脑原发性恶性淋巴瘤1例

患者男性,42岁。无明显诱因出现持续性头痛,腹压增高时加剧,伴头晕、恶心、呕吐1月余,经抗炎、止痛治疗无效后入院。无发热、抽搐、意识障碍。查体：神志清楚,浅表淋巴结未触及,双肺呼吸音清,腹平软,肝脾未触及,     

心腔外肿块型原发性心脏淋巴瘤MRI表现1例

<正>1病例简介女,54岁,主诉：活动后心累气促伴双下肢水肿10 d。入院前20 d出现心前区胀痛不适,10 d前活动后加重伴双下肢水肿,体重无明显减轻。实验室检查：乳酸脱氢酶867 U/L,超敏C反应蛋白84.79 mg/L,N末端脑钠肽前体2 572.00 pg/ml,超敏心肌肌钙蛋白-T0.161 ng/ml。心电图：窦性心动过速,Ⅰ度房室阻滞。影像学表现：超声检查见图1A。心脏磁共振（cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR）：稳态进动平衡序列（fast imaging employing steady state acquisition,FIESTA）扫描见图1B,心脏电影扫描示肿块随心动周期运动不明显,部分堵塞下腔静脉,左心室流出道未见梗阻征象,二尖瓣、三尖瓣关闭、开放正常,心功能分析示右心室射血分数（ejection fractions,EF）30%,每搏输出量（stroke volume,SV）74 ml,     

原发性骨淋巴瘤误诊1例

患者，男性，44岁。于2006—01无诱因出现左侧大腿及膝关节疼痛就诊，在外院拍骨盆X线片示：左坐骨结节膨胀性、溶骨性破坏，其内密度不均，坐骨结节下缘骨皮质不连续，周围软组织内肌间隙影消失。诊断：左坐骨结节膨大性溶骨性破坏，考虑转移性肿瘤。遂来我院，经骨盆X线片、CT检查，仍考虑为转移瘤。患者先后检查胸部CT、腹部B超、前列腺B超等，检查均未见明显异常。全身骨显像示，左侧坐骨见放射性浓聚灶，其余诸骨影像放射性分布规律、对称。2006—04—13在硬膜外麻醉下行左坐骨肿瘤切除术并病理活检。病理回报：骨恶性淋巴瘤。本例手术彻底、预后良好，术后1年骨盆MR检查及全身骨显像检查中未发现转移病灶。     

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的MRI及1H-MRS特点

目的探讨免疫功能正常人原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(PCNSL)的常规MRI及多体素质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)表现.资料与方法对21例经手术病理证实的PCNSL的MRI和1H-MRS表现进行回顾分析.结果 21例患者共检出33个病灶,其MRI及1H-MRS表现具有如下特点:(1)病灶T1WI多呈低或等信号,T2WI呈等或稍低信号,单发或多发,境界清晰.(2)轻中度瘤周水肿,并可见"火焰样"特征性水肿.(3)增强后病灶多明显均匀强化;"缺口征"、"尖角征"的出现具有特异性.(4)1 H-MRS常表现为胆碱(Cho)峰升高,肌酸(Cr)降低,氮-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)缺失,并出现高耸的脂质(Lip)峰.在实性肿瘤中出现明显升高的Lip峰对诊断PCNSL具有高度特异性.结论传统MRI在PCNSL的诊断中起着重要的作用,结合1H-MRS表现,可以提高MRI对PCNSL的诊断水平.     

乳腺原发性淋巴瘤误诊1例

<正>病人,女,32岁。在哺乳3个月突然断乳后,右侧乳房出现肿块,有压痛,无乳头内陷、溢血等,此后肿块渐增大,性质同前。曾于外院行右乳针吸涂片检查提示少量炎症细胞,未见肿瘤证据。曾给予抗感染治疗,症状无明显缓解。近1周出现畏寒、发热。超声检查:右侧乳腺内未探及正常腺体回声,内可探及不均匀性低回声区,范围约为14cm×8.5 cm×13 cm,边界不清,内部可探及多处低至无回     

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的MRI与~1H-MRS研究

目的:探讨免疫功能正常人原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(PCNSL)的常规MRI及多体素质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)表现。方法:对15例经病理证实的PCNSL的MRI和1H-MRS表现进行回顾性分析。结果:15例患者共检出24个病灶,其MRI及1H-MRS表现如下:①PCNSL的MRI表现:病灶T1WI呈低或等信号,T2WI呈等或稍高信号;DWI呈高信号;增强后病灶明显均匀强化,"缺口征"、"尖角征"的出现具有特异性;②PCNSL的1H-MRS表现:肿瘤实质区及瘤周近侧水肿区Cho峰升高及NAA、Cr峰降低,肿瘤实质区可见升高的Lip峰。4例病灶在正常组织区可见异常谱线。结论:传统MRI结合1H-MRS表现能够显著提高PCNSL的诊断与鉴别诊断水平;1H-MRS对于肿瘤浸润及多发病灶的显示优于传统MR检查。     

眼眶原发性淋巴瘤的MRI表现

目的：探讨眼眶原发性淋巴瘤的磁共振影像学表现,以提高其诊断的准确率。方法对11例经手术病理证实的原发性淋巴瘤的临床和影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果眼眶原发性淋巴瘤的MRI特征如下：①好发于隔前眶周,以眼眶外上象限为主,包括眼睑、泪腺、结膜等;②无包膜,沿眼眶间隙蔓延塑形生长;③平扫T1WI呈等信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,增强呈中-重度强化;④DWI上表现为高信号;⑤边界较清晰,对周围组织结构侵犯、破坏少见;⑥囊变少见,出血、钙化罕见。结论眼眶原发性淋巴瘤MRI表现具有一定的特征性,MRI多方位成像可对肿瘤明确定位,并有助于定性诊断。     

MRI对原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的诊断

目的 探讨原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(primary central nervous system lymphoma,PCNSL)的MRI特点,提高对PCNSL的认识和诊断水平.方法 回顾性分析21例经手术病理或穿刺活检证实的PCNSL的MR表现,并结合文献研究MRI特征.结果 单发7例,多发7例,弥漫性生长7例,共33个肿瘤,其中额叶12个,脑室旁8个,颞叶、顶叶、透明隔、小脑蚓部各2个,枕叶、基底节区、丘脑、脑干、小脑各1个; 4例肿瘤累及胼胝体.肿瘤实质MR T1WI呈等或稍低信号,T2WI呈等或稍高信号,信号较均匀;18例肿瘤实质强化明显,信号均匀,可呈现"尖角征"和"脐凹征"及具有特征性的"蝴蝶征",3例出现环形强化.结论 PCNSL MR检查具有特征性表现,MRI检查对PCNSL具有独特的诊断价值.     

MRI诊断髓内原发淋巴瘤1例

原发性脊髓恶性淋巴瘤在中枢神经系统原发性淋巴瘤中发病率极低,局限于脊髓内者更为罕见,约占原发中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的1％～2％。原发性脊髓淋巴瘤多见于60岁以上的人,多发生在脊髓胸段。本病例发生于颈段,经手术病理证实为非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）,弥漫大B细胞型。现报道如下。     

左侧大脑额部颅板下血管母细胞瘤一例

本文报道1例56岁男性左侧大脑额部颅板下占位性病变。MRI表现为左侧大脑额部富血供类圆形团块状异常信号影,T1WI呈等低信号,T2WI及液体衰减反转恢复序列(FLAIR)呈等稍高信号,内见流空血管,周围见片状水肿,DWI未见扩散受限呈低信号,ADC图上为高信号。病理诊断为血管母细胞瘤,WHOⅠ级。     

Transcortical mixed aphasia due to cerebral infarction in left inferior frontal lobe and temporo-parietal lobe

We present a case of transcortical mixed aphasia caused by a cerebral embolism. A 77-year-old right-handed man was admitted to our hospital with speech disturbance and a right hemianopia. His spontaneous speech was remarkably reduced, and object naming, word fluency, comprehension, reading and writing were all severely disturbed. However, repetition of phonemes and sentences and reading aloud were fully preserved. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed cerebral infarcts in the left frontal and parieto-occipital lobe which included the inferior frontal gyrus and angular gyrus, single photon emission CT revealed a wider area of low perfusion over the entire left hemisphere except for part of the left perisylvian language areas. The amytal (Wada) test, which was performed via the left internal carotid artery, revealed that the left hemisphere was dominant for language. Hence, it appears that transcortical mixed aphasia may be caused by the isolation of perisylvian speech areas, even if there is a lesion in the inferior frontal gyrus, due to disconnection from surrounding areas.     

骨原发性恶性淋巴瘤1例

患者男，17岁。半年前左膝肿胀痛，呈持续性隐痛，活动时加重．时有夜间痛。因活动受限且有跛行1月余入院。     

左额叶脑室外中枢神经细胞瘤1例

患者女,50岁,6个月前无明显诱因出现右侧肢体活动不利。于当地医院行头颅 CT 拟诊为左额叶囊性占位。为求进一步诊治来本院就诊。行 MRI平扫及增强检查。MRI平扫示左侧额叶见囊实性混杂信号,大小约5.2 cm×3.6 cm×5.2 cm,囊内呈长 T1 WI 长 T2 WI 均匀信号,稍长 T1 WI 稍长 T2 WI 实性信号位于病灶周边,似壁结节(图1,2),大小约3.1 cm×2.3 cm×1.4 cm,DWI呈高信号,边缘可见点状血管流空低信号(图3,4)。病灶周围可见环形长T1 WI长T2 WI水肿信号。增强示实性成分、囊壁明显强化(图5~7)。影像诊断：胶质瘤可能性大。     

左额叶实质表皮样囊肿1例

患者男,27岁,因右上肢乏力半年,间歇性四肢抽搐伴意识丧失3次就诊.患者话语含糊,查体右侧膝腱反射减弱,右上肢肱二、三头肌腱反射减弱,病理反射未引出.CT检查:左额叶有一类圆形混杂 密度肿块,大小约6.5 cm×5.7 cm×6.8 cm,边界清楚,无分叶,平扫CT值约-32~41 HU(图1);周围未见水肿,邻近脑组织轻度受压,左侧脑室受压变窄,中线结构稍右移.增强扫描显示肿块无强化(囊壁轻度强化),CT值约-38~42 HU(图2),骨窗(图3)显示左顶骨增生、硬化并压迫吸收,多平面重组显示病灶位于左额叶(图4,5).脑电图:中度异常脑电图.其余实验室检查无特殊.     

Case report: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a patient with congenital agenesis of the left upper lobe

This report describes an unusual case of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma developing in a patient with congenital left upper lobe agenesis. Mucoepidermoid tumours most often develop in major bronchi and present as lobar collapse, post-obstructive pneumonia or as a mass lesion on chest radiography. On CT, the tumour is smooth, well defined, homogeneous and may enhance with intravenous contrast. Tumour calcification has been reported. Lobar agenesis often presents as a co-incidental finding on chest radiography as total or almost complete absence of aeration of the affected lung. Thoracic CT confirms the presence of the underdeveloped lung, pulmonary artery and bronchus and associated mediastinal shift and herniation of the contralateral lung. A literature review of these two conditions is presented.     

右额叶同型性星形细胞瘤一例

患者男,46岁.无明显诱因突然在夜间睡眠中大叫并发四肢抽搐、口吐白沫、双眼上翻伴意识不清,持续半分钟后自行缓解,无大、小便失禁及舌咬伤.清醒后约半小时内发作抽搐7～8次,意识不清.2009年8月到我院就诊.体检:神志清楚、意识可,瞳孔对光反射弱、双眼球运动自如、双侧鼻唇沟对称、伸舌居中、四肢肌力及肌张力正常、腱反射对称,指鼻试验、跟-膝-胫试验、病理征阴性.临床生化各项检查均未见明显异常.     

Central neurogenic hyperventilation with primary cerebral lymphoma: a case report

We report a case of a bright, alert patient with central neurogenic hyperventilation (CNH) associated with cerebral malignant lymphoma. CNH is a syndrome comprising normal or elevated arterial oxygen tension, decreased arterial carbon dioxide tension, and respiratory alkalosis in the absence of cardiac or pulmonary disease that stimulates a compensatory hyperpnea. A-72-year-old man with recurrent central nervous system lymphoma presented with hyperpnea. showing a respiratory rate over 30 per minute. He was fully awake and conscious. Routine laboratory studies and chest X-ray were normal, but arterial blood gas examination on room air showed respiratory alkalosis, regardless of wakefulness or sleep. Pulmonary infarction was denied by pulmonary flow scintigram. Rebreathing from a paper bag, intravenous administration of diazepam, and oxygen inhalation failed to alter the respiratory pattern. Brain MRI demonstrated two mildly enhanced lesions within the left side of the medulla oblongata and right side of the pons. CNH is rare in patients with normal consciousness. It seems to be caused by brainstem injury that includes the respiratory center.     

脑囊虫病误诊1例

患者　男 ,5 4岁。因眩晕、恶心、呕吐 3周 ,加重 2天于1999年 10月 19日入院。既往 1993年因头痛、言语不清 3ｈ入院 ,ＣＴ平扫报告“脑梗塞” ,按照脑梗塞治疗好转后出院。1998年 4月因头痛、头昏、流涎 ,左侧肢体活动不灵住外院治疗 ,ＣＴ示右侧基底节区梗塞。入院前 1周ＣＴ平扫报告“左侧基底节区脑梗塞”。否认曾食“米猪肉”。查体 :血压 17.3/10 .7ｋＰａ ,神清 ,颈软 ,双眼球震颤 ( ) ,左侧面部针刺觉减退 ,张口下颌左偏 ,伸舌左偏 ,四肢肌张力增高 ,双侧深反射增强 ,双侧踝阵挛、掌颏反射、查多克征、克尼格征 ( ) ,左侧转颈试验 …     

颅内结核瘤误诊1例

患者男性，58岁。主因右侧肢体间断性抽搐4年，加重2天入院。患者缘于4年前出现右侧肢体抽搐症状，每次持续约半分钟，可自行缓解，发作周期几天到几个月不等，近日右侧肢体抽搐频繁，达数十余次，每次持续1—2min不等，