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1.
MRI定量参数评估肠道克罗恩病病变活动性   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
目的 探讨MRI定量参数ADC与容积转运常数(Ktrans)评估肠道克罗恩病(CD)病变活动性的应用价值。方法 收集50例回盲部单发病灶的CD患者,依次行常规MR、DWI和动态增强MRI(DCE-MRI)扫描,测量ADC和Ktrans值,同时评估患者Harvey-Bradshow指数(HBI)和血清C反应蛋白(CRP)浓度。根据HBI将50例患者分为重度活动组、轻中度活动组及静止组,比较3组间Ktrans、ADC值的差异;对Ktrans、ADC值与对应的HBI、CRP行相关性分析。结果 50例CD患者中,静止组16例、轻中度活动组21例、重度活动组13例。3组Ktrans、ADC值的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。病变肠壁Ktrans值与HBI呈正相关(r=0.635,P<0.001),与CRP呈正相关(r=0.764,P<0.001);ADC值与HBI呈负相关(r=-0.614,P<0.001),与CRP呈负相关(r=-0.490,P<0.001)。病变肠壁HBI与CRP呈正相关(r=0.755,P<0.001),Ktrans与ADC值呈负相关(r=-0.348,P=0.013)。结论 MRI定量参数Ktrans和ADC可反映CD活动状态,且Ktrans的稳定性和敏感性优于ADC。  相似文献   

2.
目的 分析磨玻璃密度(GGO)肺腺癌血管异常CT表现与病理亚型及磨玻璃分型的相关性。方法 收集经手术病理证实的50例GGO密度肺腺癌患者的影像学及病理资料,观察病灶内血管的走行及其异常表现(增粗、增多),分析血管异常表现与病灶的病理亚型及磨玻璃分型的相关性。结果 共55个GGO肺腺癌病灶,浸润前病变5个,均无血管增粗,1个原位癌病灶仅出现血管增多;微浸润腺癌(MIA)16个,11个出现血管增粗,16个血管增多;浸润腺癌(IAC)34个,均有血管增粗及增多。浸润前病变、MIA、IAC 3个病理亚型血管增粗、血管增多的整体差异均有统计学意义(χ2=27.67、20.08,P均<0.05),且病理亚型与血管增粗和血管增多均存在相关性(r=0.61、0.66,P均<0.01)。两两比较,浸润前病变、MIA、IAC血管增粗差异均有统计学意义(浸润前病变与MIA:χ2=9.19,P=0.01;浸润前病变与IAC:χ2=29.87,P<0.01;MIA与IAC:χ2=12.63,P<0.01)。两两比较,浸润前病变与MIA、浸润前病变与IAC血管增多差异均有统计学意义(χ2=15.45、20.79,P均<0.01)。55个GGO肺腺癌病灶中,25个为纯GGO(pGGO),出现血管增粗17个,血管增多21个;30个为混杂GGO(mGGO),出现血管增粗28个,血管增多30个。pGGO和mGGO肺腺癌血管增粗和血管增多的差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.12、6.69,P均<0.05)。结论 GGO肺腺癌血管增粗及增多提示病变浸润性增加,血管增粗及增多均可单独出现。  相似文献   

3.
目的 采用CT小肠造影(CTE)探讨克罗恩病回结肠病变与是否伴发肛瘘之间的关系。方法 连续收集在本院确诊为克罗恩病回结肠病变活动期且接受CTE及肛管MRI的患者28例,其中肛瘘组16例、无肛瘘组12例,计算患者回盲部及结直肠病变的数目、最大病变的长度及相邻病变间的最小距离,并通过秩和检验分析2组间是否具有差异。结果 28例患者中,肛瘘组87.50%(14/16)累及左半结肠或直肠,无肛瘘组50.00%(6/12)累及左半结肠或直肠,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.135,P<0.05);肛瘘组回结肠克罗恩病的平均病变数目为3.06个,非肛瘘组为2.91个,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肛瘘组最大病变长度为(12.79±8.30)cm,无肛瘘组为(7.04±3.09)cm,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肛瘘组相邻病变间的最小距离为(5.23±2.98)cm,无肛瘘组为(8.44±2.87)cm,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.095,P<0.05)。结论 克罗恩病是否发生肛瘘与病变位置及相邻病变间的距离有关,而与病变的数目和最大病变长度无关。  相似文献   

4.
目的 对比观察数字乳腺断层摄影(DBT)与全数字化乳腺X线摄影(FFDM)评价乳腺结构扭曲(AD)病变的优势,探讨DBT与超声鉴别乳腺良恶性AD的价值。方法 回顾性分析58例经DBT检出AD病变患者的DBT、FFDM及超声资料,以病理结果为标准,比较DBT与FFDM评价乳腺AD的敏感度、特异度、准确率,分析DBT与超声鉴别乳腺良恶性AD与病理结果的一致性;绘制DBT与超声鉴别乳腺良恶性AD的ROC曲线,比较其诊断效能。结果 所有病例均接受FFDM,41例接受超声检查。对于DBT检出的58例乳腺AD,FFDM仅发现23例,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.03,P<0.05)。DBT评估致密型乳腺内AD的敏感度[80.65%(25/31)]及准确率[78.00%(39/50)]高于FFDM[35.48%(11/31)、48.00%(24/50),χ2=12.98、9.65,P均<0.05),而特异度[73.68%(14/19)]与FFDM[68.42%(13/19)]差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.13,P>0.05)。DBT及超声鉴别乳腺AD良恶性的结果与病理结果的一致性中等(Kappa=0.65、0.71,P均<0.05)。DBT及超声鉴别良恶性AD的敏感度、特异度分别为91.30%(21/23)、72.22%(13/18)及82.61%(19/23)、88.89%(16/18),AUC差异无统计学意义(Z=1.45,P>0.05)。结论 DBT评估乳腺AD的敏感度及准确率均高于FFDM;DBT鉴别乳腺AD良恶性的效能与超声相当。DBT检出AD的恶性程度较高,建议及时行活检确诊。  相似文献   

5.
目的 观察3D动脉自旋标记(3D ASL)、弥散张量成像(DTI)联合常规MRI鉴别诊断颅内血管外皮细胞瘤(HPC)与血管瘤型脑膜瘤(AM)的价值。方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的15例HPC(HPC组)与11例AM(AM组),分析2组临床表现、MRI(包括平扫、增强、DTI、3D ASL)征象及功能成像参数差异。结果 HPC组平均脑血流量(CBF)及各向异性分数(FA)均低于AM组(t=-8.99,P<0.01;t=-3.66,P<0.01),表观弥散系数(ADC)高于AM组(t=2.61,P=0.02);HPC组高灌注区和低灌注区CBF均低于AM组(t=-15.13,P<0.01;t=-8.30,P<0.01);HPC组平均发病年龄低于AM组(t=-2.39,P=0.02),性别差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.69,P=0.19);相比AM组,HPC组更易出现分叶征(χ2=9.09,P<0.01)及囊变坏死(χ2=9.38,P<0.01),HPC病灶T1WI以等高信号为主(χ2=27.78,P<0.01)、T2WI以等低信号为主(χ2=16.33,P<0.01),瘤周水肿程度轻(χ2=19.25,P<0.01),血管流空影更常见且更粗大(χ2=9.02,P=0.01),多与硬脑膜多为窄基底相连(χ2=28.54,P<0.01)而脑膜尾征少见(χ2=25.00,P<0.01)。结论 HPC与AM的MRI征象及各功能成像参数值存在一定差异,可为鉴别诊断提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
超声萤火虫技术检测乳腺肿物微小钙化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨超声萤火虫技术在检测乳腺肿物微小钙化中的临床应用价值。方法 收集已接受手术或穿刺活检的乳腺肿物患者46例,常规超声共发现69个肿物,选取经X线钼靶摄影和病理结果均证实存在微小钙化的56个肿物作为研究对象,分析56个肿物经常规超声及萤火虫成像技术检测到肿物内微小钙化情况,包括两种技术发现微小钙化的病灶例数,微小钙化的形态及排列特征,比较常规超声与萤火虫技术显示微小钙化的差异。结果 56个肿物中,病理证实恶性肿物42个,良性肿物14个,萤火虫技术检测到微小钙化肿物48个,常规超声检测到微小钙化肿物33个,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.84,P<0.01),42个恶性肿物中,萤火虫技术检测到微小钙化肿物39个,高于常规超声的28个,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.07,P<0.01)。萤火虫技术检测到良性肿物内微小钙化9个,常规超声检出5个,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。常规超声检出的钙化灶大小形态不一,呈点状(n=12)、短棒状(n=6)及多种形态组合型钙化(n=15),而萤火虫技术显示微小钙化均呈现颗粒状或细小的针尖样强光点。常规超声显示的微小钙化的分布特征为局域性(5例,其中恶性3例)、弥漫性散在分布(3例,其中恶性2例)、节段性(6例,其中恶性5例)及簇状分布(19例,其中恶性18例)。萤火虫技术显示的微小钙化分布则为局域性、弥漫性散在分布及簇状分布。萤火虫技术显示的良、恶性乳腺肿物内微小钙化的分布特征差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.11,P<0.01)。结论 超声萤火虫技术可用于检出乳腺肿物微小钙化,在乳腺良恶性肿物鉴别、乳腺癌早期诊断及超声引导下乳腺穿刺活检方面具有重要的价值。  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨全视野数字化乳腺摄影(FFDM)及数字乳腺断层摄影(DBT)对致密型乳腺内病变的诊断价值。方法 收集经病理证实的176例乳腺病变患者,均为致密型乳腺,分别采用FFDM、DBT、FFDM联合DBT进行诊断。以病理结果作为金标准,评价FFDM、FFDM联合DBT对致密型乳腺内病变的诊断价值;比较FFDM与DBT对致密型乳腺内结构扭曲、不同病理类型乳腺癌的检出率及对病灶边缘特征的显示情况。结果 176例中,良性病变83例,恶性病变93例。单纯采用FFDM及以FFDM联合DBT鉴别致密型乳腺内病变良恶性的敏感度分别为77.42%(72/93)、90.32%(84/93),特异度分别为55.42%(46/83)、71.08%(59/83),ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.757、0.885。FFDM、DBT对致密型乳腺内恶性肿块型病变的诊断敏感度分别为81.43%(57/70)、92.86%(65/70),特异度分别为56.52%(26/46)、76.09%(35/46),AUC分别为0.787、0.895。恶性肿块中,FFDM、DBT对毛刺征的检出率分别为31.43%(22/70)、54.29%(38/70),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.467,P=0.006)。DBT检出结构扭曲22例,FFDM仅检出其中5例,差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.704,P<0.001)。FFDM及DBT对原位癌的检出率均为84.62%(11/13);对浸润癌的检出率分别为77.22%(61/79)、92.41%(73/79),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.075,P=0.008)。结论 对于致密型乳腺,DBT可提高病变检出率,FFDM联合DBT具有较高诊断效能。  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨MR T2* mapping技术评估干燥综合征(SS)涎腺病变的价值。方法 前瞻性收集43例临床确诊的SS患者(SS组)和40名健康志愿者(对照组),对双侧腮腺及颌下腺行含T2* mapping的MR扫描,测量腺体T2*值。基于T1WI、T2WI及MR涎腺导管成像对腮腺、颌下腺进行形态学诊断,对比SS组与对照组间腮腺、颌下腺T2*值的差异。以Logistic回归联合ROC曲线评估MR形态学、T2*值及二者联合对SS涎腺病变的诊断效能。比较不同诊断方式对同种病变诊断、同一诊断方式对不同病变诊断准确率的差异,分析T2*值测量结果观察者内及观察者间的一致性。结果 SS组双侧腮腺平均T2*值[(12.88±3.37)ms vs(10.18±1.88)ms,t=-6.40,P<0.01)及双侧颌下腺平均T2*值[(23.58±3.73)ms vs(21.36±1.86)ms,t=-0.49,P<0.01)均明显高于对照组。MR形态学与T2*值联合诊断SS腮腺及颌下腺病变的准确率均明显高于独立诊断(腮腺病变:Z=0.803、4.471,P均<0.01;颌下腺病变:Z=8.398、5.329,P均<0.01),而单纯MR形态学与单纯T2*值诊断的准确率差异均无统计学意义(腮腺病变:Z=1.388,P=0.165;颌下腺病变:Z=0.553,P=0.579)。在腮腺病变和颌下腺病变之间,单纯MR形态学(Z=2.525,P=0.05)、T2*值(Z=0.677,P=0.498)及二者联合(Z=0.207,P=0.835)的诊断准确率差异均无统计学意义。观察者内及观察者间T2*值测量的一致性均较好。结论 T2* mapping技术测量T2*值能够评估SS早期腮腺、颌下腺病变,与MR形态学联合应用可提高诊断准确率。  相似文献   

9.
目的 对比基于逐层匀场技术弥散加权成像(iShim-DWI)与常规弥散加权成像(DWI)图像质量,评估iShim-DWI对膀胱癌的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析70例经手术病理证实的膀胱癌患者,依据TNM分期将其分为肌层浸润性膀胱癌(MIBC)组(n=34)和非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)组(n=36),根据术后病理分级分为低级别尿路上皮癌组(n=38)和高级别尿路上皮癌组(n=32)。观察常规DWI和iShim-DWI图像质量的差异。测量iShim-DWI病灶表观弥散系数(ADC),比较NMIBC组与MIBC组、高、低级别尿路上皮癌组ADC差异。以受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估ADC鉴别膀胱癌肌层浸润及高、低级别膀胱癌和T2WI、传统DWI及iShim-DWI诊断膀胱癌肌层浸润的效能。结果 2名医师对iShim-DWI图像的主观评分均高于传统DWI(P均<0.01)。NMIBC组ADC[1.12(1.06,1.18)×10-3 mm2/s]大于MIBC组[0.81(0.75,0.83)×10-3 mm2/s,Z=-6.79,P<0.01],ADC鉴别MIBC与NMIBC的AUC为0.97;低级别尿路上皮癌组ADC[1.13(1.06,1.17)×10-3 mm2/s]大于高级别尿路上皮癌组[0.80(0.74,0.82)×10-3 mm2/s,Z=-6.79,P<0.01],AUC为0.99。基于T2WI+常规DWI诊断膀胱癌肌层浸润的AUC均低于T2WI+iShim-DWI(P均<0.05)。结论 iShim-DWI有助于评估膀胱癌病理分级及肌层浸润,且图像质量优于常规DWI。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨不同影像学检查方法对原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(PHPT)的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析经病理学检查证实的109例PHPT患者的临床资料,将其超声、MRI、CT、99Tcm-MIBI检查定位诊断结果与手术后病理学结果比较分析。结果 109例PHPT中,甲状旁腺癌11例(11/109,10.09%),增生16例(16/109,14.67%),甲状旁腺瘤82例(82/109,75.23%),包括单发病灶74例(74/109,67.89%),双侧腺瘤8例(8/109,7.34%)。腺瘤、增生、腺癌组病灶发生部位的差异有统计学意义(χ2=36.151,P<0.001)。99Tcm-MIBI、MRI、CT、超声术前检查定位的准确率分别为83.50%(81/97)、72.22%(13/18)、68.51%(37/54)、67.67%(67/99),差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.826,P=0.185);超声明显低于99Tcm-MIBI检查(χ2=6.638, P=0.001),CT明显低于99Tcm-MIBI检查(χ2=4.562,P=0.033),CT与MRI的定位诊断准确率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.153,P=0.283)。对于术后病理诊断直径<1 cm的病变,99Tcm-MIBI、超声、CT、MRI术前检查定位的准确率分别为77.27%(17/22)、35.00%(7/20)、61.53%(8/13)、66.67%(2/3),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.881,P=0.049),99Tcm-MIBI的定位准确率高于超声(χ2=7.664,P=0.006),但与CT、MRI的差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.154,P=0.175)。结论 对PHPT进行定位诊断时,超声仍是首选检查,99Tcm-MIBI双时相显像的诊断价值最高。  相似文献   

11.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

12.
目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

13.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly. Issue 4 for 2009 contains 4027 complete reviews, 1906 protocols for reviews in production, and 11447 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 600,000 randomized controlled trials, and 12,200 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 7500 citations. This edition of the Library contains 90 new reviews, of which 19 have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

20.
ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.  相似文献   

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