肺炎支原体感染与儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘的关系

目的探讨肺炎支原体（MP）感染与儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）发病的关系。方法CVA患儿97例为研究组,上呼吸道感染患儿102例为对照组,分别采用颗粒凝集法检测血清肺炎支原体Igm（MP—IgM）抗体,同时采用同位素放射免疫法测定CVA患儿血清总IgE。结果CVA组MP—IgM阳性率46．39％,对照组MP—IgM阳性率10．78％,2组比较差异有显著性（p〈O．01）。MP—IgM阳性的CVA患儿血清总tgE水平明显高于MP—IgM阴性的CVA患儿（P〈0．01）。结论肺炎支原体感染与儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘密切相关。     

小儿肺炎支原体感染与咳嗽变异性哮喘发病关系的临床研究

目的探讨小儿肺炎支原体（MPW惑染与咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA泼病的关系。方法选择66例CVA患儿为观察组,60例上呼吸道感染患儿为对照组,检测血清肺炎支原体IgM（MP—TgM）抗体、外周血嗜酸粒细胞计数和血清总IgE,比较两组MP—IgM及观察组MP—IgM阳性和阴性患儿的外周血嗜酸粒细胞计数和血清总IgE。观察组MP—IgM阳性患儿予阿奇霉素治疗。结果观察组MP—IgM阳性率为36．36％（24／66）,显著高于对照组11．67％（7／60）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组MP—IgM阳性CVA患儿的血清总IgE水平和外周血嗜酸粒细胞计数均明显高于MP—IgM阴性CVA患儿,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;观察组MP—IgM阳性患儿治疗有效率为95．83％。结论MP感染是CVA发生的危险因素,MP可能诱发并加重CVA,两者间生物学机制仍有待进一步研究,加用大环内酯类的药物进行治疗,效果显著。     

肺炎支原体感染与儿童哮喘的相关性研究

目的：初步探讨肺炎支原体与儿童哮喘的相关性。方法：采用金标快速检测法测定136例哮喘急性发作患儿血清肺炎支原体特异性抗体IgM（MP—IgM）,并选择同期上呼吸道感染患儿138例作为对照。结果：哮喘组MP—IgM阳性率明显高于对照组（χ^2—40．864,P=-0．0000）;7岁以上儿童MP—IgM阳性率最高。结论：肺炎支原体感染与儿童哮喘有密切关系,应注意哮喘急性发作期患儿感染肺炎支原体的可能,阿奇霉素对MP—IgM阳性哮喘疗效显著,可作为有效治疗药物推广应用。     

肺炎支原体感染诱发儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘的临床特征分析

目的：探讨肺炎支原体（MP）感染诱发的儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘临床发病特征。方法：选择2008年1～12月本院小儿呼吸内科确诊的MP感染诱发的儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿38例为观察组,并以同期在本院诊治的非MP感染诱发的儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿32例为对照组,对两组患儿的临床特点、肺外表现等进行分析。结果：MP感染诱发组患儿咳嗽持续时间、咳嗽发作问期、睡眠状况、发热、热程、肺外器官受累的发生率以及住院时间与对照组有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。MP感染诱发组以肺炎为主,而对照组则以上呼吸道感染多见（P〈0．05）。MP感染诱发组采用大环内酯类抗生素联合支气管扩张剂治疗后咳嗽次数明显减少,咳嗽发作间期明显延长,睡眠状况明显改善（P〈0．01）。结论：肺炎支原体是诱发咳嗽变异性哮喘的重要因素之一,具有自己的特征,支气管扩张剂联合大环内酯类抗生素治疗有效。     

小儿支原体肺炎95例临床分析

目的：探讨支原体肺炎的临床特点及治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析支原体肺炎（MPP）患儿95例的临床特点。结果：发热伴咳嗽67例（70．5％）,单纯性咳嗽28例。半数肺部可闻及湿啰音,两肺呈大片状阴影45例（47．4％）。多数患儿（86．3％）外周血白细胞总数正常。血清肺炎支原体特异性IgM抗体（MP—IgM）均阳性。用阿奇霉素治疗2～3周均治愈。结论：MPP好发于儿童,血清学MP—IgM检测是早期诊断的必要手段,阿奇霉素是有效的治疗药物。     

儿童肺炎支原体肺炎诱发支气管哮喘的研究

目的：探讨儿童肺炎支原体感染与支气管哮喘发作的关系,改善临床诊断与治疗的效果。方法：对收治的支气管哮喘患儿98例,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清肺炎支原体IgM（MP—IgM）抗体。结果：①支气管哮喘患儿MP—IgM阳性率为46．9％;②在各年龄组支气管哮喘患儿MP—IgM阳性率比较中,发现学龄期儿童MP—IgM阳性率最高。结论：支气管哮喘患儿要高度警惕支原体感染,应做相关化验检测,明确致病病原体。     

吸入用糖皮质激素联合阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的疗效分析

目的 ：探讨吸入用糖皮质激素联合阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的疗效。方法 ：回顾性选取本院2018年1月～2020年12月收治的肺炎支原体肺炎患儿98例,采用阿奇霉素治疗的49例患儿为对照组,采用吸入用糖皮质激素联合阿奇霉素治疗的49例患儿为观察组,比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后免疫功能[免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)]、血清炎性指标[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)]变化、不良反应。结果：观察组总有效率（93.88%）较对照组（79.59%）高（P<0.05）;治疗后观察组血清IgG、IgM水平低于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗后观察组血清TNF-α、IL-6水平低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组不良反应发生率（12.24%）与对照组（10.20%）相比无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论 ：吸入用糖皮质激素联合阿奇霉素治疗肺炎支原体肺炎患儿,在改善患儿机体免疫、降低炎性反应方面具有明显效果,且疗效显著、安全性高。     

小儿支气管哮喘合并肺炎支原体感染的临床分析

目的:探讨小儿支气管哮喘与肺炎支原体感染的关系,提高小儿支气管哮喘合并支原体感染的诊治水平。方法:对98例支气管哮喘患儿和同期就诊的98例上呼吸道感染患儿进行外周血肺炎支原体特异性抗体IgM(MP-IgM)检测,对比两组支原体抗体阳性率,观察MP-IgM阳性者应用阿奇霉素的治疗效果。结果:观察组MP-IgM阳性率为45.9%,明显高于对照组的17.3%,MP-IgM阳性阿奇霉素治疗组有效率高于常规治疗组。结论:哮喘并肺炎支原体感染的患儿加用阿奇霉素治疗,疗效确切。     

肺炎支原体感染与支气管哮喘的相关性研究

目的:探讨肺炎支原体(MP)感染与支气管哮喘发病的相关性。方法:选择70例支气管哮喘急性发作期患儿作为观察组,同时选择同期70例上呼吸道感染患儿作为对照组;检测两组患儿外周血内血清MP-Ig M抗体。结果:观察组患儿中,MP感染诱发哮喘的患儿作为A组,除常规应用糖皮质激素、支气管扩张剂等改善哮喘症状外,给予阿奇霉素序贯疗法;非MP感染患儿为B组。A组患儿MP-Ig M阳性率高于对照组(P<0.05),喘息反复史、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞计数、咳喘持续时间及住院时间均高于B组患儿(P<0.05)。结论:MP感染与支气管哮喘关系密切,对哮喘急性发作期及控制不良的患儿要考虑MP感染,并常规行支原体抗体检测。     

小儿肺炎支原体感染临床诊治分析

目的探讨小儿肺炎支原体感染临床诊治方法。方法将我院收治的60例肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）患儿随机分为两组,每组30例,观察组采用阿奇霉素治疗;对照组采用红霉素治疗。结果观察组有效率93．3％,高于对照组的63．4％（P〈0．01）。结论MPP症状不典型,临床诊断应以血清MP—IgM检测与临床表现相结合进行综合判断。阿奇霉素治疗安全、有效,是目前治疗小儿肺炎支原体感染的一种较佳药物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.