针灸对脓毒症疗效与安全性的系统评价

目的系统评价针灸治疗脓毒症患者的疗效和安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP和CBM数据库,搜集针灸治疗脓毒症患者的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均从建库至2019年10月1日。由2位评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入20个研究,共1 337例患者。Meta分析结果显示:针灸+常规方法治疗脓毒症患者在28天病死率[RR=0.69,95%CI(0.5,0.96),P=0.03]、治疗后第3天APACHEⅡ评分[MD=-2.4,95%CI(-3.68,-1.12),P=0.0002]、治疗后第7天APACHEⅡ评分[MD=-4.37,95%CI(-6.32,-2.21),P<0.0001]、ICU住院时长[MD=-1.54,95%CI(-2.81,-0.27),P=0.02]、胃肠道功能改善有效率[RR=1.5,95%CI(1.09,2.06),P=0.01]、治疗后第7天PCT浓度[MD=-2.23,95%CI(-3.33,-1.13),P<0.001]和TNF-α浓度[MD=-14.86,95%CI(-23.74,-5.97),P=0.001]方面,与常规治疗组的差异均具有统计学意义。但在治疗后第7天CD8^+记数[MD=1.65,95%CI(-0.32,3.62),P=0.1]方面,二者差异无统计学意义。结论现有有限证据表明,针灸可能是潜在的治疗脓毒症患者的方法之一。受纳入研究数量和质量限制,上述结论尚需开展更多高质量研究予以验证。     

Is the traditional Chinese medicine helpful for patients with hematologic malignant diseases? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for the treatment of hematologic malignant diseases.METHODS:We searched the Cochrane CENTRAL,PubM ed,Embase,Web of Science,AMED,CNKI,Wanfang Platform;China Sinomed and the clinical trial registry web sites and Googlescholar electronically up to June19th,2014 and hand searched related publications.Only randomized controlled trials(RCTs)researching on whether TCM as the adjuvant treatment improved the effect for hematologic malignant diseases were included.Two reviewers extracted data and evaluated the studies independently.Pooled risk ratios(RR)were calculated as outcome measures.Our primary outcomes were the overall response(OR)rate.RESULTS:We retrieved 13143 references and included11 RCTs involved 891 participants after screening.Because the non-significant heterogeneity we used the fixed effect model to combine data and TCM had a significantly higher OR and CR(complete response)rates than the control[RR=1.17,95%CI:(1.10,1.25),P0.00001;RR=1.24,95%CI:(1.11,1.37),P0.0001,respectively].Only three studies included in the survival rate analysis.We combined them with random effects model and there was no significant difference between the TCM and control arms.Becauseof the low heterogeneity we used the fixed effect model to combine the non-hematologic adverse effects(AEs)data.Our results showed that TCM significantly decreased non-hematologic AEs rates we researched,the gastrointestinal reaction[RR=0.50,95%CI:(0.37,0.68),P0.0001],liver and/or kidney injury[RR=0.37,95%CI:(0.26,0.53),P0.00001]and heart injury[RR=0.24,95%CI:(0.09,0.68),P=0.007].Additionally,TCM had a trend to decrease the infection rate[RR=0.16,(0.02,1.12),P=0.07],but not statistically significantly.CONCLUSION:TCM increases OR and CR rates for hematologic malignances and reduces treatment associated serious non-hematologic AEs.Therefore,TCM should be included in the treatment of hematologic malignances.     

微格教学用于初级生命支持技能培训的Meta分析

目的系统评价微格教学在医护人员初级生命支持(BLS)技能培训中的应用效果。方法检索知网、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国科技期刊全文数据库及PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆等数据库收集国内外发表的相关随机对照试验(RCT),检索时间从建库至2020年9月。对纳入文献采用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入12个RCT,包含805名医护人员。其中微格教学组404名,传统教学组401名,Meta分析结果显示,与传统教学相比,微格教学可以提高医护人员的操作考试成绩[SMD=2.03,95%CI(1.33,2.73),P<0.00001]、理论考试成绩[SMD=1.50,95%CI(0.81,2.18),P<0.0001],以及满意度[RR=1.37,95%CI(1.11,1.68),P=0.03]。Egger s检验结果显示存在发表偏倚(P=0.01)。结论微格教学优于传统教学。但纳入研究质量偏低,异质性较大,且可能存在发表偏倚,本研究结果应谨慎对待,仍需更高质量研究予以证实。     

两种扁桃体切除术临床疗效对比的Meta分析

[目的]评价扁桃体切除术电刀凝切术和常规剥离术对病人临床效果的影响。[方法]计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、the Cochrane Library、CINAHL、CBM、CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP数据库、SUMsearch和Google搜索引擎,查找自建库以来至2019年2月1日关于电刀凝切术与常规剥离术的随机对照试验(RCT)。由2名评价员独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。[结果]纳入32个RCT,共3203例病人。Meta分析结果显示:电刀凝切组病人扁桃体手术切除时间[SMD=-2.88,95%CI(-3.28,-2.48),P<0.00001]、术中出血量[SMD=-3.82,95%CI(-4.43,-3.21),P<0.00001]、术后平均疼痛时间[MD=-0.73,95%CI(-1.30,-0.17),P=0.01]、术后6 h疼痛[SMD=-2.17,95%CI(-3.06,-1.28),P<0.00001]、24 h疼痛[SMD=-1.49,95%CI(-2.13,-0.85),P<0.00001]、48 h疼痛[SMD=-1.60,95%CI(-1.85,-1.34),P<0.00001]和72 h疼痛[SMD=-1.72,95%CI(-2.30,-1.13),P<0.00001]均明显小于常规剥离组;而术后恢复正常饮食时间[MD=2.06,95%CI(0.90,3.23),P=0.0005]和术后白膜脱落时间[MD=1.51,95%CI(0.41,2.61),P=0.007]明显长于常规剥离组;两组病人术后原发性出血发生率[OR=0.35,95%CI(0.12,1.07),P=0.07]和继发性出血发生率[OR=1.74,95%CI(0.91,3.34),P=0.10]差异无统计学意义。[结论]当前证据显示,与常规剥离术相比,电刀凝切术可明显缩短病人手术时间,减少术中出血量,缩短术后平均疼痛时间,减轻术后6 h、24 h、48 h、72 h疼痛程度,但术后较晚恢复正常饮食,且白膜脱落时间延迟。鉴于受纳入文献限制,上述研究结果尚需更多高质量的RCT加以验证。     

肠内营养补充剂防治压疮效果的系统评价

目的 系统评价肠内营养补充剂预防和治疗压疮的临床效果。方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、中国科技期刊数据库、Cochrane library、EMbase、Web of Science、PubMed中相关的随机对照试验,检索时间均为建库至2018年3月。对文献质量进行严格评价和资料提取后,应用RevMan 5.3软件进行统计学处理。结果 共纳入20篇随机对照试验研究。Meta分析结果显示：肠内营养补充剂降低了压疮发生率[RR=0.81,95%CI（0.71,0.91）,P=0.0008]、提高了压疮治愈率[RR=1.53,95%CI（1.28,1.83）,P<0.00001]、加快了压疮面积的缩小[SMD=-1.11,95%CI（-1.39,-0.82）,P<0.00001],并且不增加患者的不良反应发生率[RR=0.78,95%CI（0.37,1.63）,P=0.51],但不能加快压疮愈合计分的降低[MD=-0.68,95%CI（-1.47, 0.1）,P=0.09]。结论 肠内营养补充剂在降低压疮发生率、提高压疮治愈率和加快压疮面积缩小方面具有优越性,具不会增加不良反应的发生率,但其在促进压疮愈合计分的下降、缩短压疮愈合时间方面的效果还不能确定,还需高质量、大样本的随机对照试验予以进一步验证。     

术前造口定位对肠造口患者并发症发生率影响的meta分析

目的：评价术前造口定位对肠造口患者造口相关并发症发生率影响,为临床实践提供循证依据。 方法：检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、Pubmed、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Embase、Ovid Emcare、British Nursing Index,检索时限为建库至2022年6月15日。由2名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行统计分析。结果：共纳入32篇文献,Meta分析结果显示,术前造口定位可有效降低造口相关并发症总发生率[RR=0.38,95%CI(0.28,0.53),P<0.00001]、造口周围皮肤并发症发生率[RR=0.47,95%CI(0.29,0.75),P=0.002]、造口渗漏发生率[RR=0.20,95%CI(0.09,0.45),P<0.0001]、皮肤黏膜分离发生率[RR=0.28,95%CI(0.13,0.61),P=0.002]、造口回缩发生率[RR=0.50,95%CI(0.27,0.92),P=0.03]、造口狭窄发生率[RR=0.27,95%CI(0.10,0.72),P=0.009]、造口旁疝发生率[RR=0.23,95%CI(0.14,0.36),P<0.00001]、造口脱垂发生率[RR=0.38,95%CI(0.19,0.76),P=0.006]、造口出血发生率[RR=0.26,95%CI(0.08,0.78),P=0.02],但不能显著降低造口缺血发生率[RR=0.45,95%CI(0.15,1.38),P=0.16]及造口水肿发生率[RR=0.23,95%CI(0.00,28.52),P=0.55]。 结论：术前造口定位能有效降低肠造口患者造口相关并发症总发生率以及造口周围皮肤并发症、造口渗漏、皮肤黏膜分离、造口回缩、造口狭窄、造口旁疝、造口脱垂、造口出血发生率,但对于降低造口缺血及造口水肿发生率的证据不足。     

A meta-analysis for Kuanxiong Aerosol on the treatment of angina pectoris

BackgroundKuanxiong Aerosol (KA) has been used in patients with angina pectoris (AP) attacks for many years, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of KA versus nitrates in the treatment of AP.MethodsSeven databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP, CBM and Wanfang) were searched from inception to November 2019 to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare the efficacy and safety of KA with nitrates on the treatment of AP. And two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias.ResultA total of 12 RCTs were eventually included, involving 2001 patients. Compared with the Nitrates group, the KA group showed great significant improvement on the 3-min [relative risk (RR) = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.03,1.23), P < .05;11 studies,1875 patients] and 5-min [RR = 1.05, 95%CI (1.01,1.08), P < 0.05; 11 studies,1875 patients] angina remission rates, the incidence of adverse reactions [RR = 0.42,95% CI (0.33,0.54), P < 0.00001; 8 studies, 1350 patients], endothelin(ET) [SMD = −0.40, 95%CI (−0.74,−0.07), P < 0.05; 2 studies, 143 patients] and c-reactive protein (CRP) [SMD = −0.58, 95%CI (−0.87,−0.30), P < 0.00001;2 studies, 200 patients],but no significant improvement on electrocardiogram efficacy [RR = 1.03, 95%CI (0.98,1.10), P = 0.26;11 studies, 1549 patients], nitric oxide (NO) [SMD = −0.08, 95%CI (−0.61,0.45), P = 0.76;2 studies, 143 patients].ConclusionThe clinical use of KA is effective and safe on the treatment of AP, which appears to be better than nitrates in terms of efficiency, adverse reactions, endothelial function and inflammatory response. Nevertheless, due to some limitations in the sample size and quality of the included studies, more high-quality RCTs were still needed for further verification.     

Spraying rhubarb powder solution under gastroscope in the treatment of acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

ObjectiveSystematically assessing the safety and effectiveness of spraying rhubarb powder solution under gastroscope for the treatment of acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and confirmation for further clinical research and application.MethodsWe searched the following databases up till November 2019: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and SinoMed. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were used to compare the curative effect of spraying rhubarb powder solution with other drugs under gastroscope for the treatment of acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding.ResultsOut of 171 articles, 14 RCTs involving 1493 patients were included. All control groups included in the RCTs were treated with norepinephrine solution. The hemostatic effect of spraying rhubarb powder solution under gastroscope was examined for 24 h at high concentration (0.1 g/mL). The hemostatic effect at higher conc. (0.1 g/mL) found far more better than low conc.(RR = 1.48;95 %CI:1.25,1.75;P﹤0.00001) (0.03 g/mL)as homeostatic effect at low conc.is same that of norepinephrine solution (RR = 1.02;95 %CI:0.94,1.10;P = 0.62). Moreover within 48 h, rhubarb powder solution with 0.1 g/mL or 0.15 g/mL conc. have of significantly higher hemostatic effects than norepinephrine solution (RR = 1.18;95 % CI: 1.08, 1.30;P = 0.0003). Occurrence of rebleeding event within 48 h after successful hemostasis (RR = 0.42;95 %CI:0.24,0.74;P = 0.003) reduced exceptionally. After that the hemostatic effect of rhubarb powder solution with 0.1 g/mL conc.examined within 72 h again exhibited significant improvement than norepinephrine solution (RR = 1.19;95 %CI:1.12,1.26;P < 0.00001). On par with immediate hemostasis time, rhubarb powder solution took unprecedented less time than norepinephrine solution;(MD=−5.56S;95 %CI:-6.16, −4.95;P﹤0.00001). Additionally, the adverse reaction produced by rhubarb powder solution is much lower than norepinephrine solution (RR = 0.22;95 %CI:0.11,0.42;P < 0.00001).ConclusionsAccording to meta-analysis, Spraying rhubarb powder solution under gastroscope in the treatment of acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding is superior to norepinephrine solution in improving hemostasis effect. Shortening immediate hemostasis time and reducing rebleeding,and is safe to use. Based on the results of this study, physicians can treat patients with acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding by spraying rhubarb powder solution under gastroscope according to the patients' condition.However, the sample size included in this study is small and of substandard quality qu, and a large sample size clinical trial with strict design and normative report is needed to verify the safety and efficacy of rhubarb powder solution under gastroscope for acute non-varicose upper gastrointestinal bleeding.     

生长激素改善不孕女性IVF助孕结局的系统评价

目的系统评价体外受精(IVF)周期联合使用生长激素(GH)对助孕结局的影响。方法计算机检索CBM、WanFang Data、CNKI、VIP、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science和The Cochrane Library数据库,搜集IVF周期联合使用GH对助孕结局影响的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为建库至2019年10月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入10个RCT,包括691例不孕女性。Meta分析结果显示不孕女性IVF助孕周期联合使用GH,可增加卵巢低反应患者的获卵数[MD=1.58,95%CI(1.29,1.87),P<0.00001]、MⅡ期卵母细胞数[MD=2.26,95%CI(1.77,2.74),P<0.00001],提高其种植率[RR=1.20,95%CI(1.02,1.40),P=0.03]、临床妊娠率[RR=1.46,95%CI(1.08,1.98),P=0.01]和活产率[RR=1.62,95%CI(1.05,2.51),P=0.03]。但两组在受精率[RR=1.00,95%CI(0.92,1.08),P=0.18]、流产率[RR=1.44,95%CI(0.65,3.17),P=0.37]和不良事件发生情况方面的差异无统计学意义。结论当前证据表明,GH可部份改善卵巢低反应、高龄或既往IVF失败患者IVF周期的助孕结局。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论需要更多高质量研究予以验证。     

血府逐瘀汤加减治疗顽固性失眠的Meta分析

目的通过Meta分析法系统评价血府逐瘀汤加减治疗顽固性失眠的效果。方法通过检索维普(VIP)、中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed等数据库筛选纳入文献,并对纳入文献进行质量评价,再使用RevMan5.4对结局指标、不良反应事件进行Meta分析。结果纳入12篇符合标准的文献,Meta分析结果表明,试验组(血府逐瘀汤加减)的总有效率高于对照组(RR=1.25,95%CI[1.18,1.34],Z=6.90,P<0.00001);与单纯西药组比较,血府逐瘀汤加减治疗更有效(RR=1.24,95%CI[1.15,1.33],Z=5.54,P<0.00001);两组的不良反应发生率相当(RR=0.71,95%CI[0.03,17.93],Z=0.21,P=0.83)。结论血府逐瘀汤加减治疗顽固性失眠的临床效果显著。     

以黄芪联合当归为主的中药复方治疗肿瘤患者化疗后骨髓抑制效果的系统评价

目的系统评价以黄芪联合当归为主的中药复方治疗肿瘤患者化疗后骨髓抑制的效果。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、CINAHL、OVID、中国生物医学文献服务系统、CNKI、维普、万方数据库,搜索关于以黄芪联合当归为主的中药复方治疗恶性肿瘤化疗后骨髓抑制疗效的RCT,检索时限从建库至2019年9月。由2名研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料,釆用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入15项RCT研究,共1019例患者。Meta分析结果显示:与单纯化疗组或化疗联合西药组相比,以黄芪联合当归为主的中药复方组在改善外周血白细胞[标准化均数差(SMD)=1.32,95%置信区间(CI)为0.76~1.89,P<0.00001]、血小板[加权均数差(MD)=25.05,95%CI(8.00,42.10),P=0.004]、血红蛋白[MD=24.14,95%CI(16.34,31.94),P<0.00001]和临床症状[相对危险度为1.38,95%CI(1.25,1.52),P<0.00001]方面差异有统计学意义。结论以黄芪联合当归为主的中药复方能够改善肿瘤患者化疗后外周血细胞水平,减轻骨髓抑制,同时改善临床症状,提高患者生活质量。但由于纳入文献质量不高,且部分结果存在较大异质性,因此尚需更多严格设计的高质量RCT进一步验证。     

复方玄驹胶囊治疗多囊卵巢综合征患者不孕症的meta分析

目的:利用Meta分析评价复方玄驹胶囊治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症的临床效果。方法:检索CNKI数据库,VIP数据库,万方数据库,中国临床试验注册中心(ChiTRP),Pubmed,Cochrane library,国际临床试验注册协作网(ICTRP)等数据库,纳入复方玄驹胶囊治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症的随机对照治疗(RCT),并对纳入文献进行质量评价,采用RevMan5.3软件进行统计分析。结果:14篇RCTs纳入研究共1100名患者,Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,复方玄驹胶囊能提高妊娠率[RR=1.68,95%CI(1.45,1.94),P<0.00001],在改善周期排卵率[RR=1.17,95%CI(1.03,1.34),P=0.02]、中医症候[RR=1.6,95%CI(1.28,2.00),P<0.0001]、血清睾酮水平[RR=-0.53,95%CI(-0.90,-0.16),P=0.005]和子宫内膜厚度[RR=1.56,95%CI(1.26,1.86),P<0.00001]均优于对照组。结论:复方玄驹胶囊是治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕症的有效药物。但尚需更多大样本高质量临床试验予以验证。     

温阳利水活血汤治疗阳虚水泛血瘀证心力衰竭的Meta分析

目的:应用Meta分析法系统评价温阳利水活血汤治疗阳虚水泛血瘀证心力衰竭的临床疗效及安全性。方法:检索万方数据库、中国学术期刊全文数据库、维普数据库、The Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase数据库中关于温阳利水活血汤治疗阳虚水泛血瘀证心力衰竭的临床随机对照研究文献,经过文献筛选和质量评价提取有效研究,应用Rveman 5.3分析软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析。结果:经筛选最终本研究共纳入20篇临床随机对照研究,均为中文文献,总计1733例样本,所纳入的文献总体质量偏低。Meta分析结果显示:相比较对照组,试验组在总的临床疗效显效率(RR=1.25,95%CI:[1.15,1.35],P<0.00001)、6min步行距离(MD=61.48,95%CI:[12.15,110.81],P=0.01)、脑钠利尿肽(MD=-137.73,95%CI:[-177.86,-97.60],P<0.00001)、左室舒张末期内径(MD=-4.04,95%CI:[-4.70,-3.37],P<0.00001)、左室射血分数(MD=6.31,95%CI:[4.68,7.95],P<0.00001)、血浆N末端脑钠肽前体(MD=-242.62,95%CI:[-348.70,-136.54],P<0.00001)、中医证候积分(MD=-1.63,95%CI:[-2.49,-0.77],P=0.0002)等指标均优于单纯西医治疗,其差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:西医常规治疗加用温阳利水活血汤加减对治疗阳虚水泛血瘀证心力衰竭患者其疗效优于单纯西医常规治疗;由于目前纳入本次Meta分析的文献质量偏低、评价方法不规范、证据质量不足,导致本次评价的可靠性降低,因此上述结论尚需更多高质量研究予以验证。     

Clinical effectiveness of Tui Na for insomnia compared with estazolam: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

ObjectiveThe purpose of this systematic review (SR) is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tui Na therapy for insomnia.MethodsTwo authors separately searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SinoMed Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, China Science Technology Journal Database, related SR and published protocols at the same time to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which compared Tui Na therapy with estazolam therapy for insomnia, from their inception to January^1st 2019. Screening documents, data extraction, quality assessment of methodology and quality assessment of evidence were also conducted by two authors separately at the same time.We used Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess the methodological quality of included RCTs. The results of meta-analysis were made via RevMan software (5.3). The quality of evidence was assessed by on-line GRADEpro. The primary outcome: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, the secondary outcome: clinical effectiveness rate and the safety index: adverse events. The clinical effectiveness of these included RCTs all focused on the improvement of patients’ satisfaction with sleep time and sleep quality.ResultsWe included 22 RCTs(1,999 participants), meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The assessment of methodological quality was not satisfied, in which “high risk”, “unclear risk” and “low risk” all existed. The results of meta-analysis demonstrated that (1)for primary outcome, the PSQI score of Tui Na therapy was lower than that of estazolam therapy after treatment in subgroup1(Head)(MD-2.39,95%CI[-3.79,-0.98],I² = 82%,n = 291,3 trials) and subgroup4(Abdomen)(MD-1.7,95%CI[-2.53,-0.87],I² = 0%,n = 120,2 trials);while there was no significant difference between Tui Na therapy and estazolam therapy in subgroup2(Head and trunk)(MD-1.39,95%CI[-3.03,0.24],I² = 90%,n = 200, 2 trials) and subgroup3(Head, trunk and extremities)(MD-0.51,95%CI[-1.53,0.5],I² = 30%,n = 126,2 trials).(2) for secondary outcomes(the clinical effectiveness rate and safety index),the clinical effectiveness rate of Tui Na therapy was higher than that of estazolam therapy after treatment in subgroup1(Head)(RR1.21,95%CI[1.05,1.39],I² = 26%,n = 239,3 trials), subgroup2(Head and trunk)(RR1.15,95%CI[1.08,1.23],I² = 33%,n = 1024,10 trials) and subgroup4(Abdomen)(RR1.12,95%CI[1.01,1.23],I² = 0%,n = 180,3 trials); while there was no significant difference between Tui Na therapy and estazolam therapy in subgroup3(Head, trunk and extremities)(RR1.03,95%CI[0.94,1.13],I² = 28%,n = 346,4 trials).Safety index, 5 RCTs reported adverse events. Among them, only 1 RCT reported adverse event in Tui Na therapy, which was daytime drowsiness; all 5 RCTs reported adverse events in estazolam therapy, which were dry mouth, dizziness, daytime drowsiness etc. The evidence quality was generally low to very low.ConclusionTui Na therapy appeared to be superior to estazolam therapy in treating areas(head; abdomen), while there was no significant difference between Tui Na therapy and estazolam therapy in treating areas(head and trunk; head, trunk and extremities). No serious adverse event was reported in Tui Na therapy. However the methodological quality and evidence quality were not satisfied. Therefore we could not make a convincing conclusion on the effectiveness and safety of Tui Na therapy for insomnia. Practitioners should combine their experience, evidence of our review and patients’ preferences to make a proper treatment. And more high quality RCTs and well-designed protocols of Tui Na therapy for insomnia are needed in the future.     

火针治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛有效性和安全性的系统评价

目的系统评价火针治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)的有效性和安全性。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、CBM和VIP数据库,搜集有关火针治疗PHN有效性和安全性的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均从建库至2021年6月5日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入31个RCT,包括2755例患者。Meta分析结果显示:火针与西药相比可降低PHN患者的VAS评分[SMD=-1.00,95%CI(-1.36,-0.63),P<0.00001];火针联合西药与单用西药相比,可提高总有效率[RR=1.15,95%CI(1.06,1.23),P=0.0003],降低VAS评分[SMD=-1.92,95%CI(-2.87,-0.97),P<0.0001]、SAS评分[SMD=-0.89,95%CI(-1.20,-0.59),P<0.00001]。火针与常规针刺相比,可降低VAS评分[SMD=-1.37,95%CI(-2.35,-0.39),P=0.006],缩短即刻止痛时间[SMD=-0.64,95%CI(-0.88,-0.39),P<0.00001]。与中药相比,火针联合中药可降低VAS评分[SMD=-1.00,95%CI(-1.53,-0.47),P=0.0002]、SDS评分[SMD=-1.59,95%CI(-1.18,-1.31),P<0.00001]、SAS评分[SMD=-1.79,95%CI(-2.08,-1.49),P<0.00001]。此外,试验组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组。结论现有证据表明,火针可明显减轻PHN患者的疼痛强度,缓解焦虑,提高生活质量。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。     

补阳还五汤加减辅助治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛系统评价

目的:系统评价补阳还五汤加减辅助治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效及安全性;方法:计算机检索Pubmed、Cochrane library英文数据库,中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据、维普数据(VIP)等中文数据库,收集补阳还五汤加减联合西药常规治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床随机对照试验,检索时间为建库至2019年5月19日;通过合理的筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行meta分析;结果:共纳入12例临床RCT,共涉及1035位不稳定型心绞痛患者,其meta分析提示补阳还五汤加减联合常规西药治疗不稳定型心绞痛在有效率[RR=1.24,95%CI(1.17,1.31),P<0.00001]及心电图改善率[RR=1.37,95%CI(1.25,1.50),P<0.00001]及心绞痛发作频率[MD=-1.37,95%CI(-1.81,-0.93),P=0.003]及心绞痛时间[MD=-2.60,95%CI(-3.28,-1.92),P=0.0004]等改善上明显优于常规西药组。结论:通过分析表明,联合中药汤剂补阳还五汤及常规西药治疗不稳定型心绞痛与单纯常规西药治疗相比疗效更加肯定,不良反应较少[RR=0.52,95%CI(0.12,2.30),P=0.39]。但由于纳入的文献质量较低,证据强度不足,因此仍需要更多临床多中心及大样本随机对照试验进一步验证。     

氟哌啶醇预防危重症患者谵妄发生的Meta分析

目的系统评价氟哌啶醇预防危重患者发生谵妄的疗效和安全性。 方法计算机检索Medline、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、维普数据库、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库数据库从建库至2018年9月的关于氟哌啶醇预防危重症患者谵妄疗效的随机对照试验（RCT）。由2位研究者按照纳入与排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。 结果共纳入4个RCT,2 455例患者。Meta分析结果显示,试验组与对照组危重症患者间28 d谵妄发病率[相对危险度（RR） = 0.96,95%置信区间（CI）（0.65,1.43）,Z = 0.19,P = 0.85]、28 d无谵妄及无昏迷时间[均数差（MD） = 0.05,95%CI（-0.06,0.15）,Z = 0.88,P = 0.38]、28 d存活率[RR = 1.00,95%CI（0.97,1.04）,Z = 0.23,P = 0.82]、ICU住院时间[MD = -0.18,95%CI（-2.00,1.64）,Z = 0.20,P = 0.84]的比较,差异均无统计学意义。且在严重不良反应方面,两组患者间QTc间期延长[RR = 1.18,95%CI（0.83,1.67）,Z = 0.92,P = 0.36]、锥体外系症状[RR = 1.07,95%CI（0.69,1.67）,Z = 0.31,P = 0.76]、过度镇静[RR = 1.90,95%CI（0.77,4.66）,Z = 1.40,P = 0.16]发生的比较,差异也均无统计学意义。 结论氟哌啶醇不能预防危重症患者谵妄的发生,且对预后也没有明显改善作用。     

微课结合翻转课堂对手术室实习护生学习能力影响的Meta分析

目的 系统评价微课联合翻转课堂教学对手术室实习护生学习能力的影响。方法 检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science和Cochrane Library等数据库中与手术室实习护生带教模式相关的文献,检索时限为建库至2022年5月。由2 名研究员根据纳入和排除标准独立进行文献筛选、数据提取并进行质量评价,运用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 本研究最终纳入9篇文献,共包含研究对象833人。Meta分析结果显示,微课结合翻转课堂教学法可显著提高手术室实习护生的理论成绩[MD=8.48,95%CI(1.61～15.35),P＜0.00001],操作技能成绩[MD=10.24,95%CI(4.26～16.23),P＜0.00001],实习护生对教学方法的满意度[RR=1.16,95%CI(1.10～1.22),P＜0.00001]以及护生的学习能力[RR=1.20,95%CI(1.08～1.33),P＜0.00001]。结论 微课联合翻转课堂教学法可以提高手术室实习护生的理论知识水平、操作技能及护生学习能力,护生认可度高。     

肾脏替代治疗启动时机对成人急性肾损伤患者预后影响的Meta分析

目的系统评估启用肾脏替代治疗（RRT）时机对成人急性肾损伤（AKI）患者预后的影响。 方法计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Embase数据库从建库至2019年2月发表的关于成人AKI患者启用RRT时机的临床随机对照研究（RCT）。由2位研究者按照纳入及排除标准独立进行文献筛选、资料提取及质量评价,采用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。 结果共纳入11个RCT,包括2 332例AKI患者。Meta分析显示,早期与晚期启动RRT治疗的AKI患者间总病死率[相对危险度（RR）= 0.92,95%置信区间（CI）（0.78,1.09）,Z = 5.53,P = 0.35]、14 d病死率[RR = 0.84,95%CI（0.66,1.07）,Z = 1.40,P = 0.16]、30 d病死率[RR = 0.98,95%CI（0.83,1.10）,Z = 0.40,P = 0.69]、60 d病死率[RR = 0.97,95%CI（0.87,1.07）,Z = 0.67,P = 0.50]、90 d病死率[RR = 1.00,95%CI（0.89,1.12）,Z = 0.01,P = 0.99]、ICU住院时间[标准均数差（SMD）= -0.08,95%CI（-0.18,0.02）,Z = 1.63,P = 0.10]以及总住院时间[SMD = -0.16,95%CI（-0.32,0.00）,Z = 1.96,P = 0.05]的比较,差异均无统计学意义。 结论早期RRT治疗不能改善成人AKI患者的预后。     

循证护理在重症急性胰腺炎病人中应用效果的Meta分析

目的:评价循证护理在重症急性胰腺炎病人中的应用效果。方法:通过检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库中发表的关于循证护理对重症急性胰腺炎病人应用的随机对照试验,根据拟定的纳入及排除标准筛选文献并对其进行偏倚风险评估和数据提取,采用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:本次研究最终纳入15项临床研究,共有1240例重症急性胰腺炎病人。Meta分析结果显示,病人住院时间[MD=-5.98,95%CI(-7.05,-4.91),P<0.00001]、并发症发生率[OR=0.21,95%CI(0.15,0.30),P<0.00001]、护理满意度[OR=7.22,95%CI(4.64,11.23),P<0.00001]、病死率[OR=0.09,95%CI(0.02,0.34),P=0.0004]、护理有效率[OR=6.46,95%CI(3.37,12.37),P<0.00001]。各方面均表明,循证护理较常规护理有更好的效果,差异均具有统计学意义。结论:循证护理的整体应用效果优于常规护理,能更好地促进病人康复。