心理干预对癌症患者家属负性情绪的影响

目的 探讨综合心理干预对癌症晚期患者家属焦虑抑郁情绪的影响.方法 将86例癌症晚期患者家属随机分为两组.对照组不进行干预,干预组进行团体心理治疗,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评定其情绪状况,观察比较家属在综合心理干预8周前后SAS和SDS评分结果.结果 干预组患者家属焦虑情绪得到明显改善,前后比较有显著性差异(t=4.225,P＜0.001);干预组患者家属抑郁情绪得到明显改善,前后比较有显著性差异(t=4.345,P＜0.001).结论 综合心理干预可以改善癌症晚期患者家属的焦虑抑郁情绪.     

冠状动脉造影患者术前心理状况调查

为了了解冠状动脉造影 (CAG)患者术前的心理状态 ,采用汉密顿焦虑量表 (HAMA)和抑郁量表 (HAMD)、焦虑自评量表 (SAS)、抑郁自评量表 (SDS)、社会支持评定量表 (SSRS)调查 ,并与同期住院病人进行比较 ,结果显示 ,冠状动脉造影患者术前焦虑、抑郁评分明显高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,焦虑、抑郁发生率分别为 71 .2 5 %、66.2 5 % ,社会支持评定量表分明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1 )。提示冠状动脉造影患者术前存在明显的心理障碍 ,应给予相应的处理     

癌症患者焦虑、抑郁与睡眠质量的相关性研究

本研究采用焦虑自评量表 ( SAS) ,抑郁自评量表 ( SDS)和匹慈堡睡眠质量指数 ( PSQL)测查了 560名癌症患者 ,以SAS≥ 4 5和 SDS≥ 50为界值 ,结果显示 1 4 .4 6%和 1 7.32 %的癌症病人存在焦虑和抑郁状态 ,1 0 .36%的癌症病人焦虑和抑郁并存。SAS和 SDS评分呈正相关 ( r=0 .72 8,P<0 .0 1 ) ,SAS和 SDS分与 PSQL各成份呈显著正相关关系 ,焦虑组、抑郁组和焦虑抑郁混合组 PSQL评分显著高于正常组     

102例急性白血病患者焦虑、抑郁调查

目的　探讨急性白血病患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪。方法　采用焦虑自评量表 ( SAS)和抑郁自评量表 ( SDS)对急性白血病病人和健康人进行对照研究。结果　急性白血病患者 SAS和 SDS评分均明显高于健康对照组 ( P<0 .0 1 )。结论　急性白血病患者多伴焦虑和抑郁情绪。临床上在治疗该病同时 ,应给予心理疏导 ,必要时加用抗抑郁剂治疗。     

手术室路径式干预对手术室患者家属状态抑郁和焦虑情绪的影响

目的:观察讨论手术室路径干预对手术室患者家属状态抑郁和焦虑情绪的影响。方法:随机选取2016年8月-2016年9月间择期手术的121例患者家属作为对照组(采用常规手术室护理),选取2016年9月-2016年10月间择期手术的125例患者家属作为观察组(在对照组的基础上采用路径式干预)。采用状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)中的状态焦虑量表(SAI)和流调用抑郁自评量表(CES-D)评估手术室患者家属状态焦虑和抑郁情绪。根据自行编制的满意度调查问卷评估家属对护理的满意度。结果:两组干预后的CES-D、SAI评分均明显高于干预前(t=10.57,16.714,5.37,7.493;P0.01);干预后,观察组家属的CES-D为(12.28±6.73)分、SAI评分为(40.24±9.33),明显低于对照组[(17.24±7.15)分、(51.38±10.56)分,t=5.604,8.775;P0.01];观察组家属对手术时护理的满意度为93.60%、满意度评分(22.18±2.27)分,明显高于对照组[85.12%,(18.02±1.83)分,χ~2=4.673,t=15.794,P0.05]。结论:对进行手术的患者家属给予手术室路径护理干预,能够改善患者家属状态抑郁和焦虑情绪,并能提高患者家属对手术时护理工作的满意度,具有临床应用价值。     

癌症患者总体幸福感与情绪状态

目的了解癌症化疗住院患者总体幸福感与焦虑、抑郁状况,探讨两者之间的相关性。方法采用总体幸福感量表(GWB)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对西安市三级甲等医院的270例癌症化疗住院患者进行测评。结果①癌症化疗住院患者总体幸福感较低,焦虑、抑郁负性情绪较重,其负性情绪与总体幸福感体验呈负相关(r=-0.679,-0.707;P<0.01);②不同性别、职业、文化程度、经济收入、支付方式患者间的总体幸福感有显著差异(t=4.329,F=2.60,5.477,15.221,2.441,P<0.05);③不同性别、文化程度、经济收入的患者焦虑、抑郁得分比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论癌症化疗住院患者总体幸福感与焦虑、抑郁负性情绪密切相关,总体幸福感体验得分越低,焦虑、抑郁情绪越严重。     

住院抑郁症患者家属的心理健康状况调查及干预

目的：了解住院抑郁症家属的心里健康状况,探讨心里干预对抑郁症患者家属焦虑情绪,抑郁状态的作用。方法选取60例抑郁症患者家属为观察对象,随机分成干预组和对照组,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)测评其干预前后的症状变化。结果心里干预后分值比干预前下降,干预后家属的焦虑、抑郁症状减轻。结论采用恰当的心里干预措施,可以解决家属诸多的心里问题,明显改善家属焦虑、抑郁症状,提高生活质量。     

97例首发抑郁症患者配偶的心理状况调查及干预

目的探讨首发抑郁症患者配偶的心理卫生状况及心理综合干预的效果。方法对97例首发抑郁症患者配偶采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）及焦虑自评量表（SAS）抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行测评,并根据测评存在的心理问题给予4周有计划的心理综合干预。结果首发抑郁症患者配偶存在明显的抑郁、焦虑情绪,SCL-90、SAS、SDS评分均明显高于国内常模（P〈0．01）;女性配偶的焦虑、抑郁不良情绪反应比男性配偶重（P〈0．01）;经心理综合干预4周后患者配偶SAS、SDS评分均明显低于干预前（P〈0．01）。结论首发抑郁症患者配偶存在着不同程度的心理问题,应主动予以心理综合干预,可减轻他们的不良情绪反应,提高其心理健康水平。     

孕妇情绪状态对分娩过程的影响

目的　观察情绪状态对分娩过程的影响。方法　应用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)抑郁自评量表 (SDS)于分娩前 1周内对孕妇进行测评 ,选取有焦虑情绪或抑郁情绪 5 0例 ,做为观察组 ,无焦虑抑郁情绪 5 0例做为对照组 ,比较两组分娩方式、产程、新生儿 APQAR评分 ,出血量。结果　有情绪障碍组剖宫产率高 ,产程延长 ,新生儿 APQAR评分降低 ,差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　分娩过程有复杂的心理因素参与并受其影响。     

首发精神病人家属的情绪障碍与心理干预

目的了解首发精神病人家属的情绪障碍和心理干预的效果。方法对患者家属进行心理干预,并用汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMD),汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)在心理干预前后对家属进行测查。结果心理干预前家属有明显的焦虑抑郁情绪,心理干预后家属的焦虑抑郁情绪明显改善。结论心理干预能有效减轻家属的焦虑抑郁情绪。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

侧脑室注射链脲佐菌素对大鼠海马神经元突触的影响

为观察链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)双侧侧脑室注射对大鼠海马神经元突触的影响,本研究将Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,模型组大鼠分别于第1、3d双侧侧脑室重复注射STZ3mg/kg,对照组以人工脑脊液代替STZ。21d后,取大鼠海马,免疫组织化学染色及Western blotting方法观察突触素、活性调节细胞骨架相关蛋白(activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associatedprotein,Arc)的表达;电镜观察海马CA1区神经元突触超微结构的改变。结果显示:与对照组相比,模型组大鼠海马内突触素蛋白表达显著减少,而Arc蛋白表达显著增多;模型组海马CA1区神经毡内突触结构异常,突触小泡聚集增多。以上结果提示:脑室注射STZ可影响大鼠海马突触相关蛋白的表达,引起突触超微结构异常,干扰了神经元突触信号的传导。