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Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner Joan Neyra Tat S. Yau Giselle Soto Daniel Owusu Chao Zhang Candice Romero Young M. Yoo Miriam Gonzales Yeny Tinoco María Silva Eduar Bravo Nancy Rojas Serrano Eduardo Matos Victor Chavez-Perez Juan Carlos Castro Maria Esther Castillo Rachael Porter Cesar Munayco Angel Rodriguez Min Z. Levine Michael Prouty Mark G. Thompson Carmen Sofia Arriola 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2023,17(9):e13189
3.
Efficacy and long‐term durability of intradermal recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine among intramuscular vaccine nonresponders: A prospective study in healthcare personnel
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Or Kalchiem‐Dekel Daniel Grupel Lea Bouchnik Emanuel Sikuler Gil Ben‐Yakov 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2015,30(12):1782-1787
4.
Exploring the effect of previous inactivated influenza vaccination on seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza: Results of the European I‐MOVE multicentre test‐negative case‐control study, 2011/2012‐2016/2017
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Marta Valenciano Esther Kissling Amparo Larrauri Baltazar Nunes Daniela Pitigoi Joan O'Donnell Annicka Reuss Judit Krisztina Horváth Iwona Paradowska‐Stankiewicz Caterina Rizzo Alessandra Falchi Isabelle Daviaud Mia Brytting Adam Meijer Bernard Kaic Alin Gherasim Ausenda Machado Alina Ivanciuc Lisa Domegan Brunhilde Schweiger Annamária Ferenczi Monika Korczyńska Antonino Bella Ana‐Maria Vilcu Anne Mosnier Katherina Zakikhany Marit de Lange Sanja Kurečić Filipovićović Kari Johansen Alain Moren I‐MOVE primary care multicentre case‐control team 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2018,12(5):567-581
Background
Results of previous influenza vaccination effects on current season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) are inconsistent.Objectives
To explore previous influenza vaccination effects on current season VE among population targeted for vaccination.Methods
We used 2011/2012 to 2016/2017 I‐MOVE primary care multicentre test‐negative data. For each season, we compared current season adjusted VE (aVE) between individuals vaccinated and unvaccinated in previous season. Using unvaccinated in both seasons as a reference, we then compared aVE between vaccinated in both seasons, current only, and previous only.Results
We included 941, 2645 and 959 influenza‐like illness patients positive for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B, respectively, and 5532 controls. In 2011/2012, 2014/2015 and 2016/2017, A(H3N2) aVE point estimates among those vaccinated in previous season were ?68%, ?21% and ?19%, respectively; among unvaccinated in previous season, these were 33%, 48% and 46%, respectively (aVE not computable for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B). Compared to current season vaccination only, VE for both seasons' vaccination was (i) similar in two of four seasons for A(H3N2) (absolute difference [ad] 6% and 8%); (ii) lower in three of four seasons for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (ad 18%, 26% and 29%), in two seasons for influenza A(H3N2) (ad 27% and 39%) and in two of three seasons for influenza B (ad 26% and 37%); (iii) higher in one season for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (ad 20%) and influenza B (ad 24%).Conclusions
We did not identify any pattern of previous influenza vaccination effect. Prospective cohort studies documenting influenza infections, vaccinations and vaccine types are needed to understand previous influenza vaccinations' effects.5.
BackgroundIn 2021–2022, influenza A viruses dominated in Europe. The I‐MOVE primary care network conducted a multicentre test‐negative study to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE).MethodsPrimary care practitioners collected information on patients presenting with acute respiratory infection. Cases were influenza A(H3N2) or A(H1N1)pdm09 RT‐PCR positive, and controls were influenza virus negative. We calculated VE using logistic regression, adjusting for study site, age, sex, onset date, and presence of chronic conditions.ResultsBetween week 40 2021 and week 20 2022, we included over 11 000 patients of whom 253 and 1595 were positive for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2), respectively. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 75% (95% CI: 43–89) and 81% (95% CI: 45–93) among those aged 15–64 years. Overall VE against influenza A(H3N2) was 29% (95% CI: 12–42) and 25% (95% CI: −41 to 61), 33% (95% CI: 14–49), and 26% (95% CI: −22 to 55) among those aged 0–14, 15–64, and over 65 years, respectively. The A(H3N2) VE among the influenza vaccination target group was 20% (95% CI: −6 to 39). All 53 sequenced A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses belonged to clade 6B.1A.5a.1. Among 410 sequenced influenza A(H3N2) viruses, all but eight belonged to clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2.DiscussionDespite antigenic mismatch between vaccine and circulating strains for influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09, 2021–2022 VE estimates against circulating influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were the highest within the I‐MOVE network since the 2009 influenza pandemic. VE against A(H3N2) was lower than A(H1N1)pdm09, but at least one in five individuals vaccinated against influenza were protected against presentation to primary care with laboratory‐confirmed influenza. 相似文献
6.
Influenza‐like illness in healthcare personnel at a paediatric referral hospital: Clinical picture and impact of the disease
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Almudena Laris González Mónica Villa Guillén Briceida López Martínez Ana E. Gamiño Arroyo Sarbelio Moreno Espinosa Rodolfo Norberto Jiménez Juárez José Luis Sánchez Huerta Daniela de la Rosa Zamboni 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2018,12(4):475-481
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Helge Hollmeyer Frederick Hayden Anthony Mounts Udo Buchholz 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2013,7(4):604-621
Please cite this paper as: Hollmeyer et al. (2012) Review: interventions to increase influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in hospitals. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(4), 604–621. Annual influenza vaccination rates among hospital healthcare workers (HCW) are almost universally low despite recommendations from WHO and public health authorities in many countries. To assist in the development of successful vaccination programmes, we reviewed studies where interventions aimed to increase the uptake of influenza vaccination among hospital HCW. We searched PUBMED from 1990 up to December 2011 for publications with predetermined search strategies and of pre‐defined criteria for inclusion or exclusion. We evaluated a large number of ‘intervention programmes’ each employing one or more ‘intervention components’ or strategies, such as easy access to vaccine or educational activities, with the goal to raise influenza vaccine uptake rates in hospital HCW during one influenza season. Included studies reported results of intervention programmes and compared the uptake with the season prior to the intervention (historical control) or to another intervention programme within the same season that started from the same set of baseline activities. Twenty‐five studies performed in eight countries met our selection criteria and described 45 distinct intervention programmes. Most studies used their own facility as historical control and evaluated only one season. The following elements were used in intervention programmes that increased vaccine uptake: provision of free vaccine, easy access to the vaccine (e.g. through mobile carts or on‐site vaccination), knowledge and behaviour modification through educational activities and/or reminders and/or incentives, management or organizational changes, such as the assignment of personnel dedicated to the intervention programme, long‐term implementation of the strategy, requiring active declination and mandatory immunization policies. The number of these components applied appeared to be proportional to the increase in uptake. If influenza uptake in hospital HCW is to be increased on sustained basis, hospital managers need to be committed to conduct a well‐designed long‐term intervention programme that includes a variety of co‐ordinated managerial and organizational elements. 相似文献
8.
School‐based surveillance for influenza vaccine effectiveness during 2014‐2015 seasons in Hong Kong
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Ting F. Leung Renee W. Y. Chan Angela Kwok Wendy C. S. Ho Mars K. P. Tao Kam L. Hon Frankie W. T. Cheng Albert M. Li Paul K. S. Chan 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2017,11(4):319-327
9.
Factors associated with influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in acute care hospitals in Canada
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Hadia Hussain Allison McGeer Shelly McNeil Kevin Katz Mark Loeb Andrew Simor Jeff Powis Joanne Langley Matthew Muller The Canadian Health Care Worker Study Group Brenda L. Coleman 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2018,12(3):319-325
Background
Influenza vaccine coverage rates among healthcare workers (HCWs) in acute care facilities in Canada remain below national targets.Objective
To determine factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake among HCWs.Methods
This secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study included HCWs aged 18‐69 years, working ≥20 h/wk in a Canadian acute care hospital. Questionnaires were administered to participants in the fall of the season of participation (2011/12‐2013/14) which captured demographic/household characteristics, medical histories, occupational, behavioural and risk factors for influenza. Generalized estimating equation logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with vaccine uptake in the season of participation.Results
The adjusted odds ratio for influenza vaccination in the current season was highest for those vaccinated in 3 of 3 previous seasons (OR 156; 95% CI 98, 248) followed by those vaccinated in 2 of 3 and 1 of 3 previous seasons when compared with those not vaccinated. Compared with nurses, physicians (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.4, 13.2) and support services staff (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.3, 2.4) had higher odds ratios for vaccine uptake. Conversely, HCWs identifying as Black had lower odds of uptake compared with those with European ancestry (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26‐0.75) when adjusted for other factors in the model.Conclusion
Healthcare workers differ in their annual uptake of influenza vaccine based on their past vaccination history, occupation and ethnicity. These findings indicate a need to determine whether there are other vaccine‐hesitant groups within healthcare settings and learn which approaches are successful in increasing their uptake of influenza vaccines. 相似文献10.
Esther Kissling Francisco Pozo Iván Martínez-Baz Silke Buda Ana-Maria Vilcu Lisa Domegan Clara Mazagatos Frederika Dijkstra Neus Latorre-Margalef Sanja Kurečić Filipović Ausenda Machado Mihaela Lazar Itziar Casado Ralf Dürrwald Sylvie van der Werf Joan O'Donnell Juan Antonio Linares Dopido Adam Meijer Maximilian Riess Vesna Višekruna Vučina Ana Paula Rodrigues Maria Elena Mihai Jesús Castilla Luise Goerlitz Alessandra Falchi Jeff Connell Daniel Castrillejo Mariette Hooiveld Annasara Carnahan Maja Ilić Raquel Guiomar Alina Ivanciuc Marine Maurel Ajibola Omokanye Marta Valenciano I-MOVE study team 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2023,17(1):e13069
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Estimating vaccine effectiveness in preventing laboratory‐confirmed influenza in outpatient settings in South Africa, 2015
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Johanna M. McAnerney Sibongile Walaza Stefano Tempia Lucille Blumberg Florette K. Treurnicht Shabir A. Madhi Ziyaad Valley‐Omar Cheryl Cohen 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2017,11(2):177-181
Trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness during the 2015 season in South Africa was assessed using a test‐negative case control study design. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was the dominant circulating strain. Overall influenza vaccine coverage was 3.2% (29/899). The vaccine effectiveness estimate, against any influenza virus infection, adjusted for age, underlying conditions and timing within season was 46.2% (95% CI: ?23.5 to 76.5), and 53.6% (95% CI: ?62.6 to 80.3) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. 相似文献
12.
Mark A. Katz Madelyn Yiseth Rojas Castro Nabil Seyidov M. Trent Herdman Samir Mehdiyev C. Jason McKnight Alina Guseinova Radu Cojocaru Jason Doran Barbara Mühlemann Christian Drosten Javahir Suleymanova Richard Pebody Esther Kissling Gahraman Hagverdiyev 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2023,17(10):e13147
Background
Healthcare workers (HCWs) have suffered considerable morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Few studies have evaluated the CoronaVac vaccine effectiveness (VE), particularly in Eastern Europe, where the vaccine has been widely used.Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study among HCWs in seven hospitals in Baku, Azerbaijan between May 17 and November 30, 2021, to evaluate primary series (two-dose) CoronaVac VE against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants completed weekly symptom questionnaires, provided nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing when symptomatic, and provided serology samples at enrollment that were tested for anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies. We estimated VE as (1 – hazard ratio)*100 using a Cox proportional hazards model with vaccination status as a time-varying exposure, adjusting for hospital and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection status.Results
We enrolled 1582 HCWs. At enrollment, 1040 (66%) had received two doses of CoronaVac; 421 (27%) were unvaccinated. During the study period, 72 PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 infections occurred; 36/39 (92%) sequenced samples were classified as Delta variants. Primary series VE against COVID-19 illness was 29% (95% CI: −51%; 67%) for the entire analysis period. For the Delta-only period (July 1–November 30, 2021), primary series VE was 19% (95% CI: −81%; 64%). For the entire analysis period, primary series VE was 39% (95% CI: −40%; 73%) for HCWs vaccinated within 14–149 days and 19% (95% CI: −81%; 63%) for those vaccinated ≥150 days.Conclusions
During a period in Azerbaijan characterized by mostly Delta circulation, VE point estimates suggested that primary series CoronaVac protected nearly 1 in 3 HCWs against COVID-19, but 95% confidence intervals were wide, with lower bounds that crossed zero, reflecting the limited precision of our VE estimates. Our findings underscore the need to consider booster doses for individuals who have received the primary series of CoronaVac. 相似文献13.
2015/16 I‐MOVE/I‐MOVE+ multicentre case‐control study in Europe: Moderate vaccine effectiveness estimates against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and low estimates against lineage‐mismatched influenza B among children
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Esther Kissling Marta Valenciano Francisco Pozo Ana‐Maria Vilcu Annicka Reuss Caterina Rizzo Amparo Larrauri Judit Krisztina Horváth Mia Brytting Lisa Domegan Monika Korczyńska Adam Meijer Ausenda Machado Alina Ivanciuc Vesna Višekruna Vučina Sylvie van der Werf Brunhilde Schweiger Antonino Bella Alin Gherasim Annamária Ferenczi Katherina Zakikhany Joan O′Donnell Iwona Paradowska‐Stankiewicz Frederika Dijkstra Raquel Guiomar Mihaela Lazar Sanja Kurečić Filipović Kari Johansen Alain Moren I‐MOVE/I‐MOVE+ study team 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2018,12(4):423-437
Background
During the 2015/16 influenza season in Europe, the cocirculating influenza viruses were A(H1N1)pdm09 and B/Victoria, which was antigenically distinct from the B/Yamagata component in the trivalent influenza vaccine.Methods
We used the test‐negative design in a multicentre case‐control study in twelve European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended influenza‐like illness (ILI) laboratory‐confirmed as influenza. General practitioners swabbed a systematic sample of consulting ILI patients and a random sample of influenza‐positive swabs was sequenced. We calculated adjusted VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic group 6B.1 and influenza B overall and by age group.Results
We included 11 430 ILI patients, of which 2272 were influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 2901 were influenza B cases. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 32.9% (95% CI: 15.5‐46.7). Among those aged 0‐14, 15‐64 and ≥65 years, VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 31.9% (95% CI: ? 32.3 to 65.0), 41.4% (95% CI: 20.5‐56.7) and 13.2% (95% CI: ? 38.0 to 45.3), respectively. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic group 6B.1 was 32.8% (95% CI: ? 4.1 to 56.7). Among those aged 0‐14, 15‐64 and ≥65 years, VE against influenza B was ? 47.6% (95% CI: ? 124.9 to 3.1), 27.3% (95% CI: ? 4.6 to 49.4) and 9.3% (95% CI: ? 44.1 to 42.9), respectively.Conclusions
Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and its genetic group 6B.1 was moderate in children and adults, and low among individuals ≥65 years. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza B was low and heterogeneous among age groups. More information on effects of previous vaccination and previous infection is needed to understand the VE results against influenza B in the context of a mismatched vaccine.14.
Yeny O. Tinoco Eduardo Azziz‐Baumgartner Hugo Rázuri Matthew R. Kasper Candice Romero Ernesto Ortiz Jorge Gomez Marc‐Alain Widdowson Timothy M. Uyeki Robert H. Gilman Daniel G. Bausch Joel M. Montgomery the Peru Influenza Cohorts Working Group 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2016,10(4):301-309
15.
Hin Peow Ho Xiahong Zhao Junxiong Pang Mark I.‐C. Chen Vernon J. M. Lee Li Wei Ang Raymond V. Tzer Pin Lin Christine Q. Gao Li Yang Hsu Alex R. Cook 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2014,8(5):557-566
Background
Limited information is available about seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in tropical communities.Objectives
Virus subtype-specific VE was determined for all military service personnel in the recruit camp and three other non-recruit camp in Singapore''s Armed Forces from 1 June 2009 to 30 June 2012.Methods
Consenting servicemen underwent nasal washes, which were tested with RT-PCR and subtyped. The test positive case and test negative control design was used to estimate the VE. To estimate the overall effect of the programme on new recruits, we used an ecological time series approach.Results
A total of 7016 consultations were collected. The crude estimates for the VE of the triavalent vaccine against both influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B were 84% (95% CI 78–88%, 79–86%, respectively). Vaccine efficacy against influenza A(H3N2) was markedly lower (VE 33%, 95% CI −4% to 57%). An estimated 70% (RR = 0·30; 95% CI 0·11–0·84), 39% (RR = 0·61;0·25–1·43) and 75% (RR = 0·25; 95% CI 0·11–0·50) reduction in the risk of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H3N2) and influenza B infections, respectively, in the recruit camp during the post-vaccination period compared with during the pre-vaccination period was observed.Conclusions
Overall, the blanket influenza vaccine programme in Singapore''s Armed Forces has had a moderate to high degree of protection against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B, but not against influenza A(H3N2). Blanket influenza vaccination is recommended for all military personnel. 相似文献16.
Grace D. Appiah Jessie R. Chung Brendan Flannery Fiona P. Havers Richard K. Zimmerman Mary Patricia Nowalk Arnold S. Monto Emily T. Martin Manjusha Gaglani Kempapura Murthy Lisa A. Jackson Michael L. Jackson Huong Q. McLean Edward A. Belongia Alicia M. Fry 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2019,13(2):133-137
Over five seasons, we determined the proportion of outpatients with laboratory‐confirmed, influenza‐associated illness who were hospitalized within 30 days following the outpatient visit. Overall, 136 (1.7%) of 7813 influenza‐positive patients were hospitalized a median of 4 days after an outpatient visit. Patients aged ≥ 65 years and those with high‐risk conditions were at increased risk of hospitalization. After controlling for age and high‐risk conditions, vaccination status and infecting influenza virus type were not associated with hospitalization risk among adults. 相似文献
17.
Jacques Ppin Philippe De Wals Annie-Claude Labb Alex Carignan Marie-Elise Parent Jennifer Yu Louis Valiquette Marie-Claude Rousseau 《传染性疾病的发现RMTC(加拿大)》2021,47(10):430
BackgroundWe carried out a case-control study that examined whether receipt of the inactivated influenza vaccine during the 2019–2020 season impacted on the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as there was a concern that the vaccine could be detrimental through viral interference.MethodsA total of 920 cases with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (diagnosed between March and October 2020) and 2,123 uninfected controls were recruited from those who were born in Québec between 1956 and 1976 and who had received diagnostic services at two hospitals (Montréal and Sherbrooke, Québec). After obtaining consent, a questionnaire was administered by phone. Data were analyzed by logistic regression.ResultsAmong healthcare workers, inactivated influenza vaccine received during the previous influenza season was not associated with increased COVID-19 risk (AOR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.69–1.41). Among participants who were not healthcare workers, influenza vaccination was associated with lower odds of COVID-19 (AOR: 0.73, 95% CI 0.56–0.96).ConclusionWe found no evidence that seasonal influenza vaccine increased the risk of developing COVID-19. 相似文献
18.
Cheryl Cohen Meredith L. McMorrow Neil A. Martinson Kathleen Kahn Florette K. Treurnicht Jocelyn Moyes Thulisa Mkhencele Orienka Hellferscee Limakatso Lebina Matebejane Moroe Katlego Motlhaoleng Francesc Xavier GmezOliv Ryan Wagner Stephen Tollman Floidy Wafawanaka Sizzy Ngobeni Jackie Kleynhans Azwifari Mathunjwa Amelia Buys Lorens Maake Nicole Wolter Maimuna Carrim Stuart Piketh Brigitte Language Angela Mathee Anne von Gottberg Stefano Tempia for the PHIRST group 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2021,15(6):789
PurposeThe PHIRST study (Prospective Household cohort study of Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial virus, and other respiratory pathogens community burden and Transmission dynamics in South Africa) aimed to estimate the community burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) including the incidence of infection, symptomatic fraction, and to assess household transmission.ParticipantsWe enrolled 1684 individuals in 327 randomly selected households in a rural and an urban site over three consecutive influenza and two RSV seasons. A new cohort of households was enrolled each year. Participants were sampled with nasopharyngeal swabs twice‐weekly during the RSV and influenza seasons of the year of enrolment. Serology samples were collected at enrolment and before and after the influenza season annually.Findings to DateThere were 122 113 potential individual follow‐up visits over the 3 years, and participants were interviewed for 105 783 (87%) of these. Out of 105 683 nasopharyngeal swabs, 1258 (1%) and 1026 (1%) tested positive on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for influenza viruses and RSV, respectively. Over one third of individuals had PCR‐confirmed influenza each year. Overall, there was influenza transmission to 10% of household contacts of an index case.Future PlansFuture planned analyses include analysis of influenza serology results and RSV burden and transmission. Households enrolled in the PHIRST study during 2016–2018 were eligible for inclusion in a study of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission initiated in July 2020. This study uses similar testing frequency to assess the community burden of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the role of asymptomatic infection in virus transmission. 相似文献
19.
Nicki L. Boddington Punam Mangtani Hongxin Zhao Neville Q. Verlander Joanna Ellis Nick Andrews Richard G. Pebody 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2022,16(5):897
IntroductionIn 2013, the United Kingdom began to roll‐out a universal annual influenza vaccination program for children. An important component of any new vaccination program is measuring its effectiveness. Live‐attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) have since shown mixed results with vaccine effectiveness (VE) varying across seasons and countries elsewhere. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in children against severe disease during the first three seasons of the LAIV program in England.MethodsUsing the screening method, LAIV vaccination coverage in children hospitalized with laboratory‐confirmed influenza infection was compared with vaccination coverage in 2–6‐year‐olds in the general population to estimate VE in 2013/14–2015/16.ResultsThe overall LAIV VE, adjusted for age group, week/month and geographical area, for all influenza types pooled over the three influenza seasons was 50.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 31.2, 63.8). By age, there was evidence of protection against hospitalization from influenza vaccination in both the pre‐school (2–4‐year‐olds) (48.1%, 95% CI 27.2, 63.1) and school‐aged children (5–6‐year‐olds) (62.6%, 95% CI 2.6, 85.6) over the three seasons.ConclusionLAIV vaccination in children provided moderate annual protection against laboratory‐confirmed influenza‐related hospitalization in England over the three influenza seasons. This study contributes further to the limited literature to date on influenza VE against severe disease in children. 相似文献
20.
Evaluation of influenza vaccine effectiveness and description of circulating strains in outpatient settings in South Africa, 2014
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Johanna M. McAnerney Florette Treurnicht Sibongile Walaza Adam L. Cohen Stefano Tempia Senzo Mtshali Amelia Buys Lucille Blumberg Cheryl Cohen 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2015,9(4):209-215
The effectiveness of the trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine during the 2014 season in South Africa was assessed using a test-negative case–control study design including 472 cases and 362 controls. Influenza A(H3N2) was the dominant strain circulating. The overall vaccine effectiveness estimate, adjusted for age and underlying conditions, was 43·1% (95% CI: −26·8–74·5). 2014 H3N2 viruses from South Africa were mainly in sublineage 3C.3 with accumulation of amino acid changes that differentiate them from the vaccine strain in 3C.1. 相似文献