魔芋超细及纳米粉末的减肥特性研究

目的　考察魔芋超细及纳米粉末对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥作用。方法　用紫外可见分光光度法测定大鼠血液中的甘油三酯、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量 ,用分光光度法测定大鼠血糖值 ,通过测量体重变化及 L ee's系数考察魔芋超细及纳米粉末的减肥效果。结果　与魔芋精粉及魔芋多糖相比 ,魔芋超细及纳米粉末可明显降低营养性肥胖大鼠的体重和 L ee's系数 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,还可明显降低营养性肥胖大鼠血液中的甘油三酯、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　魔芋超细及纳米粉末具有比魔芋精粉及魔芋多糖更明显的减肥作用。     

葡萄籽精粉减肥降脂作用研究

目的 :建立大鼠肥胖高脂模型 ,观察葡萄籽精粉对肥胖、高血脂大鼠的减肥降脂作用 .方法 :选用SD雄性大鼠、喂饲肥胖高脂饲料、建立预防性肥胖高血脂模型 ,对葡萄籽精粉及复方葡萄籽精粉进行减肥降脂试验 .结果 :单纯的葡萄籽精粉减肥降脂作用不明显 ,复方葡萄籽精粉A具有显著降低肥胖高脂大鼠体重、增重、体内脂肪重、脂 /体比及血清甘油三脂 (TG)水平的作用 ,复方葡萄籽精粉B具有显著降低肥胖高脂大鼠血清胆固醇 (TC)水平的作用 .结论 :复方葡萄籽精粉具有减肥降脂作用 ,其机理有待深入研究 .     

魔芋中魔芋葡甘聚糖的提取纯化及其含量测定影响因素的分析

目的提取纯化魔芋精粉,并测定其多糖含量,以制得纯度高、质量好的魔芋葡甘聚糖。方法采用改进的乙醇-丙酮混合沉淀法提取纯化魔芋精粉,结合酸水解-显色法和紫外分光光度法测定魔芋葡甘聚糖的含量。考察显色时间、水解温度、3,5-二硝基水杨酸添加量等条件对魔芋葡甘聚糖含量测定的影响,建立最佳显色及含量测定方法。应用该方法,测定魔芋精粉和纯化后的魔芋精粉中魔芋葡甘聚糖的含量。结果纯化后的魔芋精粉中魔芋葡甘聚糖的含量高达90%以上。结论采用改进的乙醇-丙酮混合沉淀法可制得纯度高的魔芋葡甘聚糖。     

山楂、魔芋及其复合物对高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢及血浆NO水平的影响

目的观察山楂、魔芋及其复合物对高脂饲料诱导的高脂血症大鼠脂质代谢、血浆-氧化氮(NO)水平的影响,为通过营养干预防治高脂血症及心血管疾病提供实验依据.方法选择50只健康成年Wistar大鼠随机分为5组,分别饲以基础饲料、高脂饲料、高脂饲料补充山楂粉、高脂饲料补充魔芋精粉及高脂饲料补充山楂魔芋复合物.饲养8周后测定血中脂质及NO含量.结果山楂、魔芋及山楂魔芋复合物能显著降低高脂饲料诱导的大鼠血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的升高,同时显著升高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及血浆NO值.结论山楂、魔芋及山楂魔芋复合物具有明显的降血脂作用,同时升高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和NO.提示具有保护血管内皮细胞及防治心脑血管疾病的作用.且复合组降低极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及升高大鼠血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著优于山楂组.     

羊栖菜多糖及其络合物调节血脂功能的研究

目的：研究羊栖菜多糖及其络合物对血脂的调节功能。方法：以实验性高血脂模型大鼠为实验对象，设置羊栖菜多糖组和羊栖菜多糖络合物组，以及阳性药物对照组和空白对照组，检测实验后大鼠血中总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量。结果：羊栖菜多糖组和羊栖菜多糖络合物组均显著抑制高血脂模型大鼠血中总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量的增长（P〈0．01），且均好于阳性药物组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），同时可提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论：羊栖菜多糖和羊栖菜多糖络合物均具有调节血脂的功能。     

防风通圣丸减肥降脂降糖作用的研究

目的研究防风通圣丸对营养性肥胖大鼠的减肥降脂降糖作用。方法取刚断乳的SD大鼠80只,随机分为两组,正常对照组(n=12),饲喂普通饲料;其余大鼠为肥胖模型组,饲喂高脂饲料,8周后建成营养性肥胖模型,筛选50只,随机分为5组:营养性肥胖模型对照组(给予生理盐水),阳性对照组(给予芦荟减肥茶),防风通圣丸高、中、低剂量组,分组给药,连续6周。结果防风通圣丸灌胃给药,能明显降低肥胖大鼠体重、Lee,s指数和脂肪重量(P0.01),降低血清甘油三酯、胆固醇、血糖水平,抑制脂肪细胞增大(P0.05)。结论防风通圣丸灌胃给药对营养性肥胖大鼠有显著地减肥降脂降糖作用。     

佩连麻黄方对单纯性肥胖大鼠体质量、肝功能、血脂的影响

目的:探讨佩连麻黄方对单纯性肥胖大鼠体质量的影响及其对改善肝功能、降低血脂水平和调节脂代谢紊乱的作用。方法:将大鼠随机平均分为模型组、对照组、佩连麻黄方低剂量组、中剂量组以及高剂量组。制作肥胖大鼠模型,在给予大鼠药物8周后,对大鼠的体长、体质量、Lee′s指数,体脂含量进行检测。对血脂水平包括血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)进行检测;对肝功能变化包括谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)进行测定分析;对脂肪生成相关基因表达变化包括脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)、脂肪细胞脂结合蛋白(adipocyte lipid binding protein,AP2)、脂蛋白酯酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)进行测定分析。结果:治疗后,各组大鼠的体质量、Lee′s指数、体脂含量、血清ALT、FAS水平、TC、TG和LDL-C均有下降,HDL-C水平明显升高;佩连麻黄方高剂量组和模型组在体脂含量和体质量方面比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);高剂量组血清ALT、FAS水平明显低于模型组(P0.05);与模型组相比,高剂量组血清血脂各指标水平显著改善(P0.05);和模型组相比,佩连麻黄方治疗组AP2、FAS以及LPL表达水平明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:佩连麻黄方能够对单纯性肥胖大鼠起到减肥效果,而且能改善肝功能和高血脂症,调节脂代谢紊乱。     

佩连麻黄方对单纯性肥胖大鼠体质量、肝功能、血脂的影响

目的:探讨佩连麻黄方对单纯性肥胖大鼠体质量的影响及其对改善肝功能、降低血脂水平和调节脂代谢紊乱的作用。方法:将大鼠随机平均分为模型组、对照组、佩连麻黄方低剂量组、中剂量组以及高剂量组。制作肥胖大鼠模型,在给予大鼠药物8周后,对大鼠的体长、体质量、Lee′s指数,体脂含量进行检测。对血脂水平包括血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)进行检测;对肝功能变化包括谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)进行测定分析;对脂肪生成相关基因表达变化包括脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)、脂肪细胞脂结合蛋白(adipocyte lipid binding protein,AP2)、脂蛋白酯酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)进行测定分析。结果:治疗后,各组大鼠的体质量、Lee′s指数、体脂含量、血清ALT、FAS水平、TC、TG和LDL-C均有下降,HDL-C水平明显升高;佩连麻黄方高剂量组和模型组在体脂含量和体质量方面比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);高剂量组血清ALT、FAS水平明显低于模型组(P<0.05);与模型组相比,高剂量组血清血脂各指标水平显著改善(P<0.05);和模型组相比,佩连麻黄方治疗组AP2、FAS以及LPL表达水平明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:佩连麻黄方能够对单纯性肥胖大鼠起到减肥效果,而且能改善肝功能和高血脂症,调节脂代谢紊乱。     

苍术山楂颗粒对幼龄营养性肥胖大鼠糖脂代谢的影响

目的通过高脂饲料喂养诱导幼龄SD大鼠营养性肥胖模型,观察苍术山楂颗粒对幼龄营养性肥胖大鼠模型体质量、体长、李氏指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血糖、血脂的影响。方法采用高脂饲料喂养刚离乳SD大鼠4周,诱导幼龄营养性肥胖大鼠模型,然后予苍术山楂颗粒灌胃治疗4周,观察幼龄营养性肥胖大鼠模型体质量、体长、李氏指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血糖、血脂的变化。结果苍术山楂颗粒灌胃4周后,中药治疗组可显著降低肥胖大鼠的体质量、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、三酰甘油和胆固醇水平（P〈0.01）;中药治疗组大鼠的体长、李氏指数、血糖及高密度脂蛋白较模型对照组有下降（P〈0.05）;各组之间低密度脂蛋白无统计学意义。结论苍术山楂颗粒对幼龄SD大鼠营养性肥胖模型的体质量、体长、李氏指数、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、血糖、血脂指标方面均有一定的调节作用。     

云草宁对大鼠营养性肥胖的预防性减肥作用

目的观察云草宁对营养性肥胖大鼠的作用。方法采用营养饲料喂养制备大鼠营养性肥胖模型,分别记录体重、体长、尾长、Lee’s指数、生殖器官周围的脂肪重量及脂肪细胞的数目。结果连续喂养营养饲料4周后模型组体重、脂肪重量及Lee’s指数均较对照组明显增加(P<0.05),体长、尾长较对照组缩短;5周起给药组上述指标均有显著性改善(P<0.05)。结论云草宁对营养性肥胖大鼠有预防性减肥作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.