慢性心力衰竭患者血清心肌肌钙蛋白I与心肌重构及心脏功能的相关性分析

目的：探讨慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者血清心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）与心肌重构、心脏功能的相关性。方法：选择110例CHF失代偿患者,根据测得的血清cTnI浓度,分为观察组和对照组,观察组50例cTnI升高,对照组60例cTnI正常。应用心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断仪测定心脏结构改变指标及心脏功能指标,分析cTnI与心脏结构、功能指标间的相关性,并对比两组结果。结果：观察组和对照组比较,左心房内径（LAd）和左心室舒张末短轴内径（LVEDd）及左心室后壁厚度（LVPW）、室间隔厚度（IVS）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室重量（LVM）、左室短轴缩短率（FS）有明显差异（P＜0．05）;观察组血清cTnI浓度与LAd、LVEDd 正相关,与LVPW、IVS、LVM、LVEF、FS负相关（ P＜0．05）;Logistic回归分析显示病程、LAd及LVEDd是导致血清cTnI浓度升高的危险因素。结论：CHF患者血清cTnI与其心肌重构和心脏功能有明显相关性,监测CHF患者的血清cTnI对治疗和预防心衰有重要的临床意义。     

高脂血症、胰岛素抵抗、体重指数与2型糖尿病脂肪肝的关系探讨

目的高脂血症、探讨胰岛素抵抗、体重指数与2型糖尿病脂肪肝（DFL）的关系。方法对2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝的患者进行身高、体重、空腹血糖（FBG）、血脂（TG、TC、HDL、LDL）、血浆胰岛素（FINS）测定,计算胰岛素敏感指数（IsI）、体重指数（BMI）,同时检查是否合并其他的糖尿病慢性并发症．并与2型糖尿病非脂肪肝患者进行比较。结果2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝组与未并发脂肪肝组相比TG、TC、LDL、FINS、FBG、BMI均升高,HDL、ISI降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论2型糖尿病合并脂肪肝患者存在脂代谢紊乱、胰岛素抵抗及超重,而且大血管的并发症发生率较高。对2型糖尿病尽可能防止高胰岛素血症,控制血糖,维持正常血脂,减少胰岛素抵抗（IR）,对预防和减少2型糖尿病脂肪肝的发生具有重要意义。     

高血压心肌缺血患者与IVS及LVPW厚度的关系

目的：探讨高血压心肌缺血患者与室间隔（ IVS）及左心室后壁（ LVPW）厚度的关系。方法：对我院2011年2月至2013年2月收治的50例高血压患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：高血压患者心肌缺血与IVS及LVPW厚度之间呈现正相关；高血压患者心肌有无缺血分组间的IVS之间的差异具有显著的统计学意义（ P＜0．01）；LVPW厚度之间的差异具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）；年龄、TC、TG、HDL、LDL之间的差异不具有统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论：高血压心肌缺血患者与IVS及LVPW厚度的关系为正相关，与IVS厚度具有更为紧密的相关性。     

疏肝理气法对2型糖尿病继发磺脲类降糖药失效患者脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗及CRP的影响

探讨疏肝理气法对2型糖尿病继发磺脲类降糖药失效患者血糖、血脂、胰岛素抵抗及血清CRP的影响。方法：将160例患者随机分为治疗组、对照组各80例,比较治疗前后空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPBG）、血总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-c）、血清CRP以及空腹和2h真胰岛素（FTI,2hTI）等指标的变化,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。结果：两组FBG及2hPBG均明显降低（P〈0．01）。治疗组TC、TG、LDL-c、CRP明显降低（P〈0．05）,对照组无变化;FTI、2hTI、HOMA-IR均明显降低,与对照组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0．05～0．01）。结论：疏肝理气中药可明显改善2型糖尿病继发磺脲类降糖药失效患者胰岛素敏感性以及血清CRP水平。     

脂肪肝与肥胖、血脂异常、糖尿病的相关性探讨

目的探讨脂肪肝与肥胖、血脂异常、糖尿病的相关性。方法对参加健康体检的534名机关干部，测量身高、体重，行血脂、血糖、肝肾功能等生化检查，同时行腹部B超、心电图、胸片等检查，并将检查资料录入微机，进行脂肪肝组和非脂肪肝组的对比分析。结果（1）体质指数（BMI）≥28者脂肪肝检出率为65．38％，BMI〈28者脂肪肝检出率为16．45％，肥胖患者脂肪肝检出率明显高于非肥胖者（P〈0．01）；（2）脂肪肝组的BMI、血甘油三酯（TG）、血高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（PBG2h）水平与非脂肪肝组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；（3）脂肪肝组中并存肥胖症、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症、糖尿病的发生率显著高于非脂肪肝组（P〈0．01）。结论肥胖、高TG血症、低HDL-C血症、糖尿病与脂肪肝的发病密切相关；减轻体重、纠正血脂异常、降低糖尿病患者的血糖对防治脂肪肝具有重要的临床意义。     

曲美他嗪对2型糖尿病患者心功能影响的初步探索

目的：探讨曲美他嗪对2型糖尿病患者心功能的影响。方法：40例2型糖尿病患者随机分为2组,均予常规治疗控制血糖,治疗组加曲美他嗪20mg,po,tid,疗程半年。2组于治疗前后分别测定空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（2h FBG）、心脏B超测量左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室舒张末期容积（LVEDD）、左室收缩末期容积（LVESD）、左室等容舒张时间（IVRT）等指标。结果：2组治疗后,FBG和2h FBG均稍有下降,但两组无显著差异（P〉0．05）;LVEF、LVEDD、IVRT、LVESD均较治疗前有明显改善（P〈0．05）。结论：曲美他嚎可以通过优化2型糖尿病患者的心肌能量代谢,从而改善患者的心功能。     

糖尿病心肌病患者心脏结构及功能与心钠素水平的关系

目的探讨糖尿病心肌病（DC）患者心脏结构及功能与血浆心钠素（ANP）水平的关系。方法DC患者40例，正常对照组45例，采用脉冲多谱勒超声心动图和放射免疫分析方法分别进行心脏结构、心功能和血浆ANP水平检测。结果各组间心室收缩功能参数左心室射血分数（EF）、左心室短轴缩短率（FS）无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。与正常对照组相比，DC组患者左心室舒张功能二尖瓣心室充盈早期血流速度峰值（E峰）、晚期心室充盈心房收缩血流速度峰值（A峰）及E／A明显受损，表现为A峰上升、E峰、E／A比值下降（P〈0．01），左心房内径（LAD）明显扩大（P〈0．01），血浆ANP明显升高（P〈0．01）；血浆ANP与LAD及左心室质量（LVM）、A峰呈明显正相关（r=0．75、r=0．72、r=0．62，P均〈0．01）；与E／A则有明显负性关系（r=-0．65，P〈0．01），而与E峰不相关（r=0．23，P〉0．05）。结论左心室舒张功能减退及心肌肥厚是糖尿病心肌病的早期表现，测定糖尿病患者血浆ANP浓度可作为判断早期糖尿病心肌病的参考指标。     

老年高血压患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨老年高血压患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度（IMT）与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法测定260例老年高血压患者（HT组）、230例老年高血压合并2型糖尿病患者（HT＋DM组）和250名健康体检者（NC组）的动态血压、血空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、甘油三酯（TG）、胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）及体重指数（BMI），并运用高分辨率B型超声仪检测受试者的颈动脉IMT。结果3组BMI、血压（包括SBP、DBP）、血脂（包括TG、IC、HDL）的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；HT组FBG、FINS、IMT均显著高于NC组（P〈0．05或001），而IAI显著低于NC组（P〈001）；HT＋DM组FBG、FINS、IMT均显著高于HT组及NC组（P〈0．05或0．01），而IAI显著低于HT组及NC组（P〈0．05或0．01）。IMT与BMI、FBG呈显著正相关，与IAI呈显著负相关（均P〈0．01）。结论老年高血压患者颈动脉IMT高于正常人，而且与高血压患者胰岛素抵抗的发生、发展密切相关。     

2型糖尿病患者血清胰岛素与血脂关系的探讨

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者胰岛索（INS）与血脂的关系。方法研究对象为40例2型糖尿病患者（男21例，女19例），非糖尿病健康对照者30例（男16例，女14例）。采用放射免疫法检测空腹血清INS；采用氧化酶法测空腹血糖（FBG）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）。结果40例2型糖尿病患者INS血清浓度与TG、TC、HDL-C、FBG的相关系数分别为0．34（P〈0．05），0．28（P〉0．05），-0．01（P〉0．05），0．22（P〉0．05）。FBG与TG、TC、HDL-C的相关系数分别为0．13（P〉0．05），0．13（P〉0．05），-0．36（P〈0．05）。结论2型糖尿病脂肪代谢紊乱表现为TG增高，患者胰岛素抵抗可能是其主要原因。     

2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者血浆t-PA、PAⅠ含量变化及临床分析

目的：探讨2型糖尿病患者与2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者血浆t—PA、PAⅠ水平变化及相关性。方法：检测2型糖尿病患者49例与2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者51例的血浆纤溶酶原激活物（t—PA）、纤溶酶原激活抑制剂-1（PAⅠ）、空腹血糖（FBG）、甘油三脂（TG）含量及体重指数（BMI），用统计学方法进行相关性分析；设30例正常人为对照组。结果：2型糖尿病患者与2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者的血浆t—PA含量均明显降低，而血浆PAⅠ、FBG和TG含量升高．与正常对照组有显著差异（P〈0．05）；而2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者的血浆t—PA含量低于不合并脑梗死的2型糖尿病患者，且PAⅠ、FBG和TG含量升高，两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：2型糖尿病患者并发脑梗死与血浆t—PA、PAⅠ含量的失衡有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.