpret ambiguous bodily stimuli as threatening. They are also expected to exaggerate the probability and cost of unpleasant events related to arousal more than of events unrelated to arousal. Three groups — untreated and treated agoraphobics, and normals — were administered three questionnaires designed to test these conjectures. Agoraphobics, but not normals, manifested the hypothesized cognitive biases. Moreover, these biases were greatly diminished in agoraphobics who had undergone cognitive-behavior therapy.     

Relationship Between Tourette's Disorder and Anxiety in Children

This study examined whether children and adolescents with Tourette's disorder (TD) experience greater chronic and/or social anxiety than children and adolescents without this diagnosis. The design also included an anxiety-induction task, and we hypothesized that the TD group would report greater increases in physiological arousal (i.e., heart rate) and state anxiety in response to this task when compared to the control group. Results indicated that the TD group did, in fact, report greater levels of both general and social anxiety than the control group. Analyses also indicated that the TD group did experience greater state anxiety both pretask and posttask and that they experienced greater levels of physiological arousal as compared to the control group. However, the increases in arousal and state anxiety experienced by children with TD were not significantly higher than the increases for children without this diagnosis. Group differences were also evident on several subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist. The results provide useful information concerning the anxiety experienced by individuals with TD and suggest that assessment and treatment of TD may need to account for anxiety associated with the disorder.     

Anxiety Sensitivity and the Situational Antecedents to Drug and Alcohol Use: An Evaluation of Anxiety Patients with Substance Use Disorders

Although anxiety and substance use disorders co-occur at a high rate, little is known about the cause of this association. Relations between anxiety sensitivity (AS), posited to play an important role in the development of anxiety disorders and some substance use problems, the situational antecedents of drug and alcohol use, and substance preference, were evaluated in inpatients with anxiety or mood disorders and concurrent substance use disorders. AS predicted substance use even after controlling for variance attributable to trait anxiety and diagnostic status. AS was more strongly associated with the use of depressants in situations involving negative reinforcement. If AS proves to be a reliable risk factor for anxiety disorders co-occurring with substance use disorders, interventions structured to reduce AS would become important components of treatment and prevention programs.     

Postpartum Anxiety

During the perinatal and postpartum period, women are vulnerable to mental health disorders. Primary care providers are skilled at screening, diagnosing, and treating the mother for postpartum depression. However, perinatal and postpartum anxiety demonstrates a greater prevalence rate and appears to be under-recognized and under-treated, despite its increased prevalence. With frequent patient encounters during pregnancy and in the postpartum period, nurse practitioners have the opportunity to recognize and treat postpartum anxiety and, as a result, improve patient outcomes for the mother and infant. This report describes postpartum anxiety, focusing on screening, diagnosis, and treatment, and discusses the evidence to support the nonpharmacologic approach of mindfulness for the treatment of perinatal anxiety.