5—（4—羟基苯基）—1，3，4—恶二唑—2—硫酮的几种曼尼希碱的合成和生物活性

以对羟基苯甲酯乙酯为原料，经肼解、环化合成5－（4－羟基苯基）－1，3，4－恶二唑－2－硫酮，继而经Mannich反应合成了四种新曼尼希碱，其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振和元素分析证实。初步抑菌活性试验表明，显示弱的抑菌活性。     

3—取代—5—羧苯基—四氯—1，3，5—噻二嗪—2—硫酮类化合物的合成

报道了6个新的具抗菌活性的3－取代－5－羧苯基－四氢－1,3,5－噻二嗪－2－硫酮化合物的合成,即用不同的伯胺与氢氧化钾和二硫化碳反应,再与甲醛和对氨基苯甲酸作用而得。     

1—环丙基—6，7—二氟—8—甲氧基—1，4—二氢—4—氧代喹啉羧酸乙酯的制备

合成1－环丙基－6,7－二氟－8－甲氧基－1,4－二氢－4－氧代喹啉羧酸乙酯。以2,4,5－三氟－3－甲氧基苯甲酸为起始原料,经酰氯化,缩合,脱羧,醚化,环丙胺置换,环合得本品。实验收率约48％。本方法制备工艺简单,易操作。     

新的前列腺癌治疗剂17—（5‘—异恶唑基）雄甾—4，16—二烯—3—酮合成方法的改进

17-(5‘-异恶唑基）雄甾－4，16－二烯－3－酮（4，L－39）是最有希望的P45017α和5α－还原酶的双重抑制剂，对前列腺癌及前列腺肥大具有潜在的治疗作用。对其合成路线进行改进，收率极大提高。首先，Claisen缩合物2用羟胺在乙醇中环和得到纯5‘－异恶唑3a，用Swern氧化反应直接氧化3a，然后在在酸中异构化后得到L－39（4）。或者，化合物2在无水甲酸中与羟胺环和得到3－甲酯物（6），后者以改良奥氏氧化法直接氧化生成4－烯－3－酮物（4）。     

4—溴—3，5—二甲氧基苯甲酸的合成工艺研究

目的：研究4－溴－3，5－二甲氧基苯甲酸合成新方法，方法：以天然原料没食子酸为起始原料，经甲基人与溴化反应合成4－溴－3，5－二甲氧基苯甲酸。结果：利用该合成路线得到了目标物质，总收率为31．4％，结论：该合成工艺还需要进一步研究所优化反应条件。提高反应收率。     

1，6—亚己基二缩水甘油酸酯的不对称合成

光学活性的缩水甘油酸钾（4）是不对称合成的重要试剂,在设计和合成新的神经肌肉阻断剂过程中,用1,6－亚己基二甲磺酸酯和（4）（1：2）在18－冠醚－6和HMPA中反应,分别制得光学活性的对称1,6－亚己基缩水甘油酸酯（6b)和（6c),不对称的1,6－亚己基缩水甘油酸酯（6a)的合成分二步进行,首先用（4a)和1,6－亚己基二磺酸酯（1：1）和TEBA和二氯甲烷中反应制得（5）,（5）再和（4b)在18－冠醚－6和HMPA中反应制得（6a)。在合成过程中,若将（5)和（4b)在TEBA和二氯甲烷中反应,除得到（6a)外,还得到一个手性的氯代亚己基单缩水甘油酸酯（7）。     

2—（1—羟基）乙基二氢卟吩f及其醚衍生物的合成和肿瘤光生物活性

以蚕沙叶绿素稳定降解产物二氢卟吩f（2）为关键中间体,设计合成了2－（1－羟基）乙基二氢卟吩f(3a)3及其醚类衍生物3b-3d、4b-4d,其中,3a．4c．4d为新化合物,用UV．IR．^1HNMR和FAB－MS确证了它们的结构。同时测定了目标物3a．4b-4d对小鼠肉瘤－180移植瘤的光动力治疗作用,结果显示：2－（1－羟基）乙基二氢卟吩f醚衍生物4b-4d对小鼠肉瘤－180移植瘤的光动力治疗效果均优于参比药物血卟啉生物（HpD）,且随醚链增长而增强,而3a却无效,这将对进一步的构效关系研究具有重要的意义。     

双（2，6－哌嗪二酮）类抗肿瘤药物的研究：2，3－二乙酰氧基－1，4－二（3′，5′－二酮－N4′－取代哌嗪甲基）苯的合成

双（２，６－哌嗪二酮）类抗肿瘤药物的研究：２，３－二乙酰氧基－１，４－二（３′，５′－二酮－Ｎ４′－取代哌嗪甲基）苯的合成李全，沈旭，邵华武，谢毓元（中国科学院上海药物研究所２０００３１）１９６９年Ｃｒｅｉｇｈｔｏｎ等人试图用ＥＤＴＡ与甲酰胺反应合成...     

1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(N-甲基-N-取代苄基氨基)-2-丙醇的合成及抗真菌活性研究

根据三唑类抗真菌药物作用靶酶－羊毛甾醇14α－去甲基化酶的三维晶体结构和药物与酶活性的位点的对接结果，设计合成了11个1－（1H－1，2，4－三唑－1－基）－2（2，4－二氟苯基）－3－（N－甲基－N－取代苄基氨基）－2－丙醇化合物，11个目标化合物均系首次报道，体外抗真菌活性试验结果表明，所有目标化合物对七种致病真菌都有不同程度的抗真菌活性，而且都比氟康唑的体外抗真菌活性好，化合物11的抗菌谱最广，抗真菌活性最高，对新型隐球菌，白色念珠菌，羊毛状小孢子菌和红色毛癣菌的抗菌活性比酮康唑高，有进一步开发的价值。化合物3，4，10也表现出较高的抗真菌活性。     

HPLC法测定参芪鸡精中2，3，5，4′—四羟基二苯乙烯—2—O—β—D—葡萄糖苷的含量

采用HPLC法测定参芪鸡精中2，3，5，4′－四羟基二苯乙烯－2－O－β－D－葡萄糖苷的含量。色谱条件：用十八烷基烷键合硅胶为填充剂；乙腈－0.1%（V／V）磷酸（25：75）为流动相，检测波长320nm;8－40μg/ml范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9996）；平均回收率93.5%，RSD＝3.5%(n=5）。     

Design,synthesis and antibacterial potential of 5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-tert-butyl-1-substituted-4,5-dihydropyrazoles

A series of 5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-3-tert-butyl-1-substituted-4,5-dihydropyrazole derivatives 4a–e and 6a–g have been synthesized and spectrally characterized. The antibacterial activity of the novel candidates has been screened using the agar diffusion test. These compounds were endowed with high antibacterial activity against different Gram +ve and Gram −ve bacteria when compared with standard antibacterial drugs. In the light of zone of inhibition and MIC results, Sarcina and Staphylococcus aureus are the most sensitive bacteria where pyrrolidinomethanone derivative 4e showed MICs at 80 and 110 nM, respectively. While hydroxypiperidinoethanone derivative 6c showed MIC at 90 nM for Sarcina.     

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New 2-(3-(4-Aryl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) Chroman-4-ones

Seven new 2-(3-(4-aryl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) chroman-4-ones (4a-4g) have been synthesized by cyclization of 2-hydroxychalcone analogues of pyrazole 3a-3g using conc. HCl in acetic acid. The structures of the compounds 4a-4g were established by the combined use of (1)HNMR, IR and mass spectra. All the seven compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial activity against two Gram positive bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and two Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compounds 4b, 4c, 4e, 4f, 4g have displayed good antibacterial activity when compared with commercially available antibiotic, ciprofloxacin. These compounds also were screened for their antifungal activity against two ear pathogenic fungi, namely Aspergillus Niger and A. flavus. The compounds 4a, 4c, 4d, 4g exhibited good antifungal activity when compared with commercially available antifungal, fluconazole.     

Intramolecular nucleophilic amino attack in a monobactam: synthesis and stability of (2S,3S)- 3-[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido]-2-methyl-4-oxo-1- azetidinesulfo nic acid

The potentially orally bioavailable arylglycine-substituted monobactam, (2S,3S)- 3-[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido]-2-methyl-4-oxo-1- azetidinesulfonic acid, was prepared as a crystalline solid. No significant antibacterial activity [i.e., MICs were greater than 128 (micrograms/mL)] was found when the monobactam was tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Solution instability (greater than 2,000 times less stable than aztreonam) due to intramolecular nucleophilic amine attack on the beta-lactam is believed to be a contributing factor to the poor microbiological activity.     

3-(4-氨基-5-甲基-均三唑-3-硫基)-1-苯丙-1-酮-O-(5-取代苯基-［1,3,4］噁二唑-2-甲基)肟的合成及抗菌活性

目的研究氨基杂环肟类化合物的合成方法和抗菌活性。方法用4-氨基-3-甲基-5-巯基-［1,2,4］三唑与β-氯苯丙酮缩合、肟化、醚化得3-(4-氨基-5-甲基-均三唑-3-硫基)-1-苯丙-1-酮-O-(5-取代苯基-［1,3,4］噁二唑-2-甲基)肟醚目标化合物。用二倍试管稀释方法研究了目标化合物的体外抑菌活性。结果合成了12个新化合物，其结构经MS，IR，¹H NMR和元素分析确证。10个目标化合物在体外有一定的抗菌活性。结论该类杂环化合物有待进一步的结构优化研究。     

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-amino-6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-8-methylquinolonecarboxylic acid antibacterials having fluorinated 7-[(3R)-3-(1-aminocyclopropan-1-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl] substituents

A series of novel 5-amino-6-fluoro-1-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropan-1-yl]-8-methylquinolones bearing fluorinated (3R)-3-(1-aminocyclopropan-1-yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl substituents at the C-7 position (2-4) was synthesized to obtain potent drugs for infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens, which include resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). These fluorinated compounds 2-4 exhibited potent antibacterial activity comparable with that of a compound bearing a non-fluorinated (3R)-3-(1-aminocyclopropan-1-yl)pyrrolidine moiety at the C-7 position (1) and had at least 4 times more potent activity against representative Gram-positive bacteria than ciprofloxacin (CPFX), gatifloxacin (GFLX), or moxifloxacin (MFLX). Among them, the 7-[(3S,4R)-4-(1-aminocyclopropan-1-yl)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl] derivative 3 (=DQ-113), which showed favorable profiles in preliminary toxicological and nonclinical pharmcokinetic studies, exhibited potent antibacterial activity against clinically isolated resistant Gram-positive pathogens.     

Urinary metabolites of 3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3-(1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,2-benzisoxazole in the dog.

The antiprotozoal drug 3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3-(1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1,2-benzisoxazole (I), which exhibits activity against trypanosomiasis, is also antibacterial in vivo. Since the urine from a dog dosed with I showed a broader spectrum of antibacterial activity than I itself, metabolites from this urine were isolated and partially characterized. The metabolites were mono- and dihydroxy-substituted species with the hydroxyl groups on carbons 4--7 of the hexahydrobenzisoxazole ring. These observations led to the synthesis of several such hydroxy derivatives of I, and their properties fully supported the proposed positions of metabolic hydroxylation. One synthetic compound, the 6,7-cis-dihydroxy compound, exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Salmonella schottmuelleri in mice and greater trypanocidal activity in vivo against Trypanosoma cruzi (Brazil strain) than I.     

7-(7-氨甲基-5-氮杂螺［2,4］庚烷-5-基)-1-环丙基-6-氟-8-甲氧基-1,4-二氢-4-氧代喹啉-3-羧酸及其类似物的合成与抗菌作用7-(7-氨甲基-5-氮杂螺［2,4］庚烷-5-基)-1-环丙基-6-氟-8-甲氧基-1,4-二氢-4-氧代喹啉-3-羧酸及其类似物的合成与抗菌作用

目的寻找新的广谱、高效、低毒喹诺酮类抗菌药物。方法设计合成7-(7-氨甲基-5-氮杂螺［2,4］庚烷-5-基)-1-环丙基-6-氟-8-甲氧基-1,4-二氢-4-氧代喹啉-3-羧酸及其类似物,测定其体内外活性。结果共合成了20个新化合物,经¹HNMR,MS和HRMS确证其结构。其中5个目标化合物(22～26)有广谱活性,尤其对革兰氏阳性菌具有很强的活性。其中化合物24对所试的13株革兰氏阳性菌的MIC值均0.03 mg·L^-1,其活性优于对照药克林沙星和加替沙星,对所试的6株革兰氏阴性菌,其活性相当于或低于对照药。结论化合物(22～26)值得进一步评价。     

Synthesis of new 2-substituted-[1,3,4]-oxadiazino-[6,5-b]-indoles with H1-antihistaminic,antimuscarinic and antimicrobial activity [corrected

New 2-substituted-[1,3,4]-oxadiazino-[5,6-b]-indoles have been prepared and tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, H1-antihistaminic and antimuscarinic activities. Among them, compounds 5b, 5d, 5k exhibited higher H1-antihistaminic activity than pheniramine maleate. Compounds 5c, 5d showed higher antibacterial activity than ampicillin against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli, respectively.     

A novel antibacterial 8-chloroquinolone with a distorted orientation of the N1-(5-amino-2,4-difluorophenyl) group

Fluoroquinolones represent a major class of antibacterial agents with great therapeutic potential. In this study, we designed m-aminophenyl groups as novel N-1 substituents of naphthyridones and quinolones. Among newly synthesized compounds, 7-(3-aminoazetidin-1-yl)-1-(5-amino-2,4-difluorophenyl)-8-chloro-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (4) has extremely potent antibacterial activities against Gram (+) as well as Gram (-) bacteria. This compound is significantly more potent than trovafloxacin against clinical isolates: 30 times against Streptococcus pneumoniae and 128 times against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that a limited combination of 1-(5-amino-2,4-difluorophenyl) group, 7-(azetidin-1-yl) group, and 8-Cl atom (or Br atom or Me group) gave potent antibacterial activity. An X-ray crystallographic study of a 7-(3-ethylaminoazetidin-1-yl)-8-chloro derivative demonstrated that the N-1 aromatic group was remarkably distorted out of the core quinolone plane by steric repulsion between the C-8 Cl atom and the N-1 substituent. Furthermore, a molecular modeling study of 4 and its analogues demonstrated that a highly distorted orientation was induced by a steric hindrance of the C-8 substituent, such as Cl, Br, or a methyl group. Thus, their highly strained conformation should be a key factor for the potent antibacterial activity.     

Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of new (Z)-3-bromo-4-(1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)but-3-en-2-ones and 4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazoles

Bromination of 4-(1, 3-diaryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) but-3-en-2-ones, triggered by a combination of potassium bromide and cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate in a biphasic system consisting of water and dichloromethane furnishes the corresponding monobromo compounds 2 directly, instead of the expected dibromo compounds. The α-bromo compounds 2 were utilized as efficient precursors for the synthesis of several bipyrazolyl derivatives, 4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1, 3-diaryl-1H-pyrazoles (3). All the α-bromoenones 2 and bipyrazoles 3 are new compounds and their identity was established by m.p., spectral and analytical data. The new products 2 and 3 were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis (Gram positive), Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram negative) and antifungal activity against Aspergilus flavus and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activity of the tested compounds is compared with the commercially available antibiotic, ciprofloxacin and antifungal agent, fluconazole.