鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎

目的探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床特征,鼻内镜手术方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析102例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者临床资料。结果所有患者均行鼻内镜手术治疗,随访6个月至4年,治愈77例,好转20例,复发5例。结论鼻腔鼻窦解剖异常是非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的主要致病因素。鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效手段,术后复发与手术的彻底性、术后鼻腔鼻窦处理有关。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎86例的疗效观察

目的观察鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法 2015年6月至2016年8月在我科治疗的非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者86例,行鼻内镜下鼻窦开放术,术后联合药物治疗及鼻腔冲洗,随访6个月到2年,分析临床疗效。结果 86例非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者中,84例术后一次性治愈,随访6个月~2年无复发。2例复发患者,经再次手术后治愈。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦开放术结合药物治疗与鼻腔冲洗,是治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效方法。     

鼻内镜下治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的术式选择与疗效

目的探讨鼻内镜手术与传统术式结合治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效。方法对我科2003年6月～2009年6月有完整随访资料的接受鼻内镜手术治疗的58例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料进行分析。其中采用单纯鼻内镜手术32例,鼻内镜联合改良柯-陆术式11例,鼻内镜联合下鼻道开窗15例,并对所有患者术后情况进行随访。结果随访1年以上,仅3例手术后复发,其余55例在随访期内均未见复发。结论鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎安全且有效的手段,可基本完整保留鼻腔、鼻窦正常的解剖结构。彻底清除真菌团块、术后定期随访是治疗成功的关键。     

鼻内镜手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎45例

目的探讨鼻内镜下治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法在鼻内镜下对45例慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者行鼻窦清创术,部分病例加行下鼻道开窗术,彻底清除鼻窦病变组织及鼻病变黏膜和骨质,充分开放鼻窦,术后应用大扶康冲洗术腔,并定期行鼻内镜检查。结果随访6个月至6年,治愈41例,复发4例。复发病例经再次鼻内镜手术后治愈,无手术并发症。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦清创术是治疗侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的重要手段,术后定期复查并辅以大扶康术腔冲洗,疗效良好。     

111例非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎临床特征分析

目的:分析非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎的临床特点、诊治过程及疗效,探讨其诊断要点、处理措施及影响疗效和转归的因素。方法:回顾性总结111例非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,分析该疾病的临床症状、鼻内镜及CT检查、手术方法、疗效及复发患者的处理。结果:通过临床症状、鼻内镜及CT检查,86例患者术前已获确诊。全部患者经功能性内镜鼻窦手术治疗均获临床治愈,无一例出现手术并发症,随访1～5年,复发12例,于门诊表面麻醉下鼻内镜处理后7例治愈,5例效果不佳。结论:非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎具有独特的鼻内镜及CT表现,可与一般的慢性鼻鼻窦炎相鉴别;鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎的有效手段;彻底清除病变及术后鼻窦引流通畅是影响疗效和转归的最主要因素。     

真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎55例临床分析

目的:探讨真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的发病原因、鼻内镜手术方法及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析55例真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料。结果:全部患者经鼻内镜手术治疗均获临床治愈,无一例出现手术并发症。随访6个月～2年,复发2例。结论:鼻腔、鼻窦局部解剖异常和局部创伤史是真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者患病的主要原因。鼻内镜手术是治疗真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效手段。术后复发与术后是否定期冲洗窦腔有关。     

72例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻内镜手术

目的:评价鼻内镜手术在治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效。方法:采用Storz鼻内镜对72例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎病例行鼻内镜手术,彻底清除鼻腔、鼻窦病变组织,充分开放鼻窦,扩大上颌窦自然口,使其直径达1.0cm以上,术后应用大扶康冲洗术腔3次。结果:随访6个月~6年,全部病例均治愈,无复发。术前症状如鼻塞、流脓涕、血涕、鼻腔异味及头痛症状消失,经鼻内镜检查:全部病例中鼻道、上颌窦口通畅,鼻腔及窦腔内黏膜正常,腔内无真菌团块及异常分泌物。结论:鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的主要手段,辅以大扶康液冲洗术腔,疗效更好。     

鼻内镜上颌窦置管法治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎

非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎（noninvasive fungal rhino-sinusitis, NIFRS 是鼻科临床常见的感染性疾病,药物及鼻窦穿刺冲洗治疗疗效不佳,易反复发作,手术是彻底治愈非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎最有效的方法。回顾我科2007年10月-2011年10月采用经鼻内镜行上颌窦置管法治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎125例,取得满意疗效,现报道如下。     

非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎手术治疗方式的比较

目的探讨鼻内镜手术代替传统柯-陆手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法回顾分析四川省人民医院31例经鼻内镜手术及病理报告确诊为非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料。结果31例症状体症均消失。结论采用鼻内境手术治疗非侵袭真菌性鼻窦炎，较之传统柯-陆手术创伤小、照明好、清除病灶准确；不损害鼻腔正常的生理功能；保证鼻窦通气引流，减少复发，治愈率高。     

鼻内镜下手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的探讨

目的：评价鼻内镜手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的效果。方法：回顾性分析鼻内镜下手术治疗的术后病理确诊为慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的63例患者资料。结果：随访6个月～1年,全部痊愈,少数有轻度并发症。结论：鼻内镜手术是治疗鼻-鼻窦真菌性疾病的有效方法,可不使用抗真菌药。     

42例非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎临床分析

目的探讨功能性鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2 0 0 9～2 0 1 1年经我院病理确诊的真菌性鼻窦炎患者4 2例,分析其专科检查、影像学资料、临床表现及鼻内镜手术治疗后的疗效。结果所有患者术后随访1年以上均未见复发,术后病理检查发现真菌及菌丝。结论通畅鼻腔鼻窦引流,彻底清除窦腔内真菌团块,对真菌性鼻窦炎的治疗有重要的意义。     

Fungal rhinosinusitis - still unsolved problem

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses. Fungi are considered to be one of the pathogens responsible for some kinds of CRS. Fungal rhinosinusitis - the classifications schemes, the diagnostic criteria and methods of treatment are still being discussed. 338 patients underwent the endoscopic sinus surgery due to CRS in the Otolaryngology Department of the Medical University of Lodz in the years 2009-2011 (February). The histopathological examination revealed fungi only in three patients. The authors report three cases of patients with fungal rhinosinustis - the fungal ball of the sphenoid sinus in one patients, the fungal ball of the maxillary sinus in the second one and non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. The different classifications and diagnostic criteria are also presented. Based on the publications using updated diagnostic standards and sensitive techniques to detect fungi, a higher number of patients can now be diagnosed with fungal rhinosinusitis.     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者症状学特点及内镜鼻窦手术后主要症状的转归

目的：探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的症状学特点及内镜鼻窦手术前后患者主观症状的变化。方法：采用视觉模拟量表对119例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者（52例不伴鼻息肉和67例伴鼻息肉）的鼻塞、头昏（头痛）、面部疼痛（胀满感）、嗅觉障碍和鼻分泌物（后鼻漏）5个主要症状进行评分,比较内镜鼻窦手术前和手术后12个月评分的变化。结果：伴和不伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者出现最多的症状均依次为鼻塞、鼻分泌物（后鼻漏）、头昏（头痛）、面部疼痛（胀满感）和嗅觉障碍。不伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者较伴鼻息肉者鼻分泌物评分显著增高（P〈0．01）,但嗅觉障碍评分者显著降低（P〈0．01）。在最令人困扰的症状方面,不伴鼻息肉和伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者分别是鼻分泌物（后鼻漏）和嗅觉障碍。术后伴鼻息肉和不伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者各个症状出现的频率和评分均较术前显著降低（P〈0．01）。结论：伴鼻息肉和不伴鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者症状学具有不同的特点,内镜鼻窦手术可以显著改善患者的主观症状,视觉模拟量表评估患者的主观症状是一简便、易于开展的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎疗效主观评估方法。     

Isolation of fungi by standard laboratory methods in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Allergic fungal sinusitis and the role of fungi in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis are topics of interest and controversy in rhinology. The classification of chronic rhinosinusitis as either a bacterial infection or an allergic (eosinophilic) reaction to fungi has significant implications for treatment of this disease process. We designed a study to determine whether standard isolation techniques, as employed in a university hospital mycology laboratory, could isolate and identify fungi in the intraoperative specimens from patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-five random patients with a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis by clinical and computed tomography criteria underwent endoscopic sinus surgery during 2001, performed by two senior surgeons (J.B.J., R.A.L.). Specimens of mucin, sinus secretions, and/or tissue were obtained intraoperatively and sent to the New York University Medical Center (New York, NY) mycology laboratory for isolation and identification of fungi. METHODS: Specimens were treated with Sputolysin and chloramphenicol; plated on Sabouraud, ChromAgar/Candida, Mycosel, and Niger seed agar plates; and incubated at 30 degrees C (or 37 degrees C) for up to 1 month. RESULTS: We were able to demonstrate the presence of fungi in 56% of intraoperative specimens obtained from patients undergoing surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. CONCLUSIONS: Using a standard hospital mycology laboratory protocol, which is relatively inexpensive and readily available, fungus can be isolated from a majority of patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Educational statement: Discuss the possible role of fungus in chronic rhinosinusitis and evaluate the efficacy of documenting the presence of fungus in a routine fashion to encourage clinically relevant directed treatments.)     

腺样体切除术对儿童慢性鼻窦炎的影响

目的:探讨腺样体切除术对儿童慢性鼻窦炎的影响.方法:慢性鼻窦炎患儿51例,其中单纯腺样体切除术17例,腺样体切除术加鼻窦开放术22例,单纯鼻窦开放术12例,术后随访6个月以上.结果:单纯腺样体切除组有效率88.2%,腺样体切除术加鼻窦开放组有效率100.0%,单纯鼻窦开放组有效率75.0%.腺样体切除术加鼻窦开放组和单纯鼻窦开放术组之间的有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论;腺样体肥大与儿童慢性鼻窦炎发生密切相关,腺样体切除术是有效的辅助治疗措施.     

两种不同的手术方式治疗真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎

目的：比较鼻内镜下上颌窦开放术和鼻内镜下上颌窦开放术+柯-陆(Caldwell Luc)手术治疗真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效。方法:将30例随机分成两组，A组15例，采用鼻内镜下上颌窦开放术（简称开放式手术）；B组15例，采用开放术联合柯-陆手术（简称联合式手术），术后用1%H202及生理盐水冲洗,不用抗真菌药。结果:随访1～3 年,开放式手术组15例中治愈5例，术腔完全上皮化，症状消退；好转4例，局部有迁延性炎症,少量脓性引流,开口缩小；复发6例,窦口闭塞,窦腔内再次出现真菌样沉积物堆积。联合式手术组15例中治愈12例，好转3例，无真菌性炎症复发，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01)。两种术式均无并发症发生。结论:本研究结果表明,采用尖牙窝、上颌窦自然开口双径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的优势在于清除病变彻底,使鼻窦建立足够的通气引流通道，彻底改变了真菌生存的低氧环境,且能保存上颌窦黏膜的正常生理功能，可避免传统方法引起的狭窄、闭锁、引流不畅以及上颌窦通气不良、功能恢复不佳等缺点。此术式创伤小,能真正达到根治、微创目的。     

Proteomics blood testing to distinguish chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes

Objectives: To evaluate the potential of surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (SELDI‐TOF‐MS) proteomic profiling of serum samples to distinguish chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes. Study Design: Translational study of serum samples from prospectively enrolled patients undergoing sinus surgery. Methods: Patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis were prospectively enrolled in an ongoing, institutional review board approved proteomics study. SELDI‐TOF‐MS was performed on 42 serum samples in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (15 patients diagnosed with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, 10 patients with Samter's triad, and 17 with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis). Classification tree analysis on protein spectra developed from peaks detected in the 0 to 100 kD range was performed to identify disease subtypes. Results: SELDI‐TOF‐MS correctly identified patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis from serum samples with 84% sensitivity and 90% specificity, and correctly identified patients with Samter's triad with 88% sensitivity and 88% specificity in two subtype comparison groups. SELDI‐TOF‐MS correctly identified patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis with 76% sensitivity and 82% specificity, and correctly identified patients with Samter's triad with 80% sensitivity and 90% specificity in three subtype comparison groups. Conclusion: The study provides molecular evidence that allergic fungal rhinosinusitis is a discrete subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis. SELDI‐TOF‐MS is a promising technology that could lead to the development of a rapid blood test, to identify severe chronic rhinosinusitis subtypes. Further investigation into the utility of this technology is warranted.     

手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎对控制支气管哮喘发作疗效的初步观察

目的探讨慢性鼻窦炎合并支气管哮喘患者在手术治疗慢性鼻窦炎后支气管哮喘的发作情况。方法选取2001～2007年我院收治的慢性鼻窦炎且合并支气管哮喘的手术患者40例行鼻内镜下手术,术后平均随访(5.4±2.0)年,观察鼻窦炎术后哮喘发作情况。结果术后1年随访结果显示,支气管哮喘治愈6例(15.0%),好转18例(45.0%);术后3年随访结果显示,支气管哮喘治愈18例(45.0%),好转14例(35.0%)。结论多数慢性鼻窦炎合并支气管哮喘患者经鼻内镜手术治疗后支气管哮喘症状明显改善,部分患者甚至可以治愈。