CT导引下电化学治疗对肝癌患者免疫功能的影响

目的观察CT导引下电化学治疗对肝癌患者免疫功能的影响,探讨电化学能否改善患者的免疫功能。方法在CT导引下利用电化学疗法对36例肝癌患者进行了治疗,测定了治疗前后免疫参数:CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、NK、IgG、IgM、IgA,并将治疗前后2组数据分别进行对比。结果CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、NK等免疫参数明显升高,而IgG、IgM、IgA未发生明显变化。结论电化学疗法能增强肝癌患者的细胞免疫功能。     

谷氨酰胺对卒中患者免疫功能的影响

 目的 观察谷氨酰胺对卒中患者免疫功能的影响.方法 卒中40例,随机分成谷氨酰胺组和对照组,每组20例,采用随机双盲法,谷氨酰胺组每日分2次口服L-谷氨酰胺10 g,对照组给予相同剂量安慰剂,实验期7 d,于给药后第8天分别抽取两组患者外周静脉血1次,检测免疫功能指标:外周静脉血IgA、IgM、IgG,外周静脉血CD3+细胞比例、CD4+细胞比例、CD8+细胞比例以及CD4+/CD8+,外周静脉血IL-2、NO、TNF-α含量.结果 谷氨酰胺组患者外周静脉血IgA、IgM、IgG浓度,外周静脉血CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比例,外周静脉血IL-2、NO含量均高于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而TNF-α含量低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 谷氨酰胺对卒中患者免疫功能有一定的改善作用.     

部分脾动脉栓塞术对肝硬化脾功能亢进患者免疫功能的影响

【摘要】 目的 探讨部分脾动脉栓塞术（PSE）对肝炎肝硬化脾功能亢进（脾亢）患者免疫功能的影响。方法 收集2016年7月至2019年5月昆明医科大学第一附属医院收治70例肝炎肝硬化并脾亢行PSE术患者,采集外周血分析PSE术后机体细胞免疫及体液免疫的变化。结果 ①脾亢后机体CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、NK及B细胞均低于正常值下限,但CD4+/CD8+值位于正常值范围内。②PSE术后1、3、6和12个月CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、B及NK淋巴细胞较术前明显增高（P＜0.05）,但CD4+/CD8+值仍位于正常值范围内。③PSE术后1、3、6和12个月IgA、IgM、IgG较术前无明显变化（P＞0.05）。结论 脾亢后机体免疫功能是处于平衡状态;PSE术对机体免疫功能（细胞免疫及体液免疫）无明显影响。     

CO2激光结合不同剂量重组人干扰素α-1b治疗尖锐湿疣疗效对比

目的对比观察CO2激光结合不同剂量重组人干扰素α-1b治疗尖锐湿疣的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2017年10月至2018年10月咸宁市中心医院收治的120例尖锐湿疣患者的病历资料,将采用CO2激光结合500万单位重组人干扰素α-1b治疗的60例患者设为观察组,采用CO2激光结合100万单位重组人干扰素α-1b治疗的60例患者设为对照组,对比观察两组患者自然杀伤(NK)细胞、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)等免疫功能相关指标的变化情况以及治疗后1、3、6个月的复发情况。结果治疗2周后,两组患者NK细胞、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、IgA及IgG水平均升高,且观察组患者NK细胞、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、IgA及IgG水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=8.062、2.788、7.237、2.736、3.047,P=0.000、0.006、0.000、0.007、0.003);而CD8^+水平均降低,且观察组患者CD8^+水平明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.733,P=0.000)。治疗后1、3、6个月,观察组患者复发率均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=8.107、8.292、7.566,P=0.004、0.004、0.006)。结论CO2激光结合高剂量重组人干扰素α-1b治疗尖锐湿疣的效果更佳,可明显提高患者的免疫功能,降低复发率,值得进一步深入研究探讨。     

滇西不同海拔地区健康人体液免疫和T淋巴细胞亚群水平研究

目的 探讨滇西不同海拔地区健康人群体液免疫和T淋巴细胞亚群水平变化.方法 对在我院健康体检人员按地区海拔高度分为4组：大理组（海拔1970 m）、维西组（海拔2300 m）、香格里拉组（海拔3280 rn）和德钦组（海拔4000m）,采用免疫比浊法检测血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA和补体C3、C4含量,采用流式细胞技术检测静脉血T淋巴细胞亚群CD3＋、CD4＋、CD8＋含量及CD4＋/CD8＋比值.结果 大理组与维西组比较,IgG、IgM、IgA、C3、C4水平相无显著差异（P＞0.05）,大理组和维西组的IgG、IgM、IgA、C3、C4水平明显低于香格里拉组（P＜0.05）,香格里拉组的IgG、IgM、IgA、C3、C4水平明显低于德钦组（P＜0.05）;大理组CD3＋、CD8＋水平明显低于其他3组（P＜0.05）,维西组CD3＋、CD8＋水平明显低于香格里拉组和德钦组（P＜0.05）,香格里拉组CD3＋、CD8＋水平明显低于德钦组（P＜0.05）.大理组与维西组和香格里拉组比较,CD4＋水平无显著差异（P＞0.05）,但明显低于德钦组（P＜0.05）;维西组与香格里拉组比较,CD4＋水平无显著差异（P＞0.05）,但明显低于德钦组（P＜0.05）;香格里拉组CD4＋水平明显低于德钦组（P＜0.05）;结论 滇西不同海拔高度地区健康人群体液免疫和细胞免疫功能变化不同.     

重型脑外伤患者T细胞亚群与免疫球蛋白的变化及意义

目的 探讨重型颅脑外伤患者T淋巴细胞亚群与血清免疫球蛋白的变化及其临床意义。方法 对42例重型颅脑外伤（GCS≤8分）患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及其血清免疫球蛋白进行检测,并与对照组（37例门诊健康体检者）进行比较。结果 脑外伤患者CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+比值均显著下降（P&;lt;0.01）;CD8^+明显升高(P&;lt;0.01）,IgG、IgM也明显低于对照组（P&;lt;0.01）,脑外伤感染组CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+比值及IgG、IgM显著低于未感染组（P&;lt;0.01）。结论 重型颅脑外伤患者机体免疫功能处于严重抑制状态,其不仅有细胞免疫功能降低,也存在体液免疫功能降低。机体的整体免疫功能降低,是伤后继发感染的主要原因。早期检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与血清免疫球蛋白,并对有严重免疫功能抑制的患者早期使用适当抗生素及适量的免疫调节药物,预防感染,具有重要临床意义。     

精氨酸对急腹症术后患者免疫功能的促进作用

 目的 研究利用精氨酸强化的肠外营养对急腹症术后患者免疫功能的影响.方法 选择我院住院的急腹症患者54例,随机分为研究组和对照组,其中研究组采用精氨酸强化的肠外营养,而对照组应用常规肠外营养.两组术后均连续应用肠外营养3 d.分别于术前1 d、术后1 d、术后4 d取血,测定血浆白蛋白、总蛋白、IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4、CD4+、CD8+等.结果 研究组血浆白蛋白、总蛋白、CD4+、CD8+及CD4+/ CD8+水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组在术后第4天 C3、C4水平高于术前1 d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).其他指标在两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 精氨酸强化的肠外营养能促进急腹症术后患者的血浆白蛋白、总蛋白的恢复,提高免疫功能.     

老年冠心病患者免疫功能探讨

目的：探讨老年人免疫功能改变与冠心病的关系。方法：选择老年冠心病68例（冠心病组）及健康对照组34例，分别检测T淋巴细胞亚群CD3＋、CD4＋、CD8＋、CD4＋／CD8＋，免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM，补体C3、C4，抗氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）抗体、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体（sIL-2R），超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP），肿瘤坏死因数-α（TNF-α）。结果：冠心病组活化T淋巴细胞亚群CD3＋、CD4＋、CD8＋比例、CD4＋／CD8＋比值均显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）；观察组sIL-2R水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；观察组IgG、IgA、IgM含量、补体C3、C4水平、抗ox-LDL抗体、hs-CRP、TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：免疫炎症指标可作为冠心病临床监测的辅助参考。     

小儿肺炎支原体肺炎发病机制与血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G水平相关性研究

目的探讨小儿肺炎支原体肺炎发病机制与血清免疫球蛋白(Ig)A、IgM、IgG水平的相关性。方法选取广西河池市人民医院自2014年5月至2016年5月收治的小儿肺炎支原体肺炎患儿40例为B组。另选取儿童保健门诊接收的40例健康体检儿童为A组。A组于入院时采集清晨空腹外周静脉血2ml,B组分别于急性期、恢复期采集清晨空腹外周静脉血2ml,运用免疫比浊法测定两组血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平及补体C3、C4含量并进行比较。结果B组患儿急性期血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG水平及补体C4含量均显著高于恢复期(P<0.05);急性期和恢复期的补体C3含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B组患儿急性期血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平及补体C3、C4含量均显著高于A组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组恢复期血清IgM、IgG水平及补体C3、C4含量均显著高于A组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组恢复期IgA水平与A组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论小儿肺炎支原体肺炎发病机制与血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平提升具有显著相关性,支原体肺炎患儿体内存在体液免疫应答亢进,免疫调节治疗在支原体肺炎的治疗中有极为重要的地位。     

卡介菌多糖核酸注射液对部队肺结核患者免疫球蛋白和C3、C4的影响

 目的 观察卡介菌多糖核酸注射液对部队肺结核患者抗结核治疗前后免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM和补体C3、C4的影响,评价该药治疗肺结核的免疫调节作用.方法 肺结核患者随机分为治疗组和免疫治疗组.两组都使用短程标准抗结核方案2HRZF/4HR,免疫治疗组联合使用卡介菌多糖核酸注射液,治疗前和治疗开始后第1、2个月检查IgA、IgG、IgM和C3、C4,并与20例健康人血清作对照组.结果　和健康对照组比较,两组肺结核患者治疗前IgG、IgM和C3有不同程度下降(P＜0.05),而C4下降不明显(P＞0.05),治疗前两组肺结核患者上述指标间差异无显著性(P＞0.05);免疫治疗组采用卡介菌多糖核酸注射液后IgM、IgG和C3、C4明显增高,显著高于治疗组(P＜0.05),而IgA变化不明显(P＞0.05).卡介菌多糖核酸治疗组患者疗效好于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 卡介菌多糖核酸注射液具有调节肺结核患者机体免疫功能作用,可辅助提高抗结核药物对肺结核疗效.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）