胰十二指肠切除术胰管空肠吻合预防胰瘘

胰十二指肠切除术胰管空肠吻合预防胰瘘黄建富主任医师沈娟，黄长玉，殷风峙福建医学院附属协和医院肝胆外科（３５０００１）胰十二指肠切除术（Ｗｈｉｐｐｌｅ＇ｓ术）是迄今外科治疗胰头癌、总胆管下段癌、壶腹癌、十二指肠癌公认而有效的手术方法。其手术死亡率高达１...     

胰管栓塞对胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除术后患者预后影响

胰管栓塞术治疗预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生取得满意效果。追踪随访27例胰管栓塞、胰十二指肠切除术后患者生存状况时发现胰管栓塞术有效解决了胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的同题,而且降低了患者晚期疼痛及黄疸的出现率。同时又发现肿瘤复发时间延后,三年内癌肿复发率低于传统手术方式。     

胰管栓塞对胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除术后患者预后影响

胰管栓塞术治疗预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生取得满意效果。追踪随访27例胰管栓塞,胰十二指肠切除术后患者生存状况时发现;胰管栓塞术有效解决了胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的问题,而且降低了患者晚期疼痛及黄疸的出现率,同时又发现肿瘤复发时间延后。三年内癌肿复发率低于传统手术方式。     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的原因及临床分析

目的 分析胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的原因及预防经验。方法 回顾分析1994～2003年行胰十二指肠切除术的63例患者的临床资料，对影响胰瘘发生的因素和采取的治疗方法进行总结。结果 胰瘘与吻合技术有关，胰瘘的发生与残胰断面的处理以及胰实质的坚硬度、胰管的直径有关；胰管内支撑引流可预防PD术后胰瘘。结论 胰管内支撑引流和良好的胰切面血供是预防PD术后胰瘘的关键。     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的防治

目的探讨胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的预防及治疗措施.方法回顾分析我院183例胰十二指肠切除术,按年份将本组资料分为前6年和后4年两组,其中后组改进了术式,提高了综合治疗手段.结果后组的胰瘘发生率及死亡率较前组明显降低(P＜0.01).结论充分的术前准备、熟练的手技、优选良好的术式、术后密切监护能降低胰瘘的发生率和死亡率.     

胰肠吻合方式对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响

目的:探讨胰肠吻合方式对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响。方法:回顾性分析2008年10月至2013年8 月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的145 例术前诊断为壶腹周围肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料。对影响术后胰瘘发生的相关因素进行统计分析。结果:本组患者中27例术后发生胰瘘。在4 种胰肠吻合方式中，胰管空肠黏膜吻合和Blumgart 吻合的胰瘘发生率低，且皆无C 级胰瘘。多因素分析应用Logistic回归，结果表明不同的胰肠吻合方式及性别为术后胰瘘发生的独立预后因素。结论:胰肠吻合方式是影响胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生的危险因素。      

胰十二指肠切除术中胰管结扎预防胰瘘的临床研究

目的 :研究胰十二指肠切除术后胰管暂时性结扎对胰瘘的预防作用。方法 :对山东省肿瘤医院1989年 5月 - 2 0 0 2年 10月因壶腹周围肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术的 2 30例患者 ,比较胰管结扎组 (A组 )和胰管不结扎组 (B组 )胰瘘的发生情况。结果 :胰管A组 16 0例患者发生胰瘘 4例 ,发生率为 2 5 % ;B组7例出现胰瘘 ,发生率为 10 % ,两组差异有显著意义 ,P <0 0 5。结论 :行胰十二指肠切除术时胰管暂时性结扎手术操作简单 ,预防胰瘘效果可靠 ,是胰十二指肠切除术胰管较可靠的处理方式     

胰十二指肠切除术后早期并发症的防治

目的探讨胰十二指肠切除术后早期并发症的预防和治疗措施。方法回顾分析1989年1月至2008年12月间行胰十二指肠切除术的65例临床资料,分析术后早期并发症的发生原因。结果65例均行手术治疗。术后共发生早期并发症14例,其中胰瘘8例（发生率12．3％）,7例经腹腔持续低压吸引和全身营养支持后痊愈,另1例死亡;胆瘘1例;消化道出血3例,1例死亡;腹腔感染2例。结论胰十二指肠切除术手术难度高,重视术前术中有关因素是减少并发症和病死率的关键。     

胰胃吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床作用

目的　探讨采用胰胃吻合的方式行胰十二指肠切除术中胰瘘的发生率。方法　回顾性总结了采用胰胃吻合方式重建消化道的 5 8例因胰腺疾病而行胰十二指肠切除术的病例。结果　 5 8例病人中发生胰瘘 1例 ,发生率 1 7%。术后测胃液中的淀粉酶最低值为 860U/L ,大便常规未见脂肪滴及未经消化的动物肌纤维 ,血糖在 4 5～ 6 7mmol/L ,说明胰腺内外分泌功能正常。术后 5～ 7天 ,如测腹腔引流液中淀粉酶含量超过 15 0 0U/L时 ,有助于早期诊断胰瘘的发生。结论　胰胃吻合简单易行 ,能明显降低胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生率     

胰胃吻合术的临床应用体会

目的 研究胰胃吻合术的术式合理性及预防术后胰瘘的作用.方法 对1997年3月至2008年8月间,25例接受胰十二指肠切除胰胃吻合术的患者资料进行回顾分析.结果 本组患者无围手术期死亡,术后无胰瘘、胆瘘、消化道出血等严重并发症发生,仅1例发生术后胃排空障碍,经保守治疗后痊愈.结论 在胰十二指肠切除后消化道重建的众多方法中,胰胃吻合术能够有效预防胰瘘的发生,是一种简便、安全的手术方式.     

恶性肿瘤病人胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘及胆瘘的防治

目的 总结恶性肿瘤病人胰十二指肠切除术（PD）主要并发症胰瘘、胆瘘的初步处理经验和体会，并探讨其防治措施。方法 对1998年1月至2003年1月间的20例PD术后并发胰瘘、胆瘘病例进行回顾性分析。结果 全组病例手术均获得成功。术后并发胰瘘2例，死亡1例；并发胆瘘2例，死亡1例；另1例死于肝肾综合症，余17例治愈出院。远期效果在进一步随访中。结论 术后并发胰瘘应以内科治疗为主，通过减少胰液的分泌，并且保持局部引流的通畅，多数胰瘘可治愈。术后并发胆漏，通过保持支架管及局部引流通畅，多可治愈，出现肝汁性腹膜炎时应考虑手术处理。     

改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的:比较在胰十二指肠切除术(PD)中,改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合两种胰肠吻合方式术后胰瘘等相关并发症的发生率.方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年12月盛京医院胰腺内分泌外科实施的59例PD手术患者的临床资料,其中采用改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合35例,采用胰管空肠黏膜吻合24例,比较两组术后胰瘘等相关并发症的发生率.结果:比较改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合两种胰肠吻合方式,发现手术时间和术中出血比较无统计学差异;术后胰瘘等相关并发症指标、住院时间、死亡率等无统计学差异.结论:改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合相比,同样安全可靠,具有操作方便,易于掌握,胰肠吻合严密牢固的优点,尤其适用于胰管直径小的病人,值得临床应用.     

A case of refractory pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy treated successfully by intestinal decompression catheter insertion to jejunum under local anesthesia

The case was an 80-year-old woman with inferior bile duct cancer. The patient had undergone subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with end-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy. Postoperative pancreatic fistula was observed in a short period and was treated by somatostatin analog administration and abscess drainage. Despite these conservative therapies, pancreatic fistula resulted in abdominal bleeding from the branch of dorsal pancreatic artery, which stopped by emergent transcatheter arterial embolization. Because pancreatic fistula had become refractory, the intestinal decompression catheter insertion was performed under local anesthesia to the jejunum located directly below abdominal wall. After this surgery, pancreatic fistula was resolved over a few weeks. This technique could be safely performed and avoided the injury of drainage fistula, and was considered to be an option for treating refractory pancreatic fistula.     

鼻肠营养管在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用价值

目的　探讨鼻肠营养管在胰十二指肠切除术中的治疗价值。方法　术中经吻合口将营养管下端送至胃肠吻合口下方的输出段空肠内 ,用于术后肠内营养。结果　 18例壶腹周围癌病人除 1例发生小的胆瘘外 ,其余均无并发症发生。结论　胰十二脂肠切除术中置入鼻肠营养管用以术后禁食期间的肠内营养 ,能够提高病人的自身抗病能力 ,有效防止细菌易位 ,预防和减少了胆瘘、胰瘘的发生。     

残胰直接套入空肠吻合技术在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床应用研究

目的:总结和探讨胰十二指肠切除术后空肠非去黏膜化的胰- 肠直接套入吻合方法,并观察其术后发生胰瘘及对与该手术方式有关的并发症等资料进行分析。方法:2005年3 月至2009年6 月中山大学附属东华医院行胰十二指肠切除术21例,残胰游离3.0cm,距离残胰断端2.5～3.0cm行空肠全层与部分胰腺后壁组织间断缝合,将残胰套入空肠2.5～3.0cm,再按后壁缝合方法缝合前壁,在距离残胰断端1cm处用7 号丝线环绕空肠将残胰予以捆扎。结果:除1 例出现因残胰断端出血再次手术进行缝合止血外,全组患者术后恢复顺利,无1 例发生胰瘘或出现其他并发症。结论:胰腺质地和胰- 肠吻合方式虽是胰瘘并发症的主要因素,但也与手术者胰- 肠吻合操作技巧或熟练程度、围手术期的管理或治疗措施有关。采用残胰直接套入非去空肠黏膜化的胰- 肠吻合方法与目前任何其他胰-肠吻合方法比较均较为简单,有待于进一步探讨、总结和研究。      

A resected case of non-invasive type of intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma penetrating to the duodenum

A 74-year-old man was admitted to a nearby clinic complaining of high fever. Abdominal CT showed a 10 mm diameter cystic mass in the head of pancreas and dilation of the pancreatic duct. Endoscopy revealed a fistula filled with mucin in the posterior wall of the duodenum. The patient was referred to our institution for a surgical resection. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed dilation of the pancreatic duct and also mural nodules in the pancreatic duct, ERP demonstrated a fistula from the pancreatic duct to the duodenum. Biopsied specimen from the papillary nodule in the pancreatic duct showed adenoma. We performed pancreaticoduodenectomy for main-duct IPMN penetrating to the duodenum. Pathological findings showed a non-invasive type of IPMC. Furthermore, a cancer invasion to the duodenum was not detected. These findings suggest that the increased pressure within the pancreatic duct caused a fistula to the duodenum.     

Isolated pancreatic metastasis of extremity myxoid liposarcoma: Report of a case

Myxoid liposarcoma (ML) has a high predilection for extrapulmonary sites of metastases, including intra-abdominal metastases, but pancreatic involvement is extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a 66-year-old male patient, who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for isolated pancreatic metastasis of ML of the left lower extremity that had been excised 6 years before. Completion pancreatectomy was necessitated afterwards for a delayed haemorrage associated with pancreatic fistula. Currently the patient is alive with no evidence of disease. Highly selected patients with isolated pancreatic metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma may benefit from a curative surgical resection.     

Wrapping double-mattress anastomosis for pancreaticojejunostomy in minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy can significantly reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula rate compared with conventional pancreaticojejunostomy in open surgery: An analysis of a propensity score-matched sample

BackgroundMinimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD), including laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) and robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD), is technically demanding because of pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ). Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most serious complication of MIPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD). Contrary to expectations, conventional PJ in MIPD did not improve POPF rate and length of hospital stay. High POPF rates are attributed to technical issues encountered during MIPD, which include motion restriction and insufficient water tightness. Therefore, we developed wrapping double-mattress anastomosis, the Kiguchi method, which is a novel PJ technique that can improve MIPD. Herein, we describe the Kiguchi method for PJ in MIPD and compare the outcomes between this technique and conventional PJ in OPD.MethodsThe current retrospective study included 83 patients in whom the complete obstruction of the main pancreatic duct by pancreatic tumors was absent on preoperative imaging. This research was performed from September 2016 to August 2020 at Fujita Health University Hospital. All patients were evaluated as having a soft pancreatic texture, which is the most important factor associated with POPF development. Briefly, 50 patients underwent OPD with conventional PJ (OPD group). Meanwhile, 33 patients, including 15 and 18 who had LPD and RPD, respectively, underwent MIPD using the Kiguchi method (MIPD group). After a 1:1 propensity score matching, 30 patients in the OPD group were matched to 30 patients in the MIPD group.ResultsThe patients’ preoperative data did not differ. The grade B/C POPF rate was significantly lower in the MIPD group than in the OPD group (6.7% vs 40.0%, p = 0.002). The MIPD group had a significantly shorter median length of hospital stay than the OPD group (24 vs 30 days, p = 0.004).ConclusionThe novel Kiguchi method in MIPD significantly reduced the POPF rate in patients without complete obstruction of the main pancreatic duct.