白内障摘除联合玻璃体切除内界膜剥除术治疗非黄斑裂孔超高度近视性黄斑劈裂

目的:评价白内障摘除联合玻璃体切除内界膜剥除术治疗非黄斑裂孔超高度近视性黄斑劈裂的疗效.方法:回顾性分析.选取我院收治的非黄斑裂孔超高度近视性黄斑劈裂患者32例32眼,屈光度为-12.00~-20.00(平均-15.78±2.16)D.平均最佳矫正视力(LogMAR) 4.1±0.4.所有患者均行白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合玻璃体切除内界膜剥除术,内界膜采用吲哚菁绿染色并顺利剥除,术毕进行气体填充.术后随访1~9(平均4.5)mo,观察术后视力及黄斑劈裂愈合效果.结果:共30例30眼(94%)患者劈裂腔消失,视力较术前提高,视物变形改善.手术前后最佳矫正视力比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=-7.91,P<0.05).结论:白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合玻璃体切除内界膜剥除术是治疗非黄斑裂孔超高度近视性黄斑劈裂安全有效的手术方法,可有效保存视功能,不同程度提高患者的视力.     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂的疗效及与视觉相关生存质量的评估

目的评估玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术对高度近视黄斑劈裂的疗效,并比较术前、术后与视觉相关生存质量的变化。方法研究设计为非对照病例观察研究。采用闭合式经睫状体平坦部三切口玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂患者19例20眼。术前及术后6个月对黄斑区视网膜进行光学相干断层扫描（OCT）检查,记录黄斑中心凹最小厚度和黄斑区90°方位视网膜劈裂处的最大厚度。术后6个月检查双眼最佳矫正视力（BCVA）并与术前进行比较;应用视力相关生存质量量表-25（VFQ-25）对与视觉相关生存质量进行评价,并与术前进行比较。结果术后随访超过6个月,手术眼黄斑中心凹厚度和黄斑区视网膜平均最大厚度分别从术前的（360.7±183.7）μm、（483.0±138.3）μm减小到术后的（180.2±75.2）μm、（328.1±82.2）μm,差异均有统计学意义（u=-3.211,P=0.001;u=-3.472,P=0.001）。术后BCVA提高2行以上者14眼（70%）。术后LogMAR视力平均值为0.59±0.46,明显好于术前的0.87±0.61,差异有统计学意义（u=-2.223,P=0.026）。患者VFQ-25评估统计表明,术后患者的总体视力、近距离活动、远距离活动、社会功能、精神健康、依赖程度、周边视力（视野）这7项维评分以及VFQ-25总分与术前相比明显改善,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;而术后整体健康、眼痛、社会角色限制、驾车、色觉这5项维评分与术前相比差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后8例（42.1%）患者视力较好眼为手术眼。结论玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂安全、有效,手术治疗可明显改善患者的与视觉相关生存质量。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除和空气填充治疗特发性黄斑裂孔

观察玻璃体切割手术联合内界膜剥除和空气填充治疗特发性全层黄斑裂孔（IMH）的疗效。方法：回顾性系列病例研究。收集2017年1月至2018年1月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院杭州院区确诊并行玻璃体切割术治疗的连续IMH患者32例（32眼），年龄47～78（60.7±12.2）岁，其中男9例，女23例。术中均采用消毒空气进行眼内填充。根据术后早期首次光学相干断层扫描（OCT）提示裂孔是否闭合分为闭合组和未闭合组，对2组患者术前、术后的最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、裂孔直径等采用秩和检验及独立样本t检验进行比较；2组患者裂孔闭合率及外界膜和光感受器连续性比较采用卡方检验。结果：术后末次随访时所有患者LogMAR BCVA为0.40（0.30，0.73），较术前[0.80（0.70，1.00）] 明显提高（Z=-3.439，P<0.001）。术后早期OCT扫描显示24例黄斑裂孔闭合，8例黄斑裂孔未闭合，予再次玻璃体腔空气填充治疗，术后1个月及术后末次随访所有患者黄斑裂孔均闭合。术后1个月 OCT扫描外界膜（ELM）连续的患者有16例，无一例椭圆体层（EZ）连续；末次随访时18例患者ELM 连续，6例EZ连续。未闭合组术前黄斑裂孔直径为（532±104）μm，明显大于闭合组黄斑裂孔直径 [（352±180）μm]（t=-2.656，P=0.013）。闭合组术后1个月ELM均存在连续性，末次随访ELM和EZ 连续性均高于未闭合组，2组差异具有显著的统计学意义（χ2 =4.23，P=0.040；χ2 =3.89，P=0.048）。结论：玻璃体切割联合ILM剥除和空气填充治疗IMH具有较好的疗效，对于大于400 μm的裂孔部分患者需要再次玻璃体腔空气填充治疗。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂患者的临床研究

目的　观察玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂的临床效果。方法　选择2016年1月至2017年5月在我院诊断为高度近视黄斑劈裂者23例（30眼），所有患者均行23G玻璃体切割术，吲哚菁绿染色后剥除黄斑区内界膜2～3 PD。术后随访6个月，比较术前与术后最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度、黄斑区视网膜劈裂的最高值（MxFT）、b波振幅及黄斑区最小及最大视网膜厚度，评估手术效果。结果　23例（30眼）均顺利完成手术。术后6个月，30眼最佳矫正视力均较术前明显提高，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.006）。术后6个月患眼眼轴长度明显短于术前，差异有统计学意义（P=0.033）。与术前MxFT相比，术后6个月MxFT明显降低，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.001），其中6眼（20.0％）基本恢复正常。术后6个月患眼b波振幅高于术前，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.040），其中24眼（80.0％）较术前显著提高，三维地形图中央峰逐步恢复，位于旁中心凹区域的不规则低反应区变少或消失。与术前相比，术后6个月黄斑中心区最小、最大视网膜厚度均明显减小（均为P<0.05）。末次随访时，VFQ-25评分高于术前，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.021）。结论　玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术可显著提高高度近视黄斑劈裂患者视力及改善视物变形。     

玻璃体手术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔的临床观察

目的:观察玻璃体切割、内界膜剥除联合玻璃体腔气体填充治疗特发性黄斑裂孔的手术疗效及影响因素。方法:对特发性黄斑裂孔患者22例23眼的临床资料进行回顾分析。患眼术前术后除常规检查外最后由光学相干断层扫描(OCT)确诊及测量黄斑裂孔形态。所有患眼均行玻璃体切割、内界膜剥除联合玻璃体腔气体(空气或惰性气体)填充术。观察患者术后视力和黄斑裂孔闭合率及手术并发症的发生情况。用SPSS 13.0统计软件分析患者年龄、病程、术前最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑裂孔直径、玻璃体腔填充气体种类与术后BCVA和黄斑裂孔闭合率的相关性。结果:术后OCT检查结果显示患者黄斑裂孔闭合率100%。其中术中使用空气进行玻璃体腔填充的14眼,一期黄斑裂孔闭合11眼(79%);术中使用惰性气体(100mL/L C3F8)进行玻璃体腔填充的9眼,一期黄斑裂孔全部闭合,闭合率100%,二者比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.1214,P>0.05)。术后平均矫正视力0.23±0.12,与术前平均矫正视力0.11±0.05相比较,差异有统计学意义(t=4.023,P<0.05)。术后视力提高者术前黄斑裂孔直径小于术后视力不提高者,差异有统计学意义(t=3.92,P<0.05)。术后BCVA与患者年龄(r=-0.415,P=0.256)、病程(r=0.193,P=0.498)、术前BCVA(r=0.152,P=0.673)无相关性。结论:玻璃体切割、内界膜剥除联合玻璃体腔气体填充术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔疗效确切;黄斑裂孔直径是影响特发性黄斑裂孔术后闭合和视力预后的主要因素;而术前视力、年龄、病程对特发性黄斑裂孔术后闭合和视力预后的影响无相关性。     

23G玻璃体切除术治疗特发性黄斑前膜后视力与黄斑区结构变化的关系

目的 评估23G玻璃体切除联合黄斑前膜剥离术治疗特发性黄斑前膜后视力与黄斑区结构变化的关系。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 2015年至2017年在武汉大学人民医院接受23G玻璃体切除联合黄斑前膜剥离的特发性黄斑前膜患者78例（82眼）。方法 根据患者术前OCT的黄斑形态，分为以下四组：中心凹结构基本正常组（24眼）、黄斑区弥漫性水肿组（39眼）、黄斑区囊样水肿组（9眼）、黄斑裂孔组（10眼）。观察并记录患者的临床特征、手术方式，手术前、术后7天的最佳矫正视力（LogMar）、黄斑区中心凹厚度、旁中心凹区厚度、中心凹周厚度及术后并发症。并随防至术后1个月。主要指标 最佳矫正视力、黄斑区中心凹厚度、旁中心凹区厚度、中心凹周厚度。结果 特发性黄斑前膜患者在行玻璃体切除手术后7天，最佳矫正视力由术前0.26±0.16提高到0.36±0.16（P=0.000），黄斑区中心凹厚度由术前（506.41±112.67）μm降低到（442.39±82.10）μm（P=0.000），旁中心凹厚度由术前（453.66±79.36）μm 恢复至（409.95±61.63）μm（P=0.000），中心凹周厚度从（365.93±50.84）μm降低至（356.76±54.20）μm（P=0.092）；四组患者术后的最佳矫正视力均明显提高（P均<0.05），其中中心凹结构基本正常组患者术后视力的提高较其它组更佳（F=3.118, P=0.031）。与术后7天相比，术后1个月的黄斑区厚度降低，但视力变化不显著。术后BCVA与术前BCVA（r=0.850，P=0.000）、术前中心凹厚度（r=0.7386，P=0.000）、旁中心凹区厚度（r=0.811，P=0.000）、中心凹周厚度（r=0.799，P=0.000）均呈正相关；与术后中心凹厚度（r＝-0.335，P＝0.035）、旁中心凹区（r＝-0.376，P＝0.017）具有明显相关性，但与中心凹周厚度（r＝-0.310，P＝0.052）无明显相关性。结论 23G玻璃体切除手术剥除黄斑前膜可显著提高患者的视功能，同时改善黄斑区结构。术后中心凹厚度变化与视力恢复程度有关，且术后1周的变化即可决定预后；术前黄斑结构正常者视力预后较好。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视继发黄斑劈裂的观察

目的：探讨和评价玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除治疗高度近视继发黄斑劈裂的疗效和安全性。
　　方法：将2011-03/2013-03高度近视继发黄斑劈裂患者30例30眼随机分为治疗组(16眼)和对照组(14眼),治疗组给予玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除,对照组给予玻璃体切割但未联合内界膜剥除,观察术后2 mo视网膜复位率、视力提高率。
　　结果：治疗组视网膜复位率、视力提高率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。
　　结论：玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除是治疗高度近视继发黄斑劈裂的有效手段。     

25G玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除及空气填充治疗特发性黄斑裂孔疗效评估

目的 探讨25G玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除及空气填充治疗特发性黄斑裂孔的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2014年5月至2016年8月在丽水市人民医院眼科行25G玻璃体切割术的黄斑裂孔患者28例28只眼的临床资料,所有患者行25G玻璃体切割,在0.25 mg/ml亮蓝染色下剥除内界膜,玻璃体腔内消毒空气填充.术后主要观察手术时间、最佳矫正视力、眼压、裂孔闭合情况及手术并发症.术后随访3～24个月,平均（12.23.6）个月.结果 总手术时间为22～40 min,平均28 min,28只眼内界膜均顺利剥除,28例患者黄斑裂孔均闭合（100％）,21例患者术后视力较术前均有提高（75％）,无视力下降患者,平均视力为0.650.194,与术前相比显著提高（t=13.768,P=0.000）.术后1周平均眼压为（15.33.7） mmHg,与术前水平相近.8只眼剥除IMH时视网膜表面少量细小点状出血,4只眼术后随访期间发生核性白内障,3只眼发生一过性高眼压.所有病例在随访期内无其它严重并发症发生.结论 25G玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除及空气填充治疗特发性黄斑裂孔,能促进裂孔愈合,提高术后视力,缩短手术时间,减少并发症,是一种安全有效的微创手术方法.     

保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥除术联合空气填充治疗中等直径特发性黄斑裂孔

目的　观察保留黄斑中心凹内界膜剥除术联合空气填充治疗直径为250~400 μm的特发性黄斑裂孔（idiopathic macular hole，IMH）临床疗效。方法　收集2014年1月至2016年1月确诊为Ⅳ期IMH经光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography，OCT)测量裂孔最小直径为250~400 μm的患者45例45眼，随机分为常规内界膜剥除组（常规组）22眼及保留中心凹内界膜剥除组（保留组）23眼。所有患者均行23G玻璃体切割术，常规组剥除后极部包括黄斑区内界膜至血管弓，保留组则保留以黄斑中心凹为圆心300~400 μm直径的内界膜，全气-液交换后无菌空气填充。手术后随访时间为（21.52±5.68）个月，观察术后两组黄斑裂孔闭合及最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity，BCVA）情况。结果　常规组与保留组患者术前黄斑裂孔直径分别为（337.77±34.54）μm和（324.87±31.95）μm；黄斑裂孔指数分别为0.53±0.09和0.51±0.08，BCVA LogMAR分别为0.95±0.20、1.30±0.26，两组间比较，差异均无统计学意义（均为P>0.05）。末次随访时，常规组与保留组黄斑裂孔闭合率分别为95.45%和100.00%，差异无统计学意义（P=0.489）。常规组、保留组患眼BCVA LogMAR分别为0.72±0.15、0.49±0.11，均低于术前，差异均有统计学意义（均为P<0.05）；保留组患眼BCVA LogMAR低于常规组，差异有统计学意义（t=-5.849，P<0.001）。结论　常规内界膜剥除术与保留黄斑中心凹的内界膜剥除联合空气填充对于治疗直径为250~400 μm Ⅳ期IMH成功率较高，行保留黄斑中心凹内界膜的剥除术患者术后视力改善情况要好于常规内界膜剥除术。     

早期高度近视性黄斑劈裂行23G玻璃体切割联合内界膜撕除手术

目的：观察和评价23 G玻璃体切割联合内界膜撕除术治疗早期高度近视性黄斑劈裂的有效性和安全性,并探讨更适宜的手术方式。
　　方法：收集2013-01/2014-06我院高度近视性黄斑劈裂患者29例29眼随机分为试验组(15眼)和对照组(14眼),试验组给予23 G玻璃体切割联合内界膜撕除+玻璃体腔内注气治疗,对照组给予23 G玻璃体切割联合内界膜撕除治疗,术后随访视网膜复位率和最佳矫正视力提高率。
　　结果：两组术后视网膜复位率及最佳矫正视力均较术前有显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)
　　结论：23 G玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除是治疗早期高度近视性黄斑劈裂的有效手段。     

Vitrectomy and gas tamponade without internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic foveoschisis

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and anatomical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy and gas tamponade without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in symptomatic patients caused by myopic foveoschisis. METHODS: Nine eyes in eight highly myopic patients who had myopic foveoschisis with foveal detachment underwent vitrectomy without ILM peeling followed by gas tamponade. Main outcome measures include change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and changes in height of the foveal detachment and resolution of the myopic foveoschisis measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: After surgery, BCVA improved in eight eyes with the median BCVA improved from 20/80 to 20/50 (p=0.012). The mean line of visual improvement was 3.6 lines. OCT showed complete resolution of myopic foveoschisis with complete foveal reattachment in seven (77.8%) eyes with partial resolution in two (22.2%) eyes. The mean height of foveal detachment decreased from 505 mum preoperatively to 21 mum postoperatively (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy without ILM peeling followed by gas tamponade appeared to result in favourable visual and anatomical outcomes for treating myopic foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes. The results are comparable with studies in which ILM removal was performed. Further controlled study will be useful to determine the role of ILM peeling in these patients.     

Reoperation for persistent myopic foveoschisis after primary vitrectomy

PURPOSE: We performed vitrectomy on two eyes for persistent myopic foveoschisis (MF) after primary surgery that did not include internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. DESIGN: Interventional case reports. METHODS: Two highly myopic eyes of two patients with persistent MF after primary vitrectomy and gas tamponade but without ILM peeling were treated with pars plana vitrectomy, residual vitreous cortex removal, ILM peeling, and long-term gas tamponade. RESULTS: Total foveal reattachment was achieved and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved in both eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Reoperation including complete vitreous cortex removal and ILM peeling could be beneficial for patients with persistent MF after primary surgery, indicating that vitreous cortex removal and ILM peeling are critical in treating MF.     

Vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic foveoschisis

PURPOSE: Myopic foveoschisis is common in high myopia. We report results of a pilot study of vitrectomy for patients with myopic foveoschisis. DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: In an institutional setting five patients with high myopia (six eyes), and who had progressive visual impairment presumably due to myopic foveoschisis were studied. No eyes had a macular hole preoperatively based on optical coherence tomography (OCT). We performed vitrectomy including vitreous cortex removal, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and gas tamponade. Patients were followed for at least 6 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), OCT. Scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) microperimetry was examined in three eyes. RESULTS: The foveal detachment resolved completely in five eyes and partially in one eye. No serious complications developed including macular hole formation or retinal detachment; BCVA improved more than two lines in all eyes (100%) 6 months postoperatively (P <.01); SLO microperimetry showed smaller scotoma compared with preoperatively and stabilized fixation. CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy with vitreous cortex removal, ILM peeling, and gas tamponade could be useful to treat myopic foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes. Because the natural course of the disease is not well-understood, further study should establish indications for this surgery.     

非内界膜剥离的玻璃体切除术联合长效气体填充治疗病理性近视继发黄斑劈裂

目的 探讨非内界膜剥离的玻璃体切除术联合长效气体填充治疗病理性近视继发黄斑劈裂的临床疗效.方法 前瞻性临床研究.对49例(52只眼)病理性近视继发黄斑劈裂患者采用随机数字表法分组,非注气组(接受非内界膜剥离的玻璃体切除术)22例(24只眼);注气组(接受非内界膜剥离的玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔内长效气体填充)15例(16只眼);对照组(非手术组,接受定期随访观察治疗)12例(12只眼).分别比较各组患者首次诊疗及术后第3、6、9个月的最佳矫正视力及光相干断层扫描(OCT)显示的视网膜劈裂高度变化.3组间不同随访时段的最佳矫正视力、黄斑中心凹厚度、黄斑区视网膜劈裂高度的比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验,组内手术前后上述3个指标的比较采用配对符号秩和检验.结果 患者术后随访9个月,最佳矫正logMAR视力(四分位数间距)中位数(Q1,Q3):非注气组为0.5(0.3,0.8),较术前的0.7(0.4,1.1)有明显改善(t=2.57,P<0.05);注气组为0.5(0.3,0.7),较术前的0.8(0.5,1.0)有显著改善(t=3.58,P＜0.05);对照组为0.5(0.3,1.3),与术前的0.4(0.1,0.6)比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.84,P>0.05);术后3组间最佳矫正视力比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2 =0.24,P>0.05).术后9个月OCT检测:非注气组和注气组患者平均视网膜劈裂高度均较术前显著下降.术后9个月视网膜完全复位率:对照组0.0%(0/12)、非注气组66.7%(16/24)、注气组81.3%(13/16),组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.50,P＜0.05),表明非内界膜剥离的玻璃体切除术可显著促进病理性近视继发黄斑劈裂的视网膜复位.并发症:对照组中有2只眼分别在随访的6个月和8个月出现黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离,另10只眼随观察时间延长视网膜劈裂高度逐渐增加;非注气组术后未见明显并发症;注气组3只眼出现一过性眼压增高,经药物治疗后2周眼压控制平稳,1只眼术后2个月出现黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离,经再次手术和玻璃体腔注油后视网膜复位.结论 非内界膜剥离的玻璃体切除术是治疗病理性近视继发黄斑劈裂的安全有效术式,术中联合玻璃体腔内长效气体填充可提高手术的成功率.(中华眼科杂志,2011,47:497-503)

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling associated with gas tamponade in eyes with myopic foveoschisis. Methods A prospective study was conducted, in which 49 pathological myopia patients (52 eyes) with myopic foveoschisis were enrolled and divided into three groups according to the different therapeutic procedures: 22 patients (24 eyes) underwent vitrectomy without internal limiting membrane (non-gas tamponade group), 15 patients (16 eyes) received vitrectomy without internal limiting membrane peeling but combined with gas tamponade (gas tamponade group) and 12 patients (12 eyes) did not receive surgical treatments (control group) . SAS 9.13 was used for the statistic analysis.Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) findings of the foveal thickness before and after the operation (the 3rd, 6th, and 9th month postoperatively) were obtained and compared by the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test. Non-parameters Wilcoxon symbols test was used to compare the BCVA,the central foveal thickness (CFT) and maximum foveal thickness (MxFT) of each group before and after the surgery.Results Postoperative visual acuity was significantly increased in the two operation groups (t=2.57,P<0.05;t=3.58,P<0.05) but not increased in the control group (t=1.84;P>0.05). The difference of BCVA between these three groups was not significant (χ2 =0.24,P>0.05). OCT showed the mean foveal thickness was significantly decreased postoperatively. Vitrectomy without peeling of the ILM significantly promoted the retinal reattachment in eyes with myopic foveoschisis. No retinal reattachments was found in the control group while 16 and 13 retinal reattachments were found in the non-gas tamponade (66.7%) and gas tamponade group (81.3%), the difference between these two operation groups and the control was statistically significant (χ2=20.50, P<0.05). During the follow-up, two eyes in the control group developed a macular hole and both developed retinal detachment (RD) in the 6 and 8 month, respectively . The remaining 10 eyes did not develop any complications, although the thickness of the macula increased significantly. A transient increase of intraocular pressure occurred in three eyes and had been cured by medications within 2 weeks after gas tamponaded. A macular hole was recognized in one eye 2 months after surgery and the retina was reattached at the fovea 1 month after reoperation. Conclusions Vitrectomy without ILM peeling could be a safe and effective surgical approach for the treatment of foveoschisis in pathologic myopia. In addition, gas tamponade can improve the success rate of the operation.     

Long-term outcome of highly myopic foveoschisis treated by vitrectomy with or without gas tamponade

AIM: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with or without gas tamponade for highly myopic foveoschisis. METHODS: We performed an open-label, observer-blinded clinical trial of 85 patients with myopic foveoschisis between 2000 and 2012. Patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, those who received vitrectomy and ILM peeling without gas tamponade (no-gas group) or those who with gas tamponade (gas group) and follow up at least 5y. RESULTS: Visual acuity of gas group improved from 0.82±0.33 to 0.79±0.73 in 6mo, improved to 0.71±0.67 in 1y and within this range in the following 4y. Visual acuity of no-gas group improved from 0.81±0.46 to 0.78±0.66 in 6mo, improved to 0.70±0.65 in 1y. The finial visual acuity of two groups were significantly increased compared with the baseline (P<0.05). The visual acuity was improved in 35 of 40 eyes (87.5%) in gas group and 29 of 33 eyes (87.9%) in no-gas group, while there were no significant differences between gas group and no-gas group in the visual acuity. The foveoschisis on optical coherence tomography (OCT) completely resolved in 5 of 40 eyes in 1mo, 14 eyes in 6mo and 40 eyes in 1y in the gas group. While the foveoschisis completely resolved in 4 of 33 eyes in 1mo, 10 eyes in 6mo and 33 eyes in 1y in the no-gas group. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy and ILM peeling without gas tamponade appears to be as effective in the treatment of myopic foveoschisis as vitrectomy and ILM with gas tamponade. However, eyes treated with no-gas tamponade showed more rapid resolution of myopic foveoschisis.     

Surgical management of retinal detachment resulting from macular hole in a setting of high myopia

 PURPOSE:To evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and use of retinal tamponade for retinal detachments resulting from macular hole (MHRD) in highly myopic eyes. METHODS: Twenty-nine highly myopic patients (29 eyes) underwent PPV with ILM peeling and retinal tamponade for MHRD were enrolled. Demographics and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured preoperatively and at final follow-up. Anatomical success and macular hole closure were analyzed. RESULTS:Patients' mean age of patients was 58.7 ± 10.6 years, mean follow-up was 11.7 ± 7.4 months. Twenty three eyes (23/26, 88.5%) undergoing primary PPV combined with ILM peeling had successful initial retinal reattachment, including 19 eyes (19/19, 100%) with silicone oil tamponade and in 4 eyes (4/7, 57.1%) with sulfur hexafluoride (C3F8) tamponade. Overall anatomical success was achieved in 27 eyes (27/29, 93.1%). The macular hole closure was observed in 17 eyes (17/26, 65.4%) with final anatomical success. Compared to preoperative BCVA, the mean postoperative BCVA in the eyes with anatomical success was significantly improved (P = 0.007, Wilcoxon signed rank test). CONCLUSION:As a primary or secondary procedure, PPV combined with ILM peeling and usage of retinal tamponade serves as an effective method for MHRD in highly myopic eyes.     

Vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling without gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis

Purpose

To evaluate the efficacy of vitrectomy including internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling without gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis (MF).

Method

In this retrospective study, 15 eyes of 13 consecutive patients with MF underwent pars plana vitrectomy and ILM peeling without gas tamponade. The main outcomes were measured using best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Result

The mean refractive error was ?11.0?±?8.2 diopters and mean axial length was 30.8?±?2.6?mm. The mean BCVA increased from 0.78?±?0.53 to 0.61?±?0.75 logMAR unit (p?=?0.05), and the mean CMT decreased from 405?±?143?μm to 255?±?47?μm (p?=?0.002) during a follow-up of 11.8?months. OCT showed a complete resolution of the MF, with foveal reattachment in all eyes. Full-thickness macular hole developed in two eyes during follow-up.

Conclusion

ILM peeling without gas tamponade results in favorable anatomical and visual outcomes.     

高度近视黄斑劈裂玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥离

目的探讨23G玻璃体切除术联合内界膜剥离和全氟丙烷（c,F。）填充治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂的效果。方法25例（28只眼）高度近视黄斑劈裂23G玻璃体切除和C,F。填充术,分为A组13例（15只眼）剥离内界膜组,B组12例（13只眼）未剥离内界膜组。术后随访6～11个月。观察术前及术后1、3、6个月最佳矫正视力（BCVA）以及黄斑中心凹厚度。结果术后1、3、6个月两组13CVA均较术前提高（A组t=-6．167,-10．724,-9．510,B组t=-7．426,-7．754,-9．381,P〈0．05）,差异有统计学意义,术后1、3、6个月两组间BCVA比较（t=0．239,P=0．813;t=-0．408,P=0．686;t=-759,P=0．455）,差异无统计学意义。OCT显示术后1、3、6个月两组黄斑中心凹厚度均较术前下降（P〈0．05）,差异有统计学意义;术后3、6个月两组间黄斑中心凹厚度比较,A组下降较B组明显,（t=-2．998,P=0．006,t=-3．800,P=0．001）,差异有统计学意义。随访中,A组1眼术后1个月发现黄斑孔视网膜脱离。结论23G玻璃体切除术联合或不联合剥离内界膜全氟丙烷填充治疗高度近视黄斑劈裂都是安全、有效的,剥离内界膜有助于劈裂的复位,同时也增加了黄斑孔风险。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术治疗IMEM不同眼内填充物的临床观察

目的:探讨玻璃体切割联合视网膜内界膜剥离手术治疗特发性黄斑前膜(idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane,IMEM)术不同眼内填充物术后疗效及并发症的观察。方法:回顾性分析特发性黄斑前膜患者44例44眼。患者随机分成A、B两组,其中A组20例;B组24例,两组患者均行玻璃体切割联合视网膜内界膜剥离手术,A组玻璃体腔内行平衡盐溶液(BSS)填充,B组行气体填充(13眼填充滤过空气,11眼填充100mL/LC3F8),术后随访12～16(平均13)mo。术前、术后1,3,6,12mo检查最佳矫正视力(BCVA),光学相干断层扫描(OCT)测量黄斑中心凹厚度(CFT),术后1,7d;1,3mo行眼压(IOP)检查,对比观察手术前后视力,间接检眼镜,CFT,IOP检查结果。结果:末次随访时两组患眼BCVA较术前显著提高,提高0.2logMAR及以上者29眼(66%)。两组间logMARBCVA的差异手术前(0.53±0.18vs0.52±0.14)及末次随访时(0.31±0.14vs0.28±0.09)均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时A、B组患眼CFT较术前明显降低,从407.82±97.00μm下降到285.25±70.07μm(Z=4.29,P<0.05)。两组间CFT的差异术前(409.45±108.40μmvs406.46±88.76μm)及末次随访时(287.60±66.94μmvs283.29±73.95μm)均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1d,A组眼压(14.25±3.06mmHg)低于B组(17.71±3.20mmHg),差异有统计学意义(Z=3.12,P<0.05),但两组眼压均值均未超过正常范围(10～21mmHg)。术前、术后7d;1,3mo两组间眼压差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组患者术后无需俯卧位,B组患者填充滤过空气者术后俯卧位1～3d,填充100mL/LC3F8者俯卧位至少7d。结论:玻璃体切割联合视网膜内界膜剥离手术治疗特发性黄斑前膜手术末填充BSS或气体均能显著提高视力、降低黄斑中心凹厚度,两者的临床疗效无显著差异,但填充BSS可避免术后俯卧位,减轻患者术后身体及精神负担,同时手术更加快捷、安全。