人工晶状体眼继发视网膜脱离的临床分析

目的 回顾性总结白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后继发视网膜脱离病例,分析其致病因素、临床特征及治疗效果.方法 选择人工晶状体眼继发视网膜脱离病例24例25只眼.其临床体征表现为晶状体后囊膜破裂、人工晶状体偏位、晶状体皮质残留、瞳孔不易散大和眼轴长等特征;视网膜脱离范围2象限至全脱离;3只眼行外路视网膜脱离手术,22只眼行玻璃体手术.结果 24只手术眼视网膜复位良好,术后矫正视力较术前明显提高,未出现严重并发症,1只眼视网膜脱离复发,再次手术并硅油填充.结论 白内障术后致玻璃体活动度增加是造成人工晶状体眼继发视网膜脱离的主要原因,高度近视、晶状体囊膜破裂、玻璃体脱出及人工晶状体偏位等是继发视网膜脱离发生的高危因素,及早明确诊断,合理的手术治疗,会取得好的效果.     

人工晶状体眼继发视网膜脱离的临床分析

目的 回顾性总结白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后继发视网膜脱离病例,分析其致病因素、临床特征及治疗效果.方法 选择人工晶状体眼继发视网膜脱离病例24例25只眼.其临床体征表现为晶状体后囊膜破裂、人工晶状体偏位、晶状体皮质残留、瞳孔不易散大和眼轴长等特征;视网膜脱离范围2象限至全脱离;3只眼行外路视网膜脱离手术,22只眼行玻璃体手术.结果 24只手术眼视网膜复位良好,术后矫正视力较术前明显提高,未出现严重并发症,1只眼视网膜脱离复发,再次手术并硅油填充.结论 白内障术后致玻璃体活动度增加是造成人工晶状体眼继发视网膜脱离的主要原因,高度近视、晶状体囊膜破裂、玻璃体脱出及人工晶状体偏位等是继发视网膜脱离发生的高危因素,及早明确诊断,合理的手术治疗,会取得好的效果.     

人工晶状体眼的视网膜脱离

人工晶状体眼的视网膜脱离是白内障术后最严重的并发症之一。随着白内障手术不断普及以及人们寿命的延长,人工晶状体眼的视网膜脱离占孔源性视网膜脱离的比例逐渐增高。本文对人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的主要方面,包括不同白内障摘除手术方式及行Nd:YAG激光后囊切开术后的视网膜脱离发生率、危险因素、发生机制、临床特征、手术方法及其结果和并发症作一综述。     

人工晶状体植入术后视网膜脱离的临床分析

目的回顾性分析人工晶状体植入术后视网膜脱离患者的临床特征及手术疗效。方法2000年10月~2005年11月接诊11例(11只眼)人工晶状体植入术后视网膜脱离患者。老年性白内障9只眼,均植入后房型人工晶状体,其中1只眼后囊膜破裂。外伤性白内障2只眼,1只眼后囊膜破裂植入悬吊型人工晶状体,1只眼为玻璃体切除术后,植入前房型人工晶状体。术后出现视网膜脱离的时间:后房型人工晶状体为术后1~48月,外伤者分别为术后36~48月。对6只眼裂孔较小未出现明显PVR的患者行外路视网膜脱离手术,冷凝裂孔,巩膜外环扎加外垫压。5只眼作玻璃体切除术,其中1只眼联合环扎术,4只眼注入硅油,2只眼取出人工晶状体。结果术后随访2月~5年,视网膜均复位。结论对于人工晶状体植入术后视网膜脱离应散瞳详细查找裂孔,并根据裂孔大小、数量及PVR程度分别采用外路和内路手术,可获得良好的手术效果。     

玻璃体切割术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

人工晶状体眼的视网膜脱离 ,由于晶状体皮质残留 ,囊膜增殖及人工晶状体像差等因素的影响 ,眼底特别是周边部视网膜检查困难 ,不易发现视网膜裂孔。常规的巩膜扣带手术成功率低。现将我们近年来 ,采用玻璃体切割术治疗的 60例 60眼人工晶状体眼的视网膜脱离的结果报告如下 :对象及方法1 一般情况 :本组病例 60例 60眼 ,男性 37例 ,女性 2 3例 ;年龄 4 5～ 78岁 ;视网膜脱离距人工晶状体植入术的时间为 2 0天～ 5年 ;所有病例在植入人工晶状体前 ,均无视网膜病史 ,其中前房型人工晶状体 5例 ,后房型人工晶状体 5 5例。后囊完整的5 0例 ,人工…     

白内障术后人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离临床分析

目的 探讨白内障术后人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的临床特点及治疗方法。方法 对我院1998年～2002年4年间经行常规视网膜脱离复位术及玻璃体视网膜联合术治疗的16例(16只眼)白内障术后人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 行常规视网膜脱离复位术(巩膜外加压 冷凝 放液术)12只眼；玻璃体切除、眼内填充联合巩膜环扎术4只眼。随访3月～1年，视网膜复位12只眼(占75％)，术后视力提高10只眼，不变4只眼，下降2只眼。16只眼均未行人工晶状体取出。结论 人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离具有发展迅速、眼内病情复杂、眼底周边部检查困难、裂孔发现率低，易致严重PVR，诊断及治疗难度加大等特点。白内障术后人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离，应根据不同的病情选择相应的手术方式进行治疗，仍可取得较好的疗效。     

人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离临床分析

目的 探讨白内障术后人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的临床特点、发病机理及手术方法。方法 对我院1998年～2004年收治的18例(18只眼)白内障术后人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离进行回顾性分析。结果 一次手术视网膜复位14只眼(77.8％);术后视力提高12只眼,视力不变者4只眼,视力下降2只眼。结论 人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离具有视网膜脱离发展快、病情重、裂孔寻找困难的特点;一旦出现网脱症状,应仔细检查,尽早采取合适的手术方式．提高视网膜复位率以保存视功能。     

人工晶状体眼的视网膜脱离22例分析

人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离是一种特殊类型的复杂性视网膜脱离。笔者自1993～1997年收治22例24眼,现报道如下。1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料:本组人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离22例24眼,男性20例22眼,女性2例2眼,年龄21～72岁,平均46 3岁。1.2 视网膜脱离发生的时间:人工晶状体植入术后1个月以内视网膜脱离2眼,2～6个月脱离14眼,7个月～1年脱离5眼,4年以内脱离3眼。1.3 视网膜脱离形成分级和特点1.3.1 视网膜脱离形成分级:按1983年国际视网膜学会命名委员会提出的分类法,大多数属于C级,其中B级4眼,C1级3眼,C2级5眼,C3级6眼,D1级2眼,D2级3眼,D3级1眼…     

显微内镜下玻璃体视网膜手术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的探讨眼科显微内镜在人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离玻璃体视网膜手术中的应用。方法对32例(32眼)人工晶状体术后视网膜脱离在眼科显微内镜下行玻璃体视网膜手术,观察视网膜解剖复位率、裂孔检出、视力、并发症。平均随诊时间14.6月。结果首次玻璃体切除术后视网膜复位29眼(90.63%),最终视网膜完全复位30眼(93.75%);术后6个月时矫正视力0.1以上者21眼,0.5以上者4眼。术前6眼未发现裂孔者术中内镜下全部找到裂孔,裂孔检出26眼中,术中发现新裂孔6眼,手术后10眼一时性高眼压,2眼人工晶状体移位。结论眼科内镜在人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离玻璃体视网膜手术中的应用,降低了裂孔的遗漏,使视网膜解剖复位率显著提高。     

玻璃体切除眼内填充治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的观察玻璃体切除术联合眼内填充治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的疗效.方法对10例10眼人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离实施了玻璃体切除术,其中2例填充了硅油,8例行 C3F8 气体填充,对术后视网膜复位及视力恢复情况进行了回顾性分析.结果随访2～16个月,所有病例视网膜均复位,9例视力得到了提高,1例无改善.结论玻璃体切除术联合眼内填充是治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的有效方法.     

Vitrectomy with and without encircling band for pseudophakic retinal detachment with inferior breaks: VIPER Study Report No. 3

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To test if an encircling band improves outcomes in vitrectomy for pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) with inferior or with...     

Longterm incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and survival in a defined population undergoing standardized phacoemulsification surgery

PURPOSE: To determine the longterm risk of pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) in a defined population undergoing standardized phacoemulsification surgery at a single centre. DESIGN: We carried out a register-based, retrospective, consecutive, uncontrolled study. All 6352 eyes that underwent cataract surgery at our institution during the years 1996-1998 were included in the study. The main outcome measure was the incidence of surgery for PRD. METHODS: Cataract-operated eyes were identified by a search in the local hospital registry. Eyes that subsequently underwent surgery for PRD were identified by a search in the Danish Patients Registry (LPR). Follow-up ended by 31 December 2003. Eyes in patients who died before that date were censored. RESULTS: The 8-year cumulated incidence of PRD after phacoemulsification was 0.93 per eye (95% CI 0.65-1.33). This is 8.77 (95% CI 7.12-10.72) times higher than expected in eyes that do not undergo cataract surgery. The incidence rate for retinal detachment was significantly higher in pseudophakic eyes than in the background population for at least 6 years after surgery. Patient mortality was slightly increased for men, but no different for women from that of the background population. CONCLUSION: For eyes undergoing phacoemulsification surgery, the cumulated incidence of PRD continues to increase for at least 8 years after surgery. Comparison of the cumulated incidence of PRD between different studies requires equal lengths of follow-up.     

Retinal detachment after intraocular lens implantation

Between August 1982 and July 1985, 19 eyes were operated for pseudophakic retinal detachment (PRD) (Anterior chamber lens in 13 eyes, posterior chamber lens in 3 eyes and iris supported lens in 3 eyes). The characteristics of these pseudophakic retinal detachments were very similar to those following intracapsular cataract extractions. Retina was re-attached in 18 eyes (95%), in 14 eyes, after one buckling procedure. In 4 eyes, altogether 12 surgical procedures were needed to re-attach the retina. Problems to visualize the peripheral retina, made it necessary to remove the IOL in 3 eyes (2 iris fixated and one in the anterior chamber).     

Analysis of risk factors for the outcome of primary retinal reattachment surgery in phakic and pseudophakic eyes

BACKGROUND: To compare the preoperative risk profiles of phakic and pseudophakic eyes with primary retinal detachment and to assess their impact on the outcome of primary reattachment surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 220 consecutive patients with primary retinal detachment, 165 phakic and 55 pseudophakic eyes were operated with scleral buckling alone or additional vitrectomy and followed up for 6 months. Pre-, intra- and postoperative risk factors were recorded and their impact on anatomical outcome after primary surgery in phakic and pseudophakic eyes was then compared in a multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: The cumulative probability of anatomical success 6 months after surgery was similar in phakic (88.5 %) and pseudophakic eyes (86.3 %; log rank = 0.340). The most important risk factor for a different surgical outcome between phakic and pseudophakic eyes was the size of retinal detachment (p = 0.035). In phakic eyes the size of retinal detachment had no significant impact on surgical outcome (1 vs. 4 quadrants; log rank = 0.135); whereas in pseudophakic eyes a significant impairment on surgical outcome was found (1 vs. 4 quadrants; log rank < 0.001). The relative risk for failure of primary surgery due to retinal detachment of at least 3 quadrants was in phakic eyes 1.22 (CI: 0.71 - 1.70), in pseudophakic ones 1.81 (CI: 0.88 - 2.59). CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of primary retinal reattachment surgery in phakic and pseudophakic eyes is similar for retinal detachments up to 3 quadrants. In retinal detachments of more than 9 clock times, the size of retinal detachment impairs the surgical outcome in pseudophakic eyes more than in phakic ones. The combination of extraocular surgery with vitrectomy in pseudophakic eyes with retinal detachment of more than 9 clock times contributes to a better outcome.     

Success of retinal surgery comparing phakic and pseudophakic eyes with reference to preoperative findings and the kind of lens implant]

We analyzed retrospectively 597 eyes over a minimum follow-up of 6 months and compared the results of pseudophakic eyes with phakic eyes. The repair of pseudophakic retinal detachment is more difficult than the surgery in aphakic retinal detachment. Pseudophakic retinal detachment had a more advanced retinal detachment and PVR-stages at the time of diagnosis. Localisation of the tear was more complicated and the surgery was more invasive than in phakic eyes. In 61.2% the repair was for pseudophakic eyes with posterior chamber lens 78%, with anterior chamber lens 81.8% and for iris-fixated IOL's 75%. Compared to this, the anatomic reattachment rate in phakic eyes was 94.8%. The pseudophakic group had less favorable visual results.     

Pseudophakic retinal detachment from personal material

PURPOSE: To analyse retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of 23 pseudophakic patients with retinal detachment operated at the Department of Ophthalmology in Bydgoszcz in the period from 1996 to 1998. The following factors were evaluated: time interval to retinal detachment surgery from the date of cataract surgery, intraoperative complications during the cataract extraction, state of posterior capsule, type and location of retinal tears, extension of retinal detachment, anatomical and functional results and state of fellow eye. RESULTS: Retinal detachment occurred in 65.2% pseudophakic eyes in the period shorter than 3 years after cataract extraction and IOL implantation and in 34.8% more than 5 years after this operation. In 17.4% pseudophakic eyes posterior capsula was ruptured intraoperatively, in 17.4% YAG capsulotomy and in 4.3% surgical capsulotomy were performed. In 56.5% eyes posterior capsula was intact. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest possibility of the occurrence of delayed retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes. The rupture of posterior capsule is not the only risk factor for this disease.     

Pseudophakic retinal detachment

Pseudophakic retinal detachment is a rare, but potentially serious, complication of cataract surgery. The incidence of pseudophakic retinal detachment following current surgical techniques of cataract extraction, including extracapsular cataract extraction by nuclear expression and phacoemulsification, is lower than that found after intracapsular cataract extraction. The risk of pseudophakic retinal detachment appears to be increased in myopic patients, in those patients in whom vitreous loss had occurred at the time of cataract surgery, and in patients undergoing Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy. Most cases present to the clinician when the macula is already detached and the central vision is affected. When evaluating patients with pseudophakic retinal detachment, the fundal view is often impaired by anterior or posterior capsular opacification, reflections related to the intraocular lens, or poor mydriasis. Scleral buckling, pneumatic retinopexy, and primary pars plana vitrectomy, with or without combined scleral buckling, are the surgical techniques used to treat pseudophakic retinal detachment. Anatomical success rates are high after vitreo-retinal surgery for pseudophakic retinal detachment, although a smaller proportion of patients recover good vision following surgery.     

未发现裂孔的人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的治疗

目的回顾玻璃体切割联合巩膜扣带术治疗未发现裂孔的人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的结果。方法5例（5眼）未发现视网膜裂孔的人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离患者应用标准的三通道经睫状体扁平部的玻璃体切割、液-气交换、内引流、眼内激光和巩膜扣带术治疗,术后随访6～12个月,观察术前、术后视力,术后视网膜复位状态及手术并发症。结果所有患眼在施行一次手术后视网膜均获复位,应用对数视力表检查3眼视力增进至少3行,视力不变和减退者各有1眼,后者都有黄斑病变。结论对未发现裂孔的人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离患者联合应用玻璃体切割、液-气交换、内引流、眼内激光和巩膜扣带术治疗,显示有良好的解剖和功能效果。     

Management of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetectable retinal breaks

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Difficulties encountered during the repair of pseudophakic retinal detachment are related to difficulties in peripheral retinal visualization and identification of retinal breaks. The implication of nonvisualized breaks in patients with pseudophakic retinal detachment is associated with lower rates of surgical success. This report decribes the results of a prospective trial to evaluate the efficacy of both scleral buckling surgery in the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetected retinal breaks and pars plana vitrectomy techniques in the management of the cases that redetected after primary buckling surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study represents 25 cases of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undiagnosed retinal breaks. In each case, we performed a scleral buckling that extended over the circumference of the retinal detachment. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal subretinal fluid drainage and long-term tamponade were performed on 7 patients with uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments after primary buckling surgery. The mean duration of follow up was 32 months. RESULTS: There were 25 eyes (24.5%) of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undiagnosed retinal breaks represented in our pseudophakic retinal detachment cases. Anatomic success was achieved after the initial scleral buckling surgery in 18 eyes (72%). The overall success rate was 92%. The visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 8 patients (32%), 20/80 to 20/40 in 6 patients (24%), 5/200 to 20/80 in 7 patients (28%), and light perception to hand movement in 4 patients (16%). Complications included vitreous hemorrhage, macular pucker, cystoid macular edema, and hypotony with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. CONCLUSION: Scleral buckling surgery in conjunction with cryotherapy is effective in the initial treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment with undetectable retinal breaks. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal fluid-gas exchange and long-term tamponade can be used to treat these patients with recurrent retinal detachment after primary buckling surgery to get a higher overall success rate.     

玻璃体切割术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离的结果分析

目的探寻人工晶状体眼裂孔性视网膜脱离(pseu-dophakicretinaldetachment,PRD)玻璃体切割术后视网膜再脱离和视力差的原因。方法106例PRD患者均选择玻璃体切割作为首选手术,其中术前27例未发现裂孔,26例曾行Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开术。术后随访6~94.8月,平均20.8月。结果术后视网膜首次复位77例,29例视网膜再脱离的原因主要是视网膜新裂孔出现和增生性玻璃体视网膜病变。术后视力>0.3者63例,≤0.3者43例。视力≤0.3的主要原因是术后黄斑功能异常(13例)、黄斑前膜(8例)、黄斑水肿(3例)和视神经萎缩(3例)。结论PRD玻璃体切割术后视网膜再脱离的原因主要是新裂孔出现和增生性玻璃体视网膜病变,而视力差的主要原因是术后黄斑功能异常、黄斑前膜、黄斑水肿和视神经萎缩。