甘草酸二铵脂质体含量的检测

目的:建立甘草酸二铵脂质体含量检测方法。方法:RP-HPLC法来进行甘草酸脂质体含量的测定。结果:药物浓度与吸收峰面积的相关性好(r=0.9999,n=5),回收率在99.4%~100.7%之间,RSD=1.89%。结论:所用法准确,可用于甘草酸单铵脂质体的含量测定。     

甘草酸二铵注射液预防化疗引起的肝功能异常的效果

目的：探讨甘草酸二铵注射液对恶性肿瘤患者全身化疗所致肝损害的防治效果。方法：100例患者采用自身对照。每例用同一化疗方案连续化疗2周期。其中一周期单纯化疗。另一周期化疗同时加用甘草酸二铵注射液；观察化疗后肝功能变化。结果：两周期化疗后谷氨酸转氨酶升高分别为15．0％、5．0％(χ^2=5．556,P=0．018)；谷氨酰胺转移酶升高13．0％。5．0％(χ^2=3．907,P=0．048)。加用甘草酸二铵周期的肝功能损害的发生率明显减少。结论：甘草酸二铵注射液对全身化疗引起的肝功能异常有预防作用。     

HPLC-ELSD法测定甘草中3种甘草皂苷的含量

目的建立测定甘草药材中甘草皂苷G2、甘草酸铵、乌拉尔甘草皂苷B含量的方法。方法采用HPLC—ELSD法,Hypersil C18柱（5μm,4．6mm×150mm）,以甲醇-乙酸铵水溶液（0．2mol／L）-冰乙酸（体积比65：34：1）为流动相,流速1．0mL／min,ELSD漂移管温度110℃,载气（N,）流速2．8L／min。结果甘草皂苷G2、甘草酸铵、乌拉尔甘草皂苷B的线性范围分别为6．02—120．4,13．22～264．4,6．32～126．4μg/mL（r值分别为0．9996,0．9997,0．9998）,平均回收率（n=6）为100．6％,100．8％和99．87％。结论本法简便,重现性好,可用于甘草中甘草皂苷G2、甘草酸铵、乌拉尔甘草皂苷B含量的测定。     

复方甘草锌口腔复合膜的质控方法研究

目的：确定金属锌的含量,并且建立高效液相色谱法测定甘草锌口腔复合膜剂中甘草酸和氨来阽诺含量的方法。方法：通过配位滴定方法测定金属锌含量;色谱柱为Kromasil—C18柱（Φ200mm×4．6mm,5μm）,以甲醇-0．2m01／L醋酸铵溶液-冰醋酸（67：33：1）为流动相,检测波长为250nm,流速为0．8ml／min,进样量为20μl,柱温：室温。结果：金属锌含量为0．67％;甘草酸在4．90—9．80μg／ml范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9999,n=9）,平均回收率为98．81％,RSD值为0．62％（n=9）;氨来呫诺在1～6μg／ml范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9999,n=9）,平均回收率为99．61％,RSD值为0．90％（n=9）。结论：该方法简便、灵敏、准确,重现性好,可用于复方甘草锌口腔复合膜剂的质量控制。     

RP—HPLC柱前衍生法测定复方甘草酸铵S分散片的含量

目的：建立复方甘草酸铵S分散片中甘氨酸和蛋氨酸的高效液相分析方法。方法：采用柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定复方甘草酸铵S分散片中两种氨基酸含量。结果：复方甘草酸铵S分散片中甘氨酸浓度为10.58-39.68 mg/ml,蛋氨酸浓度为10.44-39.15mg/ml,线性关系良好,r〉0.99,RSD〈1.0%,加样回收率为99%。结论：用HPLC柱前衍生方法测定复方甘草酸铵S分散片中甘氨酸及蛋氨酸含量的方法可行。     

RP-HPLC法测定开音颗粒中甘草酸单铵盐的含量

目的 建立RP-HPLC法测定开音颗粒中甘草酸单铵盐含量的方法。方法 采用C18柱，流动相为甲醇-0．2mol／L醋酸铵溶液-冰醋酸(67：33：1)，流速为1．0mL／min，检测波长250nm。结果 平均回收率为97．49％，相对偏差RSD为2．79％(n=5)。结论 该方法操作简便、结果准确，重复性好，可作为该制剂的定量分析方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸雷尼替丁胶囊的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定盐酸雷尼替丁胶囊的含量的方法。方法 用Dikma-C18色谱柱，以甲醇-0．77％醋酸铵（285：115）为流动相，检测波长为320nm。结果 平均回收率为100．07％，RSD=0．03％。结论 本法测定盐酸盐酸雷尼替丁胶囊的含量，方法专属性强，简便，可靠，测定结果准确。     

高效液相色谱法测定金喉健喷雾剂中甘草酸铵的含量

目的:研究HPLC法测定金喉健喷雾剂中甘草酸铵的含量。方法:采用迪马5μm×4.6mm色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸(40:60)为流动相,二极管阵列检测器检测,测定波长为:254nm,通过方法学考察,建立金喉健喷雾剂中甘草酸铵的方法。结果:金喉健喷雾剂中甘草酸铵在70.05~1400.97ng范围内具有良好的线性关系,R=0.9997;平均加样回收率为101.46%;平均每毫升含量为3.03mg,相对标准偏差为0.61%(N=6)。结论:该方法操作简便,结果可靠,重现性好,可作为测定金喉健喷雾剂中甘草酸铵含量的方法。     

止泻丸质量标准研究

目的：研究止泻丸的质量标准。方法：采用薄层色谱法对乌梅、茜草进行鉴别;用高效液相色谱法测定甘草酸含量。结果：薄层分析清晰,斑点圆整;甘草酸单铵盐为1．64～9．83μg时线性关系良好,r=0．9999,平均回收率为100．29％,RSD=1．04％（n=6）。结论：该方法专属、灵敏、重现性好,为该制剂的质量控制提供了有效的方法。     

萆薢分清丸质量标准研究

目的建立萆薢分清丸质量标准。方法采用TLC法对粉萆薢、石菖蒲和益智仁进行了鉴别。用HPLC法测定了制剂中甘草含有的甘草酸含量，采用Kromosi C18柱（5μm，4．6×250mm），流动相为乙腈-0．2mol／L醋酸铵-冰醋酸（28：70：2），检测波长为250nm。结果TLC色谱斑点清晰，甘草酸在0．41μg～3．28μg之间呈良好的线性关系，平均回收率为98．26％，RSD=0．71％。结论所建立的方法简便可行，重现性好，为萆薢分清丸质量控制提供了可靠方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.