Mesenchymal stem cells enhance wound healing through differentiation and angiogenesis

Although chronic wounds are common, treatment for these disabling conditions remains limited and largely ineffective. In this study, we examined the benefit of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in wound healing. Using an excisional wound splinting model, we showed that injection around the wound and application to the wound bed of green fluorescence protein (GFP)(+) allogeneic BM-MSCs significantly enhanced wound healing in normal and diabetic mice compared with that of allogeneic neonatal dermal fibroblasts or vehicle control medium. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of cells derived from the wound for GFP-expressing BM-MSCs indicated engraftments of 27% at 7 days, 7.6% at 14 days, and 2.5% at 28 days of total BM-MSCs administered. BM-MSC-treated wounds exhibited significantly accelerated wound closure, with increased re-epithelialization, cellularity, and angiogenesis. Notably, BM-MSCs, but not CD34(+) bone marrow cells in the wound, expressed the keratinocyte-specific protein keratin and formed glandular structures, suggesting a direct contribution of BM-MSCs to cutaneous regeneration. Moreover, BM-MSC-conditioned medium promoted endothelial cell tube formation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis revealed high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 in BM-MSCs and significantly greater amounts of the proteins in BM-MSC-treated wounds. Thus, our data suggest that BM-MSCs promote wound healing through differentiation and release of proangiogenic factors. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.     

基质细胞衍生因子1对骨髓间充质干细胞迁移及皮肤创伤修复的影响

背景：基质细胞衍生因子1对骨髓间充质干细胞具有强烈的趋化作用,且基质细胞衍生因子1与骨髓间充质干细胞均能促进组织创伤愈合,然而有关两者与皮肤创伤愈合的研究文献报道较少。 目的：观察基质细胞衍生因子1在皮肤创伤修复过程中对骨髓间充质干细胞定向迁移及皮肤创面愈合的影响。 方法：选取30只SD大鼠随机分为5组,各组大鼠尾静脉注射PKH26标记的骨髓间充质干细胞,注射1周后于背部制作皮肤创伤模型,造模后于皮肤创伤处多点注射不同质量浓度的基质细胞衍生因子1(1,2,10,50 μg/L)。注射14 d后观察并记录大鼠皮肤愈合情况,免疫荧光染色观察创面组织骨髓间充质干细胞数量、分布情况,苏木精-伊红染色观察创面组织病理变化,Western blot检测创面组织Ⅰ型胶原及Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达情况。 结果与结论：当基质细胞衍生因子1质量浓度为10 μg/L时,骨髓间充质干细胞在皮肤创面的数量最多,创伤修复效果最好。同样基质细胞衍生因子1能够调节Ⅰ型胶原及Ⅲ型胶原在创面的表达,基质细胞衍生因子1质量浓度为10 μg/L时,Ⅰ型胶原及Ⅲ型胶原表达最高。结果表明适宜质量浓度的基质细胞衍生因子1 (10 μg/L)能够更好地促进骨髓间充质干细胞迁移,从而促进皮肤创伤愈合。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

Second-harmonic generation microscopy for assessment of mesenchymal stem cell-seeded acellular dermal matrix in wound-healing

Direct intra-skin injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the use of biomaterial scaffolds for grafts are both promising approaches of skin wound repair, however they still cannot generate skin that completely resembles the natural skin structures. In this study, we combined these two approaches by using acellular dermal matrix (ADM) recellularized with MSCs to repair cutaneous wounds in a murine model and two-photon fluorescence (TPF) microscopy and second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to assess the effects of this therapy on wound healing. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were tagged with GFP and seeded into ADM (ADM-MSC) via MSC and ADM co-culture. ADM-MSC, ADM or saline was applied to murine excisional skin wounds and wound-healing was evaluated by histological examination on days 7, 14, 21 and TFP microscopy on days 1, 3, 5 and 21 post-treatment. ADM-MSC promoted healing significantly more than treatment with ADM or saline alone, as it led to substantial neovascularization and complete skin appendage regeneration. Furthermore, the SHG microscopic imaging technique proved to be a useful tool for monitoring changes in the collagen network at the wound site during the healing process and assessing the effects of different therapies.     

Engineered pullulan-collagen composite dermal hydrogels improve early cutaneous wound healing

New strategies for skin regeneration are needed to address the significant medical burden caused by cutaneous wounds and disease. In this study, pullulan-collagen composite hydrogel matrices were fabricated using a salt-induced phase inversion technique, resulting in a structured yet soft scaffold for skin engineering. Salt crystallization induced interconnected pore formation, and modification of collagen concentration permitted regulation of scaffold pore size. Hydrogel architecture recapitulated the reticular distribution of human dermal matrix while maintaining flexible properties essential for skin applications. In vitro, collagen hydrogel scaffolds retained their open porous architecture and viably sustained human fibroblasts and murine mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial cells. In vivo, hydrogel-treated murine excisional wounds demonstrated improved wound closure, which was associated with increased recruitment of stromal cells and formation of vascularized granulation tissue. In conclusion, salt-induced phase inversion techniques can be used to create modifiable pullulan-collagen composite dermal scaffolds that augment early wound healing. These novel biomatrices can potentially serve as a structured delivery template for cells and biomolecules in regenerative skin applications.     

Expression of Thrombomodulin and Consequences of Thrombomodulin Deficiency during Healing of Cutaneous Wounds

Thrombomodulin is a cell surface anticoagulant that is expressed by endothelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined thrombomodulin expression during healing of partial-thickness wounds in human skin and full-thickness wounds in mouse skin. We also examined thrombomodulin expression and wound healing in heterozygous thrombomodulin-deficient mice, compound heterozygous mice that have <1% of normal thrombomodulin anticoagulant activity, and chimeric mice derived from homozygous thrombomodulin-deficient embryonic stem cells. In both human and murine wounds, thrombomodulin was absent in keratinocytes at the leading edge of the neoepidermis, but it was expressed strongly by stratifying keratinocytes within the neoepidermis. No differences in rate or extent of reepithelialization were observed between wild-type and thrombomodulin-deficient mice. In chimeric mice, both thrombomodulin-positive and thrombomodulin-negative keratinocytes were detected within the neoepidermis. Compared with wild-type mice, heterozygous and compound heterozygous thrombomodulin-deficient mice exhibited foci of increased collagen deposition in the wound matrix. These findings demonstrate that expression of thrombomodulin in keratinocytes is regulated during cutaneous wound healing. Severe deficiency of thrombomodulin anticoagulant activity does not appear to alter reepithelialization but may influence collagen production by fibroblasts in the wound matrix.     

Use of mesenchymal stem cells for cutaneous repair and skin substitute elaboration

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of fibroblast-like cells, which are present in different locations, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, extra-foetal tissues, gingiva and dermis. MSCs, which present multipotency capacities, important expansive potential and immunotolerance properties, remain an attractive tool for tissue repair and regenerative medicine. Currently, several studies and clinical trials highlight the use of MSCs in cutaneous repair underlining that their effects are essentially due to the numerous factors that they release. MSCs are also used in skin substitute development. In this study, we will first discuss the different sources of MSCs actually available. We will then present results showing that bone marrow-derived MSCs prepared according to Good Manufacturing Practices and included in a dermal equivalent are able to promote appropriate epidermis growth and differentiation. These data demonstrate that bone marrow-derived MSCs represent a satisfactory alternative to dermal fibroblasts in order to develop skin substitute. In addition, MSCs could provide a useful alternative to sustain epidermis development and to promote wound healing.     

调节骨髓间充质干细胞向皮肤创面迁移过程中的血小板衍生生长因子

背景：血小板衍生生长因子具有创伤修复作用,对其研究大部分集中于骨组织的修复,在皮肤创伤愈合中的修复作用研究较少。 目的：观察血小板衍生生长因子在皮肤创伤愈合过程中调控骨髓间充质干细胞向创面迁移促进创面愈合的作用。 方法：培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,免疫荧光检测细胞表面标记物CD34、CD44。选取健康雄性SD大鼠30只,随机分为5组,各组大鼠尾静脉注射PKH26标记的骨髓间充质干细胞。注射1周后,于大鼠背部正中线划长为3 cm的切口,制备皮肤创伤模型。造模后即刻于皮肤创伤处多点注射不同质量浓度血小板衍生生长因子干预药物,对照组注射等体积的生理盐水。注射14 d后留取皮肤创面组织进行相关指标检测。 结果与结论：荧光显微镜下观察血小板衍生生长因子能够剂量依赖性诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向皮肤创伤组织处迁移和聚集,进而促进皮肤创伤修复。Masson染色结果显示,随着血小板衍生生长因子干预质量浓度的增加,创面炎性细胞浸润减轻、胶原纤维数量不断增多。Western blot检测结果显示,血小板衍生生长因子能够抑制皮肤创伤组织基质金属蛋白酶1的表达,促进基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子1的表达,抑制胶原降解,发挥间接促愈合作用。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

Local delivery of adipose-derived stem cells via acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold: A new promising strategy to accelerate wound healing

Wounds, characterized by leading to a loss of integrity of the skin and a major cause of morbidity and mortality, are common challenges encountered in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The primary goals of treatment are rapid closure, restoration of function, and aesthetical satisfaction. Adult stem cells may provide new strategies to treat cutaneous wounds because of their prolonged self-renewal capacity and ability to differentiate into various tissues. In the past five years, some researches discovered bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) could accelerate wound healing. However, there exist several disadvantages of BMSCs mainly including the limitation of the obtainable amount and the impairment of their differentiation abilities with the increasing age. Due to the limitation of BMSCs in clinical application, we turn to consider adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) as seeding cells in tissue repair for their own advantages. ASCs could not only possess capacity to differentiate into various lineages under appropriate conditions, but also release angiogenic factors that stimulate angiogenesis in ischemia injury models. Here we propose the hypothesis that ASCs locally delivered via acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold would enhance wound healing through both differentiation into endothelial and epithelial cells and production of angiogenic growth factors in cutaneous wounds. Furthermore, ASCs seeded acellular scaffold can be believed to offer more benefits for introducing stem cells to the local ischemia environment as it provides a framework for the support of their regenerative capacity. Therefore, if the hypothesis is proved to be practical, it might represent a novel therapeutic approach and enhance cutaneous wound healing more effectively.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子及胰岛素样生长因子影响骨髓间充质干细胞增殖及胶原合成

BACKGROUND: How to control the orderly formation of collage in skin repair and scarring process is worthy of attention. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) combined with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. METHODS: Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured to induce adipogenic differentiation assessed by oil red O staining and osteogenic differentiation identified by alizarin red staining in vitro. Passage 3 cells were cultured in the medium containing bFGF, IGF-1, combination of them or the control fluid, respectively. MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of culture. The expression of type I collagen and type III collagen were detected by RT-PCR and western blot after 10 days of incubation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, bFGF or IGF-1 alone significantly promoted the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and inhibited the expression of type I collagen and type III collagen. After combined use of bFGF and IGF-1, the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was improved more significantly, and the expression of type I collagen and type III collagen returned to normal levels. These findings indicate that the combination of IGF-1 and bFGF can promote proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and restrain the expression of type I collagen and type III collagen, which may be helpful for control and repair of scar formation during wound healing.      

定向诱导骨髓间充质干细胞参与创面修复的研究

目的探讨诱导骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)分化为血管内皮样细胞参与创面修复的可能机制。方法选择正常成人MSCs,经密度梯度离心分离、纯化及体外培养扩增后,定向诱导分化为血管内皮样细胞作为种子细胞,以大于(1～2)×10个/cm密度种植于支架上,扫描电镜观察后,应用溴脱氧尿嘧啶(BrdU)标记技术标记细胞。于兔子背部制作全层皮肤缺损创面,即刻以纤维蛋白胶为载体,将已标记的血管内皮样细胞回植到供体动物创面上。术后2周切取创面组织,行BrdU和凝血因子Ⅷ(FⅧ)免疫组织化学染色。结果 BrdU阳性的MSCs多聚集在创面肉芽组织中的小血管周围,且有个别血管内皮细胞也呈现BrdU阳性。部分MSCs细胞质中亦有FⅧ表达。结论创面愈合过程中,诱导的MSCs与肉芽组织中小血管的形成密切相关。诱导的MSCs可分化为血管内皮样细胞,并参与创面修复。     

β射线照射皮肤损伤创面注射骨髓间充质干细胞后的创面愈合

背景：β射线皮肤损伤创面难愈,尚无有效的治疗方法。 目的：观察骨髓间充质干细胞对β射线皮肤损伤创面愈合的影响。 方法：①选用SD雌性大鼠3只分离培养骨髓间充质干细胞,传代细胞生长至第5代,DAPI标记细胞,制备骨髓间充质干细胞悬液。②选3月龄清洁级SD雌性大鼠47只,随机分为3组：治疗组应用直线加速器产生的β射线(45 Gy)单次照射大鼠臀部皮肤40 mm×30 mm,建立急性深Ⅱ度β射线皮肤损伤动物模型,创面出现后将骨髓间充质干细胞悬液注入大鼠创面皮下及真皮层;对照组β射线照射同治疗组,创面出现后注射安慰剂,用法同治疗组。正常组为正常大鼠。光镜下观察治疗后1,2,3,4周各组大鼠创面组织病理学变化,免疫组织化学方法检测CD31、CK4、成纤维细胞生长因子含量的动态变化。 结果与结论：治疗组创面愈合时间比对照组明显加快(P < 0.05)。治疗组注射骨髓间充质干细胞细胞悬液后1-4周CD31、CK4、成纤维细胞生长因子阳性细胞值明显高于对照组(P < 0.05)。证实骨髓间充质干细胞能促进β射线皮肤损伤创面的愈合,缩短创面愈合的时间。     

Enhanced wound healing by topical administration of mesenchymal stem cells transfected with stromal cell-derived factor-1

The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) genetically engineered with stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to heal skin wounds. When transfected with SDF-1 plasmid DNA, MSC which were isolated from the bone marrow of rats, secreted SDF-1 for 7 days. In vitro cell migration assay revealed that the SDF-1-engineered MSC (SDF-MSC) enhanced the migration of MSC and dermal fibroblasts to a significantly greater extent than MSC. The SDF-MSC secreted vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, and interleukin 6 at a significantly high level. A skin defect model of rats was prepared and MSC and SDF-MSC were applied to the wound to evaluate wound healing in terms of wound size and histological examinations. The wound size decreased significantly faster with SDF-MSC treatment than with MSC and PBS treatments. The length of the neoepithelium and the number of blood vessels newly formed were significantly larger. A cell-tracing experiment with fluorescently labeled cells demonstrated that the percent survival of SDF-MSC in the tissue treated was significantly high compared with that of MSC. It was concluded that SDF-1 genetic engineering is a promising way to promote the wound healing activity of MSC for a skin defect.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足过程中血管内皮生长因子的表达

背景：目前已有研究证明骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足能够获得良好的效果。 目的：评价骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足溃疡的效果以及血管内皮生长因子的表达情况。 方法：应用文献检索的方法获取骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足及血管内皮生长因子表达的相关研究文献,对符合研究标准的文献进行深入的数据分析,文章选取骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足的实验研究和临床应用进行分析,实验研究中,建立大鼠糖尿病足溃疡模型,给予骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗,观察创面溃疡的愈合情况,并分析血管内皮生长因子的表达情况。临床应用研究中,对应用骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足的患者进行观察随访,观察创面溃疡的愈合情况以及不良反应发生情况。 结果与结论：实验研究显示骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗糖尿病足创面溃疡的愈合快于常规治疗,但是与正常足溃疡愈合相比仍较慢,且移植治疗后血管内皮生长因子的表达升高,但是低于正常足溃疡对照的水平。临床应用研究显示糖尿病足溃疡患者经骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗后,创面溃疡基本均可完全愈合,且无心、脑血管疾病、肝肾功能损伤以及出凝血时间改变等不良反应发生。     

皮下移植骨髓间充质干细胞修复大鼠糖尿病足溃疡

背景：糖尿病足溃疡严重威胁患者的健康甚至生命,目前缺乏良好的治疗手段,而干细胞疗法在组织再生和创面修复方面展现出独特的优势及潜力。 目的：评价骨髓间充质干细胞经创缘皮下移植对大鼠糖尿病足溃疡的治疗效果。 方法：全骨髓贴壁法体外培养Wistar大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞至第3代,经DAPI标记。36只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成骨髓间充质干细胞移植组、正常足溃疡对照组、糖尿病足溃疡对照组,大鼠糖尿病经腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导,所有大鼠在双后足背上切取一3 mm×7 mm矩形全层皮肤制成足溃疡模型。于骨髓间充质干细胞移植后第2,5,8,11天评估各组大鼠创面愈合情况及相关蛋白和基因水平的表达情况。 结果与结论：正常足溃疡对照组的创面愈合率大于骨髓间充质干细胞移植组和糖尿病足溃疡对照组,但后2组之间无差异。冰冻切片发现骨髓间充质干细胞移植组荧光强度和区域在第5天达到高峰。苏木精-伊红染色显示第5天正常足溃疡对照组肉芽组织最厚,骨髓间充质干细胞移植组比糖尿病足溃疡对照组厚。免疫组化发现骨髓间充质干细胞移植组CD31平均小血管数目在第8天和第11天比糖尿病足溃疡对照组多(P < 0.05);骨髓间充质干细胞移植组平均Ki-67阳性细胞数在各时间点均比糖尿病足溃疡对照组多(P < 0.01)。ELISA和RT-PCR结果均显示,正常足溃疡对照组血管内皮细胞生长因子表达水平较骨髓间充质干细胞移植组、糖尿病足溃疡对照组高。第5天和第8天骨髓间充质干细胞移植组表达水平显著高于糖尿病足溃疡对照组(P < 0.01)。说明骨髓间充质干细胞经创缘皮下移植明显促进大鼠糖尿病足溃疡的愈合,此疗效可能是通过促进创伤中血管内皮细胞生长因子的表达实现的。     

Delayed and deficient dermal maturation in mice lacking the CXCR3 ELR-negative CXC chemokine receptor

Replacement of wounded skin requires the initially florid cellular response to abate and even regress as the dermal layer returns to a relatively paucicellular state. The signals that direct this "stop and return" process have yet to be deciphered. CXCR3 chemokine receptor and its ligand CXCL11/IP-9/I-TAC are expressed by basal keratinocytes and CXCL10/IP-10 by keratinocytes and endothelial cells during wound healing in mice and humans. In vitro, these ligands limit motility in dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells. To examine whether this signaling pathway contributes to wound healing in vivo, full-thickness excisional wounds were created on CXCR3 wild-type (+/+) or knockout (-/-) mice. Even at 90 days, long after wound closure, wounds in the CXCR3(-/-) mice remained hypercellular and presented immature matrix components. The CXCR3(-/-) mice also presented poor remodeling and reorganization of collagen, which resulted in a weakened healed dermis. This in vivo model substantiates our in vitro findings that CXCR3 signaling is necessary for inhibition of fibroblast and endothelial cell migration and subsequent redifferentiation of the fibroblasts to a contractile state. These studies establish a pathophysiologic role for CXCR3 and its ligand during wound repair.     

Physical plasma therapy accelerates wound re-epithelialisation and enhances extracellular matrix formation in cutaneous skin grafts

Skin grafting is a surgical method of cutaneous reconstruction, which provides volumetric replacement in wounds unable to heal by primary intention. Clinically, full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) are placed in aesthetically sensitive and mechanically demanding areas such as the hands, face, and neck. Complete or partial graft failure is the primary complication associated with this surgical procedure. Strategies aimed at improving the rate of skin graft integration will reduce the incidence of graft failure. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an emerging technology offering innovative clinical applications. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic potential of CAP to improve wound healing and skin graft integration into the recipient site. In vitro models that mimic wound healing were used to investigate the ability of CAP to enhance cellular migration, a key factor in cutaneous tissue repair. We demonstrated that CAP enhanced the migration of epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. This increased cellular migration was possibly induced by the low dose of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by CAP. Using a mouse model of burn wound reconstructed with a full-thickness skin graft, we showed that wounds treated with CAP healed faster than did control wounds. Immunohistochemical wound analysis showed that CAP treatment enhanced the expression of the dermal–epidermal junction components, which are vital for successful skin graft integration. CAP treatment was characterised by increased levels of Tgfbr1 mRNA and collagen I protein in vivo, suggesting enhanced wound maturity and extracellular matrix deposition. Mechanistically, we show that CAP induced the activation of the canonical SMAD-dependent TGF- β 1 pathway in primary human dermal fibroblasts, which may explain the increased collagen I synthesis in vitro. These studies revealed that CAP improved wound repair and skin graft integration via mechanisms involving extracellular matrix formation. CAP offers a novel approach for treating cutaneous wounds and skin grafts. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

动员血管内皮祖细胞促进真皮支架移植区的血管新生

背景：近年研究发现促红细胞生成素可以动员自体骨髓中的血管内皮祖细胞至外周血,趋化其至创面,促进创面血管新生。 目的：观察促红细胞生成素对血管内皮祖细胞动员效果的时效关系。 方法：不同剂量促红细胞生成素通过腹腔注射7 d动员小鼠血管内皮祖细胞,以注射生理盐水作为对照,采用流式细胞仪定点检测外周血中内皮祖细胞数量以比较动员效果,优选安全有效的促红细胞生成素动员剂量,并观察促红细胞生成素动员内皮祖细胞对脱细胞猪皮移植区血管新生的影响。 结果与结论：在开始注射后1,3,5,7,10,14 d等6个时间点内,生理盐水对照组外周血内皮祖细胞无明显变化,促红细胞生成素动员组外周血内皮祖细胞逐渐增加,于7 d达到高峰。高剂量促红细胞生成素动员组内皮祖细胞比例较低剂量组增加明显,促红细胞生成素动员组促进脱细胞猪皮移植区血管新生的效果明显强于对照组。结果可见,促红细胞生成素连续7 d腹腔注射能增加外周血内皮祖细胞的数量,在动员后第7天时达到高峰,效果成剂量依赖性,并能促进脱细胞猪皮移植区血管新生。     

Wnt/β- catenin信号介导脐带间充质干细胞修复糖尿病创面的应用前景

糖尿病并发创面致病机制复杂,缺乏有效治疗措施。间充质干细胞(MSC)具有促进创面愈合的作用,与骨髓MSC比较,脐带来源的MSC生物学特性优势明显。Wnt是干细胞转归和皮肤再生的强效调节信号分子,而糖尿病创面Wnt信号通路功能低下。Wnt/β- catenin信号介导脐带MSC修复糖尿病创面有潜在的临床应用前景,本文综述了这方面的研究现状及存在问题。