经腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿

经腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿7例。其中行阑尾切除术3例,手术时间平均42.3分钟;行脓肿引流术4例,手术时间平均41.1分钟,术中引出脓液25～250ml。引流术后二期经腹腔镜阑尾切除术1例,手术时间39分钟。无中转开腹,无术后并发症。经腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿技术可行,具有损伤小、恢复快、瘢痕小等优点,较非手术治疗可缩短阑尾周围脓肿的病程,较开腹手术可减少切口感染及避免切口裂开的发生。     

腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿的体会

目的探讨腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿的临床效果。方法对33例阑尾周围脓肿患者实施腹腔镜手术,观察治疗效果及术后并发症发生情况。结果本组28例行I期阑尾切除、病灶清除及腹腔引流术。5例I期脓肿引流后择期行腹腔镜阑尾切除术。手术均顺利完成,无中转开腹病例。手术时间(58.52±10.64)min,术后白细胞恢复正常时间(2.9±0.62)d。术后发生炎性肠梗阻1例,经腹部热敷、胃肠减压及营养支持等保守治疗后痊愈。未发生出血、切口感染、腹腔残余脓肿等并发症。均恢复顺利,痊愈出院,住院时间(5.98±0.72)d。结论腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿,创伤小、并发症发生率低、术后恢复快、安全性高。     

腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿31例

目的 探讨腹腔镜阑尾周围脓肿清除联合阑尾切除术的可行性.方法 2010年3月～ 2012年12月行腹腔镜阑尾周围脓肿清除联合阑尾切除术治疗阑尾周围脓肿31例,腹腔镜下腹腔探查,清除脓肿,寻找阑尾,处理阑尾残端.结果 31例均行脓肿清除联合阑尾切除,无中转开腹.手术时间40 ～120 min,平均55 min.无出血、肠漏、切口感染、门静脉炎等并发症发生.病理结果均为急性坏疽性阑尾炎.术后7～12 d出院.31例随访6个月,无残端炎、腹痛发生.结论 腹腔镜阑尾周围脓肿清除联合阑尾切除术治疗阑尾周围脓肿技术可行.     

腹腔镜治疗阑尾周围脓肿25例报告

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿的手术方法及临床疗效。方法：回顾分析2010年4月至2013年4月为25例阑尾周围脓肿患者行腹腔镜手术的临床资料。其中18例行阑尾切除加脓肿病灶清除术，7例行脓肿引流术。结果：25例均顺利完成腹腔镜手术，手术时间平均（60．25±30．12）min，平均住院（7．53±3．44）d。术后2例发生切口脂肪津化，切口延迟愈合：余均无并发症发生。结论：腹腔镜手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿是安全、可行的，应根据患者病情采取合适的术式。     

腹腔镜一期阑尾切除治疗阑尾周围脓肿的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜一期阑尾切除术在治疗阑尾周围脓肿中的应用价值。方法对比57例腹腔镜一期阑尾切除术治疗阑尾脓肿与同期57例通过开腹手术治疗阑尾脓肿的临床资料。结果腹腔镜组57例中有55例行一期腹腔镜阑尾切除术,中转开腹2例,手术时间(36.4±6.1)min,切口长度(2.5±1.5)cm,术后禁食时间(18.9±6.5)h,置管引流时间(3.1±0.8)d,术后住院时间(5.0±1.1)d,无1例使用镇痛剂,无1例切口感染。开腹组,手术时间(53.7±7.2)min,切口长度(6.5±1.0)cm,术后禁食时间(38.6±9.6)h,置管引流时间(5.8±0.9)d,术后住院时间(8.9±1.8)d,21例使用镇痛剂,4例切口感染。结论腹腔镜一期阑尾切除治疗阑尾脓肿,该技术安全可靠、损伤小、恢复快、住院时间短、切口感染率低,减少了二期手术率,可以在临床上推广应用。     

阑尾周围脓肿优化治疗方案的临床研究

目的:对比阑尾周围脓肿三种手术治疗方式的优越性,以期找到较理想的手术治疗方式。方法:2007年6月至2012年6月收治阑尾周围脓肿患者120例,随机分为三组,第一组行单纯开腹脓肿引流术(单纯引流组),第二组行开腹阑尾切除术(open appendectomy,OA)+引流术(开腹组),第三组行腹腔镜阑尾切除术+引流术(腹腔镜组)。对比3组患者术后肠功能恢复时间、血象变化情况、住院时间、住院费用、并发症发生情况。结果:腹腔镜组与其他两组相比,在肠功能恢复时间、血象恢复正常时间、住院费用方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但住院时间、并发症方面显著优于其他两组(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜阑尾切除术+引流术是治疗阑尾周围脓肿高效、实用的术式,具有患者创伤小、术后康复快、并发症少的优点,可作为首选治疗方式。     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗阑尾周围脓肿的临床效果观察

目的比较开腹与腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗阑尾周围脓肿的效果。方法随机将52例阑尾周围脓肿患者分为2组,每组26例。腔镜组采用腹腔镜阑尾切除术,开腹组采用开腹阑尾切除术。比较2组的治疗效果。结果 2组患者均顺利完成手术。2组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。腔镜组术中出血量、并发症发生率、术后抗生素应用时间、住院时间均优于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论传统开腹与应用腹腔镜实施阑尾切除术治疗阑尾周围脓肿均有可靠效果。但腹腔镜手术微创性更好、患者术后并发症少、恢复时间更短,安全性更为可靠。在严格掌握手术适应证的基础上可作为阑尾周围脓肿的首选治疗方案。     

腹腔镜手术治疗复杂性阑尾炎

目的 总结腹腔镜手术治疗复杂性阑尾炎的经验.方法 2008年2月～ 2012年2月对87例复杂性阑尾炎(坏疽、穿孔性阑尾炎或阑尾周围脓肿形成)行腹腔镜手术,术式包括腹腔镜阑尾切除联合腹腔冲洗引流,腹腔镜下阑尾脓肿清创引流术.结果 无死亡病例,3例中转开腹,4例阑尾周围脓肿形成需要行二期阑尾切除术.手术时间(54±21) min,术后肛门排气时间(38±13)h,术后住院时间(5.0±1.4)d.术后6例出现并发症,其中戳孔感染3例,切口换药后愈合;腹腔残余脓肿2例,抗炎治疗后脓肿逐渐吸收;粪漏1例,经过肠外营养支持、充分引流及使用抗生素后愈合.80例随访8～44个月,平均14个月,2例出现粘连性肠梗阻,余无其他并发症出现.结论 腹腔镜手术治疗复杂性阑尾炎是安全有效的.     

腹腔镜手术治疗婴幼儿阑尾脓肿

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗婴幼儿阑尾脓肿的可行性,以及与既往治疗方案相比的优势。方法:回顾分析2011年1月至2011年7月为45例阑尾脓肿患儿行腹腔镜手术的临床资料;患儿7个月～5岁,出现症状至就诊时间为3～10 d,腹部超声均提示阑尾周围脓肿。37例患儿入院后即行急诊手术,余8例患儿入院后保守治疗12～24 h无效后行腹腔镜手术。均采用3孔法(5 mm Trocar),脐部置入腹腔镜,左下腹及耻骨上切口为操作孔,阑尾及系膜均用丝线结扎。如阑尾粗大,耻骨上Trocar更换为10 mm后取出阑尾,必要时经耻骨上切口放置腹腔引流管。术后予以三代头孢联合甲硝唑抗炎,禁食2～3 d,腹腔引流管于术后2～4 d拔除。将同组手术人员完成的40例开腹婴幼儿阑尾脓肿手术及28例阑尾脓肿经抗炎保守治疗好转后择期行腹腔镜阑尾切除术的婴幼儿作为对照,对比患儿围手术期及术后并发症情况。结果:45例手术均获成功,手术时间35～130 min,平均75 min。与开腹手术相比,手术时间两组无显著差异(P>0.05);并发症方面腹腔镜组较开腹组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,择期腹腔镜组手术时间较腹腔镜组短,但术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而总体住院时间明显延长,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:只要手术及围手术期处理得当,腹腔镜手术治疗婴幼儿阑尾脓肿是安全可行的。腹腔镜手术在寻找阑尾、处理脓肿及腹腔局部冲洗等方面具有明显优势,因此术后切口感染率、腹腔残余感染率及粘连性肠梗阻发生率均较开腹手术低,从而减少了抗生素的使用时间,利于术后康复。     

手术治疗阑尾周围脓肿350例临床分析

目的探讨阑尾周围脓肿的手术方法及效果。方法选取郸城县人民医院2005-01—2016-01间手术治疗的350例阑尾周围脓肿患者,行常规阑尾切除术284例、浆肌层下阑尾黏膜切除术48例、脓肿引流术18例。对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果术后切口感染21例(6%),其中阑尾切除术12例、脓肿引流术9例。并发盆腔脓肿3例(0.86%),均为脓肿引流术。均经对症处理后痊愈。无1例发生肠瘘,全部治愈出院。术后随访1~3 a,无1例阑尾炎再次发作。28例(8.00%)并发粘连性肠梗阻(共计2~3次),其中阑尾切除术22例、脓肿引流术6例,均经非手术方法缓解。结论阑尾周围脓肿是急性阑尾炎常见的病理类型,合理选择手术方式,规范术中操作及术后处理,可明显缩短疗程、减少并发症发生率、提高治愈率。     

儿童阑尾穿孔的腹腔镜阑尾切除术

目的 :探讨儿童阑尾穿孔腹膜炎行腹腔镜阑尾切除术的优缺点。方法 :分析 30例阑尾穿孔并腹膜炎手术治疗患儿的临床资料 ,其中 15例行LA为腹腔镜组 ,15例开腹阑尾切除术为对照组。比较两组病例的手术时间、术后引流时间、住院时间、术后并发切口感染及腹腔残余感染等情况。结果 :15例LA手术时间 30～ 75min ,平均 5 2min ,几乎无出血 ,术中冲洗并吸尽腹腔内脓液后留置腹腔引流 2～ 3d ;切口感染 1例 ,平均住院 7d。对照组 15例手术时间 4 5～ 110min ,平均 6 4min ,腹腔残余感染 3例 ,切口感染 2例 ,肠粘连 1例。结论 :阑尾穿孔并腹膜炎患儿行LA比常规开腹术恢复快 ,住院时间短 ,切口感染及腹腔残余感染发生率明显降低 ,且切口疤痕小 ,美容效果好。阑尾脓肿形成早期不是LA的禁忌证 ,但阑尾脓肿并广泛包裹者不宜行LA。     

腹腔镜手术治疗肝脓肿的应用体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜肝脓肿置管引流术及腹腔镜肝脓肿切开引流术的适应证、手术方法和临床应用.方法:回顾分析2000年1月至2010年6月为63例肝脓肿患者施行腹腔镜手术的临床资料,其中34例行腹腔镜肝脓肿置管引流术,29例行腹腔镜肝脓肿切开引流术.结果:63例均在腹腔镜下完成,无一例中转开腹.腹腔镜肝脓肿置管引流术手术时间平...     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术368例报告

目的总结腹腔镜阑尾切除术（laparoscopic appendetectomy，LA）的经验。方法回顾性分析1998年3月～2005年3月我院行LA治疔368例阑尾炎的临床资料，其中单纯性阑尾炎35例，化脓性阑尾炎276例，阑尾穿孔腹膜炎39例，慢性阑尾炎18例。结果5例中转开腹。363例成功完成LA，手术时间22—55min，平均30．5min；术中出血量2-10ml。腹腔残余感染、粘连性肠梗阻各1例，保守治愈；盆腔脓肿1例，腹腔镜下脓肿引流治愈。结论熟练掌握腹腔镜技术治疗阑尾炎可取得满意效果。     

后腹腔镜肾切除术8例的体会

目的:探讨后腹腔镜肾切除术的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析8例后腹腔镜肾切除术的临床资料。结果:7例手术成功,成功率为87.5%。1例肾脓肿引流后粘连明显改开放手术。手术时间80~145m in,平均91m in;术中出血20~500m l,平均96m l;术中、术后均未输血,无明显并发症。结论:后腹腔镜肾切除术患者损伤小,术后康复快,有良好的临床应用前景。     

Laparoscopic appendectomy in children after the learning curve.

OBJECTIVES: Despite its increasing popularity, several recent studies comparing laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) with open appendectomy (OA) in children have failed to demonstrate significant improvements in patient outcomes. Many series include the "learning curve," wherein surgeons inexperienced with laparoscopic techniques compare their results with results with OA with its extensive history. This study was designed to investigate outcomes in pediatric appendectomy patients managed by surgeons with extensive laparoscopic experience. METHODS: We preformed a retrospective review of 197 consecutive children undergoing appendectomy for presumed acute appendicitis from January 2002 through May 2004 at a university-affiliated community hospital by pediatric and general surgeons with extensive laparoscopic surgical experience. RESULTS: The study included 117 patients who underwent LA and 80 who underwent OA. Of 122 acute appendicitis cases, mean operating times were 47 minutes (LA) and 48 minutes (OA). The LA group (n=71) had a faster return to full diet (17.6 h vs. 28.6 h, P=0.0008), and shorter postoperative length of stay (LOS) (1.06 d vs. 1.66 d, P<0.0001) compared with the OA group (n = 51). Complication rates, time on intravenous (IV) antibiotics, and IV opiates were similar among the 2 groups. Complicated appendicitis cases (LA, n=34; OA, n=26) were similar with regard to LOS, return to normal bowel function, complication rate and time on IV antibiotics and opiates, but was associated with an increased operation time (LA, 65 min; OA, 51 min, P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Following the completion of the laparoscopic surgery learning curve, LA has a comparable operation time and results in a decreased postoperative LOS, and faster return to normal bowel function compared with OA in children with acute nongangrenous, nonperforated appendicitis.     

Infectious complications following laparoscopic appendectomy.

INTRODUCTION: A meta-analysis of the literature suggests there is an increased rate of intra-abdominal abscess after laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) compared with open appendectomy (OA). METHODS: To analyze the infectious complications of LA at one tertiary care centre, we completed a retrospective chart review for all patients undergoing LA for acute appendicitis from 1995 to 2002. RESULTS: We used established exclusion criteria to identify 175 patients with a mean age of 37.6 (standard deviation [SD] 14.5) years (95 male, 80 female). The mean operating time was 61.9 (SD 22.5) minutes. Excluding conversions to OA (14/175, 8%), operating time was 59.9 (SD 20.5) minutes. On surgical assessment, 143 patients had acute nonperforated appendicitis (17 perforated, 15 gangrenous). However, on histopathology assessment, 13 cases of normal appendix were identified (13/175, 7.4%). The overall median length of stay was 2.0 days. Three patients had significant postoperative infectious complications, including 1 wound infection and 2 cases of intra-abdominal abscesses. All abscesses were managed successfully with percutaneous drainage. An analysis of perioperative factors that might have contributed to the infectious complications revealed that each case of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess occurred in patients with gangrenous appendicitis and when extensive irrigation was used during LA. CONCLUSIONS: An institutional review demonstrates outcomes comparable with the Cochrane systematic review of the published literature. Technical issues that may impact on intra-abdominal abscess formation after LA include aggressive manipulation of the infected appendix and increased use of irrigation fluid, possibly producing greater contamination of the peritoneal cavity.     

复杂性阑尾炎术式的抉择：腹腔镜术抑或开腹手术

目的：探讨腹腔镜应用于复杂性阑尾炎的可行性。方法：回顾分析手术治疗复杂性阑尾炎213例患者的临床资料，213例分为腹腔镜阑尾切除术（laparoscopic appendectomy，LA）128例，开腹阑尾切除术（open appendectomy，OA）85例。比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、术中引流管留置率及术后留置时间、术后疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale，VAS）、恢复进食时间、感染性并发症（即切口感染、腹腔内脓肿）发生率、术后住院天数、住院费用等指标。结果：LA组比OA组手术时间长，住院总费用高，差异有统计学意义；术中出血量、切口长度、术中引流管留置率及术后留置时间、术后疼痛VAS、恢复进食时间及术后住院天数等指标，IA组均优于OA组；LA组切口感染率较OA组低，腹腔内脓肿发生率两组无显著性差异。两组均无死亡病例。结论：LA具有创伤小、疼痛轻、肠道功能恢复快、切口感染率低、住院时间短等优势，用于治疗复杂性阑尾炎可行、安全、有效。     

Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic versus open appendicectomy for confirmed appendicitis

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy is safe for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with suspected acute appendicitis. This study compared recovery after laparoscopic (LA) and open appendicectomy (OA) for confirmed appendicitis, carried out by experienced surgeons in an educational setting. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-three patients with laparoscopically confirmed appendicitis suitable for LA were randomized prospectively to either LA or OA in a blinded fashion. The primary endpoint was time to full recovery. Secondary endpoints were operating time, complications, hospital stay and functional status. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between LA and OA in time to full recovery (9 and 11 days respectively; P = 0.225). Operating time was 55 min in the LA group and 60 min in the OA group (P = 0.416). The complication rate was 8.6 and 11.0 per cent respectively (P = 0.696), and median hospital stay was 2 days in both groups (P = 0.192). Functional status was significantly better in the LA group 7-10 days after operation (P = 0.045). CONCLUSION: There was no difference in time to full recovery after LA and OA in patients with laparoscopically confirmed appendicitis. A trend towards better physical activity was noted after the laparoscopic procedure.     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术238例临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析1993年1月至2009年12月为238例患者施行腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床资料。结果:235例成功完成LA,3例中转开腹,手术时间15～80min,平均(56.25±10.20)min;术中出血5～50ml,平均(10.3±8.5)ml;术后应用抗生素时间平均(3.1±1.4)d;术后住院2～8d,平均3.5d。随访173例(72.7%),随访时间3～130个月,平均52个月,除1例切口脂肪液化感染外,未发生肠漏、残株炎、腹腔脓肿、粘连性肠梗阻、切口疝等手术并发症。结论:LA治疗阑尾炎安全、有效,具有患者创伤小、痛苦轻、术后住院时间短、康复快、美容效果好、并发症少等特点,另外,能同时诊断和治疗腹腔内其他疾病,特别适于多种腹腔疾病联合手术者,以及肥胖、诊断不明确、异位阑尾患者及育龄期妇女。     

重症急性胰腺炎早期实施坏死胰腺清除及腹腔镜置管引流的手术技巧和临床疗效

【摘要】 目的 探讨重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期腹腔镜置管引流的手术技巧和临床疗效。方法〓回顾性分析我院2007年1月至2014年12月期间早期进行腹腔镜手术置管引流的54例SAP病人的临床资料,全部病例均应用腹腔镜微创技术行胃结肠韧带切开,胰腺被膜切开减压,清除胰周积液及坏死组织,并置多管持续灌洗引流。结果〓1例因术中出血中转开腹手术,1例因小肠损伤开腹小切口修补。置管引流的手术时间102~185 min,平均128 min,治愈50例;住院时间17~106 d,中位时间31.5 d。4例死亡,1例死于多器官功能衰竭,1例死于合并胰腺癌,2例死于迟发腹腔出血并失血性休克,死亡时间分别为术后4 d、21 d、33 d、36 d,1例术后32 d因胰周脓肿再次行腹腔镜手术,3例胰腺假性囊肿,1例保守治疗治愈,2例经穿刺引流后治愈。结论〓早期采用腹腔镜置管引流手术治疗SAP,可有效地改善SAP的愈后,是一种有效的治疗方法。