Breast non-mass-like lesions on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: Feature analysis,breast image reporting and data system classification assessment

BACKGROUND Breast non-mass-like lesions(NMLs)account for 9.2%of all breast lesions.The specificity of the ultrasound diagnosis of NMLs is low,and it cannot be objectively classified according to the 5th Edition of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System(BI-RADS).Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)can help to differentiate and classify breast lesions but there are few studies on NMLs alone.AIM To analyze the features of benign and malignant breast NMLs in grayscale ultrasonography(US),color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI)and CEUS,and to explore the efficacy of the combined diagnosis of NMLs and the effect of CEUS on the BI-RADS classification of NMLs.METHODS A total of 51 breast NMLs verified by pathology were analyzed in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2019.All lesions were examined by US,CDFI and CEUS,and their features from those examinations were analyzed.With pathology as the gold standard,binary logic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors for malignant breast NMLs,and a regression equation was established to calculate the efficiency of combined diagnosis.Based on the regression equation,the combined diagnostic efficiency of US combined with CEUS(US+CEUS)was determined.The initial BI-RADS-US classification of NMLs was adjusted according to the independent risk factors identified by CEUS,and the diagnostic efficiency of CEUS combined with BI-RADS(CEUS+BI-RADS)was calculated based on the results.ROC curves were drawn to compare the diagnostic values of the three methods,including US,US+CEUS,and CEUS+BI-RADS,for benign and malignant NMLs.RESULTS Microcalcification,enhancement time,enhancement intensity,lesion scope,and peripheral blood vessels were significantly different between benign and malignant NMLs.Among these features,microcalcification,higher enhancement,and lesion scope were identified as independent risk factors for malignant breast NMLs.When US,US+CEUS,and CEUS+BI-RADS were used to identify the benign and malignant breast NMLs,their sensitivity rates were 82.6%,91.3%,and 87.0%,respectively;their specificity rates were 71.4%,89.2%,and 92.9%,respectively;their positive predictive values were 70.4%,87.5%,and 90.9%,respectively;their negative predictive values were 83.3%,92.6%,and 89.7%,respectively;their accuracy rates were 76.5%,90.2%,and 90.2%,respectively;and their corresponding areas under ROC curves were 0.752,0.877 and 0.903,respectively.Z tests showed that the area under the ROC curve of US was statistically smaller than that of US+CEUS and CEUS+BI-RADS,and there was no statistical difference between US+CEUS and CEUS+BI-RADS.CONCLUSION US combined with CEUS can improve diagnostic efficiency for NMLs.The adjustment of the BI-RADS classification according to the features of contrastenhanced US of NMLs enables the diagnostic results to be simple and intuitive,facilitates the management of NMLs,and effectively reduces the incidence of unnecessary biopsy.     

Meta-Analysis: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Versus Conventional Ultrasound for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions

This meta-analysis aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), conventional ultrasound (US) combined with CEUS (US?+?CEUS) and US for distinguishing breast lesions. From thorough literature research, studies that compared the diagnostic performance of CEUS versus US or US?+?CEUS versus US, using pathology results as the gold standard, were included. A total of 10 studies were included, of which 9 compared the diagnostic performance of CEUS and US, and 5 studies compared US?+?CEUS and US. In those comparing CEUS versus US, the pooled sensitivity was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95) versus 0.87 (95% CI: 0.85–0.90) and pooled specificity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.84–0.88) versus 0.72 (95% CI: 0.69–0.75). In studies comparing US?+?CEUS versus US, the pooled sensitivity was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.96) versus 0.87 (95% CI: 0.84–0.90) and pooled specificity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.89) versus 0.80 (95% CI: 0.76–0.84). In terms of diagnosing breast malignancy, areas under the curve of the summary receiver operating characteristic (of both CEUS (p?=?0.003) and US?+?CEUS (p?=?0.000) were statistically higher than that of US. Both CEUS alone and US?+?CEUS had better diagnostic performance than US in differentiation of breast lesions, and US?+?CEUS also had low negative likelihood ratio.     

Logistic Regression Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Conventional Ultrasound Characteristics of Sub-centimeter Thyroid Nodules

The purpose of the study described here was to determine specific characteristics of thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC) and explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with conventional ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of TMC. Characteristics of 63 patients with TMC and 39 with benign sub-centimeter thyroid nodules were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors. Four variables were included in the logistic regression models: age, shape, blood flow distribution and enhancement pattern. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.919. With 0.113 selected as the cutoff value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 90.5%, 82.1%, 89.1%, 84.2% and 87.3%, respectively. Independent risk factors for TMC determined with the combination of CEUS and conventional US were age, shape, blood flow distribution and enhancement pattern. Age was negatively correlated with malignancy, whereas shape, blood flow distribution and enhancement pattern were positively correlated. The logistic regression model involving CEUS and conventional US was found to be effective in the diagnosis of sub-centimeter thyroid nodules.     

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound–based nomogram for predicting malignant involvements among sonographically indeterminate/suspicious cervical lymph nodes in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma

This prospective study was aimed at assessing the value of nomograms based on conventional and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features in the pre-operative diagnosis of sonographically indeterminate/suspicious lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). A total of 72 cervical LNs from 47 patients with DTC from January to June 2018 were included in the primary data set, and 30 LNs from 15 patients with DTC from July to August 2018 were included in the external validation data set. The LNs of the included patients were preoperatively evaluated by conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS. Each included LN was labeled by puncture localization with carbon nanoparticle suspension injection (Canalin) under US guidance and dissected separately to ensure the one-to-one correspondence between ultrasonic features and pathology status. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for LNM. A nomogram was used to construct a prediction model for cervical metastatic LNs. Round shape, absence of hilar structure, peripheral or mixed blood flow and centripetal or mass enhancement were risk factors for lymph node metastases. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the nomogram model based on conventional US and CEUS features was 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.872–0.985), which was superior to that of the nomogram based on conventional US features(0.85, 95% confidence interval: 0.707–0.989). CEUS features can provide incremental benefit in the diagnosis of LNM among DTC cohorts. Nomograms based on conventional US and CEUS features can predict LN status with high accuracy.     

Revised Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Solid Hypo-Echoic Thyroid Nodules Graded with the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System

The use of ultrasound in differentiation of benign and malignant solid hypo-echoic thyroid nodules is a dilemma in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the revised value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for differentiating solid hypo-echoic thyroid nodules using the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS).The study included 135 patients with 135 nodules confirmed by fine-needle aspiration and/or surgery. Every nodule underwent both conventional US and CEUS. Binary logistic regression analysis for conventional US features revealed that irregular shape, microcalcification and height greater than width were significant malignant predictive features. Binary logistic analysis for CEUS features indicated that hetero-enhancement, slow wash-in, an ill-defined enhancement border and fast wash-out were significantly associated with malignancy. The areas under the curve of the TI-RADS, CEUS and the combination were 0.806, 0.934 and 0.950, respectively. CEUS is a potentially useful tool in the differentiation of solid hypo-echoic thyroid nodules.     

Qualitative and Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Combined with Conventional Ultrasound for Predicting the Malignancy of Soft Tissue Tumors

This study was aimed at evaluating the performance of perfusion patterns and the quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the detection of soft tissue tumors (STTs) and establishing a US workflow for STTs to improve patient management. Conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS data were retrospectively collected from 156 soft tissue masses. Six perfusion patterns (P1–P6) were applied for CEUS qualitative analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the performance of conventional US and qualitative and quantitative CEUS in distinguishing benign and malignant STTs. The malignancy rates of P1–P6 in STTs were 0%, 50.0%, 9.1%, 33.3%, 73.4% and 61.0%, respectively. For "non-P1" STTs, the predictive model combining quantitative CEUS parameters with conventional US features, including margin (odds ratio [OR] = 4.490, p = 0.000), vascular density (OR = 2.307, p = 0.013), 50% wash-out intensity (OR = 1.904, p = 0.032) and 50% wash-out time (OR = 1.031, p = 0.019), performed favorably in predicting malignancy, with an accuracy of 81.0% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.868. Furthermore, a US workflow for the detection of STTs based on conventional US and CEUS was established. CEUS with qualitative and quantitative analyses could be an effective tool for STT diagnosis. The US workflow in this study may improve the management of STT patients.     

Renal Masses: Evaluation with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound,with a Special Focus on the Pseudocapsule Sign

The aim of this study was to analyze the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating between benign and malignant renal masses, with a special emphasis on the value of the pseudocapsule sign. A total of 163 consecutive patients with 163 renal masses were involved. The conventional ultrasonography and CEUS features were assessed. Sensitivity, specificity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) were calculated for qualitative CEUS, and a multivariate analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between the sonographic features and malignancy. Time to peak (TTP) and peak intensity (PI) were compared between benign and malignant renal masses for quantitative CEUS analysis in 72 of 163 patients. Intraclass correlations were calculated for variability in intensity and time parameters between qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Among all qualitative CEUS features, the pseudocapsule sign showed the highest Az (0.777; 95% confidence interval: 0.701–0.853) and yielded the highest sensitivity (67.4%) and specificity (88.0%); multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the pseudocapsule sign and color Doppler flow imaging patterns were the two strongest independent predictors for malignancy. For quantitative CEUS analysis, higher PI and shorter TTP were found in malignant renal masses than those in benign ones. The Intraclass correlation coefficient values among qualitative and the quantitative assessments were 0.00 for time and 0.03 for intensity. The pseudocapsule sign offered the most efficient performance among all the qualitative and quantitative CEUS features.     

多模态超声在涎腺局灶性病变良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨多模态超声鉴别诊断涎腺局灶性病变性质的价值。 方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月在解放军总医院第一医学中心收治的128例涎腺局灶性病变患者的临床资料以及超声影像资料。以手术或穿刺病理结果为金标准,将其分为良性组和恶性组。128例均行常规超声（US）、实时超声弹性成像（RTE）及超声造影（CEUS）检查,记录并分析3种模态的超声图像特征。采用χ²检验比较2组间病灶的超声图像特征,绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,计算US、US+RTE、US+CEUS、US+RTE+CEUS诊断涎腺局灶性病变的诊断效能以及ROC曲线下面积。 结果128例中,病理诊断良性病灶85例,恶性病灶43例。良性组病灶中91.8%（78/85）边界清晰、58.8%（50/85）形态规则,分别高于恶性病灶的58.1%（25/43）、18.6%（8/43）,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.001）;恶性组病灶中46.5%（20/43）RTE分级为Ⅲ级、72.1%（31/43）CEUS模式表现为Ⅱc型,良性组病灶中仅16.5%（14/85）RTE分级为Ⅲ级、11.8%（10/85）CEUS模式表现为Ⅱc型,2组比较差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。US+RTE任意一项结果阳性即诊断恶性对涎腺病变良恶性诊断的敏感度、特异度为0.767、0.800,ROC曲线下面积和约登指数为0.784、0.567。US+CEUS任意一项结果阳性即诊断恶性的敏感度、特异度分别为0.791、0.882,ROC曲线下面积和约登指数为0.837、0.673。US+RTE+CEUS中任意2项或以上结果阳性即诊断为恶性,其敏感度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为0.767、0.941、0.883、0.868、0.889,ROC曲线下面积和约登指数为0.854、0.708。 结论多模态超声联合应用有助于提高超声对涎腺局灶性病变良恶性的鉴别诊断价值。     

常规超声及超声造影联合诊断甲状腺微小乳头状癌

目的探讨常规超声（US）与超声造影（CEUS）在甲状腺微小乳头状癌（PTMC）的诊断价值。 方法收集2013年2月至2017年5月南京市浦口医院、南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院及南京军区南京总医院甲状腺结节患者158例,手术切除的结节最大直径<1 cm,其中74例甲状腺小乳头状癌（PTMC组）,84例腺瘤（TA组）。术前均行US和CEUS检查,对PTMC组和TA组的边缘、纵横比和增强方式、均匀性和强度等变量先进行χ²检验或Mann-Whitney U检验,再采用Logistic回归分析筛选甲状腺微小癌的危险因素。 结果TA组和PTMC组在边缘、纵横比、钙化、包膜连续4项US检查参数方面比较,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）,CEUS的强化方式、强度和均匀性定性分析以及Peak、Grad、Area定量分析显示,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）。US诊断甲状腺癌的敏感度、特异度和准确性分别为82.1%（69/84）、66.2%（49/74）、74.7%（118/158）。Logistic回归分析显示纵横比≥1、包膜不连续和低强化是影响PTMC超声征象的危险因素（P<0.05）。以Logistic回归模型判断甲状腺恶性结节概率的预测值绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,曲线下面积为0.887,敏感度、特异度分别为81.7%和84.2%。 结论US联合CEUS对小于1 cm的甲状腺肿瘤的鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

超声造影联合弹性成像对甲状腺影像报告和数据系统4类甲状腺结节的诊断价值

目的探讨超声造影、弹性成像单独及二者联合对甲状腺影像报告和数据系统（TI-RADS）4类结节的诊断价值。 方法收集2011年11月至2016年8月在首都医科大学宣武医院行常规超声检查,且分类为TI-RADS 4类的137例甲状腺结节患者共159个结节,分别行超声造影及弹性成像检查,以术后病理结果为"金标准",建立超声造影及二者联合诊断甲状腺结节的多因素Logistic回归方程,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线比较超声造影、弹性成像及二者联合的诊断价值。得出超声造影、弹性成像及联合诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及漏诊率。 结果甲状腺恶性结节患者的超声造影特征多表现为：低增强、不均匀性增强、不完全或无环状增强及达峰时间晚于周边组织,差异均有统计学意义（χ²=24.378、69.194、29.434、7.375,P均<0.01）。联合诊断时,增强均匀度、有无环状增强及弹性评分进入Logistic回归方程,是诊断结节的独立指标。联合诊断的ROC曲线下面积（0.921±0.023）,大于超声造影和弹性成像单独诊断的ROC曲线下面积（分别为0.88±0.029、0.80±0.038）。联合诊断有较高的敏感度、准确度、阴性预测值及较低的漏诊率（分别为92.1%、86.2%、84.6%与7.9%）。 结论超声造影联合弹性成像可显著提高TI-RADS 4类甲状腺结节的诊断效能,有较高的临床应用价值。     

超声造影及BRAF基因突变在甲状腺乳头状癌被膜外侵犯诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨超声造影（CEUS）及BRAF基因突变在甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）被膜外侵犯术前诊断中的价值。 方法：入组119名患者共129个PTC病灶，其中25个经术后病理证实存在甲状腺被膜外侵犯。记录传统超声（US）及CEUS模式下PTC与被膜接触范围、是否出现被膜中断现象，以及患者BRAF基因突变检测结果。计算上述特征单独及联合诊断PTC被膜外侵犯的效能。 结果：被膜外侵犯组BRAF基因突变阳性率、US及CEUS被膜接触范围及被膜中断率均显著高于无侵犯组（P<0.05）。接触范围中，US及CEUS均以?25%为界值诊断被膜外侵犯准确度最高。在各超声特征单独及联合BRAF基因突变用于诊断时，CEUS准确度均高于US，CEUS联合BRAF准确度88.38%。 结论：PTC被膜外侵犯临床、超声特征包括：BRAF基因突变阳性、US及CEUS显示结节与被膜接触?25%及被膜中断。CEUS诊断准确度高于US。CEUS联合BRAF基因突变在术前诊断PTC被膜外侵犯中具有重要意义。     

Multimodal Ultrasound Imaging in Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System 4 Breast Lesions: A Prediction Model for Malignancy

The purpose of this study was to develop, validate and test a prediction model for discriminating malignant from benign breast lesions using conventional ultrasound (US), US elastography of strain elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The study included 454 patients with breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) category 4 breast lesions identified on histologic examinations. Firstly, 228 breast lesions (cohort 1) were analyzed by logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors, and a breast malignancy prediction model was created. Secondly, the prediction model was validated in cohort 2 (84 patients) and tested in cohort 3 (142 patients) by using analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Univariate regression indicated that age ≥40 y, taller than wide shape on US, early hyperenhancement on CEUS and enlargement of enhancement area on CEUS were independent risk factors for breast malignancy (all p < 0.05). The logistic regression equation was established as follows: p = 1/1+Exp∑[–5.066 + 3.125 x (if age ≥40 y) + 1.943 x (if taller than wide shape) + 1.479 x (if early hyperenhancement) + 4.167 x (if enlargement of enhancement area). The prediction model showed good discrimination performance with an AUC of 0.967 in cohort 1, 0.948 in cohort 2 and 0.920 in cohort 3. By using the prediction model to selectively downgrade category 4a lesions, the re-rated BI-RADS yield an AUC of 0.880 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.794–0.965) in cohort 2 and 0.870 (95% CI, 0.801–0.939) in cohort 3. The specificity increased from 0.0% (0/35) to 80.0% (28/35) without loss of sensitivity (from 100.0% to 95.9%, p = 0.153) in cohort 2. Similarly, the specificity increased from 0.0% (0/58) to 77.6% (45/58) without loss of sensitivity (from 100.0% to 96.4%, p = 0.081) in cohort 3. Multimodal US showed good diagnostic performance in predicting breast malignancy of BI-RADS category 4 lesions. Although the loss of sensitivity was existing, the addition of multimodal US to US BI-RADS could improve the specificity in BI-RADS category 4 lesions, which reduced unnecessary biopsies.     

超声造影及BRAF基因突变诊断甲状腺乳头状癌被膜外侵犯

目的探讨超声造影(CEUS)及BRAF基因突变在术前诊断甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)被膜外侵犯中的价值。方法入组119例患者共129个PTC病灶,25个存在被膜外侵犯(A组),104个无被膜外侵犯(B组)。记录传统超声(US)及CEUS模式下PTC与被膜接触范围、是否出现被膜中断现象及患者BRAF基因突变检测结果,计算上述特征单独及联合诊断PTC被膜外侵犯的效能。结果A组BRAF基因突变阳性率、US及CEUS被膜接触范围及被膜中断率均高于B组(P均<0.05)。US及CEUS均以接触范围≥25%为界值诊断被膜外侵犯准确率最高。各超声特征单独及联合BRAF基因突变用于诊断时,CEUS准确率均高于US,CEUS联合BRAF准确率88.37%(114/129)。结论PTC被膜外侵犯特征包括BRAF基因突变阳性、US及CEUS显示结节与被膜接触≥25%及被膜中断。CEUS联合BRAF基因突变对于术前诊断PTC被膜外侵犯具有重要价值。     

肾透明细胞癌WHO/ISUP分级的超声预测因素分析

目的 探讨肾透明细胞癌(CCRCC)WHO/ISUP病理分级的超声预测因素.方法 回顾性选取浙江省人民医院2017年1月至2020年11月经手术病理证实的CCRCC患者87例,所有患者术前均行常规超声及超声造影(CEUS)检查.依据WHO/ISUP病理分级将患者分为低级别组(1、2级)和高级别组(3、4级).单因素分析...     

Intranodular Vascularity May Be Useful in Predicting Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules with the Intermediate Suspicion Pattern of the 2015 American Thyroid Association Guidelines

The aim of the study described here was to determine whether vascularity patterns on Doppler ultrasonography (US) differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules with the intermediate suspicion pattern based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines. A total of 411 benign or malignant thyroid nodules from 406 patients with intermediate-suspicion US features were retrospectively collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses with the generalized estimating equation were used to identify factors predicting malignancy, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The vascularity patterns significantly differed between the benign (353 of 411, 85.9%) and malignant (58 of 411, 14.1%) nodules (p = 0.005). Only intranodular vascularity was significantly associated with malignancy on univariate analysis (p = 0.006) and was an independent predictor of malignancy on multivariate analysis (p = 0.004). In conclusion, intranodular vascularity on Doppler US may be useful for predicting malignancy in thyroid nodules with the intermediate-suspicion pattern.     

乳腺恶性病变超声诊断的Logistic回归模型

目的建立以超声特征诊断乳腺恶性病变的Logistic回归模型。方法对手术病理证实的475个乳腺病灶的二维超声、彩色多普勒超声、超声弹性成像特征进行多因素回归分析,建立Logistic模型。用ROC曲线法评价Logistic模型的预报能力。结果多因素回归分析显示最后进入Logistic模型的7个特征分别为:弹性成像评分(OR=5.735)、病灶边缘(OR=8.421)、病灶内微小钙化,(OR=8.755)、CDFI分级(OR=1.767)、内部回声不均匀(OR=0.276)、后方回声衰减(OR=3.282)、后方回声增强(OR=0.396)。Logistic模型的ROC曲线下面积为0.979。结论以超声特征诊断乳腺恶性病变的Logistic回归模型有助于鉴别乳腺良、恶性病变。     

恶性造影特征对BIRADS-US4类不典型乳腺病变再次分级诊断价值

摘要：目的 探讨恶性造影特征对BIRADS-US4类乳腺不典型病变再次分级诊断价值,方法：对124例（130个病灶）造影前分为BIRADS-US4类乳腺病灶行超声造影检查,依据病变恶性造影特征（不均匀增强,周边环状高增强,增强后范围扩大,内部充盈缺损,周边放射性汇聚）再次对病变进行分级诊断,无任一恶性造影特征者降为3级,有其中任意一项者升一级,有其中任意两项者升两级,有其中三项及以上者升为5级,依据手术病理结果探讨超声造影恶性特征对BIRADS-US4类不典型乳腺病变再次分级诊断价值,结果：130个病灶均经手术病理证实,其中良性67个,恶性63个。造影前BIRADS-US4A类病灶61个,4B类病灶41个,4C类病灶28个,超声造影再次分级后BIRADS-US3类病灶49个,BIRADS-US4A类病灶13个,4B类病灶7个,4C类病灶12个,5级病灶49个,超声造影诊断BIRADS-US4类病灶灵敏度,特异度,准确性,阳性及阴性预测值分别为90.4%,83.6%,86.9%,83.8%,90.3%,依据恶性肿瘤超声造影特征再次分级并与病理对照超声造影恶性特征能够降低良性病灶活检率68.5%（46/67）,同时提高约73.0%（46/63）恶性病灶诊断信心,结论：依据乳腺肿瘤恶性造影特征对BIRADS-US4类不典型病灶再次分级在降低BIRADS4类不典型病灶穿刺活检风险的同时,也能够提高此类病变中恶性病灶诊断信心,能够优化BIRADS-US4类病变分级,更好地为临床提供诊断及治疗的参考依据,值得注意的是对少部分超声造影特征不典型的乳腺癌病灶进行再次分级时需要谨慎,需密切结合二维超声特征同时建议穿刺活检避免漏诊。 关键词：恶性;造影特征,BIRADS-US4类,分级     

乳腺富血供病灶的灰阶实时超声造影和能量多普勒超声对照研究

目的 探讨乳腺富血供病灶灰阶实时超声造影特征,评价超声造影在判断病灶性质中的应用价值.方法 对能量多普勒表现为富血供的35例患者的37个乳腺病灶行超声造影检查,分析其增强特征,并与能量多普勒血流形态表现进行对照分析.结果 乳腺富血供良恶性病灶能量多普勒血流形态无显著差异,只有阻力指数一项参数有鉴别诊断意义,其诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性为68.2%、73.3%和75.7%;而良恶性病灶超声造影增强表现明显不同,早期团块状增强和边缘片状增强是富血供恶性病灶的增强特征,诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性分别达90.9%、73.3%和83.8%.结论 与能量多普勒相比,超声造影能更好地表现富血供乳腺病灶血流形态和分布特征,对判断病灶性质有较大临床应用价值.     

超声检测在乳腺实性肿块鉴别诊断中的应用

[目的]探讨二维灰阶超声、彩色和能量多普勒超声诊断乳腺实性肿块良恶性的价值.[方法]分析经病理证实的87例病人的94个乳腺实性肿块的超声特征,对比乳腺良恶性肿块声像图特点,采用多因素回归分析建立二分类Logistic回归模型,并探讨其在诊断中的应用价值.[结果]所观测指标中共有7个超声特征（形态、后方回声、肿块纵横比、穿入型血流分布、血流Adler分级、血流RI及血流PSV）进入Logistic回归模型,说明所建立的模型具有统计学意义（χ2=356.758,P〈0.01）;ROC曲线的面积值为0.935,正确率为90.8%.[结论]利用乳腺实性肿块的超声特征建立Logistic回归模型进行判别分析,有助于对其良恶性进行鉴别诊断.     

乳腺富血供病灶的灰阶实时超声造影和能量多普勒超声对照研究

目的 探讨乳腺富血供病灶灰阶实时超声造影特征,评价超声造影在判断病灶性质中的应用价值.方法 对能量多普勒表现为富血供的35例患者的37个乳腺病灶行超声造影检查,分析其增强特征,并与能量多普勒血流形态表现进行对照分析.结果 乳腺富血供良恶性病灶能量多普勒血流形态无显著差异,只有阻力指数一项参数有鉴别诊断意义,其诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性为68.2%、73.3%和75.7%;而良恶性病灶超声造影增强表现明显不同,早期团块状增强和边缘片状增强是富血供恶性病灶的增强特征,诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性分别达90.9%、73.3%和83.8%.结论 与能量多普勒相比,超声造影能更好地表现富血供乳腺病灶血流形态和分布特征,对判断病灶性质有较大临床应用价值.