青春早中期心理应激对青少年健康危险行为的预测作用

  目的  探讨青春早中期心理应激对青少年健康危险行为的预测作用,为早期识别青少年健康危险行为发生风险提供依据。  方法  于2018年4月从重庆市4所中小学通过立意抽样招募1 046名五至八年级中小学生,采用问卷调查和体格检查的方法收集调查对象基本情况和心理应激水平;于2018年10月收集健康危险行为自我报告情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析青春早中期心理应激与青少年健康危险行为的关系。  结果  青少年健康危险行为报告率由高到低分别为不合理运动(62.05%)、偏食行为(24.76%)、打架(21.03%)、自杀意念(17.02%)、离家出走意念(9.85%)、情绪不良(8.80%)、吸烟(4.21%)、喝酒(3.73%)、赌博(3.63%)、网络成瘾(3.06%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高水平心理应激与打架(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.01~1.03)、自杀意念(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.01~1.03)、情绪不良(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.01~1.03)、离家出走意念(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.01~1.03)、不合理运动(OR=1.01,95%CI=1.00~1.02)、吸烟(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.00~1.03)、网络成瘾(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.00~1.03)、偏食(OR=1.01,95%CI=1.01~1.02)和赌博行为(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.01~1.04)呈正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  青少年健康危险行为以不合理运动和偏食行为报告率相对较高,青春早中期心理应激状况对青少年健康危险行为报告风险具有正向预测作用。     

Suicidal ideation and associated factors among school-going adolescents in Thailand

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify associations between suicidal ideation and indicators of psychosocial distress and social-environmental factors in Thai adolescents. Using data from the Thailand Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) 2008, we assessed the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associated factors among adolescents (N = 2,758). Overall the prevalence of suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was 8.8% (9.9% males and 7.7% females). Variables influenced the suicidal ideation in multivariable analysis were sadness (Odds Ratio = OR: 6.03; 95% Confidence Interval = CI (3.00-12.14), lack of parental attachment (OR = 2.26, CI = 1.09-4.67), current alcohol use (OR = 2.32, 1.21-4.44), and ever having had sexual intercourse (OR = 4.16, CI = 3.40-7.68). Psychosocial, health-risk behaviours and lack of protective factors appear to effect suicidal ideation in this youth population.     

青少年网络成瘾与自杀行为的相关关系

目的 了解网络成瘾与青少年自杀行为的相关关系,如果存在相关关系,并考察能否被抑郁以及冲动相关行为部分或全部解释.方法 合肥市3507名使用网络的中学生完成问卷调查.内容包括Young网络成瘾诊断量表,自杀行为、抑郁量表,冲动相关的行为以及不良经历等调查表.采用层次logistic回归模型在调整混杂因素的基础上,分析网络成瘾与青少年自杀行为的相关关系及抑郁和冲动相关行为在上述相关关系中的作用.结果 3507名学生有182名(5.2%)被诊断为网络成瘾;过去一年有自杀意念、计划和未遂的学生比例分别为27.4%、9.5%和2.6%.网络成瘾与自杀意念、计划和未遂的关联指标OR值分别为1.79(95%CI:1.32～2.44)、2.32(95%CI:1.57～3.42)和2.08(95%CI:1.03～4.22),调整人口学和不良经历变量后,网络成瘾与自杀未遂的关联无统计学意义.抑郁和冲动相关行为分别引入以网络成瘾为自变量的方程,网络成瘾与自杀意念和计划的关联出现不同程度的下降;相反,若将网络成瘾引入以抑郁或(和)冲动相关行为自变量的方程,抑郁或(和)冲动相关行为与自杀意念和计划的关联未见明显变化.结论 网络成瘾与自杀意念、自杀计划存在关联,且该关联的路径可能由抑郁和冲动相关行为介导.     

Prevalence and correlates of condom use at last sexual intercourse among in-school adolescents in urban areas of Uganda

OBJECTIVES: Correct and consistent condom use remains an important public health intervention against the spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and other sexually transmitted infections. There is paucity of information on sexual behaviour of in-school adolescents in Uganda. We, therefore, used secondary data of the Uganda Global School-based Health Survey (UGSHS) conducted in 2003 to determine the prevalence and correlates of condom use at last sexual intercourse in urban areas of Uganda. METHODS: A two-stage cluster sampling technique was used to obtain a representative sample. Altogether 1709 students participated in the survey in urban areas of whom 179 (14.9% of males, and 7.9% of females) had sexual intercourse within 12 months before the survey. RESULTS: Overall 77.3% (79.7% of male, and 72.3% of female) adolescents used a condom at last sexual intercourse. Adolescents who drank alcohol and used drugs were 64% (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.54, 1.75) and 68%, (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.56, 1.81) more likely to have used a condom, respectively. Meanwhile, adolescents who ever got drunk, and who reported to ever had 2 or more sex partners were 55% (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.42, 0.48) and 35% (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.62, 0.68) less likely to have used a condom compared to those who had never got drunk, and who ever had 1 sex partner, respectively. Finally, adolescents who reported receiving no parental supervision were 45% (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.53, 0.58) less likely to have used a condom compared to those who reported receiving parental supervision. CONCLUSIONS: Parental supervision may be effective in promoting condom use among adolescents. Furthermore, drinking alcohol was associated with condom use probably due to peer pressure and easy access of condoms in drinking places as condoms are not actively promoted in schools. There is need for further research on how in-school adolescents could access condoms.     

吉林市大学生生命质量与自杀意念相关性及自杀意念的影响因素分析

目的 探讨在校大学生生命质量与自杀意念的相关性及影响因素。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法对吉林市3所高校不同年级的842名在校大学生进行现况调查。调查内容包括社会人口学特征以及生命质量量表、抑郁量表和大学生自杀意念量表。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对调查资料进行描述性统计学分析及t检验和χ2检验,影响因素分析采用二分类非条件logistic回归分析。结果 低生命质量的在校大学生自杀意念的发生率明显高于高生命质量的在校大学生。自杀意念与生命质量因子的身体健康状况、心理健康状况、个人经济状况、学习压力状况、与他人关系、与朋友关系以及生命质量总分呈显著的负相关（P＜0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明,心理健康状况（OR = 0.57,95%CI:0.38～0.86）、与家人关系（OR = 0.75,95%CI:0.57～0.98）、与他人关系（OR = 0.66,95%CI:0.49～0.91）是大学生产生自杀意念的保护因素。生活压力（OR = 1.74,95%CI:1.18～2.56）,抑郁（OR = 23.26,95%CI:7.15～75.62）是大学生产生自杀意念的危险因素。结论 低生命质量的大学生比高生命质量的大学生更容易产生自杀意念。大学生产生自杀意念危险因素为生活压力以及抑郁。     

Prevalence of sexual intercourse among school-going adolescents in Coast Province, Kenya

A study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of sexual intercourse among school adolescents in Coast Province, Kenya. Data were obtained through the Kenya Global School-Based Health Survey. Overall the prevalence of sexual intercourse within the last 12 months was 14.9% (22.2% in males and 5.0% in females). Among males, the protective factors against having sex were being of age < 15 years (OR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.58, 0.62) and ever been drunk (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.59, 0.67). The risk factors for having sex among males were ever smoked (OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.92, 2.19), having close friends (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.56, 1.81), currently drinking alcohol (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.06, 1.20), ever used drugs (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 2.24, 2.49) and parental supervision (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.25, 1.34). Meanwhile among female respondents, parental supervision was protective (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.81, 0.94) and the only risk factor was ever used drugs (OR = 2.85, 95% CI 2.57, 3.15). It is suggested that public health interventions aimed to promote adolescent sexual health should be designed with the appreciation of the factors associated with sexual activity in due consideration.     

武汉市大学新生自杀意念和日常压力及积极心理健康的关联

  目的  了解武汉市大学新生的自杀意念现状及影响因素, 探讨日常压力、积极心理健康对其自杀意念的影响, 从积极心理的视角为提高大学新生心理健康水平、减少大学新生的自杀率提出对策。  方法  于2020年12月采用方便抽样方法, 抽取武汉市3所大学共2 592名大学新生进行问卷调查。调查内容包括一般人口学信息、自杀意念、积极心理健康、日常压力源等。采用t检验、Logistic回归分析等方法探究大学新生的自杀意念现状及其影响因素。  结果  大学新生过去1年自杀意念报告率为27.5%。与无自杀意念大学新生相比, 有自杀意念的大学新生日常压力总分及不同领域日常压力得分均较高(t=-13.00~-4.68), 积极心理健康得分较低(t=17.14), 差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示, 女生(OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.44~2.05)、母亲受教育程度为高中以上(OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.05~1.53)、日常压力总分(OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.09~1.13)与自杀意念的发生呈正相关(P值均 < 0.01)。积极心理健康(OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.87~0.90)与自杀意念的发生呈负相关(P < 0.01), 积极心理健康对日常压力与自杀意念的关系具有一定调节作用。  结论  大学新生自杀意念的形成与日常压力、积极心理健康有密切关系, 需要关注大学新生日常压力事件, 提高其积极心理健康水平, 降低大学新生自杀意念的发生。     

Risk factors for symptoms of allergic rhinitis in adolescents in Castellón, Spain]

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk factor for symptoms of allergic rhinitis in adolescents in Castellón, Spain. METHODS: A cross-sectional population based study of Phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) conducted in 2002 among adolescents from 13-14 years of age. The ISAAC questionnaire was used to define cases of allergic rhinitis. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: Participation was 66.8% (3,995 adolescents of the 5,981 total). The prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms in the last 12 months was 16.5% and the prevalence of nasal allergy at some point was 7.4%. Logistic regression showed that rhinoconjunctivitis was associated with being female (OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.33-2.00); a mother who smokes in the home (OR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.08-1.63); a history of sinusitis (OR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.51-2.70); and living on a street with heavy truck traffic (OR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.02-2.44). Likewise, nasal allergy was associated with a family history of allergic rhinitis (OR = 2.62; 95%CI: 1.90-3.63); a history of sinusitis (OR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.77-3.96); a history of bronchitis (OR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.19-2.36); and social class, with a steady decline when comparing higher classes to lower classes. CONCLUSIONS: Various environmental risk factors were associated with the symptoms of nasal allergies, which points to the importance of implementing specific preventive measures.     

积极成长经历对青少年心理健康风险的缓冲效应

  目的  探讨积极成长经历对青少年心理健康风险的缓冲效应,为后续开展有效的支持和干预措施提供科学依据。  方法  采用方便抽样方法,于2019年10月新冠肺炎疫情前在安徽省池州市2个县中小学校招募1 322名四至九年级学生,开展学生问卷调查,收集学生一般人口统计学信息、积极成长经历、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、自伤行为、自杀意念情况等信息,并于2020年5月新冠肺炎疫情学校复课后进行随访。以疫情前和复课后青少年的心理健康状况作为观测指标,采用多元Logistic回归分析检验积极成长经历与青少年心理健康变化间的相关性。  结果  复课后学生抑郁症状、焦虑症状、自伤行为、自杀意念的检出率(22.6%,16.0%,40.0%,29.9%)高于疫情前(16.5%,13.5%,31.1%,22.6%)。积极成长经历高分组青少年抑郁症状、焦虑症状、自伤行为、自杀意念在疫情前与复课后检出率差异均无统计学意义(Z值分别为-0.05,0.27,0.84,1.84,P值均>0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,积极成长经历低分组复课后抑郁症状风险是疫情前的1.39倍(95%CI=1.05~1.84,P＜0.05),自伤行为风险是疫情前的1.31倍(95%CI=1.05~1.62,P＜0.05)。积极成长经历高分组中,疫情前后学生的心理健康状况差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05)。  结论  新冠肺炎疫情暴发背景下,积极成长经历与青少年抑郁、焦虑、自伤行为和自杀意念风险降低相关。应从家庭、学校和同伴角度给予更多的支持和帮助,减轻公共卫生突发事件对青少年心理健康的不利影响。     

北京市某社区医院门诊患者及家属自杀意念及自杀未遂的影响因素分析

目的 了解北京市海淀区某社区医院门诊就诊患者及家属的自杀意念和自杀未遂检出率及其危险因素.方法 2008年6月至9月,采用现况研究及偶遇抽样方法,对在北京市海淀区某社区卫生服务站,使用一般情况调查表、Beck抑郁量表、Beck焦虑量表和Beck无望量表,对前来该社区卫生服务站就诊的患者及家属进行问卷调查,在SPSS 13.0软件的支持下对自杀意念和自杀未遂的影响因素进行单因素Х^2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 发放问卷3100份,收回有效问卷2791份,问卷有效率为90.0％.调查对象的平均年龄（36.8±13.1）岁,其中男性1074例,女性1717例.近1年内自杀意念和自杀未遂的检出率分别为2.8％（77/2791）和1.1％（30/2791）.不同职业、有无负性生活事件、有无自杀家族史、有无精神疾病家族史、无望程度、抑郁程度和焦虑程度的调查对象在1年内自杀意念检出率方面,差异有统计学意义（Х^2=12.512、53.287、103.922、20.640、77.337、135.918、70.303,P＜0.05）.不同职业、有无精神疾病家族史、无望程度、抑郁程度和焦虑程度的调查对象在1年内自杀未遂检出率方面,差异有统计学意义（Х^2=7.954、6.257、29.838、21.352、10.014,P＜0.05）.多因素分析显示：抑郁（轻度、中度和重度抑郁的OR值分别为2.38、5.55和16.21;95％CI分别为1.07～5.31、2.31～13.37和6.93～37.92）、有自杀家族史（OR=11.68,95％CI：5.03～27.10）、无望（轻度、中度和重度无望的OR值分别为3.65、4.25和5.02;95％CI分别为1.55～8.56、1.70～10.65和1.46～17.26）以及近期有负性生活事件（0R=2.25,95％CI为1.35～4.45）是自杀意念的危险因素.无望（轻度、中度和重度无望的OR值分别为1.09、5.58和7.62;95％CI分别为0.36～3.34、2.03～15.30和1.50～38.72）、抑郁（轻度、中度和重度抑郁的OR值分别为1.08、0.27和3.02;95％CI分别为0.43～2.75、0.03～2.29和1.05～8.75）以及有精神病家族史（OR=3.00,95％CI为1.07～8.46）是自杀未遂的危险因素.结论 无望及抑郁情绪增加自杀的危险;应加强社区人群心理健康管理工作,培养社区医生识别、评估和处理心理危机的技能.     

Association of Child Marriage With Suicidal Thoughts and Attempts Among Adolescent Girls in Ethiopia

PurposeLittle information exists on the mental health implications of child marriage in Africa. This study examined the association between child marriage and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among girls aged 10–17 years.MethodsData were drawn from a 2007 cross-sectional survey conducted in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Multilevel logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for suicidality.ResultsApproximately 5.2% of girls reported ever being married, 5.4% were promised in marriage, and 9.3% reported receiving marriage requests. Girls who were ever married (odds ratio [OR] = 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–3.18), were promised in marriage (OR = 2.35; 95% CI = 1.38–4.01) or had received marriage requests (OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.46–3.59) were significantly more likely than girls who were never in the marriage process to have had suicidal thoughts in the past 3 months. Residence in communities with high involvement in stopping child marriage was protective of suicidal ideation. The odds of suicide attempt were twice as high among girls with marriage requests as among those with none.ConclusionsChild marriage was associated with increased odds of suicidality. Findings call for stronger community engagement in child marriage prevention and mental health support for child brides.     

中国青少年自伤行为影响因素的meta分析

目的 探讨中国青少年自伤行为的影响因素。方法 检索CNKI、CBM、PubMed等7个中英文数据库公开发表的关于中国青少年自伤行为影响因素的文献;应用CMA V3.0软件进行meta分析。结果 中国青少年自伤行为的各影响因素的合并OR值（95%CI）分别为:性别1.167（1.064～1.280）,独生子女0.835（0.788～0.883）,户籍类型0.777（0.691～0.874）,年龄1.184（1.011～1.387）,校园欺凌2.250（1.903～2.660）,自杀意念3.278（2.581～4.164）,吸烟1.688（1.103～2.583）,网络成瘾2.029（1.914～2.151）,忽视1.532（1.276～1.840）,抑郁1.055（1.025～1.087）。结论 女生、年龄较大、遭受校园欺凌、有自杀意念、吸烟、网络成瘾、被忽视、抑郁是中国青少年自伤行为的危险因素;独生子女、农村户籍是中国青少年自伤行为的保护因素。     

Prevalence of youth access to alcohol, guns, illegal drugs, or cigarettes in the home and association with health-risk behaviors

PURPOSE: To describe the prevalence of access to alcohol, guns, drugs, or cigarettes in the home and its association with related health-risk behaviors among adolescents.METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 1995 in-home survey of the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health which used a nationally representative school-based sample (N = 6,504) of adolescents in grades 7-12. We used logistic regression analysis, adjusted for gender, race/ethnicity and age, to examine the associations between access to alcohol, guns, drugs, and cigarettes in the home and the practice of risk behaviors involving those variables.RESULTS: Overall, 1,817 (28%) adolescents reported having easy access to alcohol in the home, 1,616 (25%) had access to a gun, 189 (3%) had access to drugs, and 2,067 (32%) had access to cigarettes. Associations were found between easy home access to alcohol and drinking during the past 12 months (Adj. OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.89-2.47), ever being drunk at school (Adj. OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.85-2.95, and ever driving drunk (Adj. OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.29-2.09). Access to a gun at home was associated with carrying a gun to school (Adj. OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.40-4.64). Associations were also found between access to drugs and cigarettes in the home and ever using drugs and smoking regularly.CONCLUSIONS: Easy access to alcohol, guns, and cigarettes in the home is prevalent among adolescents and may increase involvement in risky behaviors. Limiting access therefore is important in order to reduce the occurrence of health-risk behaviors associated with substance use, deliquency and injury among adolescents.     

北京50家综合医院门诊患者自杀意念及自杀未遂调查

目的 了解北京市综合医院门诊患者的自杀意念和自杀未遂出现率及其危险因素.方法 采用自制量表对随机抽取的北京市50家各级综合医院2877例门诊患者进行调查,通过logistic分析筛选出其危险因素.结果 自杀意念和自杀未遂终生发生率分别为6.08%和1.18%;多因素分析显示两者的共同危险因素为近一年有绝望感、年纪轻、熟人有过自杀行为、女性.结论 北京市综合医院门诊就诊患者经常有自杀危险、抑郁等心理问题;应培养普通门诊医务人员识别、评估和处理这类问题的技能.     

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among Prisoners in Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundSuicide is a serious cause of mortality worldwide and the single most common cause of death in the prison population. Studies on suicidal ideation and attempt among prison people in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal ideation and attempt among prisoners in Debre Markos Correctional Center, northwest, Ethiopia, 2019.MethodAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the simple random sampling technique; a total of 640 participants was recruited. Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed using the suicidality module of the World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).ResultsThe prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were 21.9% and 13.1% with 95% CI (18.40, 25.20) and (10.60, 15.80) respectively. The study revealed that female sex (AOR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.39, 8.20) and family history of mental illness (AOR=2.08, 95%CI: 1.11, 3.90) were significantly associated with both suicidal ideation and attempt. Whereas divorced/widowed (AOR=3.67, 95%CI: 2.05, 6.58), common mental disorder (AOR=1.98, 95%CI: 1.25, 3.16) and poor social support (AOR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.42, 5.06) were statistically associated with suicidal ideation, and previous incarceration (AOR=2.38, 95%CI: 1.20, 5.16) was significantly associated with a suicide attempt.ConclusionThe result shows that the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were serious problems among prisoners. As a result, inmate people need greater attention and interventions for suicidal behaviors.     

广州市中学生网络成瘾与自杀相关行为的关系

了解中学生网络成瘾与自杀意念和自杀尝试的关系,为中学生自杀行为干预提供依据.方法 应用二阶段分层整群抽样方法,采用自编青少年健康知识问卷、Young网络成瘾量表、流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D)、Olweus儿童欺负问卷,于2016年11-12月对广州市3 229名初、高中学生进行匿名调查,使用Logistic回归模型分析网络成瘾与自杀行为的关系.结果 中学生网络成瘾报告率为14.68%,过去12个月自杀意念、自杀尝试的报告率分别为12.51%和2.04%.调整一般人口学因素后,网络成瘾与自杀意念和自杀尝试的关联OR值分别为3.88(95%CI=3.04~ 4.96)和2.42(95%CI=1.41~4.13),均有统计学意义;引入抑郁和欺负行为后,网络成瘾和自杀意念OR值下降至2.58(95%CI=1.99~3.34) (P<0.05),而与自杀尝试的关联无统计学意义.结论 中学生网络成瘾与自杀意念和自杀尝试均存在关联,可能由抑郁和欺负行为介导.中学生的网络成瘾和自杀问题应引起重视.     

Suicidal behavior in adolescents: relationship to weight status, weight control behaviors, and body dissatisfaction

OBJECTIVE: Suicide is associated with full syndromal eating disorders, but it is unclear whether subsyndromal eating disorders carry the same risk. This study examined associations between suicidal behaviors and extreme and less extreme weight control behaviors (EWCB and LWCB, such as fasting, vomiting, meal skipping, etc.), body dissatisfaction, and weight status in adolescents. METHOD: Data on body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and attempts, and body mass index (BMI) were drawn from Project EAT, a survey of 4,746 7th-12th grade students. Multivariate logistic regression examined associations between eating- and weight-related variables and suicidality. RESULTS: Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were more commonly observed in adolescents with EWCB (boys: ideation OR = 2.12, attempts OR = 4.10; girls: ideation OR = 1.66, attempts OR = 2.29), LWCB (boys: ideation OR = 1.33, attempts OR = 1.76; girls: ideation OR = 1.77, attempts OR = 1.80), as well as body dissatisfaction (boys: ideation OR = 1.75, attempts OR = 2.23; girls: ideation OR = 1.77, attempts OR = 1.81), even after controlling for depressive symptoms. No association was observed between BMI and suicidal attempts or ideation. CONCLUSION: Thus, it appears that suicidal behavior in adolescents is associated even with low-level eating disorder symptoms.     

广州市某高校大学生自杀意念影响因素分析

目的了解社会支持、遭遇负性事件与大学生自杀意念的关系,为及时进行危机干预提供依据。方法采用统一的调查表,以便利抽样的方法调查广州市某高校大学生974名,通过单因素χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归模型筛选自杀意念的影响因素。结果在974名大学生中,138人曾有过自杀意念,发生率为14.17%。多因素Logistic回归模型分析揭示,因其貌不扬而被歧视(OR=3.365),曾遭受暴力(OR=2.988),单亲家庭(OR=2.965),有饮酒、吸烟或药物依赖(OR=1.827)是产生自杀意念的危险因素;而家庭关系融洽(OR=0.618)和大学生具有自信心(OR=0.390)是预防自杀意念发生的保护因素。结论大学生遭遇负性事件后可能产生自杀意念,应采取多种预防措施防止自杀行为的发生。     

南昌市高中生童年期不良经历与自杀相关行为的研究

目的 了解高中生自杀意念、自杀计划现状及童年期不良经历,探索童年期不良经历与自杀意念、自杀计划的关系,掌握童年期不良经历对自杀意念、自杀计划的累积效应。方法 2015年5月,采取分层整群随机抽样方法,将南昌市城区34所高中按中考录取分数线由高到低排序随机抽取5个学校,共调查高中生884名。结果 884名高中生中125人（14.14%）有自杀意念,55人（6.22%）有自杀计划。logistic分析表明,躯体虐待(OR=3.002,P<0.001),家庭成员有精神异常者(OR=3.465,P<0.001)与自杀意念呈正性相关;性虐待(OR=3.105,P=0.008)、躯体虐待(OR=3.439,P<0.001),家庭成员有精神异常者(OR=5.295,P<0.001)与自杀计划呈正性相关。累积效应分析发现,随着童年期不良经历数目的增加,自杀意念、自杀计划发生的风险增加,有三种及以上不良经历者产生自杀意念OR=10.836,产生自杀计划OR=22.660。结论 童年期不良经历是高中生自杀意念、自杀计划发生的危险因素,加强对有童年期不良经历青少年的干预可有效防控高中生自杀相关行为。