主动脉球囊反搏在急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克中的应用

目的探讨主动脉球囊反搏(IABP)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)并发心源性休克(CS)患者的临床疗效。方法36例AMI并发CS的患者,均应用了IABP,应用DatascopeSystem97E型反搏仪,采用34～40ml型球囊,反搏时间15～168h。对其中30例患者进行选择性冠状动脉造影(Selectivecoronaryangiography,SCA),22例进行急诊经皮冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)和支架术,4例行冠脉旁路移植术(CABG)。结果36例患者中死亡12例,病死率为33.33%。其中行PTCA及CABG术死亡4例,占干预组病死率15.4%(4/26),未行介入及外科干预治疗的死亡8例,病死率80%(8/10)。结论使用IABP对AMI并发CS有显著的治疗效果,在IABP的支持下,积极进行血管重建治疗方能降低病死率。     

高龄急性心肌梗死合并泵功能衰竭患者主动脉内气囊反搏术辅助介入治疗的研究

目的探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）合并泵功能衰竭的高龄患者行急诊冠脉介入治疗辅以主动脉内气囊反搏术（IABP）的安全性及有效性。方法62例高龄AMI并发泵功能衰竭患者分为IABP组（28例）及对照组（34例），IABP组在IABP支持下行急诊冠状动脉造影，对梗死相关血管（IRA）直接行PTCA及支架置入术，对照组单纯行PTCA及支架置入术，治疗前及3个月后行心脏超声检查及心功能测定。结果两组心功能较术前均明显改善，但IABP组较对照组改善更加明显。IABP组完成梗死相关血管再通，没有血管再闭塞事件发生。无术中死亡，院内死亡率28．6％；对照组患者院内死亡率64．7％，其中4例发生血管再闭塞事件，8例术中死亡。结论AMI合并泵功能衰竭高龄患者行急诊冠脉介入治疗时，联合应用主动脉内气囊反搏可增加冠脉介入治疗安全性。降低病死率，减少血管再闭塞率，提高手术成功率。     

主动脉内球囊反搏术临床应用(附64例报告)

目的研究主动脉内球囊反搏术(IABP)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)并发心源性休克患者临床运用效果.方法64例AMI伴心源性休克患者,在内科治疗的基础上进行IABP治疗.机器为Datascope system97E型反搏仪,均采用40ml型球囊导管,反搏持续时间为24～144h,经在IABP支持下,64例中62例进行急诊经皮冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)和支架术,2例进行急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG).结果64例患者中死亡18例,病死率为29.7%.结论IABP支架下,积极进行血管重建治疗方能降低病死率.     

主动脉内球囊反搏在急性心肌梗死并右心衰竭中的应用

目的：探讨主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）在急性心肌梗死并右心衰竭中应用的价值。方法：69例急性心肌梗死并心源性休克行IABP辅助循环治疗患者中急性右心衰竭12例（17.4%）,回顾性分析此12例患者临床资料,病人年龄（64.1±9.7）岁,IABP辅助循环治疗时间15～288h,（95±76）h,9例（75%）行经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）。结果：12例患者住院期间主要并发症包括：出血3例（25%）,肢体缺血1例（8.3%）,急性肾功能衰竭2例（16.7%）,多器官功能衰竭1例（8.3%）。1例死于多器官功能衰竭,其余11例（91.7%）成功撤除IABP辅助循环,病情好转出院。结论：急性心肌梗死并严重右心衰竭死亡率高,在常规治疗疗效不佳时,主动脉内球囊反搏辅助循环治疗可能有益。     

主动脉内球囊反搏辅助治疗高危急性心肌梗死疗效观察

目的探讨主动脉内球囊反搏在救治高危心肌梗死中的作用。方法对25例急性心肌梗死患者入院时、溶栓治疗后、经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（PTCA）和冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）前出现血液动力学不稳或心源性休克者行主动脉内囊反搏辅助治疗。结果25例患者中17例（68%）在IABP使用5～118 h（平均20 h）后血流动力学平稳;8例死亡,死因包括心源性休克（6例）,心脏破裂（1例）,恶性心律失常（2例）,无因IABP引起的并发症而导致死亡,3例行IABP患者穿刺部位肿胀,局部形成血肿。结论IABP能降低AM I患者的临床事件发生率和死亡率,能有效减轻心衰,改善心功能,为进一步治疗争取到足够的时间,但对术中急性血管病变作用有限。     

主动脉内球囊反搏急性心肌梗死介入术后心功能低下的疗效观察

目的观察主动脉内球囊反搏术（IABP）应用于急性心肌梗死冠状动脉介入治疗术后心功能衰竭的疗效。方法 28例急性心肌梗死行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）后合并急性左心力衰竭患者,静脉使用血管活性药物仍不能维持有效血液循环,经股动脉置入主动脉内球囊反搏导管,行IABP。观察尿量、心率、意识改变、有创动脉收缩压（SABP）和平均动脉压（MABP）。结果 IABP后,患者SABP、MABP明显高于术前（P〈0.01）。23例患者心功能均有不同程度改善,心率减慢,尿量增多,心功能改善不明显3例,死亡2例。结论主动脉内球囊反搏术能有效改善PCI术后低心排血量病人的心功能。     

AMI并泵衰竭PCI后患者主动脉球囊反搏并呼吸机的疗效

目的：探讨主动脉球囊反搏（IABP）联合无创呼吸机对急性心肌梗死（AMI）并发泵衰竭行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后患者的近期疗效及安全性。方法：选择2012年7月-2014年6月因AMI合并泵衰竭收住我院CCU患者105例,均行急诊 PCI术及药物等常规治疗,其中 IABP组68例（在常规治疗基础上联合应用IABP及无创呼吸机）,常规治疗组37例（常规治疗及无创呼吸机）。观察住院期间两组患者的血压、心率、尿量、心脏彩超及BNP等指标变化以及有无并发症和心脏不良事件的发生。结果：与常规治疗组比较, IABP组患者住院期间血压明显升高,心率逐渐降低至稳定,左室射血分数[（35±9）％比（37±10）％]明显提高,BNP水平[（467±197） pmol/L比（236±146） pmol/L]、死亡率（28.9％比19.1％）显著下降,住院天数明显缩短[（16.2±4.1） d比（11.6±3.4） d],P＜0.05-＜0.01。结论：主动脉球囊反搏联合无创呼吸机可显著改善急性心肌梗死合并泵衰竭患者的病情,稳定血流动力学状态,降低院内死亡率,为进一步的改善预后治疗赢得时间。     

主动脉内球囊反搏术在冠状动脉搭桥术后心脏泵衰竭中的应用体会

目的总结主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）在冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）后心脏泵衰竭应用的临床经验,探讨此类手术应用IABP的时机选择和适应证。方法总结2007年6月至2012年6月,5例因冠心病行CABG后患者出现心脏泵衰竭,在IABP支持下,术后心功能及血液动力学恢复稳定的情况。结果5例患者均在术后3-7d撤除IABP,恢复良好,痊愈出院。结论冠脉病变严重（多支病变、左主干病变）及急性心肌梗死患者,行冠状动脉搭桥术风险较大,特别是术后出现严重的低心排使手术效果更加不确定。术后应用IABP可以有效地改善心功能,提高手术成功率。     

糖尿病并发多支冠状动脉病变患者血管重建两种主要术式比较

目的:比较临床实践中血管重建术式对糖尿病并多支冠状动脉病变患者临床结果的影响。方法:2006年6月~2010年3月,确诊为糖尿病并发多支冠脉病变的冠心病患者226例,非随机行冠状动脉介入治疗（支架术,PCI)和冠脉搭桥术(CABG)对照研究。分析患者随访1年的临床结果。结果:CABG组和PCI组分别入选患者为105例和121例。比较CABG组与PCI组患者的年龄［(63±6)岁 vs.(68±7)岁,P<0.05］和高血压病史(97.1% vs. 89.3%,P<0.05)均有显著性差异,其他的临床特性均无显著性差异。随访1年的临床结果显示,CABG组与PCI组比较再次血管重建（TVR）(1.0% vs. 18.2%,P<0.01)和主要心脑血管事件（MACCE）(14.3% vs. 28.1%,P<0.01)均有显著性差异;而比较非致死性心肌梗死,卒中和死亡则无显著性差异。结论:糖尿病并多支病冠脉变的冠心病患者血管重建时CABG优于PCI。     

急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克47例治疗和死亡原因分析

目的 评价急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克47例患者的临床疗效,寻求降低病死率、改善预后的措施.方法 回顾性分析2002年1月至2007年5月共47例心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者,运用心血管活性药物、主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)、介入手术或冠状动脉旁路移植术的治疗效果.结果 IABP治疗47例(100%),再血管化治疗41例(87.3%),死亡17例(36.2%).经药物和IABP治疗,在接受再血管化前死亡的患者占死亡数的35.3%(6/17),再血管化后死亡的患者占死亡数的64.7%(11/17).死于心功能衰竭者9例,死于肾功能衰竭和呼吸功能衰竭者8例.11例出现急性肾功能衰竭的患者全部死亡.急性肾功能衰竭(r=0.734,P=0.000)、急性呼吸功能衰竭(r=0.606,P=0.000)和糖尿病(r=0.372,P=0.012)与死亡有相关关系.结论 尽管急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克的治疗有了很大的发展,但病死率仍然较高,主要死因是急性心力衰竭、急性肾功能衰竭和急性呼吸功能衰竭.要进一步降低急性心肌梗死合并心原性休克患者住院病死率,可能需要更好的循环辅助装置及加强重要器官的保护.     

急诊PCI联合主动脉内球囊反搏对急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的疗效

目的：探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）联合主动脉球囊反搏术（IABP）治疗急性心肌梗死（AMI）心源性休克患者的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析16例联合IABP行PCI治疗的AMI合并心源性休克患者的临床资料。结果：16例患者均成功置入IABP及行PCI术,IABP使用时间20～190（70.6±37.2）h,3例（18.75%）出现局部穿刺部位出血,经压迫后出血停止,除住院期间死亡1例（6.25%）,无重大并发症。结论：对于心源性休克患者,联合主动脉球囊反搏术行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗安全、有效。     

Intra-aortic balloon pump in acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock,efficiency, safety and mortality risk factors

Background and methodsCardiogenic shock remains one of the leading causes of death in patients with myocardial infarction. The Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has been widely used as a treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), despite recommendations against its routine use. In this paper, our aim is to analyze and share our own experience with IABP in the setting of AMI. We retrospectively reviewed the files of patients admitted with AMI and cardiogenic shock and for whom IABP was inserted between June 2016 and December 2022.Results300 patients with AMI and cardiogenic shock were admitted and benefited from IABP insertion and primary coronary revascularization. The overall mortality rate was 62.3%, the site related complication rate was 0.6%, and the overall complications rate (including site related and major bleeding) was 10.6%. There was a significantly higher mortality in the group of patients where the Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD) was the culprit lesion, in the group of patients who required dialysis, the group who had creatinine levels greater than 200 um/L compared to the group who had creatinine lower than 200 um/L, and in patients older than 70 years. Interestingly, no difference in mortality was observed between men and women, single versus multiple vessel disease, and between STEMI and non-STEMI patients.ConclusionMortality of AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock and treated by IABP remains high. However, IABP usage is associated with a low complication rate. Better selection criteria for IABP usage versus other more powerful mechanical circulatory support devices in such patients might improve the outcome for the patient.     

The use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: data from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2

BACKGROUND: Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains the leading cause of death in patients hospitalized with AMI. Although several studies have demonstrated the importance of establishing and maintaining a patent infarct-related artery, it remains unclear as to whether intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) provides incremental benefit to reperfusion therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IABP use is associated with lower in-hospital mortality rates in patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock in a large AMI registry. METHODS: We evaluated patients participating in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2 who had cardiogenic shock at initial examination or in whom cardiogenic shock developed during hospitalization (n = 23,180). RESULTS: The mean age of patients in the study was 72 years, 54% were men, and the majority were white. The overall mortality rate in all patients who had cardiogenic shock or in whom cardiogenic shock developed was 70%. IABP was used in 7268 (31%) patients. IABP use was associated with a significant reduction in mortality rates in patients who received thrombolytic therapy (67% vs 49%) but was not associated with any benefit in patients treated with primary angioplasty (45% vs 47%). In a multivariate model, the use of IABP in conjunction with thrombolytic therapy decreased the odds of death by 18% (odds ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.93). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock may have substantial benefit from IABP when used in combination with thrombolytic therapy.     

主动脉内球囊反搏术在急性心肌梗死治疗中的应用和对近期预后的影响

目的了解急性心肌梗死（AMI）治疗中主动脉内球囊反搏术（IABP）的应用、并发症发生率和对近期预后的影响。方法单中心注册研究。连续入选2004年10月至2008年7月间,就诊于北京安贞医院28病房置入IABP的所有AMI患者。结果806例AMI患者中,共有121例（15.0%）置入IABP。最常见指征为高危冠状动脉（冠脉）造影和（或）PCI术中和术后提供血流动力学支持（66.9%）和心源性休克（26.4%）。IABP置入成功率为98.3%,平均使用时间为34±16h。严重并发症发生率为0%。所有患者均进行了冠脉造影,93.4%在出院前施行了冠脉血管重建。总住院死亡率为13.2%（其中心源性休克患者34.4%）,住院死亡率因置入IABP指征不同和施行冠脉血管重建与否存在很大差异。结论IABP可成功应用于AMI的多种高危状况并提供必要的血流动力学支持,严重并发症罕见,联合冠脉血管重建治疗可降低死亡率。     

主动脉内球囊反搏辅助治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的临床分析

目的分析主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)辅助治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的临床疗效。方法选择急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的老年患者50例,观察置入IABP前后患者血流动力学变化、心功能、IABP并发症及预后情况。结果与IABP置入前比较,患者置入IABP后平均动脉压、心率、LVEF及心功能指标均得到不同程度的改善,无严重并发症出现,预后良好。结论 IABP辅助治疗急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克可能有效安全。     

主动脉内球囊反搏治疗急性心肌梗塞并心源性休克56例疗效观察

目的:观察主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)辅助治疗急性心肌梗塞(AMI)合并心源性休克的疗效。方法:对比分析56例AMI合并心源性休克患者应用IABP前后的血液动力学改变。结果:56例AMI合并心源性休克患者接受IABP治疗后血压[收缩压(113.3±17.5)mmHg∶(76.5±15.3)mmHg,舒张压(62.2±10.3)mmHg∶(31.1±10.2)mmHg]、心率[(82±14)次/min∶(118±27)次/min]、心指数[(3.91±1.12)L/min.m2∶(2.03±0.20)L/min.m2]较术前有显著改善(P均0.01)。结论:对急性心肌梗塞合并心源性休克患者行主动脉球囊反搏术可有效改善血流动力学状态,是有效的辅助治疗手段。     

Contemporary utilization and outcomes of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in acute myocardial infarction: the benchmark registry

OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine contemporary utilization patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) requiring intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) counterpulsation. BACKGROUND: Despite increasing experience with and broadened indications for intra-aortic counterpulsation, the current indications, associated complications, and clinical outcomes of IABP use in AMI are unknown. METHODS: Between June 1996 and August 2001, data were prospectively collected from 22,663 consecutive patients treated with aortic counterpulsation at 250 medical centers worldwide; 5,495 of these patients had AMI. RESULTS: Placement of an IABP in AMI patients was most frequently indicated for cardiogenic shock (27.3%), hemodynamic support during catheterization and/or angioplasty (27.2%) or prior to high-risk surgery (11.2%), mechanical complications of AMI (11.7%), and refractory post-myocardial infarction unstable angina (10.0%). Balloon insertions were successful in 97.7% of patients. Diagnostic catheterization was performed in 96% of patients, and 83% underwent coronary revascularization before hospital discharge. The in-hospital mortality rate was 20.0% (38.7% in patients with shock) and varied markedly by indication and use of revascularization procedures. Major IABP complications occurred in only 2.7% of patients, despite median use for three days, and early IABP discontinuation was required in only 2.1% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: With contemporary advances in device technology, insertion technique, and operator experience, IABP counterpulsation may be successfully employed for a wide variety of conditions in the AMI setting, providing significant hemodynamic support with rare major complications in a high-risk patient population.     

Revascularization,stenting, and outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock

Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated a reduction in mortality with early revascularization of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock, and recent single-center studies have particularly suggested further benefit for coronary stenting. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of revascularization and coronary stenting for patients with shock from a multicenter, international perspective. Patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock (n = 583) who enrolled between April 1999 and June 2001 were prospectively identified from the large, multinational, observational Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events. We examined the use of coronary reperfusion strategies, adjunctive therapy, and hospital mortality in this group of patients. Cardiac catheterization (52%) and revascularization (43%) were performed in approximately half of the cardiogenic shock patients. Elderly patients (age >/=75 years) comprised 40% of the shock cohort. Regional differences were seen in the use of revascularization, adjunctive medical therapy, and type of revascularization used (coronary stenting). Total hospital mortality was 59%, but case fatality rates ranged from 35% for patients who underwent coronary stenting to 74% for patients who did not undergo any cardiac catheterization. Percutaneous coronary intervention with coronary stenting was the most powerful predictor of hospital survival (odds ratio 3.99, 95% confidence interval 2.41 to 6.62). Thus, cardiogenic shock continues to be a devastating complication of AMI, and relative underuse of a revascularization strategy may be related to the large proportion of elderly patients in this population. In this multinational registry study, coronary stenting was the most powerful independent predictor of hospital survival.