颈前路椎体次全切除钛网植骨锁定钢板内固定术治疗双节段脊髓型颈椎病

目的探讨颈前路椎体次全切除钛网植骨锁定钢板内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法对36例双节段脊髓型颈椎病患者采用颈前路椎体次全切除钛网植骨锁定钢板内固定术治疗。对术前和术后6、12个月的JOA评分进行比较,计算术后6、12个月的神经功能改善率,评价术后植骨融合情况。结果 36例均获随访,时间12~18个月。JOA评分:术前为8.8分±1.0分,术后6个月为12.8分±1.6分,术后12个月为13.2分±1.4分,术后6、12个月与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。改善率:术后6、12个月分别为56.6%±9.8%和57.9%±10.1%。术后3个月31例(86.1%)植骨融合,术后6个月36例全部植骨融合。结论颈前路椎体次全切除钛网植骨锁定钢板内固定术治疗双节段脊髓型颈椎病疗效确切。     

颈前路减压钛网带锁钢板重建对颈椎损伤和颈椎病作用的评价

目的评价运用颈椎前路减压钛网加带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎伤病的临床效果.方法从2000年1月-2000年6月,运用钛网植骨、带锁钢板内固定重建技术,治疗17例颈椎损伤和颈椎病的病人.结果随访6～28个月,术后JOA评分改善平均13.6分.结论钛网加带锁钢板固定对颈椎伤病有良好固定作用,避免取髂骨,可显著提高植骨融合率,有效地维持椎间高度和生理曲度,有利于颈椎伤病患者的神经功能恢复和尽早行走.     

前路减压内固定治疗颈椎疾病的临床总结

目的 对前路减压融合钛板内固定治疗颈椎疾病临床分析.方法 2001年7月至2005年12月施行颈椎前路减压融合钛板内固定手术治疗颈椎伤病38例,其中颈椎骨折14例,颈椎病23例,颈椎肿瘤1例,比较术前术后症状改善情况.结果 随访2～24个月,平均10个月,术后症状明显改善和完全消失,JOA评分术后优良率84.2%.Frankel分级脊髓神经症状较术前平均提高1级以上.结论 颈前路减压植骨融合加钛板内固定术,植骨固定牢固,可提高植骨融合率,术后可长期维持颈椎生理曲度和高度,疗效确切.     

Secuplate颈前路钢板系统在脊髓型颈椎病手术中的应用

目的观察Secuplate颈前路钢板在脊髓型颈椎病手术中的作用和疗效。方法对26例脊髓型颈椎病患者行颈前路减压植骨、Secuplate颈前路钢板内固定术。术后随访观察神经功能恢复情况、植骨融合率及有无植入物并发症。结果术后进行6～12个月(平均8个月)随访。术后症状明显缓解、脊髓功能明显改善者23例,占88%。术后6个月植骨融合率达到100%。无钢板和螺钉松动或断裂现象存在。结论应用颈前路减压植骨、Secuplate颈前路钢板系统内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病具有以下优点:可获得术后颈椎即刻稳定,防止植骨块移位,术后无需行石膏固定,能显著提高植骨融合率。     

颈前路椎间融合术限制型与半限制型钢板内固定治疗颈椎病的比较研究

目的比较颈前路椎间融合术中限制型与半限制型钢板内固定治疗颈椎病术后维持颈椎前凸和椎间高度的差异。方法回顾性分析自2002-01—2014-12诊治的62例脊髓型颈椎病,其中28例行颈前路减压+钛网植骨融合+限制型钢板内固定术(限制型钢板组),34例行颈前路减压+钛网植骨融合+半限制型钢板内固定术(半限制型钢板组),比较2组术后植骨融合率、颈椎曲度、椎间高度及JOA评分。结果 62例均获得随访8~12个月,平均11个月。2组植骨材料(钛网)均与相邻椎体骨性融合。半限制型钢板组术后1年Cobb角较术后3 d增加幅度更大,差异有统计学意义(t=-9.894,P0.001)。2组术后1年与术后3 d的D值与融合节段椎体高度变化差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后3 d(t=0.801,P=0.426)与术后1年(t=0.437,P=0.663)的JOA评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论限制型与半限制型钢板均可提供颈前路椎间融合术后颈椎的稳定性直至植骨材料(钛网)与相邻椎体骨性融合。钛网植骨和半限制型钢板共同使用时,更容易发生融合节段曲度的丢失。     

前路钢板结合钛网植骨在不稳定型下颈椎骨折治疗中的应用

目的观察钛网结合钛钢板内固定治疗不稳定型下颈椎骨折的临床效果。方法对36例不稳定型下颈椎骨折患者应用前路减压、钛网植骨加前路钢板固定,并对其疗效进行评价。结果所有患者随访4~28个月,平均随访17个月,按Frankel评分标准进行术前术后神经功能评定;围手术期无明显并发症,植骨均在术后12周达到临床愈合,颈椎生理曲度保持良好,无椎间盘高度的丢失,钛网无下沉、移位,钢板及螺钉无松动,无神经、血管并发症。术后3.5个月开始出现融合迹象,术后1年骨融合良好。结论不稳定型下颈椎骨折应用前路颈椎钢板固定技术结合钛网植骨治疗,颈椎生理曲度得到恢复,术后颈椎即时稳定性好,并能维持有效的椎间高度,植骨易于融合。通过自体椎体开槽减压取骨或加异体骨植骨避免了髂骨取骨所带来的损伤及手术时间的延长,且住院时间短,有利于患者的早期下床活动和功能恢复。手术病例及方法的选择应根据患者是否有致压因素及颈椎稳定性等情况综合考虑。     

前路钢板固定结合钛网自体骨加异体骨移植治疗颈椎骨折

目的观察钛网容纳自体骨加异体松质骨结合钛钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折的临床效果。方法采用钛网容纳自体骨加异体松质骨,结合钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折42例。结果随访4～28个月,平均随访17个月,按JOA评分标准进行术前术后神经功能评定;根据手术前后颈椎X线片判断颈椎生理曲度的恢复,钛网有无下沉、移位及骨融合情况。围手术期无明显并发症,脊髓功能有不同程度改善,颈椎生理曲度部分或全部恢复,钛网无下沉、移位,钢板及螺钉无松动,术后3.5个月开始出现融合迹象,术后1年骨融合良好。结论颈椎骨折采用前路颈椎钢板固定技术结合钛网自体骨加异体松质骨移植治疗,颈椎生理曲度得到恢复,术后颈椎即时稳定性好,通过自体椎体开槽减压取骨加异体骨植骨,避免了髂骨取骨所带来的损伤及手术时间的延长,骨融合率高,患者康复快。     

前路椎体次全切钛网植骨钢板内固定治疗颈椎病的疗效观察

[目的]探讨前路椎体次全切减压钛网植骨钛板内固定治疗颈椎病的临床方法和疗效.[方法]2002年1月～2008年7月,作者采用颈前路椎体次全切除减压、钛网植骨融合、钛板内固定术治疗颈椎病69例.观察手术前后的症状、体征,使用JOA法进行神经功能评定,摄颈椎正侧位X线片,测量椎间高度.[结果]69例均得到随访,除2例术后出现短暂神经根症状加重外,其他患者术后临床症状均有不同程度的改善.术后3个月和24个月随访JOA评分都较术前明显提高,X线片显示全部病例术后颈椎生理曲度得到明显恢复,在术后24个月时均获得植骨融合,且椎间高度均有较好的恢复和维持.未发生伤口感染、钛板断裂、螺钉松动以及钛网下沉或移位等并发症.[结论]钛网植骨在重建颈椎稳定、维持椎间高度和生理曲度、提高植骨融合率等方面具有优势,为颈前路植骨提供了一种选择.     

颈前路减压Slim-Loc钢板内固定治疗脊髓型颈椎病

目的探讨Slim—Loc颈前路钛板系统在脊髓型颈椎病手术治疗中的应用价值。方法对8例脊髓型颈椎病患者采用经颈前路减压、植骨融合及Slim—Loc钛板系统内固定术。结果8例均获随访，时间7个月～1年，平均；个月。术后症状明显缓解，术后6个月植骨融合率达到100％，平均植骨融合时间为12周。无钢板和螺钉松动及断裂。结论脊髓型颈椎病采用前路减压植骨融合，加用Slim-Loc钛板系统内固定，具有减压彻底、植骨牢靠、显著提高植骨融合率等优点，可获得术后颈椎即刻稳定，操作简便、安全，并发症少。     

前路带锁钢板联合钛笼植骨融合术治疗下颈椎骨折脱位

目的评价前路带锁钢板系统结合钛笼内植骨融合治疗颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤的临床疗效及应用价值。方法对25例颈椎骨折脱位并脊髓损伤患者行颈椎前路减压、钛笼内植骨,纯钛带锁钢板内固定术,神经功能按JOA评分,于术前、术后1年余对所有病例均进行评分。结果25例患者全部获得随访,平均随访时间15．5个月。骨折、脱位复位均满意,植骨于术后3个月融合,无钢板螺钉松动、断裂、钛笼陷入椎体内等并发症,术后1年JOA评分恢复率为（69．2±12．5）％。结论应用前路带锁钢板系统结合钛笼内植骨融合术治疗颈椎骨折脱位,能充分保证固定节段的稳定性,植骨融合率高,有效地维持了椎问高度和生理曲度,使脊髓在相对生理环境下达到最大程度的功能恢复,在颈髓损伤中有较大的应用价值,远期效果还有待于进一步观察。     

颈前路减压支撑融合钢板内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病

目的 探讨颈前路减压、椎体间植骨支撑融合或颈椎椎间融合器（钛网或Cage）支撑融合、钢板内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床方法及疗效。方法 回顾分析66例脊髓型颈椎病患者行颈前路减压后,分别采取骼骨植骨支撑融合、颈椎间融合器（钛网或Cage）植入支撑融合,钢板内固定术,随访时间平均32个月,采用Zdeblick影像学判定椎体间融合的标准,贾连顺的评定法评定术后临床疗效。结果 在颈前路减压、钢板内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病方法中,自体骼骨植骨融合优良率87．5％,供区并发症12．1％,椎间盘退变椎问高度丢失7．6％;颈椎间融合器支撑融合优良率96．1％,无供区并发症和椎问盘退变椎间高度丢失。结论 颈前路减压、椎体间植骨融合或颈椎间融合器支撑融合、钢板内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病临床疗效满意。钢板内固定术后颈椎即刻稳定;植骨融合手术操作简单,费用少,但存在供区并发症、椎问高度丢失;椎间融合器融合稳定、牢固,椎间高度丢失少,后者疗效优于前者。     

Anterior cervical reconstruction using titanium cages with anterior plating.

STUDY DESIGN: A preliminary outcome assessment study of titanium cage implants with anterior cervical plating in anterior cervical reconstruction. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using titanium cage implants and anterior plating in cervical reconstruction. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Anterior decompression and interbody fusion is a widely accepted surgical treatment for patients with cervical spondylosis. Tricortical iliac crest autograft has been the gold standard but is associated with morbidity at the bone graft donor site, whereas allograft fibula is associated with pseudarthrosis. Problems such as pseudarthrosis, graft collapse, and extrusion still persist with the accepted method of harvesting and implanting bone autografts. METHODS: Thirty-four patients were treated by channel corpectomy followed by placement of a titanium cage packed with autogenous bone graft from the vertebral bodies to reconstruct the anterior column. An anterior cervical plate was added in 30 of 34 cases that involved decompression of two or more levels. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 56 months, with an average follow-up period of 32 months, and included examination and radiography. RESULTS: Six months after surgery, there was radiographic evidence of fusion in 97% of the patients. Eighty-eight percent of the patients (30 of 34) did not experience any complications (neither cage dislodgment nor hardware failure). Four patients had complications that included pseudarthrosis (1), extruded cage (1), cage in kyphosis (1), and radiculopathy (1). CONCLUSIONS: Titanium cages provide immediate strong anterior column support with minimum hardware complications and avoid bone graft-site morbidity. Titanium cages, with concomitant use of anterior plating, offer an effective and safe alternative to bone autografts.     

Single stage anterior cervical reconstruction with titanium mesh cages, local bone graft, and anterior plating.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: After cervical corpectomy, the use of tricortical autologous bone to fill the large defect is biomechanically and structurally inadequate and may lead to excessive donor site pain and morbidity. The major alternative, fibular strut allograft, has inherent problems that lead to lower rates of solid arthrodesis and graft migration. Majd et al. reported on 34 cases with a 97% solid fusion rate using titanium mesh cages and local bone graft to fill the cervical corpectomy defect. PURPOSE: With long-term results, to confirm the results previously reported by Majd et al. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Retrospective chart and radiological review. PATIENT SAMPLE: The first 26 patients in the senior author's practice eligible for a minimum 2-year follow-up, having had cervical corpectomy reconstructed with titanium mesh cages, local bone graft and anterior plating. OUTCOME MEASURES: Odom's criteria were used to assess clinical outcome. Anteroposterior, lateral and lateral flexion and extension radiographs were used to assess fusion. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with multilevel cervical pathology underwent successful corpectomy, decompression and fusion with titanium mesh cages filled with local bone graft. Rigid anterior plating was applied across the corpectomy defect. Preoperative, operative and postoperative chart data were collected retrospectively. Radiographic assessment included a minimum 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: Follow-up ranged from 24 to 64 months. Clinically, 21 of 26 (80.7%) had an excellent or good clinical outcome. No radiolucencies or motion were detected on radiographic analysis, yielding a fusion rate of 100% (26 of 26). Broken or pulled out screws were identified in two patients, one of whom had plate revision. All cages remained intact with no evidence of cage settling or collapse. CONCLUSIONS: The use of titanium mesh cages in conjunction with local bone graft, and rigid anterior plating is effective for cervical reconstruction after corpectomy and a viable alternative to the use of fibular strut allograft. These results confirm those previously reported by Majd et al.     

Pitfalls of anterior cervical fusion using titanium mesh and local autograft

Cervical fusion cages have been developed to provide an anterior structural support without harvesting tricortical iliac bone. Limited numbers of investigations have focused on pitfalls of anterior cervical fusion using cage implants. The objective of this study is to report clinical results and implant-related complications in anterior cervical fusion using titanium mesh and anterior plating. Twenty-four cases with anterior cervical fusion using a titanium mesh with local autograft and anterior plating were reviewed. One-level fusion was performed in 7 cases, and 17 patients underwent two-level fusion with corpectomy. The mean follow-up period was 27 months. Radiographic assessment included sagittal alignment, fusion status, and complications related to cage implants. Iliac bone graft harvesting was obviated in all the patients, whereas 15 patients required concomitant use of ceramic bone substitute. Sagittal alignment of the operative level was lordotic in 19 cases (79%) and neutral in 5 cases (21%) at the final follow-up. No late kyphotic collapse was observed. Twenty-three cases (96%) achieved a solid fusion, whereas the time to fusion was averaged 6.2 months. Cage subsidence frequently occurred in 42% of upper vertebrae and 50% of lower vertebrae. The use of titanium mesh and local autograft for anterior cervical fusion obviated the need for harvesting iliac bone block and provided structural anterior column support. However, it required a longer period to achieve a solid fusion when compared with tricortical iliac autograft. Cage subsidence was frequently observed in the early postoperative period.     

颈椎椎体次全切除钛网钉板系统的临床应用

目的探讨颈椎前路椎体次全切除钛网钉板植骨融合的临床效果。方法自2001年3月～2003年3月间应用颈前路椎体次全切除钛网植骨融合及钉板固定治疗颈椎管狭窄性疾病22例，其中4例患者行2椎体次全切除3节椎间隙减压手术。术后观察减压、固定、融合及神经功能恢复情况，并行X线摄片或CT扫描检查。结果患者获6～12个月随访，神经功能得到不同程度改善，无加重情况。椎间隙高度无丢失、无成角，均获得骨性融合。术后3d在颈围领固定下下床活动，4周后可恢复较轻工作。结论此术式可避免传统手术方法的缺点，即不取自体髂骨，融合率高，稳定性好，并减压彻底，疗效好，是一种值得推广的新技术。     

Implantation of a distractible titanium cage after cervical corpectomy: technical experience in 20 consecutive cases

BACKGROUND: This prospective observational study was undertaken to investigate the advantages, the safety, and the drawbacks of reconstructing a cervical corpectomy with a distractible corpectomy cage. According to the author's literature search, this is the second clinical report on a distractible cervical corpectomy cage. METHOD: 20 Consecutive patients underwent a single- or multi-level cervical corpectomy for spondylotic myelopathy, traumatic fracture, or tumor. The corpectomy defect was reconstructed by means of a distractible titanium cage, and local bone from the corpectomy was layed around the cage for fusion. An anterior cervical plate and/or a posterior lateral mass or pedicle screw fixation was added in all patients. The average follow-up was 14 months, and all patients had at least 12 months of follow-up. FINDINGS: No hardware failure occurred in any of the patients. Construct stability was achieved in 19 out of 20 patients (95%) at 12 months postoperatively. The mean regional lordosis was 1 degrees preoperatively, 9 degrees postoperatively, and 7 degrees at the follow-up. Mean neck pain on a VAS was 3.9 preoperatively, and 2.6 at 12 months. There were three perioperative complications: transient neurological worsening in one patient, one transient vocal cord paralysis, and persistent dysphagia in one patient. CONCLUSION: A single- or multi-level cervical corpectomy can be safely and effectively reconstructed by a distractible titanium cage and local bone graft in combination with anterior cervical plating and/or posterior lateral mass/pedicle screw fixation. Potential advantages of this technique are an unforced cage insertion in its non-distracted position, press-fitting the cage into the corpectomy defect through cage distraction, correction of kyphosis or preservation of local lordosis through cage distraction, and the absence of donor site morbidity. However, the stability rate in the current series did not exceed the fusion rates of auto- or allografts.     

神经根型颈椎病的颈前路显微外科治疗

目的回顾采用前路显微外科减压椎体融合钢板固定术治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法 2000年9月~2002年9月,对54例退变性神经根型颈椎病患者,应用显微外科技术行颈前路椎管减压术,并采用颈椎椎间融合器加颈椎钢板内固定的方法治疗。男31例,女23例;年龄38~65岁,平均45.2岁。病程5~19个月,平均13.4个月。病变节段:C3、43例,C4、525例,C5、621例,C6、75例。1个节段39例,2个节段15例。术前Cobb角为0.80±0.31°。结果术后切口均期愈合,无椎动脉损伤、神经损伤、脑脊液漏等并发症发生。2例术后2周内出现短期吞咽不适,1例出现声嘶,均自行恢复。1例术后即出现上肢疼痛加剧,保守治疗1个月后缓解。54例获随访12~36个月,平均16.4个月。X线片示无钢板螺钉折断、植入物滑脱。53例骨性融合,1例最后1次随访时未融合,融合率98.2%。Cobb角术后为5.50±0.22°,最后1次随访时为5.20±0.17°,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。采用Odom' s标准评定临床疗效:优24例,良22例,可8例,优良率85.2%。结论颈前入路显微外科手术治疗1~2个节段椎间盘突出或/和退行性骨赘引起的神经根型颈椎病安全可行,近期疗效满意。保留终板的椎间融合器椎体融合加钢板固定手术能恢复和维持颈椎生理曲度,促进融合。     

Anterior decompression and plate fixation in treatment of cervical myelopathy: A multicentric retrospective review

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results on anterior decompression and fusion with titanium mesh or expanding cage and plate fixation in patients with cervical myelopathy.

新型翼形钛网在颈椎病手术治疗中的初步临床应用

[目的]评价一种新型翼形钛网在退行性颈椎病前路手术中应用的临床效果。[方法]应用该椎间融合器治疗退变性颈椎病27例,男18例,女9例;颈椎间盘突出(herniation of cervical disc,CDH)19例,后纵韧带钙化(ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL)8例;单节段病变21例,双节段病变6例。术前均经X线及MRI排除骨折、脱位。手术方式采用椎体次全切除减压,新型翼形钛网内植骨及螺钉内固定。[结果]本组27例随访6~14个月,平均10个月,植骨融合时间平均10周,术后3、6及12个月复查X线未见钛网松动、脱出、塌陷。[结论]该翼形钛网内固定植入能提供颈椎次全切除后脊柱即时稳定性,术后可避免钛网移位,塌陷、脱出。手术操作简单安全,不需取髂骨,同时减轻患者经济负担。且为弹性固定,骨融合率高。     

一期前后联合手术治疗严重颈椎后纵韧带骨化症

目的　评价一期前后联合手术治疗严重颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的疗效和可行性。方法　采用一期前后联合手术减压内固定治疗颈椎OPLL 12例 ,连续型 6例 ,节段型 2例 ,混合型 4例。合并发育性椎管狭窄 10例 ,OPLL累及节段为 2～ 5节 ,平均 3.5节。前路采用Orion带锁钢板 6例 ,Zephir带锁钢板 6例 ,前路减压后采用自体骨移植 5例 ,采用钛网加自体骨移植 7例 ,后路均采用Axis钛板螺钉 ,其中采用侧块螺钉 4例 ,颈椎椎弓根螺钉 8例。结果　疗效按JOA评分标准评定。 10例患者术后第 2天诉双上肢痛感明显好转 ,手握力增加 ,术后 1周四肢肌力和肌张力均有不同程度改善 ,膝踝阵挛明显减轻 ,评分提高 3～ 6分。术后脊髓功能平均改善率为 5 5 .6 % ,1例术后出现双上肢肌力减弱 ,3周后肌力增强并超过术前水平 ,另 1例术后出现右上肢C5,6神经不全瘫 ,随访 2年恢复 ,2例术后伤口感染 ,经二次清创换药愈合。随访 3月～ 3年 ,脊髓功能平均改善率为 75 .6 %。无钢板松动 ,植骨块脱出并发症 ,经椎弓根螺钉固定者术后经斜位及CT检查发现 1例颈7椎弓根螺钉位置稍差 ,但无神经血管并发症。部分患者术后做了MRI检查 ,显示颈椎管截面积显著扩大 ,脊髓或硬膜前、后方均得到充分减压。结论　一期前后联合手术内固定治疗颈椎OPLL是一较好