血管内治疗颈内动脉床突旁破裂动脉瘤

目的 探讨血管内治疗颈内动脉床突旁破裂动脉瘤的临床效果。方法 2011年1月至2014年12月血管内治疗颈内动脉床突旁破裂动脉瘤26例。结果 单纯弹簧圈栓塞治疗11例,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗15例。术后即刻造影示:Raymond分级Ⅰ级15例,Ⅱ级8例,Ⅲ级3例。术中发生并发症9例,其中1例术中再次破裂,最后死亡。25例术后平均随访6个月,无动脉瘤再破裂出血;5例复发,其中3例再次支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗;改良Rankin量表评分评估患者预后:预后良好（0~2分）23例,预后差（3~6分）2例。结论 血管内治疗颈内动脉床突旁破裂动脉瘤仍存在挑战,常需使用支架辅助技术,尽管存在一定复发率,但近期仍可达到很好的临床效果。     

Neuroform Atlas stent-assisted coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A multicenter study

PurposeTo assess efficacy, safety and to discuss optimal medical therapy of stent-assisted coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.MethodsRuptured intracranial aneurysms treated with stent-assisted coiling in eight different institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Medical treatment regimens varied among the centers, mainly regarding heparin administration and post-procedural single or double antiplatelet therapy. Clinical and angiographic results, including complications and outcomes were analyzed and related to the different therapies.ResultsSixty-one consecutive patients (male/female 23/38), aged 59.1 years (36–86) underwent stent-assisted coiling for ruptured intracranial aneurysm without antiplatelet pre-medication. Intravenous acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 500 mg was administered to all patients immediately after stent deployment. At the same time heparin was given as bolus in 15 patients (24.6%) as part of local protocol. Intravenous glycoprotein 2b/3a inhibitors (antiGP2b3a) were used as bail-out therapy for stent thrombosis. Stent thrombosis occurred in 22 patients (36.1%), of which 4 (6.5%) lead to incomplete and 18 (29.6) to complete occlusion of the stent. Heparin administration had no effect on thrombosis rate. Thrombosis resolution occurred in all cases with intravenous antiGP2b3a (7 tirofiban, 15 abciximab), without increasing overall complication rate. Single antiplatelet therapy with ASA (28 patients, 45.9%) or double antiplatelet therapy including ASA and clopidogrel (33 patients, 54.1%) were administered after procedure, depending on local protocols and on neurointerventionists’ experience. Overall complication rate, including ischemia and hemorrhage was higher in patients in which only ASA was administered (21.4% vs. 12.1%). No late stent thrombosis was seen, regardless of whether a single or double antiplatelet regimen was used. Nevertheless, the small sample size suggests caution in interpreting these results. Moreover, a possible bias may arise from the decision whether to modify the maintenance therapy or not depending on the severity of the intracranial hemorrhage in a case-by-case assessment. At three months, 34 out of 38 patients with HH grade 1-2 (89.4%), and 11 out of 23 with Hunt-Hess grade of 3-4 (47.8%) were independent (Modified Ranking Scale 0-2).ConclusionStent assisted coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysms is a feasible option when simple coiling is not possible. Optimal medical treatment is still controversial because balance between hemorrhagic and ischemic risks is difficult to evaluate. In our series, heparin bolus had no effect on subsequent stent thrombosis. In all cases peri-operative stent thrombosis was successfully managed using bail-out intravenous antiGP2b3a, which did not increase post-procedural hemorrhage rates. A non-significant trend towards increased complications rate was noticed in patients treated with single antiplatelet therapy versus double antiplatelet therapy.     

支架辅助栓塞脑宽颈动脉瘤的临床随访研究

目的 总结和评估本组使用支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞脑宽颈动脉瘤患者的临床结果和血管造影结果.方法 2009年4月至2011年10月,共有169例宽颈动脉瘤患者应用Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞.利用统计方法评价分析栓塞程度、临床结果、血管造影结果及栓塞相关并发症等.结果 169例患者中,共有166(98.2％)例患者(179枚宽颈动脉瘤)支架释放满意.术中即时造影显示101枚动脉瘤(56.4％)完全栓塞,55枚动脉瘤(30.7％)近全栓塞.接受血管造影随访患者共108例,平均随访时间8.1个月,造影显示95枚动脉瘤(79.8％)为完全栓塞,12枚动脉瘤(10.1％)为近全栓塞.166例患者中6例发生血栓(其中症状性血栓形成5例,无症状性血栓形成1例),术中动脉瘤破裂出血死亡1例.造影随访108例患者中共有10例患者(10枚动脉瘤)复发,均行二期栓塞,栓塞结果满意.结论 Enterprise支架对宽颈动脉瘤的辅助栓塞具有较好的安全性和有效性,完全栓塞率较高以及并发症率较低.     

Treatment of fenestrated vertebrobasilar junction-related aneurysms with endovascular techniques

Fenestrated vertebrobasilar junction-related aneurysms (fVBJ-AN) are uncommon and endovascular management strategies have become the first options for the treatment of these lesions. This clinical study aimed to report our experience in the endovascular management of these lesions and to review the literature. We retrospectively reviewed 10 consecutive patients harboring 12 fVBJ-AN between January 2007 and December 2014. The demographic, angiographic and clinical data were reviewed. Additionally, a literature review was performed. Endovascular management strategies were successfully applied in all 10 patients. Post-procedural angiograms indicated total occlusion in eight (66.7%) aneurysms, a residual neck in one (8.3%) aneurysm, and three residual aneurysms (25%). No procedure-related complications were observed. Follow-up angiograms were obtained in eight patients and revealed nine occluded aneurysms and one improved aneurysm; two patients were lost to angiographic follow-up. Clinical follow-ups were obtained in all patients (until July 2015), and the modified Rankin Scale scores at 69.5 months (range 17–101 months) of follow-up were 0 in eight patients and 1 in two patients. Endovascular management strategies provided a high occlusion rate and an acceptable complication rate and are thus efficacious in the treatment of fVBJ-AN. Further studies are necessary to validate the utility of these treatments due to the low incidence of fVBJ-AN.     

Stent-assisted coiling of cerebral aneurysms using the Enterprise and the Solitaire devices

Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the technical feasibility, peri- and post-procedural morbidity and mortality as well as clinical and angiographic follow-up using the Enterprise and the Solitaire stent currently available to be used for stent-assisted coiling of broad-based cerebral aneurysms.

Material and methods:

We conducted a retrospective study to investigate differences in aneurysms stented with the Enterprise (n = 58) and Solitaire stents (n = 19). Angiographic follow-up (mean: 8·25 onths) was available in 82·6% of patients treated with stent-assisted coiling.

Results:

All stents were successfully deployed. There is a higher acute in-stent thrombosis complication in Solitaire stent placement (P = 0·012). However, we observed no significant differences in peri-procedural morbidity and mortality rate (P = 0·253), angiographic results (P = 0·411), recurrence rate (P = 1·000), or long-term neurological deficit (P = 0·435).

Conclusion:

Both stents exhibited similar immediate and mid-term results with major neurological morbidities and mortality rate being low. More thrombogenic complications overall were found in Solitaire group.     

Single-centre comparison of procedural complications,clinical outcome,and angiographic follow-up between coiling and stent-assisted coiling for posterior communicating artery aneurysms

Aneurysm recurrence is a principle limitation of endovascular coiling procedures, especially in posterior communicating artery aneurysms, with reported recurrence rates of >30%. The adjunctive use of self-expandable stents has revolutionised the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, especially for complex morphologies, wide necks, or unfavourable dome-to-neck ratios. However, there are limited data concerning a direct comparison between simple coiling and stent-assisted coiling in posterior communicating artery aneurysms. This study aimed to compare the durability and outcomes of coiling versus stent-assisted coiling procedures. Imaging data of patients with posterior communicating artery aneurysms treated with coiling or stent-assisted coiling between January 2008 and October 2012 were retrospectively analysed. The initial angiographic results, procedural complications, and clinical outcomes were assessed at discharge. Imaging follow-up was performed with cerebral angiography. Complete aneurysm occlusion was achieved on initial angiography in 23/56 (41.1%) stent and 83/235 (35.3%) non-stent patients. At the latest follow-up (mean follow-up 14.3 ± 10.4 months for stent and 13.2 ± 9.5 months for non-stent patients), aneurysms had recurred in 5/47 (10.6%) stent and 57/203 (28.1%) non-stent patients (p = 0.014). Procedural complications occurred in 6/56 (10.7%) stent and 27/235 (11.5%) non-stent aneurysms. No rebleeding occurred during clinical follow-up (mean duration, 46.7 months). Recurrence rates at the latest follow-up were significantly lower in patients undergoing stent-assisted coiling than those undergoing simple coiling. Thus, use of the stent-assisted neck remodelling technique in the treatment of wide-necked posterior communicating artery intracranial aneurysms appears to improve the long-term clinical outcome.     

Comparison of Long-Term Angiographic Results of Wide-Necked Intracranial Aneurysms : Endovascular Treatment with Single-Microcatheter Coiling,Double-Microcatheter Coiling,and Stent-Assisted Coiling

ObjectiveEndovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is challenging in case of wide-necked aneurysms because coils are prone to herniate into the parent artery, causing thromboembolic events or vessel occlusion. This study aims to compare long-term angiographic results of wide-necked aneurysms treated by stent-assisted, double-microcatheter, or single-microcatheter groups. MethodsBetween January 2003 and October 2016, 108 aneurysms that were treated with endovascular coil embolization with a neck size wider than 4 mm and a follow-up period of more than 3 years were selected. We performed coil embolization with single-microcatheter, double-microcatheter, and stent-assisted techniques. Angiographic results were evaluated using the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification (RROC). All medical and angiographic records were reviewed retrospectively. ResultsClinical and angiographic analyses were conducted in 108 wide-necked aneurysms. The immediate post-procedural results revealed RROC class I (complete occlusion) in 66 cases (61.1%), class II (residual neck) in 36 cases (33.3%), and class III (residual sac) in six cases (5.6%). The final follow-up results revealed class I in 48 cases (44.4%), class II in 49 cases (45.4%), and class III in 11 cases (10.2%). Of a total of 45 (41.6%) radiologic recurrences, there were 21 cases (19.4%) of major recurrence that required additional treatment, and 24 cases (22.2%) of minor recurrence. The final follow-up angiographic results showed statistically significant differences between the stent-assisted group and the others (p<0.01). ConclusionLong-term follow-up angiography demonstrated that the stent-assisted technique had a better complete occlusion rate than the other two techniques.     

WEB-assisted microwire navigation for the treatment of complex wide-neck intracranial aneurysms: Technical note

BackgroundUnfavorable aneurysm anatomy can make microwire navigation challenging, increasing the risk of complications. We present our experience of WEB-assisted microcatheterization in complex aneurysms.Clinical presentationFlow diversion was performed for three wide-neck large/giant intracranial aneurysms. A WEB was placed inside the sac, blocking the aneurysm neck and providing a contact surface to redirect the microwire across the aneurysm.ConclusionWEB-assisted microcatheterization appears an alternative strategy for the treatment of complex aneurysms.     

血管内支架结合弹簧圈栓塞椎基底动脉梭形动脉瘤

目的 探讨和总结应用血管内支架结合弹簧圈栓塞颅内梭形动脉瘤的技术。方法 回顾性分析11例颅内梭形动脉瘤，均采用血管内支架结合弹簧圈技术治疗。结果 基底动脉处4例，椎动脉远端7例，11例全部应用支架结合弹簧圈栓塞。1例术后出现一过性脑缺血的表现。7例造影随访3－12个月，无复发及狭窄。结论 在栓塞颅内梭形动脉瘤时应用血管内支架结合弹簧圈技术，防止弹簧圈突入载瘤动脉，保持载瘤动脉通畅，提高了颅内梭形动脉瘤的疗效。     

Blister-like aneurysms of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery: Challenging endovascular treatment with stent-assisted coiling

'Blister-like' aneurysms of the supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery are usually small and have fragile walls, necessitating special care to prevent rebleeding. These lesions are considered high-risk aneurysms because of the technical difficulties associated with their surgical and endovascular treatment. In this report, we describe the use of stent-assisted, repeated coil embolization in the treatment of a ruptured blister-like aneurysm that experienced rapid growth. Stent-assisted coil embolization is an alternative, but sometimes hazardous, treatment for select blister-like aneurysms. Careful serial follow-up angiography will provide documentation as to the long-term stability of the endovascularly treated blister-like aneurysm described here, but early results are encouraging. Alternatively, placement of telescoped stents or graft-stent devices offers promise for future endovascular therapy.     

颅内动脉瘤Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术后的血流动力学变化:基于计算流体力学分析

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞后瘤腔和载瘤动脉的血流动力学改变.方法 回顾性分析2021年3～8月Enterprise支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗的24例颅内动脉瘤的临床资料.收集术前、术后即刻动脉瘤瘤腔和载瘤动脉处DSA数据的DICOM格式,导入OpenFOAM软件,应用计算流体力学数值模拟技术...     

支架结合弹簧圈栓塞颅内复杂动脉瘤

目的探讨和总结支架结合弹簧圈血管内治疗颅内宽颈、梭形等复杂动脉瘤的技术及疗效。方法回顾性分析颅内支架结合可脱弹簧圈治疗41例44个颅内宽颈、梭形动脉瘤的临床资料。结果支架结合弹簧圈完成栓塞40个动脉瘤(其中1例采用"Y"型双支架),动脉瘤100%栓塞23个,95%栓塞11个,90%栓塞5个,80%栓塞1个;4个微小动脉瘤单纯植入支架未填塞瘤体。死亡2例,1例死于血小板功能障碍所致脑干出血,1例单纯放置支架术后13d死于再次蛛网膜下腔出血。32例随访3～18个月无再出血及脑梗死,7例失访;24例26个动脉瘤术后3～18个月接受血管造影,与栓塞后即刻血管造影相比,影像学无变化者14个,7个瘤颈残留者已不显影,1个100%栓塞者瘤颈少许显影,1个90%栓塞者瘤颈显影稍有增大;3个单纯放置支架未填塞动脉瘤腔的动脉瘤中2个不显影,1个体积有所缩小。结论支架结合弹簧圈栓塞颅内复杂动脉瘤有较好的疗效,但应警惕抗血小板药物所致的风险,特别对于未能有效填塞瘤腔的动脉瘤。     

血管内治疗颅内动脉瘤33例临床分析

目的探讨血管内治疗颅内动脉瘤的方法及效果。方法33例颅内动脉瘤患者共有37枚动脉瘤,其中28枚采用单纯弹簧圈栓塞,9枚采用支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞。结果完全栓塞30枚,次完全栓塞6枚,不完全栓塞1枚。2例Hunt—HessV级患者死亡;1例支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞患者术后出现再出血,经治疗后痊愈;余患者术后随访1个月～2年,未发生再出血和动脉瘤复发。结论血管内治疗颅内动脉瘤是一种安全、微创、有效的方法。宽颈动脉瘤应用支架辅助技术治疗操作简单、并发症少。     

破裂前交通动脉动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的 总结破裂前交通动脉动脉瘤血管内治疗的经验和体会.方法 回顾性分析我院38例应用支架辅助、双微导管技术进行血管内治疗破裂前交通动脉动脉瘤的临床资料、栓塞过程以及治疗结果.结果38例患者中致密填塞33例,大部分填塞3例,瘤颈残留l例,术中破裂出血后死亡l例.12例患者入院DSA复查未见动脉瘤复发.结论 破裂前交通动脉动脉瘤治疗比较困难,通过血管内治疗能够达到良好的治疗效果,但还需要积累大量的临床经验,不断提高血管内治疗水平.     

Double lumen remodelling balloon: a new technique for treatment of bifurcation aneurysms

Bifurcation aneurysms (carotid bifurcation aneurysms, top of basilar artery aneurysms and middle cerebral artery aneurysms) are frequently treated by endovascular treatment (EVT) but their treatment is sometimes difficult singularly when the neck is wide. The “remodelling technique” is used for the treatment of these difficult aneurysms. However, the use of this technique is more complicated in bifurcation aneurysms compared to side-wall aneurysms. It is effectively necessary to protect in the same time the aneurysm neck, the parent vessel, and also the collateral branches. We present endovascular treatment of two cases of bifurcation aneurysms using a new technique of remodelling for endovascular treatment of bifurcation aneurysms by using a double lumen balloon.     

覆膜支架治疗完全盗血型颈动脉海绵窦瘘

目的探讨覆膜支架用于血管内治疗完全盗血型颈动脉海绵窦瘘(CCF)的效果。方法自2008年7月至2009年5月,应用覆膜支架对6例完全盗血型CCF进行血管内治疗。结果5例患者覆膜支架均成功释放于瘘口处,瘘口消除并保持颈内动脉通畅,1例因颈内动脉海绵窦段过度迂曲无法到达理想位置。全组无手术相关并发症发生。术后3个月时,4例患者获脑血管造影随访,显示颈内动脉通畅,但1例患者颈外动脉海绵窦瘘较术后即刻更加明显。结论对于完全盗血型CCF,覆膜支架血管内治疗是其可供选择的有效治疗方法之一。     

LVIS jr支架在颅内宽颈动脉瘤中的应用研究

目的探讨LVIS jr支架在载瘤动脉直径≤3.0 mm的颅内宽颈动脉瘤支架辅助栓塞术中的应用。方法回顾纳入解放军总医院神经内科2016年1月-2018年12月收治的37例载瘤动脉直径≤3.0 mm的颅内宽颈动脉瘤(瘤颈>4 mm或体颈比<2),应用LVIS jr支架行动脉瘤支架辅助栓塞术。分析术毕即刻造影、术中并发症、术后数字减影血管造影(DSA)、改良RANKIN量表(MRS)等随访结果。结果 37例动脉瘤患者,栓塞后即刻改良Raymond分级:1级20个(54.05%),2级6个(16.21%),3级11个(29.72%)。术中血栓事件3例(8.10%)。术后复查17例(45.94%),复查时改良Raymond分级、MRS评分较出院均有不同程度改善。结论 LVIS jr支架在颅内宽颈动脉瘤支架辅助栓塞的治疗中安全、有效。     

血管内支架结合微弹簧圈栓塞颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的　探讨和总结应用血管内支架结合弹簧圈技术治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的技术。方法　回顾性分析 16例颅内宽颈动脉瘤 ,瘤颈 /瘤体比为 0 5～ 1∶1,均采用血管内支架结合弹簧圈技术治疗。结果　 16例血管内支架结合弹簧圈技术治疗的动脉瘤 ,12例完全栓塞 ,4例大部 (>95 % )栓塞。有 7例随访 6个月～ 1年 ,有 1例出现动脉瘤复发。 1例术后出现一过性脑缺血的表现。结论　在栓塞宽颈颅内动脉瘤时应用血管内支架结合弹簧圈技术 ,可避免弹簧圈突入载瘤动脉 ,提高了宽颈颅内动脉瘤的疗效