热应激对血液流变学指标影响的实验研究

目的：探讨热应激对血液流变学指标的影响。方法,通过观察日本大耳白兔热应激时全血粘度,血浆粘度,血沉、血细胞压积、纤维蛋白原等指标的变化,结果：1．全血粘度在受热初期有所下降,随着受热时间延长,血粘度逐渐升高,以低初、中切时血粘度升高幅度较大;2．血沉、血球压积及纤维蛋白原随着受热时间延长呈升高趋势,结论：热应激能导致明显的血液流变学紊乱。     

血液动力学变化对血液流变学影响的研究进展

血液流变学是在流体力学基础上发展起来的一门关系到血液和循环两个系统生理功能的新兴边缘学科,是研究血液及其组成成分流变和变形规律的科学。近十几年来在我国发展十分迅猛,进行了许多研究,现综述如下:     

库血复温输注对失血性休克兔血液流变学和血气的影响

目的探讨库血复温输注对失血性休克兔血液流变学和血气的影响。方法将30只新西兰兔随机分成两组,建立失血性休克模。一组采用低温(4℃)输血,另一组采用复温(37℃)输血,分别于输血后30、60 min观测血液流变学和血气的变化。结果复温输血组与低温输血组相比较,全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞刚性指数明显降低(P<0.001),二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)也明显降低(P<0.05);氧饱和度(SatO2)、氧分压(PaO2)、剩余碱(BEecf)、pH明显升高(P<0.05)。结论复温输血对改善血循环,纠正酸碱平衡紊乱方面有一定作用。     

不同波长紫外线照射兔血回输后血液流变学的变化

为探讨紫外线６种波长对血液流变学的不同影响，我们采用了辐射能量为５４ｍＪ，波长３６５，３３３．７，３１２．５，３０２．１ｎｍ及全波长的６组波长的紫外线照射兔自身体离体血后回输，照前照后承血测定血液流变学指标，结果（１）凝血时间３１３．２ｎｍ波长照射前３１．０±４．８ｓ（ｘ±ｓ）照射后５６．５±２３．６ｓ比全波长为３３３．７ｎｍ波长明显延长（Ｐ〈０．０５），（２）全血粘度，３３３．７ｎｍ波长照前２．     

低氧对食管癌病人血液流变学指标的影响

目的：本文观察了低氧引起的癌症患者血液流变学参数的变化。结果表明：全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞压积、全血还原比粘度、血沉值低氧组略低于对照组；红细胞电泳时间、纤维蛋白元值低氧组略高于对照组，但均无明显差异；血沉方程K值低氧组明显高于对照组（P＜0．05）。这些结果提示，佩戴低氧呼吸装置所产生的短时间急性缺氧，不会对人体血液流变学产生明显影响。     

氟碳代血液对大鼠血液流变学的影响

本文探讨了氟碳代血液(FCBS)对大鼠血液流变学的影响。Wistar大鼠20只,体重163～273g,从颈静脉以7.5ml/kg放血。随后实验组(n=9)输注与失血等量的FCBS,对照组输注乳化剂F-68(n=6)或生理盐水(n=5)。观察输注后30分钟其血液流变学的变化。结果显示:输注FCBS后30分钟,大鼠全血粘度明显降低,微血管血流速度明显加快,而对照组无明显变化;血球压积、红细胞聚集和微血管管径各组均无明显改变。输注FCBS和F-68后5分钟,微静脉内翻滚的白细胞减少,贴壁的白细胞增多,后者以F-68组更为明显,输注后15分钟已恢复到输注前水平。提示输注FCBS有改善血液流变学的效应,白细胞贴壁的增加可能与F-68有关。     

极低频脉冲磁场对小鼠血液流变学指标的影响

极低频脉冲磁场对小鼠血液流变学指标的影响席晓莉张建保文峻杨春智范家骏（第四军医大学生物医学工程系物理教研室西安７１００３２）前言：磁场对机体的作用主要发生在低频和直流场范围，而当磁场频率增加时机体对其的敏感性明显消失有关［１］。本文对频率２０Ｈｚ，强...     

脑出血后血液流变学指标变化分析

脑 出血是危害人类健康的常见病 ,因有发病率、死亡率、致残率三高特征 ,我院从 1996年 8月至 1999年 12月对经过脑ＣＴ扫描证实有脑出血患者 10 4例均经血液流变检测。现报告如下。1　资料与方法1.1　一般资料10 4例脑出血患者按性别分组 ,男性 6 4例、女性 4 0例 ,年龄 4 3～ 81岁 ,平均年龄 6 1岁。正常组 6 0例 ,男性 32例、女性 2 8例 ,年龄 4 5～ 72岁 ,平均年龄 6 5岁。入选 10 4例患者均为住院病人 ,符合脑出血临床诊断标准 ,经脑ＣＴ扫描确诊后 ,均在 2 4ｈ内于治疗前即刻抽取血做血流变学测定。1.2　诊断依据脑血出的临床症状主要…     

脾切除对血液流变学的影响

本文观察38例脾切除患者血液流变学的变化。结果显示：与对照组相比较全血及血浆粘度显著提高，红细胞变形能力明显减低，血小板数明显增加。提示脾切除后不仅有血液粘度的变化，而且有血小板和红细胞功能异常。本文对其临床意义进行了讨论。     

高血压患者血液流变学危险指标的分析

目的：探讨湛江市高血压疾病与其血液流变学危险指标的关系。方法：测量高血压患者的各项血液流变学指标,并分析其血液流变特性及危险指标。结果：男性高血压患者血液流变学指标血沉方程Ｋ值、ＥＳＲ、ＨＣＴ、ｎｂ、ｕｐ、ηｒ、ＦＡＤ、ＦＩＢ、ＥＰＴ明显高于对照组,差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。女性高血压患者血液流变学指标：ＥＳＲ、Ｋ、ＦＩＢ、ηｐ、ＦＡＤ、ＭＷ、ＤＷ明显高于对照组,差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：湛江市男女高血压患者血液流变性危险指标表现不同。     

血液流变性改变对电学特性的影响

本文根据血液三元件电模型，介绍了红细胞聚集，解聚和红细胞在流场中的取向、变形，以及血浆蛋白等血液流变学因素的改变对血液电学特性的影响。     

Effect of desmopressin on erythrocyte aggregation

Experiments on rats showed that desmopressin in doses recommended for single injections to humans increased erythrocyte aggregation. A close correlation between erythrocyte aggregation index and blood viscosity, on the one hand, and plasma content of acid glycosaminoglycans on the other was detected. Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 146, No. 9, pp. 301–303, September, 2008     

A novel cabazitaxel-loaded polymeric micelle system with superior in vitro stability and long blood circulation time

Cabazitaxel (CTX) is a second-generation semisynthetic taxane that demonstrates antitumor activity superior to docetaxel. However, the low aqueous solubility of CTX has hampered its use as a therapeutic agent. In this work, CTX-loaded N-t-butoxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine end-capped monomethyl poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (D,L-lactide) (mPEG-PLA-Phe(Boc)/CTX) micelles were prepared to improve the solubility of CTX while retaining its superior stability before accessing the tumor site. The mPEG-PLA-Phe(Boc)/CTX micelles showed excellent stability in vitro compared with mPEG-PLA/CTX micelles. When stored at 25 °C, the mPEG-PLA/CTX micelles tended to aggregate within 1 h, whereas the mPEG-PLA-Phe(Boc)/CTX micelles were uniformly transparent even after three weeks. Dilution of mPEG-PLA/CTX micelles widened their size distribution and decreased the encapsulation efficiency, while significant change was not found in mPEG-PLA-Phe(Boc)/CTX micelles, even when diluted 1000-fold. Pharmacokinetic results in Sprague–Dawley rats indicated that, compared with Jevtana^®, intravenous administration of mPEG-PLA-Phe(Boc)/CTX micelles stably retained the CTX in plasma with 26.03-fold larger of the area under the time–concentration curve, 2.13-fold longer of the half-life, and 9.99-fold higher of the maximum concentration. In conclusion, mPEG-PLA-Phe(Boc) micelle may be a potential nanocarrier not only to improve the solubility of CTX but also to prolong the blood circulation time, which results in improved biological activity.     

Effect of exchange blood transfusion on some indices of skeletal muscle metabolism

After replacement of 85% of the blood volume in healthy dogs and also in animals with transfusion shock the content of the nitrogenous fractions and activity of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases in the skeletal muscles were studied for 7 days. The exchange blood transfusion produced a good therapeutic effect on the animals with transfusion shock. However, the process of flushing of nonprotein substances from the tissues of these animals was much less complete than in healthy animals.Experimental Division, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, L'vov. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 1423–1424, December, 1976.     

基于脉搏波传导时间的血压测量方法

目的:设计一种连续血压测量方法,在无创的条件下能够实时监测受试者的血压。方法:对耳后动脉和趾背动脉的脉搏波进行特征识别,计算两个脉搏波之间的传播时间,并根据受试者的血液密度、血管内径、血管壁厚度等参数计算脉搏波传导速度,然后在传统脉搏波传导时间算法的基础上,增加受试者身高和体重,计算出人体的血压。结果:该算法得到的血压结果与真实值较为接近,并且实时性较好。结论:改进后的基于脉搏波传导时间的血压测量方法可用于血压的实时测量,为临床诊断提供帮助。     

综合治疗对颈椎病患者血流变的影响

目的 :观察综合疗法治疗颈椎病的疗效。方法 :采用中药辨证口服 ,骨蒸及静脉点滴治疗 ,并观察血流变的情况。结果 :30例患者治疗后 ,其全血粘度有显著改善。结论 :综合疗法治疗颈椎病有较好的临床疗效     

The effect of time on task,sleep deprivation,and time of day on simulated driving performance

Sleep deprivation and time of day have been shown to play a critical role in decreasing ability to sustain attention, such as when driving long distances. However, a gap in the literature exists regarding external factors, such as workload. One way to examine workload is via modulating time on task. This study investigated the combined effect of sleep deprivation, time of day, and time on task as a workload factor on driving performance. Twenty-one participants (18–34 years, 10 females) underwent 62 h of sleep deprivation within a controlled laboratory environment. Participants received an 8-h baseline and 9.5-h recovery sleep. Every 8 h, participants completed a Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), 30-min monotonous driving task and NASA-Task Load Index (TLX). Driving variables examined were lane deviation, number of crashes, speed deviation and time outside the safe zone. Workload was measured by comparing two 15-min loops of the driving track. A mixed model ANOVA revealed significant main effects of day and time of day on all driving performance measures (p < .001). There was a significant main effect of workload on lane deviation (p < .05), indicating that a longer time on task resulted in greater lane deviation. A significant main effect of day (p < .001) but not time of day for the NASA-TLX, PVT and KSS was found. Time on task has a significant further impact on driving performance and should be considered alongside sleep deprivation and time of day when implementing strategies for long-distance driving.